动词的各种时态及变化规则

动词的各种时态及变化规则

一、一般现在时用法1现阶段经常性、习惯性动作；2目前的状态；O3o客观真理构成主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词要在词尾加-s-es,其他人称和数用动词原形.否定形式am/i s/are.not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt,同时还原行为动词.一般疑问句把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does,同时，还原行为动词时间月夫语always,usua Ily,often,sometimes,every weekday,year,month-**,once aweek,onSundays动词的变化规则1一殳直接在词尾+s runsI ikes2以s,sh,ch,x,o结尾的动词在词尾+es goespasses3以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，要把y变i+esstudy-------stud i es try---------------------tr ies4以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接在后+s staysp Iays

二、现在进行时用法a表示现在指说话人说话时正在发生的事情.obo表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行.构成主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词即动词一ing形式否定形式主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词一般疑问句把am/is/are放于句首时间》失语these days,now,at themoment,look,I isten.现在分词的变化规则1o一般直接在动词词尾+i ngread ing

2.以不发音e结尾的动词要把e去掉+ing Iive------1i ving

3.以重读闭音节的结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写辅音字母再ingrun---------running注重读闭音节辅+元+辅并且元音是单元音4o特殊记忆的动词die---------------dying死lie-------------lying躺tie--------------tying栓系

三、一般过去时用法过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为构成主语+动词的过去式.否定形式若谓语为was\were,或情态动词，则直接在其后加not;若谓语为行为动词，则需要借助did+not,还原动词一般疑问句若谓语为waswere,或情态动词，则直接将其提到主语前；若谓语为行为动词，则需要借助did,并将其提到主语前，同时还原动词.时间斗夫语yesterday,this morning,the daybefore yesterday,in1990,与ago连用的状语，two daysago与Iast连用的时间状语，Iast Sunday,Iast nighto0动词的过去式形式1一般直接在动词词尾+ed work---------worked2以e结尾的动词在词尾+d likedI ived3以重读闭音节的结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写辅音字母再加ed4以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，要把y变i+ed study--------stud iedstop-----stoppedam,is-was gdo-did say-saidare-were see—sawi ve-gave go-went have-had,get-got come-cameeat-ate run-ran put-put,take-took sing-sangmake-made read-read wr ite-wrote draw-drew dr ink-drank,r ide-rodefIy-fIew speak-spoke sweep—swept buy-boughts it-satswim-swam bring------brought can—could cut-cut不规则动词过去式:become-became begin-began feeI-feIt find-foundforget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knewI earn-1earnt I earned Ieave—I eft Iet—Iet Iose—Iost meet-met read—readsIeep-sI ept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught teII-to Idwrite-wrotewake-woke think-though不规则动词变化表

1.A——A--------A型现在式、过去式和过去分词同形动词原形现在式过去式过去分词cost costcost花费cut cutcut害“，切hit hith it打I etI etI et让put putput放下read readread读hurt hurthurt伤

2.—A-----------B型现在式和过去式同形A——beat beatbeaten才fA--B——A型现在式和过去分词同形3ocome camecome来become becamebecome变run ranrun跑A--------------B---------B型4o1在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词burn burntburnt燃烧IearnI earned/1earnt Iearned/1earnt学习mean meantmeant意思hear heardheard听见2把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词Bui Idbui Itbui It建筑Lend Ilent借给ent1ose1ost lost失去send sentsent送spend spentspent花费⑶其他pay paidpa i d付1ay laidlaid下蛋say sa idsaid说ring broughtbrought带来buy boughtbought买th ink thoughtthought想s1eep s1epts1ept睡keep keptkept保持sweep sweptswept扫stand stoodstood站understand understoodunderstood明白win wonwon得胜sh ine shone/sh ined shone/sh ined发光catch caughtcaught抓住teach taughttaught教fee1felt felt觉得fight foughtfought战斗find foundfound发现get gotgot得到hang hanged/hung hanged/hung绞死，挂have hadhad有hold heI dheld盛，握1eave IeftIeft离开make mademade制造meet metmet遇见se11so Id sold卖shoot shotshot射击te11told told告诉sme11sme11/smeI Iedsmelt/smelled嗅，闻sit satsat坐dig dugdug挖

5.-B---------C型现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同A——1在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词eat ateeaten吃fal Ifel Ifallen落下stea Isto Ie stoIen偷give gavegiven给freeze frozefrozen冻结take tooktaken拿see sawseen看见动词过去式把i变，过去分词去e双写再加enwr ite wrotewr itten写ride roderidden骑dr ive drovedr iven驾驶以ow结尾过去式把0变,e过去分词直接加nthrow threwthrown抛,扔b1ow b1ew blown吹grow grewgrown生长know knewknown知道fly f1ew f1own飞draw drewdrawn拉，绘画show showedshown展示2过去式加n或en构成过去分词speak spokespoken说话break brokebroken破碎，折断wake waked/woke waked/waken酉星choose chosechosen选择forget forgotforgotten忘记3变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”过去式和过去分词.Begin beganbegun开始ring rangrung按铃sing sangsung唱s ink sanksunk沉swim swamswum游泳dr ink drankdrunk饮4其他不规则动词的变化be am,i swas/were been是be arewere been是do diddone做go wentgone去1ie1ay lain躺wear woreworn穿。