英语划分句子成分练习题及答案 2

英语划分句子成分练习题及答案

（一）句子成分的定义构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语

（二）主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首但在结构、疑问therebe句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示例如（名词）Duringthel990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（代词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（数词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（不定式）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（动名词）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（名词化的形容词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（主语从句）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.it

（三）谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后谓语的构成如下、简单谓语由一个动词或动词短语构成如1Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、复合谓语

（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成如（）由系动词力口表语构成Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.2如Wearestudents.-来源网络，仅供个人学习参考

（四）表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如等）之后表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、be,become,getjook,grow,turn,seem数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示例如（名词）OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（代词）Isityours（形容词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（分词）Thespeechisexciting.（数词）Threetimessevenistwentyone（不定式）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（爱好）（动名词）Hishobby isplayingfootball.（介词短语）Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（副词）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（表语从句）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.

（五）宾语宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面例如:（展览）（名词）Theywenttoseeanexhibition yesterday.（代词）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（数词）HowmanydictionariesdoyouhaveIhavefive.（名词化形容词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（不定式短语）Hepretendednottoseeme.（动名词短语）lenj oylisteningtopopularmusic.（）（宾语从句）Ithink thatheisfitforhisoffice.宾语种类

（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如2Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.

（六）宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整带有宾语补足语的一般句型为某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当例如（名词）HisfathernamedhimDongming.（形容词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（副词）Letthefreshairin.（不定式短语）Youmustn5tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（现在分词）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（介词短语）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（从句）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.

（七）定语修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语定语可由以下等成分表zK（形容词）Guilinisabeautifulcity.（分词）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcouiitry.（名词）TherearethirtywomenteachersisourschooL（代词）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（不定式短语）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（动名词）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（介词短语）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.

（八）状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语可由以下形式表示（副词及副词性词组）Lighttravelsmostquickly.（介词短语）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（不定式短语）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexaminatioii.（分词短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（名词）Waitaminute.（状语从句）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.状语种类如下（时间状语）Howaboutmeetingagainatsix（原因状语）Lastnightshedidn^tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（条件状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn^rain.（地点状语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（方式状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（伴随状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（目的状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothersjmustworkharder.（结果状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（让步状语）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（比较状语）lamtallerthanheis.练习

一一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分l.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.

2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.

3.1shallansweryourquestionafterclass.

4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!

5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.

6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.

7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.

8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonighL

9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.lO.Hiswishistobecomeascientist1l.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.

12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.

13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.

14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay

15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.

16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress

17.Hesattherereadinganewspaper.

18.1tisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.2O.Theapplestastedsweet.

二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语

（一）、谓语（=）、宾语（）〜IhopeyouareverywelLI!mfine buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandIfmhelpin9gmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest5soeverydaylworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStatesbutinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesnloftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult^wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.EveryevemngwepumpwaterfromawelLItthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.

三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语

一、状语=、补语〜MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty^evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutsideltfsgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat-vt becauseIh9avetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChinaWellJmuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivem

四、选择填空ybestregardstoyourparents.

1.willleaveforBeijing.C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow

2.Theweather.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold

3.Theappletasted.

4.Hegotup yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter

5.Theactor attheageof

70.

6.wereallverytired^butnoneof wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,oiirD.We,we

7.Hefoundthestreetmuch.

8.Ithink necessarytolearnEnglishwelL

9.Thedog mad.

10.1willneverforgettheday Ijoinedthearmy.练习

一一、、主语，定语；、间接宾语；、谓语，状语；、定语；、状语，状语；、定123456语，表语；、宾语，状语；、谓语，主语；、谓语；、主语，表语；、谓语，7891011宾语；、状语；、形式宾语，真正宾语；、宾语、定语；、插入语，状语；

12131415、宾语间宾+直宾；

17、状语，状语；、形式主语，表语，宾补；、宾补；、16181920表语

二、略

三、略

四、1〜5CBDBB6〜10ACBAB练习

二一、、简单句；、复合句；、简单句；、简单句；、并列句；、复合句；、并1234567列句；、复合句；、简单句；、简单句8910Ihopeyouareverywell（复合句）.11mfine,buttired（简单句）（并歹.RightnowitisthesummervacationandrmhelpingmyDadonthefarm U句）（简单.Augustisthehottestmonthhere句）（并歹!.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvestsoeverydaylworkfromdawnuntildark.J句）（简单Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors句）•WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates^butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（并列复合句）.Wehaveak）tofmachinesonthefarm（简单句）（复合.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim句）（简单.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest句）（简单.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden句）.Itdoesnftoftenraininthesummerhere（简单句）（简单.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden句）（简单.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell句）（简单句）..Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden（简单MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty^evenatharvesttime句）（简单句）..Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside（简单句）.Itfsgreat（简单句）!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion（简单句）（简单.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer句）.Idonft becauselhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty（复合9句）（简单.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates句）（简单.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates句）（简单.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime句）（简单.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina句）（简单句）WellJmuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents（简单句）•

三、1〜5ACADD6〜10BCBDC11〜15ADBCC16〜20ABADB21〜25DDDCD26〜30ADDBD。