07.情态动词及虚拟语气-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车

第讲情态动词及虚拟语气07考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接❖考点归纳基本情态（助）动词:（表意愿）

1.can/could,may/might,must,shall,should/ought to,will/would常见情态动词的区分

2.⑴

①前者表示固有能力，后者表不努力后获得的能力；

②过去时态，前者表示具有能力做can/be abletot（但不一定做），后者仅表示过去做且已成功；

③时态上，前者只能变为后者有多种时态选择could,（）前者指主观意见，后者指客观需要2must/have to:⑶都表示过去经常重复的动作，但前者只能用于表示过去习惯性动作，而不能表示过去的would Iused to:状态，而后者皆可；后者一般不能与表确定时间段的时间状语并存（）两个词都兼作实义动词与情态动词［语法上称其为边际情态助动词｛4dare/need:Marginal Modal）］参照其他只能做情态动词的词的搭配，区分是何种动词（如Auxiliary^dare/need cando sth./cantdosth.）；一般肯定句中，两者只能作及物动词；作实义动词时两者均后接带t的不定式；特殊地,dare作实义动词时可省略to；dare的否定形式为darent（）两者均为的否定形式，前者表示不许，后者表示不必5mustnyt/needtTt.must⑹前者表示没必要做但已做完，后者表示没必要做且未做neednU have done/didn^t needto:特殊情态动词的用法

3.⑴对于正在进行（或将来）的事表示揣测，解释为“应当正在”、“想必正在”等，modal verbs+v.-ing:如e.g.The childcarCt hetelling the truth.It musthe snowing.He mightstill besleeping.⑵用于征求允诺；用于法律法规的允诺、要求、命令（表示说话人的强烈意志、决心）shall:⑶表示应该；抒发诸如惊奇、不满等情绪should:情态动词表“推测”

4.Uncertain-----------------------------------------------------------»Certain⑴可能性由小到大依次为:might maycould canshould ought to wouldwill must⑵表推测时，不用于肯定句，不用于疑问句，即“团即不疑，〃不肯”，但没有这can mayca could一限制⑶must用于肯定句；表示一定不，改用cant而非mustnt；must很少用于推测将来情况真题链接

1.Just bepatient.You expectthe worldto changeso soon.A.cant B.neednt C.may notD.will not

2.Im afraidMr.Harding seeyou now.Hes busy.A.cant B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.neednt

3.Jack describedhis father,who abrave boymany yearsago,as astrong-willed man.A.would beB.would have been C.must beD.must have been

4.一Good morning,Ive gotan appointmentwith MissSmith in the PersonnelDepartment.-Ah,good morning.You beMrs.Peters.A.might B.must C.would D.can

5.You parkhere!Its anemergency exit.A.wouldnt B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt

6.Teachers recommendparents theirchildren under12to ridebicycles toschool forsafety.A.not allowB.do notallow C.mustnt allowD.couldnt allow

7.You buya gift,but youcan if you want to.A.must B.mustnt C.have to D.dont haveto

8.If hemy advice,he wouldnt have losthis job.A.followed B.should followC.had followedD.would follow

9.-I haven9t gotthe referencebook yet,but rilhave atest on the subjectnext month.-Dont worry.You haveit byFriday.A.could B.shall C.must D.may

10.I havetold you thetruth.I keeprepeating itA.Must B.Can C.May D.Will

11.Doctors say that exerciseis importantfbr health,but it be regularexercise.A.can B.will C.must D.may

12.I havewatched thatmovie—itll giveme horribledreams.A.shouldnt B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt

13.-May I take thisbook out of thereading room-No,you.You readit inhere.A.mightnt B.wont C.neednt D.mustnt

14.Itakethe bookout-Im afraidnot.A.Will B.May C.Must D.Need

15.Mark havehurried.After drivingat topspeed,he arrivedhalf an hour early.A.neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.couldnt

16.-John went to thehospital alone.-If heme aboutit,I would have gonewith him.A.should tellB.tells C.told D.had told

17.“You have a wrongnumber/5she said.Theres noone ofthat namehere.”A.need B.can C.must D.would

18.They havearrived atlunchtime buttheir flightwas delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should

19.If yousmoke,please go outside.A.can B.should C.must D.may

20.-I dontreally likeJames.Why didyou invitehim-Dont worry.He come.He saidhe wasntcertain whathis planswere.A.must notB.need notC.would notD.might not

21.-Where arethe childrenThe dinnersgoing to be completelyruined.-1wish theyalways late.A.werent B.hadnt been C.wouldnt beD.wouldnt have been

22.-Why didntyou come to Simonsparty last night-I wantedto,but mymom simplynot letme outso lateat night.A.could B.might C.would D.should

23.Shall Iinform himof thechange of the scheduleright now-lam afraidyou,in casehe comeslate fbr the meeting.A.will B.must C.may D.can

24.-No onebe comparedwith YaoMing inplaying basketball.-Oh,you arereally hisbig fan.A.can B.need C.must D.might

25.-I leftmy handbagon thetrain,but luckilysomeone gaveit toa railway official.-How unbelievableto getit back!I mean,someone it.A.will havestolen B.might havestolen C.should havestolen D.must havestolen

26.It bethe postmanat thedoor.Its onlysix oclock.

27.-Will youread mea story,Mummy-OK.You haveone if you goto bedas soonas possible.A.might B.must C.could D.shallA.can B.may C.must D.should

28.The policestill haventfound thelost child,but they9re doingall they.

29.-Hows yournew babysitterWeask fbra betterone.All ourkids loveher so much.A.should B.might C.mustnt D.couldnt

30.If yougo,at leastwait untilthe stormis over.A.can B.may C.must D.will答案考前巩固I.

1.must have been taken

2.cannot be told

3.might/may rain

4.cant tell

5.can/could nothave gone

6.must beraining

7.should havetold

8.can/could nothave gone

9.should havetakenIL

1.Could youlend me5US dollarsuntil tomorrow

2.Im surprisedthat heshould havean accident.

3.How dareyou saythat in the presenceof theprincipal

4.If Iwere you,I wouldnot misssuch agood chance.

5.Judging fromher indirectwayofspeaking,she couldnthavepassed thephysics test.

6.I didntexpect that you should have solvedthe hardproblem sosoon.

7.You areso sleepyright now.You must have gotup earlythis morning.

8.Some womencould havemade agood salaryin ajob insteadof stayinghome,but theydecide togive upIII.1^10DABDC CCCDB11〜20ACACA CCACBworkingfbrthesake of the family.模拟演练170CDCBA ABDCD11〜20CADBD BDBAC21〜30CBBCD DCDBC31〜40CCDCC CCDAB41〜50ABCDC ABDBB51〜53BBD21〜30AADCC DCBCC真题链接在疑问句中表示“可能，会，表示否定推测4can coukhTt

5.modal auxiliary+have done:过去不可能过去必然发生cant/couldnt have done must have done过去可能发生却未发生过去应该做却未做may/might havedone ought to/should havedone过去可以完成却未完成委婉、遗憾见上could havedone neednt涉及情态动词的一些词组

6.may well/might mayas well=had better/would likelove/care to do/should likelove todo/would rather...than/could youplease dosth./cant helpbut do/cant betoo/beto havedone=should havedone引导的非真实条件状语从句注意

①去掉倒装；

②主从句时态可不一致

7.if if从句主句iff时v.-ed/were would/should/might/could+v.过去时had v.-ed would have v.-ed将来时v.-ed/were tov./should+v.would+v.表示与真实相反

8.wish/as if表示“建议”、“命令”、“愿望”、“要求”的.八./〃.用于名词性从句中，从句用（）

9.should+y.特别注意（坚持说、坚持认为）及（表明、暗示）insist suggest❖考前巩固I.Put inverbs with appropriate modalauxiliary accordingto themeaning.

1.This phototakein thefifties of the century.You canjudge thisby theclothes thepeople arewearing.

2.I haveto speakof theplace becausethe storyof mylifenot tellwithout mentioningit.

3.Were supposedtohavea volleyballmatch this afternoon,but theysay itrain.

4.Henot tellthem apartbecause theyare muchalike.

5.Hego toBeijing fbrI sawhim atPeoples Squareat ten.

6.Itrain outside.I cansee manypeople withan umbrellaor araincoat.

7.Youtell methat youwere bringingyour friendsto dinner!

8.Where isWendy She not goout,as thedoors locked.

9.The groupgot lostin themountains.Theytake amap anda compasswith them.IL Translatethe followingsentences intoEnglish,using thewords givenin thebrackets.请问你能借给我美元吗？明天就还

1.5until他竟出了车祸，真是我吃惊

2.surprise你怎么竟敢在校长面前说那种话？

3.dare如果我是你的话，我绝不会错过如此好的良机

4.If从她兜圈子说话的方式就可看出，她物理考试准没过

5.can我没有想到你竟然这么快就解决了这个困难的问题

6.expect你现在如此昏昏欲睡，今天一定起了个大早

7.getup有些女性本可拥有一份工资不错的活儿干而不用呆在家中，但她们为了家庭放弃了工作机会

8.sakeIII.Choose thebest answer.

1.With allthis workat hand,he to the cinemalast night.A.mustnt goB.wouldnt goC.oughtnt to go D.shouldnt havegone

2.He isanhourlate.He byfog.Of course,thats onlya possibility.A.may have been delayedB.should havebeen delayedC.can havebeen delayedD.must havebeen delayed

3.You such a longessay.The teacheronly askedfbr300words,and you have written1,

000.A.neednt writeB.neednt havewritten C.didnt needto writeD.didnt needwrite

4.I don91believe him.He beserious.A.neednt B.mustnt C.may notD.cant

5.Its wonderfulthat you have achievedsomuchin theseyears.A.would B.might C.should D.could

6.Since it is alreadymidnight,we.A.should takeour leaveB.had betterbe leavingC.might aswell leaveD.ought to be leaving

7.He backto workwithout thedoctors permission.Now,he hasto stay in hisbed fbra coupleofweeks.A.neednt havegone B.couldnt havegone C.shouldnt havegone D.mustnt havegone

8.This bookgives avivid pictureof life in ancient Greece.”How beautifullifein ancientGreece!,9A.must beB.should be C.must havebeen D.should havebeen

9.It has been announcedthat candidatesremain in their seatsuntil allthe papershavebeencollected.A.can B.will C.may D.shallA.should B.can C.must D.will

10.A left-luggage officeisaplace wherebags beleft fora shorttime,especially ata railwaystation.

11.How yousaythatyou reallyunderstand thewhole storyifyou have coveredonly partofthearticle.A.can B.must C.need D.may

12.My English-Chinese dictionaryhas disappeared.Who havetaken itA.should B.must C.could D.would

13.Mr.Bush ison timefbr everything.How it be thathe waslate for the openingceremony.A.can B.should C.may D.must

14.-Who is the girlstanding over there-Well,ifyouknow,her nameis Mabel.A.may B.can C.must D.shall

15.-Mum,Fve beenstudying Englishsince8oclock.I goout andplay withTom fbra while-No,Im afraidnot.Besides,its rainingoutside now.A.Cant B.Wouldnt C.May notD.Wont

16.-Didnt theycometothe partylast week-Yes.They didntwant tocome withus atfirst,but thenwe persuadethem.A.would B.could C.were abletoD.had to

17.You mightjust aswell tellthe manufacturerthat malecustomers notlike thedesign ofthe furniture.A.must B.shall C.may D.need

18.-Excuse me.Is thisthe rightway tothe SummerPalace-Sorry,I amnot sure.But itbe.A.might B.will C.must D.can

19.There beany difficultyabout passingthe roadtest sinceyouhavepracticed alot inthe drivingschool.A.mustnt B.shant C.shouldnt D.neednt

20.I wason thehighway whenthis carwent pastfollowed bya policecar.They at least150km anhour.A.should havebeen doingB.must havebeen doingC.could havebeen D.would havedone

21.You paytoo muchattention toyour readingskill,as itis so important.A.cant B.should C.must D.neednt

22.Arent youtired Iyou haddone enoughfor today.A.should have thought B.must havethought C.might havethought D.could havethought

23.The hotelis onlya stonesthrow away,so youtake abus.

24.-You needntdo itright now,need you-Yes,I amafraid I.A.need B.neednt C.must D.mustnt

25.Be quick!They forus at the schoolgate now.A.must have waited B.must waitC.must bewaiting D.ought tohavewaited

26.The littlegirl touchthe worm.A.dares notB.dares notto C.dare toD.dare not

27.-Do youknow whereDavid is一Well.He havegone far-his coatis stillhere.A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.cant D.wouldnt

28.He havecompleted hiswork;otherwise,he wouldntbe enjoyinghimself byseaside.A.should B.must C.wouldnt D.cant

29.I toldSally how to gethere,but perhapsI forher.A.had towrite itout B.must havewritten itoutC.should havewritten itout D.oughttowrite itout

30.You cantimagine thata well-behaved gentlemanbe sorude toa lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would❖模拟演练

1.It havebeen Tomthat parkedthe carhere,as heistheonly onewithacar.A.may B.can C.must D.should

2.It isimportant toknow about the culturaldifferences thatcause problems.A.must B.dare C.need D.may

3.-Sorry,Professor Smith.I didntfinish theassignment yesterday.I-Oh,youhavedone itas yesterdaywas thedeadline.A.must B.mustnt C.should D.shouldnt

4.Some youngpeople thesedays justgooutof theirhomes tocontact thereal world.A.mustnt B.wont C.mightnt D.shouldnt一

5.Isnt thatfamous actressoverthere一No,itbeher.Tm sureshe isntthat ordinary-looking.A.cant B.mustnt C.wont D.may not

6.-I didntsee herlast nightat theparty.-You.But youcame toolate.A.could haveB.cant haveC.must haveD.ought have

7.After athorough investigation,the policemandeclared thatthe blowon thevictims headfrom behind.A.should havebeen madeB.must havebeen madeC.wouldhavebeen madeD.oughttohavebeenmade

8.-Where ismy referencebook Itwas herea momentago.-Someone itby mistake.A.could takeB.must takeC.might takeD.must havetaken

9.He wasnot here.Since hehad alreadyhad hispapers corrected,he behind.A.neednt havestayed B.mustnt havestayed C.didnt needto stayD.shouldnt stay

10.John promisedhis wifehenotsmoke,and hehas neversmoked eversince.A.might B.should C.must D.would

11.Very often,when hehavebeendoing whatwas assignedto him,he passedhis timeeither bydaydreaming orby drawingcartoon characters.A.could B.must C.should D.would

12.No wonderyou caughta cold.You havegone outlast nightwithout acoat.A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.couldnt D.mightnt

13.The weatherturned outtobefine yesterday.I thetrouble tocarry myumbrella withme.A.should havetaken B.could havetaken C.couldnt havetaken D.neednt havetaken

14.You behungry already-you hada bigcake onlyhalf anhour ago.A.wouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt

15.Scientists aretrying todevelop asoya-based foodfuel forcars,which oneday replacepetrol.A.must B.should C.would D.may

16.According tothe WhiteHouse,the securitydepartment investigate,as soonas possible,the incidentabouta civiliancouple attendinga governmentdinner partyfortheIndian PrimeMinister withoutbeing invited.A.can B.must C.need D.ought

17.The missingscientist here,since thevillagers areusing thefarming approachhe created.A.should havebeen B.couldn91havebeen C.might nothavebeen D.must havebeen

18.Sorry,I gotup latethis morning.1have setthe alarmclock beforeI wentto bedlastnight.A.might B.should C.must D.would-Well,I,but Iforgot it.A.should haveB.must C.should D.must have

20.-Mary,now youhaveachance tostudy inSingapore fbra yearas anexchange student.Are youinterested|-that betrue Ofcourse rilgo.A.May B.Might C.Can D.Must

21.So farno lifehasbeenfound outsidethe earth,but whilesome scientistsare activelysearching fbrliving thingsinouter space,other firmlybelieve there.A.mustnt beB.may notbeC.cant beD.wont be

22.Education knowsno limits.It takeplace anywhere,whether ina kitchenor inthe job.A.should B.can C.need D.must

23.It isdangerous toplay withknife.You hurtyourself.A.can B.may C.must D.should

24.-She looksvery happy.She havepassed theexam.-I guessso.Its notdifficult afterall.A.should B.could C.must D.mightA.must havehad B.should havehad C.wouldhaveD.could havehad

25.He theletter typed,but hedecided tohandwrite itand sendit inperson inorder toshow hissincerity.

26.Look atthe naughtyboy!You havetaught himhowtobehave himself.A.must B.may C.can D.should

27.You tellhim.He isfully awareofthedanger.A.mustnt B.dont needC.neednt D.cant

28.Seriously injuredinamatch,David Beckhamlose thechance toshow upatthe2010South AfricaWorldCup.A.can B.must C.should D.might

29.-What sortof housedo youwanttohave Somethingbig-Well,itbereally huge—size isntsoimportant.A.mustnt B.neednt C.cant D.wont

30.-John,how didyour Englishexam go-1thought Ibut actuallyI cameinthetop10intheclass.A.should have failed B.could nothavefailedC.might havefailed D.must fail

31.We weighthe prosand consbefore decidingwhether toinvest ourmoney orlet itstayinthe bank.A.can B.would C.must D.dare

32.Peter joinus inthe picnic,but itall dependson hisweekend assignment.A.must B.shall C.may D.will

33.The teacherhavethoughtJohn wasworth itor shewouldnt havewasted timeon him.A.should B.can C.would D.must

34.After theviolent earthquakethat shookLos Angelesin1994,earthquake scientistshad goodnews toreport:（死亡人数）the damageand deathtoll muchworse.A.must havebeen B.should havebeenC.could havebeen D.neednt havebeen

35.It isunfair thatsuchanice personlike Janelose herjob.She worksso hard!A.can B.may C.should D.shall

36.Iraq Pavilionwas openedtothepublic onemonth later,which thelast onetobeshown inthe WorldA.may beB.would beC.must havebeen D.should havebeen

37.the friendshipbetween ourtwo peopleslast forever!and withthis sincerehope,the presidentExpoin Shanghai.A.Would B.Could C.May D.Must

38.Bad managementand ineffectivegovernment safetysupervision wereto blamefor

11.15fire,for itconcludedhis speech.A.could beB.should beC.musthavebeen D.could havebeencompletely avoided.

39.-Thats Mr.Smith,the bankmanager,whos wearinga pairof shorts.-He onholiday.A.must beB.should havebeenC.might havebeenD.cant be

40.You forwhat youhavedone!”the bossthreatened oneoftheoffice workers.A.could bepunished B.shall bepunishedC.will havebeen punishedD.shall havebeen punished

41.Schools increaseinput inmoral educationand tryto buildthe atmosphereof beinggrateful.A.must B.may C.need D.can

42.-Look!The girlpassing bymust bea newcomer!-No,she bea newcomer.Tm sureitisatleastone yearsince shecame tolive here.

43.The Britishpublic worryaboutthefees forthe weddingof PrinceWilliam formost ofthe expenseswillbe paidby theroyal family.A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.couldnt

44.As youworked lateyesterday,youhavecome thismorning.A.wouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt

45.Oh.My goodness!You arestill workingon theassignment.It twodays ago.A.musthavebeen handed in B.cant havebeen handedinC.should havebeen handedin D.shouldnt behandedin

46.Smith quittedhis job,which Isuppose somethingtodowith thefall ofthe salesinthepast fewmonths.A.may havehad B.couldnt havehad C.neednt havehad D.shouldhavehad

47.Even thoughfaraway^countries nowseem closer,thanks toair travel,they stillbe differentfromyour homecountry.A.must B.may C.should D.shall

48.Lisa wellnot wanttogoonthetrip-she hatestraveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may一

49.Im sorry.I atyoutheother day.一Forget it.T wasa bitoutofcontrol myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt haveshoutedC・mustnt shoutD.mustnt haveshouted

50.it havebeen wrongdirections fromthe controlroom thatcaused theair crashA.Must B.Could C.Would D.Should一

51.We didnot seehim atthe lectureyesterday.-You him,since Iwenttoan internationalconference withhim.A.mustnt haveseen B.cant haveseenC.couldnt seeD.neednt haveseen

52.-Hows yournew job,Tom Iremember whenit wasthatyoustarted it.-I startedit halfa yearago.A.shouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt

53.I worryabout myweekend-I alwayshave myplans readybefore itcomes.。