英语必修ⅳ译林牛津版unit1 直接间接引语点睛学案

Unit oneAdvertising语法点津直接叙述的话语，即直接引语direct speechdirect narrationthe styleused inwriting toreportwhat someonesaid byrepeating theiractual words.转告引述的话语，即间接引语reported speechindirect speechthe styleused inwriting toreportwhat someonesaid withoutrepeating theiractual words.Notes:引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时，通常用或引导，而引述选择疑问句时，一般只

1.whether if能用引导whetherEg:“Does hereally meanit----1wondered whether/if hereally meantit.“They livein groups,dont they----He askedwhether/if theylived ingroups.“Is this book yoursor his---She askedme whetherthisbookwas mineor his.引述特殊疑问句时，用原句中的.词引导

2.wh〃E.g.:Why didntyou stopher”----He askedwhy Ihadn/t stoppedher.引述陈述句时，用连词引导在口语中常被省略

3.that thate.g.:He said,zzl likeit very much.---He said that heliked itverymuch.Ive leftmy book in yourroom.”■代--He toldme thathe hadIe hisbookinmy room.引述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变成带的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意

3.to思加上等动词，如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加上tell,ask,order notShe said tous,Please sit down/----She askedus tositdown.He saidto him,“Go away!”----He orderedhim togo away.He said,Dont make so much noise,boys.”----He toldthe boysnot tomakesomuchnoise.在将直接引语变成间接引语时要特别注意几个变化人称的变化间接引语是转述别人的话，说话时由于角色的不同，人称代词要根据实1际情况作相应的变化e.g.Mr Blacksaid/Im busy/----Mr Blacksaid thathe wasbusy.“Do youmind myopening allyour windows”he askedus.--一He askedus ifwe mindedhis openingall ourwindows.时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的谓语动词2在时态方面要作相应的变化中主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化直接引语转换成间接引例句语时时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时oHe said,Im afraid1cant He said thathe wasafraid he一般过去时finish thiswork.couldnt finishthat work.现在进行时㈡He said,Im using the He said thathe wasusingthe过去进行时knife.knife.现在完成时㈡She said,1have notheard She said that she hadnot过去完成时from him since May.heard fromhimsinceMay.一般过去时㈡He said;1came to help He said thathe hadcome过去完成时you.tohelpme.过去完成时㈡He said,1had finishedmy He said thathe hadfinished过去完成时不变homework before supper.his homeworkbeforesupper.一般将来量㈡Zhou Lan said,Ill do it ZhouLansaid that she would过去将来时after class.doitafter class.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化2直接引语转换成间接引例句语时的变化直接引语间接引语this thatShe said,1will comethis Shesaid that she would go thattheseO thosemorning.morning.Hesaid/These booksare Hesaid thatthose bookswere his.now Othenmine.Hesaidthat itwas nine oclockHe said,It isnineoclocknow.then.口today that dayHe said,1havent seenher Hesaidthathe hadntseen hertoday.thatday.yesterday Qthe dayShesaid,1went there Shesaidthatshehad gonethere口before tomorrowthe yesterday.the daybefore.next followingdayhereShesaid,“Ill go there Shesaidthatshewouldgothere匚there tomorrow.”the nextfollowing day.Hesaid,My sisterwas hereHesaidthat hissister hadbeencome㈡go threedays ago.11there threedays before.Shesaid,1will comehere thisShesaidthatshewouldgothereevening.that evening.。