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独立主格结构复合结构.高中语法知识点与写作的衔接with(译林版)2020【年月浙江四校高三联考英语】20235读后续写范文里面有这句话汗水顺着脸往下流,我深吸了一口气,让自己Sweat tricklingdown myface,T tooka deepbreath tocalm myself.平静下来带着对With faithin eachother andwith focuson thetask,we builtour tower.Eventually,I becamea casteller!彼此的信任和对任务的专注,我们建造了我们的塔最终,我成为了一名脚轮手!届高三全国第七次百校大联考试题英语】[2023读后续写范文里面有这句话我几乎哭了,一股暖流在我的身体I almostburst intotears,with astream ofwarmth spreadingthrough mybody.里蔓延届如皋高三年级模】
120233.5应用文写作范文里面有这句话随着With EndangeredSpecies Dayapproaching,Im writingto appealto allof youto protectwild animalsand plants.濒危物种日的临近,我写信呼吁大家保护野生动植物读后续写范文里面有这句话伴随着砰砰的心跳和冰冷潮湿With apounding heartand cold,moist palms,I foundit wasgetting hardto breathe.的手掌,我发现呼吸越来越困难【届山东省新高考联合质量测评高三月联考英语试题】20233读后续写范文里面有这句话她站在那里,眼里口禽着泪水She stoodthere with tears wellingup in her eyes.届盐城市高三年级三模】L2023读后续写范文里面有这句话特鲁迪睁大眼睛看着她Trudy staredat herwith eyeswide open.特鲁迪脸上洋溢着兴奋,她把夹克挑了Excitement shiningon her face,Trudy pickedthe jacketout,posing atease.出来,摆出轻松的姿势【山东省潍坊市学年高三下学期月学科核心素养测评英语试题】2022-20233读后续写范文里面有这句话一One littleboy wipedhis handsrepeatedly on his coatbefore takingover thesoft blanket,a broadsmile onthis face.个小男孩在接过柔软的毯子之前,在外套上反复擦拭双手,脸上露出灿烂的笑容【苏州市届高三考前英语练习卷】2023应用文写作范文里面有这句话With ourvisit to“Suzhou AncientCity Wallsapproaching,I callon everyone to takean activepart inprotecting them.随着我们参观“苏州古城墙”的临近,我呼吁大家积极参与保护它们读后续写范文里面有这句话One of them,a younglady,held outher glovedhand,with mylost keyshanging fromher fingerand agiant smileon其中一位年轻女士伸出戴着手套的手,手指上挂着我丢失的钥匙,脸上挂着灿烂的笑容!herface!独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语)构成独立主格结构没有主语和谓语,所以在语法上不是句子但多有名词或代词表示的逻辑主语,分词或不定式表示的逻辑谓语,有时还有其他修饰成分(判断一个结构是否是句子的标准就是看看这个结构是否有谓语动词)这种结构通常在句子中起方式、时间、原因、条件等状语或状语从句的作用,主要用于书面语使用动词非谓语形式的独立主格结构可以改为句子形式(从句):独立主格结构加上连词,非谓语动词改为谓语动词形式,这样就成为从句了先看下面两个句子总经理走进来,我们开始开会
1.The managerarriving,we beqanthe meeting.她的钱包被偷,她不能购买这些玫瑰花
2.Her walletstolen,she couldntbuy theroses.两句话中加粗的部分就是独立主格结构,简单来说,独立主格结构=名词/代词+非谓语动词通常,一个英语句子(这里指简单句、分句或者小句)里,只能有一个谓语,也就是只能有一个动词做谓语如果在一个句子里,有两个及两个以上动词,那么只能有一个动词是谓语,其余动词都应该改为和to do,doing的非谓语形式done例如:今天星期天,图书馆不开放Today beingSunday,the libraryisnt open.=As Sincetoday isSunday,the libraryisnt open.没有汽车了,我们只好坐出租车了There beingno buses,we had to takea taxi.二Because therewere no buses,we had to takea taxi..信号发出后,公共汽车就启动了The signalgiven,the busstarted=After thesignal wasgiven,the busstarted.The mid-term examinationis over,the end-of-term examinationto come two months later.期中考试结束了,两个月之后进行期末考试.=The mid-term examinationis over,and theend-of-term examinationis to cometwomonthslater.如果天气允许的话,我们就去参观长城Weather permitting,we11visit theGreat Wall.=If weatherpermits,we11visit theGreat Wall.注意:表示伴随的独立主格结构,有时可以用引出,二者的意思是一样的,结构更加口语化,更加常with with用.她眼里含着泪水,离开了办公室She leftthe officewithtearsin her eyesThe teacherwalked into the classroom,with aruler underhis armand somebooks in his hand.老师胳膊底夹着着一把尺子,手里拿着几本书,走进了教室The teacherwalked into the classroom.He washolding aruler underhis armand somebooks inhis hand..由这孩子领路,我们毫不费劲地找到他的家With the boy leading the way,we foundhis housewith nodifficulty有他给我们带头,我们一定能搞好With himto giveus alead,our teamis boundto turnout well.独立主格结构的构成:主要有以下几种:、名词/代词+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)1e.g.Time permitting=If timepermits,we willgo for an outingtomorrow.、名词/代词+过去分词表示被动和已完成2e.g.The problems solved=As theproblems weresolved,the qualityhas beenimproved.、名词/代词+不定式表示将要发生的动作3e.g.His friendsto cometonight,he isbusy preparingthe dinner=His friendsare goingtocometonight sohe isbusy preparingthedinner.、名词/代词+形容词或副词常用来说明名词的性质,特征或所处的状态4e.g.So many people absent,the meetinghadtobe calledoff.=Because somanypeoplewere absent,the meetinghadtobecalled off.Nobody in,he lefta messageon theboard.、名词/代词+介词短语5e.g.He wentinto the classroom,book inhand.=He wentinto the classroom and a bookis inhis hand.、名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/不定时6with/without+e.g.With hisson sodisappointing,the oldman feltunhappy.He sat atadesk with his attentionfixed ona book.I cantgo outwith all these clothesto wash.、名词7It being+e.g.It beinga holiday,all theshops wereshut.、8there+being/having beene.g.There beingno furtherbusiness,1declare the meeting closed.【练习】
二、用独立主格结构改正下列句子1Being cold,he putonhisovercoat.---It beingcold,...2Being nobus,we hadto walkhome.-There beingnobus,...3Getting colder,same birdsare flyingaway tothe south.---It gettingcolder,...4Being ill,Mr.Li taughtthe lessonin placeof Mr.Wang.---Mr.Wang beingill,Mr.Li taught..5Asia isthe largestcontinent,being about43million squarekilometer.its sizearea beingabout
43....
三、用独立主格结构将括号内的汉语译成英语填空手里拿着一个大苹果.1Lily entered theroom,()——with abig appleinhis hand.)(下课了),2the childrenran outoftheclass room.-The classbeing over)(鼻子冻得通红).3The littlegirl waitedat thebus stopforalong time,-her nosered withcold)(从福州来的火车)4Here comesthe Shanghaitrain,-the Fuzhoutrain tocome halfan hourlater.)(谁也没有什么可说的),5themeetingwas closed.----Nobody havingany moreto say.复合结构with【高考考向】考查形式语法填空,短文改错,书面表达主要考查的复合结构,以及做介词时候的在语法填空中的用法With with的复合结构,在书面表达中的熟练运用可以让句子表达更加高级with所谓的复合结构,就是宾语+补语”这个结构在句子中充当状语,也有少数情况下作定语该结with“with+构中,补语(宾语补足语)可能呈现为以下几种形式形容词
1.with thedoor open汕她坐在窗边,脸色苍白She satbeside thewindow,w herface pale.他急匆匆地出去了,门开着He wentout ina huny,with thedoor open.副词
2.with theclass over一个男孩站在教室外面,低着头A boystood outsidetheclassroom,withhishead down.会议结束了,所有的学生回了教室With themeeting over,allthe students wentbacktotheclassroom.介词短语
3.with abook inhand.心理忐忑不安,我深深地吸了一口气With butterfliesin mystomach,I breatheddeeply.手里拿着一本书,老师进了教室With abook inhishand,the teacherenteredtheclassroom不定式、现在分词和过去分词
4.)不定式用来表示动作还没发生,即表将来:1With lotsof workto do,I haveto stayat home.有这么多功课要做,他不能出去玩With somuch homeworkto do,he cantgo out to play..由于没有人可求助,他感到非常沮丧With noonetoturn to,he feltvery upset)现在分词表的宾语和其补语之间是主动关系,动作正在进行,简言之,现在分词表主动、表进行2withWith allthestudentslooking athim,he feltnervous.有男孩引路,我们很容易就到达了那个村庄We reachedthe villageeasily withtheboyleadingtheway..在同学们的欢呼声中,他第一个With hisclassmates cheeringfor him,he becamethe firstto gettothefinishing line到达终点)过去分词表后的宾语与其补语间是被动关系,强调被动、强调动作已完成3withWith hishomework finished,he wentouttoplay.问题解决了,他如释重负With theproblemssolved,he wasrelieved.汕.作业提前做完了,他被允许看电视W hishomework finishedahead oftime,he wasallowed towatch TV注意点)该结构的重点考点在现在分词和过去分词上1()With hiseyes fixon thewall,he keptsilent.【解析】行意为,,使集中%因此,“他的眼睛”是被集中在墙上,和之间是被动关系,所以填x hiseyes fixed()With manypeople waitfor her,she hadto runfast.【解析】和之间是主动关系,所以填people waitwaitingo)该结构的另一个考点在身上语法填空中会将挖掉,要求考生填入该介词2with with一般情况下,高中所涉及的后面可以跟“宾语+补语”结构的介词只有一个,所以,只要空格后面是“宾语with+补语”的复合结构,空格处如需介词,应是with。