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小学英语语法及习题
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,po1icewoman-po1icewomen,mouse-mice child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I himthis herwatchchild photodiary dayfoot bookdresstooth sheepbox strawberrythief______yo-yo_____peach______sandwichman womanpeiper_juice_—water________milk_________rice___________tea_
二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1]一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态如The skyis blue.天空是蓝色的
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作如:I getup atsix every day.我每天六点起床
3.表示客观现实如The earthgoes aroundthe sun.地球绕着太阳转一般现在时的构成
1.be动词主语+be am,is,are+其它如I ama boy.我是一个男孩
2.行为动词主语+行为动词+其它如We studyEnglish.我们学习英语当主语为第三人称单数he,she,it时,要在动词后加〃-s〃或如:Marylikes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化否定句主语+be+not+其它如:He isnot aworker.他不是工人一般疑问句Be+主语+其它如-Are youa student-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句如Where ismy bike
2.行为动词的变化否定句主语+don,tdoesn,t+动词原形+其它如:I dontlike bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句如He doesn,t often play.一般疑问句Do Does+主语+动词原形+其它如-Do youoftenplayfootball-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句如-Does shego towork bybike-Yes,she does./No,she doesn*t.特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句如How doesyour fathergo towork动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,力口一es,如guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如study-studies一般现在时用法专练
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink______go___________staymake__________look havepass carrycomewatch plantfly_study brushdo teach
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.He oftenhave dinnerat home.
2.Daniel andTommy bein ClassOne.
3.We notwatch TVon Monday.
4.Nick notgo tothe zooon Sunday.
5.______they likethe WorldCup
6.What theyoften doon Saturdays
7.your parentsread newspapersevery day
8.The girlteach usEnglish on Sundays.
9.She andI takea walktogether everyevening.
10.There besome waterin thebottle.
11.Mike________like cooking.
12.They havethe samehobby.
13.My auntlook afterher babycarefully.
14.You alwaysdoyour homeworkwell.
15.I beill.I mstaying inbed.
16.She goto schoolfrom Mondayto Friday.
17.Liu Taodo notlike PE.
18.The childoften watchTV in the evening.
19.Su Haiand SuYang(have)eight lessonsthis term.
20.—What day(be)it today—It sSaturday.按照要求改写句子
1.Daniel watchesTV everyevening.(改为否定句)
2.I domy homeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
3.She likesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
4.Amy likesplaying computergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
5.We goto schoolevery morning.(改为否定句)
6.He speaksEnglish verywell.(改为否定句)
7.I liketaking photosin thepark.(对划线部分提问)
8.John comesfrom Canada.(对划线部分提问)
9.She isalways agood student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
10.Simon andDaniel likegoing skating.(改为否定句)
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.Is yourbrother speakEnglish
2.Does helikes goingfishing
3.He likesplay gamesafter class.
4.Mr.Wu teachsusEnglish.
5.She don,t doher homeworkonSundays.
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为疑问词+be+主语+动词ing但疑问词当主语时其结构为疑问词+be+动词ing动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如make-making,taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再力口ing,如run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词play runswim makegolike writeskireadhave singdanceputsee buylovelive takecome getstopsit beginshop
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空
1.The boy______drawa picturenow.
2.Listen.Some girls________________singin the classroom
3.My mothercooksome nicefood now.
4.What youdonow
5.Look,Theyhave anEnglish lesson.
6.They not,water theflowers now.
7.Look!the girlsdanceintheclassroom.
8.What isour granddaughterdoing Shelistentomusic.
9.Tt s5o clocknow.Wehavesupper now
10.Helen(wash)clothes Yes,she is.
三、句型转换
1.They aredoing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
2.The studentsare cleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
3.I mplaying thefootball inthe playground.(对划线部分进行提问)
4.Tom isreading booksin hisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)
四、将来时
一、概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事句中一般有以下时间状语tomorrow,next day(week,month,year…),soon,the day after tomorrow(后天)等
二、基本结构
①be going to+do;
②will+do.
三、否定句在be动词am,is,are后加not或情态动词will后加not成wonto例如I mgoing tohave a picnic thisafternoon.I mnot going to havea picnic thisafternoon.
四、一般疑问句be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换例如We are going to go on an outing this weekend.-*Are yougoing togoonanoutingthisweekend
五、对划线部分提问一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况
1.问人Who例如I mgoing toNew Yorksoon,fWho s going toNew Yorksoon.
2.问干什么What…do.例如My fatheris goingtowatch arace withme thisafternoon,fWhat isyour fathergoing todo withyou thisafternoon.
3.问什么时候When.例如She,sgoing to gotobed atnine.—When isshe goingtobed
六、同义句be going to=willI amgoingtogo swimmingtomorrow明天.=I willgo swimmingtomorrow.练习填空
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊I haveapicnicwith myfriends.I haveapicnicwith myfriends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球What____________________________________________________next MondayIplay basketball.What youdo nextMonday Iplay basketball.
3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果your mothergo shoppingthisYes,she.She_____________buy somefruit.
4.你们打算什么时候见面What timeyou meet改句子
5.Nancy isgoingtogo camping.(改否定)Nancy goingtogocamping.
6.r11go andjoin them.(改否定)I go_______________join them.
7.Im goingto getup at6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)to getup at6:30tomorrow
8.We willmeet atthe busstop at10:
30.(改一般疑问句)meet atthe busstop at10:
30.
9.She isgoingtolisten tomusic afterschool.(对划线部分提问)she afterschool
10.My fatherand motheraregoingto seeaplay theday aftertomorrow.(同上)goingtosee aplay thedayaftertomorrow全身心记忆法根据测试,参与记忆单词的器官和身体部位越多,单词在大脑中的印象就越深刻,记忆的时间也就越长边读边写边记,除读记所使用的发音器官和身体的其它部位外,大脑中枢还要指挥大臂带动小臂,小臂带动手掌,手掌带动手指,从而正确地书写单词这种方法避免了〃小和尚念经〃,因为只要注意力不集中,书写马上就出错书写既是大脑中枢的执行行为,又是大脑中枢的监察器联系记忆法联系记忆法就是在记忆单词的过程中,不去孤立地记一个词或词组,而是把它与同义词、反义词、相关词、句、篇等联系起来记忆同义记忆与近义记忆掌握一个词或词组的同义词和近义词或者其解释是掌握该语言重要的一环只有这样,才能初步做到用英语进行思维,而用英语思维是掌握英语的一个标志同类记忆与比较记忆同类记忆的涵盖面很广,如词性同类、动物同类、植物同类、事情同类、物品同类等如我们可以把边际从属连词放在一起记忆比较记忆是把词形相近或意义相近的词放在一起对比记忆这样记忆可以辨别词义,准确使用词汇联想记忆〃联想是钓钩,在茫茫的艺海中,它能准确地钩住你所识记的事物〃联想越丰富,越多彩,记忆的艺术也就越高超记忆以联想为基础;联想又是记忆的一种方法联想又分为类似联想、类别联想和词、句、篇联想无意识记忆法无意识记忆并不是无注意力记忆,而是时间分散记忆这种方法特别适合于工作忙碌的人首先准备一个袖珍笔记本,将要记忆的单词写在笔记本上只要有时间就拿出来读读这些单词见多了对你就会产生感情,你一定能记住,因为每读记一遍,就在你的大脑中加深一层印象这样记忆的单词可长久不忘,并能随时想起,是一种很好的长时记忆法构词记忆法利用英语词汇的构词规律,内在结构记忆单词是一种理性地使自己词汇量膨胀起来的方法英语单词是由词素构成的,词素分为自由词素和粘附词素记忆单词主要是记自由词素,因为有些自由词素可以充当词根,词根加词缀构成许多派生词构词法主要有三种转化、合成和派生。