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月大学英语四级考试真题（第12请于正式开考后半小时内完毕该某些，之后将进行听力考试Part IWriting30minutesDirections:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite anessay.Suppose you have twooptions upongraduation:one isto takea jobin acompany and the otherto goto agraduate school.You areto makea choicebetweenthe two.Write anessay toexplain thereasons foryour choice.You shouldwrite at least120words butno more than180words.Much controversyhas beenaroused aboutwhether the students shouldfind a job orstart their own businessaftergraduation.Taking alook around,we canfind that some graduatesbustle aroundjob markets,while otherschoose toruna shopon TMall.However,I preferthe formerchoice.From myperspective,there aregood reasons to find ajobin thefirst severalyears aftertheir graduation.First andforemost,if agraduate intendsto accumulateworking experienceand learnfrom the seniors,it is advisable forhim to finda job.It is an undeniablefact that the theoreticalknowledge willprovide thegraduates with the abilityto considerthingscomprehensively,however,only underthe integrationwith practicecan therigid knowledgebe usefulfor theirfuturedevelopment.Inevitably,doing somethingsmall is the premiseof undertakingsomething great.Take JackMa,thefounder ofAlibaba andtaobao,for example.He alsofinds somejobs beforeestablishing hisown career,laying asolidfoundation forhis latersuccess.Consequently,it isof greatnecessity tofindajob aftergraduation.I firmlybelieve thatit willcontinue tobring aboutmorereturns to our lifeand future.Part IIListening Comprehension25minutesSection ADirections:In this section,you willhear threenews reports.At the end ofeach news report,you willhear twoorthree questions.Both thenews reportand the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoosethe bestanswer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then markthe correspondingletter on AnswerSheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are basedon thenews reportyou have just heard.
1.A Itwas going to berenovated.B Hecould nolonger paythe rent.C Itwas dangerousto live in.D Hehad soldit to the royalfamily.E challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditional一If anything,he said,the study_35—that genderplays avery importantrole in the braineven whenwe are notclear exactlyhow.”
35._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditionalSectionBDirections:In thissection,you aregoing toread a passage with ten statementsattached toit.Each statementcontainsinformation given in oneof theparagraphs.Identify theparagraph fromwhich theinformation isderived.Youmay choosea paragraphmorethan once.Each paragraphis markedwith a letter.Answer the questions bymarking thecorrespondingletter onAnswer Sheet
2.Can BurglarsJam YourWireless SecuritySystemAAny productthat promisesto protectyour homedeserves carefulexamination.So it isnt surprisingthat you11find plentyof strongopinions about the potentialvulnerabilities ofpopular home-security systems.入室盗窃BThe mostlikely typeof burglaryby faristheunsophisticated crimeof opportunity,usually involvingabroken windowor someforced entry.According to the FBI,crimes like these accountedfor roughlytwo-thirds of allhousehold burglariesin theUS in.The widemajority of the restwere illegal,unforced entriesthat resultedfromsomething likea windowbeing leftopen.The oddsof criminalusing technical means tobypass a security systemare sosmallthattheFBI doesnt eventrack thosestatistics.COne of the main theoretical home-security concernsis whetheror nota givensystem isvulnerable tobeing入室盗贼blocked fromworking altogether.With wiredsetups,the fearis that a burglarmight be able toshut yoursystemdown simplyby cuttingthe rightcable.With a wireless setup,you stickbattery-powered sensorsup aroundyourhome thatkeep aneye onwindows,doors,motion,and more.If theydetect something wrong whilethe system is armed,they11transmit a wireless alertsignal to a basestation thatwill thenraise thealarm.That approachwill eliminatemost一cord-cutting concernsbut what about theirwireless equivalent,jamming Withthe rightdevice tunedto therightfrequency,what sto stopa thieffrom jammingyour setupand blockingthat alertsignal fromever reachingthe basestationDJammingconcerns are nothing new,and they renotunique tosecurity systems.Any devicethat sbuilt toreceivea wirelesssignal ata specificfrequency canbe overwhelmedby astronger signalcoming inon thesamefrequency.For comparison,let ssay youwanted to“jam”a conversationbetween twopeople——all youd need to doisyell in the listeners ear.一ESecurity devicesare required to listthe frequenciesthey broadcaston thatmeans thata potentialthief canfindwhat theyneed toknow withminimal Googling.They will,however,need toknow whatsystem theyre lookingfor.Ifyou have a signin youryard declaringwhat setupyou use,that dpoint themin theright direction,though atthat point,we retalking about a highlytargeted,semi-sophisticated attack,and notthe sortof forced-entry attackthat makesup themajority of burglaries.It,s easiertofindand acquirejamming equipmentfor somefrequencies thanit isfor others.FWireless securityproviders willoften takesteps tohelp combatthe threatof jamming attacks.SimpliSafe,winner ofour EditorsChoice distinction,utilizes aspecial systemthatscapable ofseparating incidentalRF interference推送警from targetedjammingattacks.When the system thinksit sbeing jammed,it11notify youvia pushalert报.From there,it sup toyou tosound thealarm manually.GSimpliSafe wassingled outin onerecent articleon jamming,complete with a videoshowing the entire systembeingeffectively bypassedwith handheldjamming equipment.After takingappropriate measureto contain the RFinterferenceto ourtest lab,we testedthe attackout forourselves,and wereable toverify thatitispossible with the rightequipment.However,we alsoverified thatSimpliSafe,s anti-jamming systemworks.It caughtus in the act,sent analertto mysmartphone,and alsolisted ourRF interferenceon thesystem,s eventlog.The teambehind thearticle andvideo inquestionmake nomention of thesystem,or whetheror notit detectedthem.H Weliketheunique natureof thatsoftware.It meansthata thief likelywouldn t beableto Googlehow thesystemworks,then figureoutaway aroundit Evenif theycould,SimpliSafe claimsthat itssystem is always evolving,and thatit variesslightly fromsystem tosystem,which meansthere wouldntbea universalmagic formulafor crackingitOther systemsalso seemconfident on the subjectof jamming.The teamat Frontpointaddresses theissue ina blogonits site,citing theirown jamprotection softwareand claimingthat there aren tany documentedcases of a successfuljamattack sincethe companybegan offeringwireless securitysensors in the1980s.IJamming attacksare absolutelypossible.As saidbefore,withtheright equipment andtheright know-how,it,spossible tojam anywireless transmission.But howprobable isit thatsomeone willsuccessfully jamtheir wayinto yourhomeand stealyour stuffJLet,s imaginethat youliveina smallhome with awirelesssecurity setupthat offersa functionalanti-jammingsystem.First,athiefis goingto need to targetyour home,specifically.Then,hesgoingtoneed toknow thetechnicaldetails ofyour systemand acquirethe specificequipment necessaryfor jammingyour specificsetup.Presumably,youkeep yourdoors lockedat nightand whileyou*re away,so thethief willstill need to breakin.That meansdefeating thelocksomehow,or breakinga window.He11needtobe jammingyou atthis point,as abroken windowor openeddoorwould normallyrelease thealarm.So,too,would themotion detectorsin your home,so thethief willneedtocontinuejamming oncehesinside andsearching forthings tosteal.However,he,11needto do sowithout trippingtheanti-jamming system,the details of whichhe almostcertainly does not haveaccess to.K At theend of theday,these kindsof systemsare primarilydesigned toprotect againstthe sortof opportunisticsmash-and-grab attackthat makesup themajorityofburglaries.They realso only asinglelayer inwhat shouldideally beamany-sided approachto securingyourhome,one thatincludes commonsense thingslike soundlocks andproperexterior lightingat night.No systemis impenetrable,and nonecan promiseto eliminatethe worstcase completely.Everyone of them hasvulnerabilities thata knowledgeablethief couldtheoretically exploit.A goodsystemis one thatkeepsthat worst-case settingas improbableas possiblewhile alsooffering strongprotection inthe eventof aless-extraordinaryattack.
36.lt ispossible forburglars to make jammingattacks withthe necessaryequipmentandskill.【答案】I
37.Interfering with awirelesssecurity systemis similarto interferingwith aconversation.【答案】D
38.A burglarhas tocontinuously jamthe wirelesssecurity deviceto avoidtriggering thealarm,both insideandoutside the house.【答案】J
39.SimpliSafe providesdevices thatare ableto distinguishincidental radiointerference fromtargeted jammingattacks.【答案】F
40.Only avery smallproportion ofburglaries arecommitted bytechnicalmeans.【答案】B
41.It isdifficult tocrack SimpliSafeas itssystem keepschanging.【答案】H
42.Wireless deviceswill transmit signals soas to activate thealarm oncesomethingwrongis detected.【答案】C
43.Different measuresshould betaken toprotect ones homefrom burglaryin addition tothewireless securitysystem.【答案】K
44.SimpliSafe sdevice cansend awarning tothehouseowner scellphone.【答案】G
45.Burglars caneasily getasecuritydevice sfrequency byInternet search.【答案】ESection CDirections:There are2passages inthissection.Each passageis followedby somequestions orunfinishedstatements.For eachof themthere arefourchoices markedA,B,C andD.You shoulddecide on the bestchoice andmarkthe correspondingletter onAnswer Sheet2withasingle linethrough thecentre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are basedon thefollowing passage.As aperson whowrites aboutfood anddrink for a living,I couldnt tellyou thefirst thingabout BillPerry orwhetherthe beershe sellsare thatgreat.But Ican tellyou thatI likethis guy.That sbecause heplans toban tippinginfavor ofpaying hisservers anactual livingwage.I hatetipping.I hateit becauseitsan obligationdisguised as an option.I hateit forthe post-dinner mathit requiresof me.Butmostly,I hatetipping becauseI believeI wouldbe ina betterplace ifpay decisionsregarding employeeswere simplyleftup totheir employers,as isthe customin virtuallyevery otherindustry.Most ofyou probablythink that you hatetipping,too.Research suggestsotherwise.You actuallylove tipping!Youlike tofeel thatyou havea voicein how much moneyyour servermakes.No matterhow themath worksout,youpersistently viewrestaurants withvoluntary tippingsystems asbeing abetter value,which makesit extremelydifficult forrestaurantsand barsto doaway withthe tippingsystem.One argumentthatyoutend tohear alot fromthe pro-tipping crowdseems logicalenough:the serviceis betterwhenwaiters dependon tips,presumably becausethey seea benefitto successfullyveiling theircontempt foryou.Well,if thiswere true,we wouldall beslipping afew100-dollar billstoourdoctors on the wayout theirdoors,too.But asitturns out,waiters seeonlyatiny bumpin tipswhen theydo anexceptional jobcompared to a passableone.Waiters,keenobservers ofhumanity thatthey are,are catchingontothis;in onepoll,a full30%said theydidn tbelieve thejob theydidhad anyimpact on the tipsthey received.So comeon,folks:get onboard withditching theoutdated tipsystem.Pay alittle moreup-front foryour beerorburger.Support BillPerry spub,and anyother baror restaurantthat doesnt askyou todo drunkenmath.
46.What canwe learnabout BillPerry fromthe passageAHeruns apub thatserves excellentbeer.BHe intendsto getrid ofthe tippingpractice.C Hegives hisstaff aconsiderable sumfor tips.D Helives comfortablywithout gettingany tips.【答案】B
47.What isthe mainreason whythe authorhates tippingAItsets abad examplefor otherindustries.BIt addstotheburden ofordinary customers.C Itforces thecustomer tocompensate thewaiter.D Itposes agreat challengefor customerstodomath.【答案】C
48.Why domany peoplelove tippingaccording tothe authorATheyhelp improvethe quality oftherestaurants theydine in.BThey believewaiters deservesuch rewardsfor goodservice.CThey want to preservea wonderfultradition ofthe industry.DThey canhave somesay inhowmuchtheir serversearn.【答案】D
49.What havesome waiterscome torealize accordingtoasurveyAService qualityhas littleeffect ontip size.BIt is in humannature totry tosave on tips.C Tipsmake itmore difficultto pleasecustomers.D Tipsbenefit theboss ratherthan theemployees.【答案】A
50.What doesthe authorargue forinthe passageARestaurants shouldcalculate thetips forcustomers.BCustomers shouldpay moretips tohelp improveservice.CWaiters deservebetter thanjust relyingontipsfor aliving.DWaiters shouldbe paidby employersinstead ofcustomers.【答案】DPassage TwoQuestions51to55are basedon thefollowing passage.In the past,falling oil prices havegiven aboost tothe worldeconomy,but recentforecasts for global growthhavebeen toneddown,even asoil pricessink lowerand lower.Does thatmean thelink betweenlower oil prices andgrowthhas weakenedSomeexperts saythere arestill goodreasonstobelieve cheap oil shouldheat upthe worldeconomy.Consumershave moremoney in their pocketswhen theyre payingless atthe pump.They spendthat moneyon otherthings,whichstimulates theeconomy.The biggestgains goto countriesthat importmost oftheir oillike China,Japan,and India.But doesnttheextramoney inthe pocketsof thosecountries,consumers meanan equalloss in oil-producing countries,cancelling outthegains Notnecessarily,says economicresearcher Sara Johnson.Many oil producers builtup hugereserve fundswhen补prices werehigh,so whenprices fallthey willdraw on their reserves to supportgovernment spendingand subsidies贴for theirconsumers.,,But notall oilproducers havebig reserves.In Venezuela,collapsing oil prices havesent itseconomy into free-fall.Economist Carl Weinberg believesthe negativeeffects ofplunging oil prices areoverwhelming thepositive effectsof cheaper oil.The implicationis asharp declinein globaltrade,which hasplunged partlybecause oil-producing nationscan t affordto importas muchas theyused to.SaraJohnsonacknowledges thatthe global economic benefitfrom afall inoil pricestoday islikely lowerthan itwasinthepast.One reasonis thatmore countriesare bigoilproducersnow,so thenations sufferingfromtheprices dropaccount fora larger shareofthe global economy.Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,are actingcautiously withthe savingstheyregetting atthe gaspump,as thememoryoftherecent greatrecession isstill freshintheirmind.And anumber ofoil-producing countriesare trimmingtheirgasoline subsidiesand raisingtaxes,so thenet savingsforglobalconsumers isnot asbig asthe oilprice plungemightsuggest.
51.What doesthe authormainly discussinthepassageAThe reasonsbehind theplunge ofoilprices.BPossible waysto stimulate the global economy.CThe impactofcheapoil onglobaleconomicgrowth.DThe effectof fallingoilpriceson consumerspending.【答案】C
52.Why dosome expertsbelieve cheapoil willstimulatethe global economyAManufacturerscan produceconsumer goodsatamuch lowercost.BLower oilprices havealways given a bigboost tothe global economy.COil pricesmay riseor fallbut economiclaws arenot subjectto change.DConsumers willspend theirsavings fromcheapoilon othercommodities.【答案】D
53.What happensin manyoil-exporting countrieswhen oilprices godownAThey suspendimport ofnecessities fromoverseas.BThey reduceproduction drasticallyto boostoilprices.CThey usetheir moneyreservestoback upconsumption.DThey tryto stoptheir economyfrom goingintofree-fall.【答案】c
54.How doesCarlWeinbergview thecurrent oilprice plungeAItis onethat hasseen noparallel ineconomic history.BIts negativeeffects morethan cancelout itspositive effects.CIt stillhas achance togive risetoaboom intheglobaleconomy.DIts effectson theglobaleconomygo againstexisting economiclaws.【答案】B
55.Why havent fallingoilpricesboosted theglobaleconomyas theydid beforeAPeoplearenotspending allthe moneythey saveon gas.BThe globaleconomy islikely toundergo anotherrecession.COil importersaccountforalargerportion oftheglobaleconomy.DPeople theworld overare afraidofafurther plungeinoilprices.【答案】APart IVTranslation30minutesDirections:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes totranslate apassage fromChinese intoEnglish.You shouldwriteyour answeronAnswer Sheet
2.在中华人民共和国文化中，红色普通象征着好运、长寿和幸福在春节和其她喜庆场合，红色处处可见人们把钞票作为礼物送给家人或密切朋友时,普通放在红信封里红色在中华人民共和国流行另一种因素是人们把它与中华人民共和国革命和共产党相联系然而，红色并不总是代表好运和高兴由于从前死者名字惯用红色书写，用红墨水书写中华人民共和国人名被当作是一种冒犯行为【答案】In Chineseculture,red generallysymbolizes goodluck,longevity andwell-being.The colorof redcanbe foundeverywhere duringthe SpringFestival andother festiveoccasions.Cash givento familymembers orclosefriends asa giftis usuallywrapped ina redenvelop.Another reasonaccounting forthe popularityof red in Chinais thatpeopleassociate itwith Chineserevolution andthe CommunistParty ofChina.Red,however,doesnot alwaysrepresent goodluck andhappiness.Since the name ofthe deadwere usuallywritten inredinthepast,it isregardedasanoffense towrite downthenameofaChinese inred ink.【答案】c
2.A Astorm.B Astrike.C Aforest fire.D Aterrorist attack.【答案】AQuestions3and4are basedon thenews reportyou have just heard.
3.A Theylost contactwiththeemergency department.B Theywere injuredby suddenlyfalling rocks.C Theysent callsfor helpvia aportable radio.D Theywere trappedin anunderground elevator.【答案】D
4.A Theyprovided the miners withfood andwater.B Theysent suppliesto keeptheminerswarm.C Theyreleased thedetailsofthe accident.D Theytried hardto repairthe elevator.【答案】BQuestions5to7are basedon thenewsreportyouhave just heard.
5.A Raisepostage rates.B Improveits services.C Closesome ofits post offices.D Redesigndelivery routes.【答案】C
6.A Closingoffices onholidays.B Shorteningbusiness hours.C Computerizingmail sortingprocesses.D Stoppingmail deliveryon Saturdays.【答案】D
7.A Alot ofcontroversy willarise.BTaxpayers will be verypleased.C Manypeople will begin tocomplain.D Manypostofficestaff will lose theirjobs.【答案】DSection BDirections:In thissection,you willhear twolong conversations.At theend ofeach conversation,you willhearfour questions.Both theconversation andthequestionswill bespoken onlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoosethe bestanswer fromthe fourchoices markedA,By C andD.Then markthe correspondingletter onAnswerSheet1withasingle linethrough thecentre.Questions8to11are basedon theconversation youhave justheard.AA Hewilllosepart ofhis pay.B Hewill go through retraining.C Hewillbe givenawarning.D Hewillbekept frompromotion.【答案】A
9.A Heis anexperienced pressoperator.B Heisatrustworthy guy.C Heis alwayson time.D Heisongood termswith hisworkmates.【答案】B
10.A Sheisatrade unionrepresentative.B Sheisasenior manageroftheshop.C Sheis betterat handlingsuch matters.D Sheisincharge ofpublic relations.【答案】C1l.A Heis alwaystrying tostir uptrouble.B Heis skilledand experienced.C Heis veryclose tothe manager.D Heis alwayscomplaining aboutlow wages.【答案】AQuestions12to15are basedontheconversation youhave justheard.
12.A Open.B Reserved.C Selfish.D Friendly.【答案】B
13.A Theyread abook.B Theytalk aboutthe weather.C Theystay quiet.D Theychat withfellow passengers.【答案】C
14.A Shewas unwillingtomakefriends withworkmates.B Shewas neverinvited toa colleagues home.C Shewas eagerto visitan Englishcastle.D Shewas alwaystreated asa foreigner.【答案】B
15.A Housesare muchmore quiet.B Theywanttohave morespace.C Theywant agarden oftheirown.D Housesprovide moreprivacy.【答案】DSection CDirections:In thissection,you willhear threepassages.Attheendofeach passage,you willhear threeor fourquestions.Both thepassage andthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose thebestanswer fromthe fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Then markthe correspondingletter onAnswerSheet1witha single linethrough thecentre.Questions16to18are basedonthepassage youhavejustheard.
16.A Theywill automaticallybegivenhiring priority.B Theydon thave togothroughjob interviews.C Theyare likelyto getmuch higherpay.D Theydon thave muchchoice ofjobs.【答案】A
17.A Visitthe schoolcareers service.B Asktheir professorsfor help.C Lookat schoolbulletin boards.D Gothrough campusnewspapers.【答案】A
18.A Providingstudents withinformation aboutthe library.BHelping studentsarrange appointmentswith librarians.CSupervising studyspaces toensure aquiet atmosphere.DHelping studentsfind thebooks andjournals theyneed.【答案】CQuestions19to21are basedonthepassage youhavejustheard.
19.A Ittastes better.B Itmay besold ata higherprice.C Itis easierto grow.D Itcan bettersurvive extremeweathers.【答案】B
20.A Itcan growin driersoil.B Itis immuneto variousdiseases.C Itwill replacegreen teaone day.D Itis healthierthan greentea.【答案】D
21.A Itdoes nothaveastable market.B Ithas madetea farmerslife easier.C Itdoesnotbring thepromised healthbenefits.D Ithas beenwell receivedby manytea drinkers.【答案】AQuestions22to25are basedonthepassage youhavejustheard.
22.A Theycare moreabout environment.BThey decoratetheir homesthemselves.C Theyprefer uniqueobjects ofhigh quality.D Theyneed decorationsto showtheir status.【答案】C
23.A Theymade greatcontributions tosociety.8They couldonly tryto createat night.CThey wereproud oftheir creations.DThey focusedonthequalityoftheir products.【答案】B
24.A Identifyfake crafts.BMake wisechoices.CTo arousepublic interestin crafts.DTo boostthe localeconomy.【答案】B
25.A Toattract foreigninvestments.BTo preservethe traditionalculture.CDesign handicraftsthemselves.DLearn the importance ofcreation.【答案】DPart IIIReading Comprehension40minutesSection ADirections:In thissection,there isapassagewithtenblanks.You arerequiredtoselect oneword foreach blankfroma listof choicesgivenina wordbank followingthepassage.Read thepassage throughcarefully beforemakingyour choices.Each choiceinthebank isidentified byaletter.Please markthe correspondingletter foreach itemonAnswer Sheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.You maynot useany ofthe wordsinthebank morethanonce.Many menand womenhave longbought intothe ideathat thereare“male”and“female“brains,believing thatexplainsjust aboutevery differencebetween thesexes.A newstudy_26—that belief,questioning whetherbrains reallycanbe distinguished by gender.In the study,Tel AvivUniversity researchers_27—for sexdifferences throughouttheentirehuman brain.
27._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditionalAndwhat didthey findNot much.Rather thanoffer evidencefor_28_brains as“male”or“female,“researchshows thatbrains fallinto awide range,with mostpeople fallingright inthe middle.
28._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditionalDaphnaJoel,who ledthe study,said herresearch foundthat whiletherearesome gender-based——29manydifferent typesof braincantalways bedistinguishedbygender.
29.A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditionalWhilethe“average”male and“average”female brainswere_30—different,you couldnt tellit bylooking atindividualbrain scans.Only asmall_31—of peoplehad“all-male”or“all-female”characteristics.
30._____
31._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditional神经科学家，Larry Cahill,an Americanneuroscientist saidthestudyis animportant additiontoagrowing bodyofresearch questioning_32_beliefs aboutgender andbrain function.But hecautioned againstconcluding fromthisstudy thatall brainsare thesame,—33—of gender.
32._____
33._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizingE challengesFfigureG percentageHprovingI regardlessJsearchedK similaritiesLslightlyM suggestsNtastesO traditional“There sa mountainof evidence_34_theimportanceof sexinfluences atall levelsof brainfunction,M hetoldThe SeattleTimes.
34._____A abnormalBappliedC brieflyDcategorizing。
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