还剩13页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
英语划分句子成分〔一〕句子成分的定义构成句子的各个局部叫做句子成分句子成分有主要成分与次要成分；主要成分有主语与谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语与同位语〔二〕主语主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首但在there构造、疑问句〔当主语不疑问词时〕与倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助be动词或情态动词后面主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词与主语从句等表示例如During the1990s,American countrymusic hasbecome more〔名词〕and morepopular.〔代词〕We oftenspeak Englishin class.One-third of the students〔数词〕in thisclass aregirls.〔不定式〕To swimin theriver is a greatpleasure.Smoking does〔动名词〕harm to the health.〔名词化的形容词〕The richshould helpthe poor.When weare going to have an Englishtest hasnot beendecided.〔主语从句〕〔作形式主语，真正It isnecessary tomaster aforeign language.it的主语为后面的不定式〕〔三〕谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征与状态动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后谓语的构成如下、简单谓语由一个动词或动词短语构成如1He practicesrunningevery morning.、复合谓语〔〕由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成如21Youmay keepthe bookfor twoweeks.He hascaught abad cold.〔〕由系动词加表语构成如2We arestudents.〔四〕表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征与状态，它一般位于系动词〔如※以肯定的语气表达主语状态时，要用系动词※表示说话人所be感知的主语的特征或状态时，系动词用※look,feel,sound,taste,smell表示主语状态变化时，系动词用（假become,get,grow,come,turn设跟名词不加冠词），（）等，后面大多数接形容fall asleep,ill,silent词作表语但亦可接名词作表语等※表示主语的持续时，become,turn系动词用※从印象的角度说明主语所处remain,stay,keep,continue的状态与特征时，系动词用（常用于书面），（appear to be seemto）＞其后要求接形容词，而不是副词作表语要特别注意的是有些be^l动词既可以作系动词，又可作实意动词的用法遇到这种情况时，只能先根据其意思判断清楚到底是前者还是后者，然后再对后面的词性与词义作出判断与选择、这类词不用进展时、系动词无被动式）23表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示例如Our teacherof Englishis anAmerican.〔名词〕〔代词〕Is ityours Theweather hasturned cold.〔形容词〕〔分词〕The speechis exciting.Three timesseven istwenty〔数词〕〔不定式〕〔爱好〕one His job is to teachEnglish.His hobby〔动名词〕〔介is playingfootball.The machinemust beout oforder.词短语〕〔副词〕Time isup.The classis over.〔表语从句〕The truthis thathe hasnever beenabroad.〔五〕宾语宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词与介词后面例如〔展览〕〔名词〕They wentto seean exhibitionyesterday.The heavyrain preventedme formcoming toschool ontime.〔代词〕〔数词〕How manydictionaries doyou haveI havefive.They helpedthe oldwith theirhousework yesterday.He〔不定式短语〕pretended notto seeme.动名词短语〕I enjoylistening topopular music.I think[that]he is〔宾语从句〕fit forhis office.宾语种类〔〕双宾语〔间接宾语+直接宾语]，要求双宾语（直接宾语1与间接宾语）的动词，直接宾语提前，动词后加或现归纳如下to for,
[2]They electedhim theirmonitor.〔六〕宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整带有宾语补足语的一般句型为某些及物动词+宾语+宾补※宾语+名词”常用于改构造的动词有※宾语+形容词”常见的call,name,make,find,choose,think,leave动词有think,believe,leave,drive,make,keep,turn,wish,wantA宾语+副词▲宾语+介词短语▲宾语+不定式”充当宾补的不定式有三种要求带的不定式要求不带的不定式A toB tolet,make,等，用不定式作宾have,see,,watch,,look at,hear,listen to,feel语补语时，要省去但用于被动语态时，还要加上等单词to“to Chelp后可加或不加“宾语+现在分词〃to toAsee,,watch,,look at,hear,宾语+过去分词”▲形式宾语+形容词▲宾语+listen to,feelA what从句+※主补对主语的补充例如〔名词〕His fathernamed himDongming.They paintedtheir〔形容词〕boat white.〔副词〕,Let thefresh airin.You mustnt forcehim tolend hismoney,〔不定式短语〕to you〔现在分词〕We sawher enteringthe room.We foundeverything in〔介词短语〕the labin goodorder.We willsoon make our citywhat〔从句〕your cityis now.〔七〕定语修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语定语可由以下等成分表示〔形容词〕Guilin isa beautifulcity.China isa developingcountry;America isa developedcountry.〔分词〕〔名词〕There arethirty womenteachers isour school.〔代词〕His rapidprogress inEnglish madeus surprised.〔不定式短Our monitoris alwaysthe firstto enterthe classroom.语〕〔动名词〕The teachingplan fornext termhas beenworked out.〔介词短语〕〔八〕He isreading anarticle abouthow tolearn English.状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语可由以下形式表示,Light travelsmost quickly〔副词及副词性词组〕〔介词短语〕He haslived in the cityfor tenyears.He isproud tohave passedthe nationalcollege entrance〔不定式短语〕examination.〔分词短语〕He isin the room makinga modelplane.Wait aminute.〔名词〕〔状语从句〕Once youbegin,you mustcontinue.简单句的五种根本句型口诀英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵句型种类为动词，后接什么是关键;又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见；还有宾语补足语，各种搭配记心间注vt.意带特殊疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语是一种很常用的形式，根本句型是（间接）+疑问词+不定式S+V+O简单句的五个根本句型主语+不及物动词She came./My headaches.主语+及物动词+宾语She likesEnglish.主语+系动词+表语She ishappy.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语She gaveJohn a book.She boughtabookfor me.主语+宾补动词+宾语+宾语补语She makesher motherangry.The teacherasked meto readthe passage.〔〕练习一There+be Therelies abook on the desk.
一、指出以下句子句子成分
1.The studentsgot onthe schoolbus.
2.He handedme thenewspaper.
3.I shallanswer yourquestion afterclass.
4.What abeautifulChinese painting!
5.They wenthunting togetherearly in themorning.
6.Hisjobis totrain swimmers.
7.He tookmany photosof thepalacesin Beijing.
8.There isgoing to be anAmerican filmtonight.
9.He isto leavefor Shanghaitomorrow.
10.His wishis tobecomea scientist.
11.He managedto finishthe workin time.
12.Tom cameto askme foradvice.
13.He found it importanttomaster English.
14.Do you have anythingelse to say
15.To behonest;your pronunciationis notso good.
16.Would youpleasetell meyour address17,He satthere,reading anewspaper.
18.Itis ourduty tokeep ourclassroom cleanand tidy.
19.He noticedaman entertheroom.
20.The applestasted sweet.
21.When youcrossa mainroad,you mustbe careful.22He wentout toplayfootball afterhe hadfinished hishomework.23Wait untilyou arecalled.24I cantrecognize you.You aresochanged sincelast wemet.25He didntgo toschool untilhe waseleven.
26.You canuse myhouse aslong as you arecareful.
27.He issoterrible oncehe isdrunk.28I listentotheradio whileI walkeveryevening.
29.Put itwhere youfoundit.Youll be late,unlessyou hurry.301did justasyoutold meo
31.They aresuch wonderfulplayers thatno onecan beatthem.
32.We arrivedearly,so thatwe gotgood seats.
33.He isthe manwhom/that Isaw yesterday.
34.His fatherdied theyear that/when/in whichhe wasborn.
35.This isthe housewhich webought lastmonth.
36.Whether hewill comeis notclear.It isnot importantwho willgo.
37.1want toknow whathe hastold you.
38.The questionis whethershe shouldhavealow opinionof thetest
39.It looksas ifit isgoingtorain.
40.Its apity thatyou shouldhaveto leave
41.•He isyoung buthe workshard.
42..He workshard,so heis atopstudent ofclass.
42.Hurry up,or wellbelate.
44.We rarelystay,in hotels,for wecan tafford it.
45.Some newcomputers werestolenlast night.
46.The bikesare madeby themin thefactory.
47.It shouldbe doneat once.
48.He wasseen tocome in.
49.Lily wasgivena stickerby Jack
50.Is acar beingdriven now
二、用符号划出以下短文各句中的主语〔一〕、谓语〔=〕、宾语〔〕〜I hopeyou arevery well.Im fine,but tired.Right nowit isthesummer vacationand Imhelping my Dad onthe farm.August isthehottest monthhere.It isthe timeof yearfor therice harvest,so everyday Iwork fromdawn untildark.Sometimes wego onworkingafter darkby thelights ofour tractors.We growrice inthesouth of the States,but in the northwhere itis coldertheygrow wheat.We havea lotof machinesonthefarm.Although thefarmis large,myDadhas onlytwo menworking forhim.But heemploysmore menfor theharvest.My brothertakes careof thevegetablegarden.It doesntoften raininthesummer here.As aresult,we haveto waterthe vegetablegarden.Every eveningwepump waterfrom awell.It thenruns alongchannels todifferentparts ofthe garden.
三、用符号划出以下短文各句中的定语〔一〕、状语〔=〕、补语〔〕〜Most Saturdayevenings thereisaparty,even atharvest time.These partiesoften makeus veryhappy.We cookmeat onan openfireoutside.It*s great!Americans eata lotof meat-too muchinmy opinion.Some ofmy friendsdrink beer.I dont,because Ihaveto drivehome afterthe party.In yourletter youasked aboutthetime indifferent areasofthe States.There arefive different timeareas intheStates.In mystate weare fourteenhours behindBeijingtime.How manydifferenttimeareas doyouhavein ChinaWell,I muststop andget somesleep.Please givemy bestregardsto yourparents.
四、IThat morning we talkeda greatdeal.2The meetingwill lasttwohours.3Great changeshave takenplace inmy hometown inthe pasttenyears.4This boxweighs fivekilos.5I livedin Beijingfive yearsago.61want totalk withyou thisafternoon.
7.They havecarried outtheplan successfully.8You mustfinish readingthese booksin twoweeks.
9.Jim cannotdresshimself.
10.All of us believethat Jackis anhonest boy.1l.He didnot knowwhattosay.12Mrs Brownlooks veryhealthy.13At theage offifteen hebecamea famouspianist.14Her jobistolook afterthe childreninthenursery.15Thereport soundsinteresting.15Mr Johnsontaught usGerman lastyear16Grandma toldmean interestingstory lastnight.17Would youplease passme thedictionary18He showedtheticket tothe conductor.19We callher Alice.20A11ofusconsidered himhonest.21They haveset thethief free.22We willmakeourschool morebeautiful.23He askedus tojoin inthe game24Tomorrow I11have someonerepair themachine.25Every9morningwehear himread Englishaloud..2611get myrecordermended.27She islistening tosomeone tellingstories.28He feltit verydifficult totalk withyou.291consider itpossible towork outthe problemin anotherway.30The schoolmade ita rulethat thestudents shouldstand upwhenclass begins.句型There be,IThere isnt goingtobe a meetingtonight.,5The weathermansays there11beastrong windin theafternoon.66The lightis on.There mustbe someoneion theoffice.7There usedtobea cinemahere beforethe war.8There happenedtobe nobodyintheroom.9Once,there livedan oldfisherman ina villageby thesea.IOTherecomes thebus.1IThere remainedjust twenty-eight dollars.12In frontofthecave,there standsgrowsa tallpine tree.13There goesthe bell.14There aretwenty-eight daysin February。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
