北京市第一零一中学2024~2025学年高三上学期统练四英语试题

北京市第一一中学学年度统练02024-20254高三英语2024-10-15第一部分知识运用（共两节，分）30第一节完形填空（共小题，每小题分，共分）10L515阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将A BC D该项涂黑Olivia,9,was shyat first.She*d neverbeen on a horsebefore.So whenshe was asked to feed carrotsto thereddish-brown horsenamed Charlieonasummer Saturday,she approached1,unsure ofherself attimes,turning aroundto agroupof childrenwaiting fortheir turntofeedhim.舔Olivia eventuallymade it to thehorse*s mouthand Charlielicked herhands asshe2him hisfavorite treat.Olivia wasamused.“Thafs whatI calla an3said Sabrina,a socialworker who has teamedup with the communityorganizationAlkebu-lan Villageto helpchildren overcometheir problemsand keepthem onpaths to

4.“Fm excitedJ Oliviasaid smiling.I lovepettingThe programStop HorsingAround“at Alkebu-lan Villagewas launchedthis summerwith over a dozenkidssigning up.They weretaught how to approach,feed,brush,and mountthe horses5eventually theygot achance toridethem.By_6_the programshorses withSabrinas helpand forming7with them,children becomemore self-aware andthenbegin torecognize andface negativefeelings andbehaviors,which canhelp themcommunicate withothers andleadto significantpositive changesto their8skills,self-worth andbehavior issues.Sabrina firsttaught thechildren thatCharlie neededto become9with themby smellingtheir hands.Once Charliewascomfortable,the kidslearned howto pethis faceand head,and thenhowto use thelead rope,clean upCharliesmesses,and feedhim carrots.Olivia wasntthe onlykid whowas nervousand shyat thebeginning.But_ultimately Oliviaalso wasntthe onlykid

1.A.happily B.calmly C.slowly D.directly

2.A.fed B.left C.made D.threwto leavemore confident.Their10consistently turnedinto smiles,laughter andexcitement.

3.award Bexchange C.negotiation D.breakthrough

4.A.fame B.success C.freedom D.responsibility

5.A.before B.after C.as D.though

6.A.taking

8.walking withC.caring forD.responding tooverB.bonds C.judgements D.ideas

7.A.routines

8.A.technical B.survival C.social D.organizational

9.A.popular B.familiar C.satisfied D.patient

10.A.resistance B.disappointment C.misunderstanding D.hesitation第二节语法填空（共小题；每小题分，共分）10L515阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词1的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空AToo muchTV-watching canharm childrensability tolearn,new studiessuggest in the latesteffort toexamine theeffectsof televisionon children.One of the studieslooked atnearly400northern Californiathird-graders.Those withTVsin theirbedrooms scoredabout eightpoints

11.o-y onmath andlanguage artstest sthan children12perform TVs.A secondstudy,13look atnearly1,000grown-_ups inNew Zealand,found poorereducation levelsamong26-year-olds who14watch lotsof TVduring childhood.BFirst15create bySterling Mortonin1872,Tree Planting Day wasset inorder toinspire peoplespassions forplantingand protectingtrees,and toprotect andimprove the natural environment16people dependon fortheir living.InFebruary,1979,the5th NationalPeoples Congressof PeoplesRepublic ofChina madea resolutionthat March12hwould betaken asChinese TreePlantingDay.Since then,about50billion treesplant allover China.The dinnerparty is under threat,announced arecent lifestylecolumn inThe Times.You mightwonder,“How can、this beDon*t wethrow partiesfbr friendson specialoccasions^^But18The Timesworries aboutis anotherkind ofdisappearing.It isusually hostedin oneshome.Invitations jsettle outweeks in ad Vanceand thehosts preparefood20carceral.Yet nowadays,people preferto eattakeout foodon theirsofa whilejuggling amobile phoneand aremotecontrol.第二部分阅读理解共两节，分38第一节共小题；每小题分，共分14228阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑A BC DAAgadget whichmakes waterout of air could become thegreatest householdinvention sincethe microwave.除湿器，Using the same technologyasadehumidifier theWater Mill is ableto createa readysupply ofdrinkingwater becauseit canalways getit froman unlimitedsource—the air.The companybehind the machine saysnot onlydoes itoffer analternative tobottled waterin developedcountries,but it is asolution forthe millionswho facea dailywater shortage.The machineworks bydrawing inwet airthrough afilter andoveracooling instrumentwhich changesit into waterdroplets.It canproduce up to12liters aday.The WaterMill willalso producemore waterwhen stormspass over,as theamount of waterwhich iscontained in the airincreases.In keepingwith itseco-development,themachineuses thesameamount ofelectricity asthree lights.Inventor JonathanRitchey said:The demandfbr wateris offthe chart.So peopleare lookingfbr freedomfromwater distributionsystems that are shakyand unreliable.^^The machine,which is about3feet wide,is likelyto cosl£800when itgoes onsale herein thespring.Ils maker,Canadian FinnElement Four,roughly calculatesthataliter ofwatercosts around20ptoproduce.Environmentalists statethat halfthe worldspopulation willface watershortage because of climatechange by

2080.One infive issaid tolack access to safedrinking.The WaterMillisnot effectivein areaswhere theamount ofwater containedin theair isbelow about30percent,butin Britainthat wontbe muchof aproblem.

21.Who wouldbe mostlikely inneed ofThe WaterMillA.A householdwith highelectricity bill.B.Residents inan areawith frequentstorms.C.A personwhohas accesstowater forfree.D.Someone wholacks enoughdrinking water.

22.What dowe learnabout themachineA.It absorbssteam andturns itintowater.n Itis veryexpensive forfamilies to afford.C.It worksin thesame wayas microwaves.D.It helpsto make the waterclean todrink.

23.What isthe besttitle forthe passageA.A NewWay toSolve WaterProblemB.A Dehumidifierto ProduceWaterC.A Machineto MakeWater outof AirD.An AbsolutelyNew InventionBTwo-Man IronmanOnSept.17,2022,Jeff andhis son,Johnny,set outto begin the firstof threelegs ofthe Ironmancompetition,wherecompetitors mustcomplete a140miles ofswimming,bicycling andrunning inunder17hours.Not thatlong ago,Johnny（脑瘫）.could barelywalk afew stepsbecause hewas bornwith cerebralpalsy Buthis dream of beinga runnerneverstopped.From theday Johnny was born,Jeff refused to lethis sonsdisability holdhim back.Determined toshow Johnnythathe couldpursue his dreamofbeing anathlete,Jeff helpedhim engagein running.They beganwaking upat4a.m.so Jeffcouldrun whilepushing his son ina specialwheelchair calleda racing chair.Every morning,they drovethemselves torunincreasingly longerdistances.Soon,they wereentering5K races,then onto Ironmancompetition.Jeff wouldact asJohnnysarms andlegs,carrying theweight of hissonthroughout the race.The racebegan witha

2.4-mile swim.Settling Johnnyinto akayak,Jeffeased himselfinto thewater.Swimmingwhile dragginganother personwas verytough.But worstof all,Jeff hadto strugglewith jellyfish.“I occupiedmy mindbycounting thenumber（蛰）of timesI gotstung Jhe says.After thetwo mencompleted thetough bikesection inroughly ninehours,they settheir sightson thefinal legof therace-a

26.2-mile marathon.Theyd beencompeting for+

0.

5.hours,leaving another

6.5hours tomake theirtime.But atMile19,Johnny sawthe clockticking downand worriedthey wouldntmakethecutoff.Despite thetiredness,Jeff wasconvincedthey weregoing allright andthen pickedup thepace.With minutesleft and200feet tothe finish line,Jeff stoppedto helpJohnny outofhisracingchairand handedhimhis rollingwalker.After yearsof painstakingwork,Johnnywasdetermined tofinish hisraces onhis own.After16hours,55minutes and35seconds,the fatherand soncrossed thefinishlinetogether.As thecrowd cheeredon anoverwhelmed Johnny,a wearyJeff kepta lowprofile.My fatherdidnt wanthis finishlinemoment Jsays Johnny,tears ineyes.He wantedittobe mine.^^

24.Why didJeff leadJohnny torunningA.To getcloser toJohnny.B Tofulfill Johnny*sdream.C.To discoverJohnnys interest.D.To speedup Johnnysrecovery.

25.What challengedJeff mostin theswimming raceA.Lack ofenergy.R.Pain frominjuries.C.Mental tiredness.D.Body weightchange.

26.Which ofthe followingcan bestdescribe Johnnyaccording tothe passageA.Strong-willed andgrateful.B.Warm-hearted andsensitive.C.Patient andgenerous.D.Tough andhumorous.

27.What doesthe passagemainly tellusA.Actions speaklouder thanwords.B.Fathers arenot born;they aremade.C.The valueofaloving fatherhas noprice.D.Success comesfrom failuresalong thejourney.COf themore than3,000species of mosquitoes inthe world,just asmall numberspecialize insucking humanblood.How mosquitoestrack usdown soeffectively isntcurrently known,but itmatters,since theycarry dangerousdiseaseswhich maycause death.“In fact,stopping theseannoying insectsin theirtracks couldsave upto halfa millionlives lostto thosediseases eachyear,“said CarolynGauff,a professorof ecology andevolutionary biologyat thePrinceton NeuroscienceInstitute.Thafswhy Gauffsteam wantsto understandhow theyfind andtarget humans.（气味）.Mosquitoes mostlychoose whatto bitebased on odor Knowinghow apotentially disease-carryingmosquito findsa person,while ignoringother warm-blooded animals,isakey question.But itsnot easyto answer,sinceany animalsmell ismade upof hundredsof chemicalsmixed togetherin specificpercentage/The actualchemicals thatarefound in human odorare basicallythesameas thechemicals found in animalodor-its thepercentages andthe relativelargeamountofthose substancesin humanmixtures thafsunique Jsaid Gauff.To investigate,researchers decidedto recordneural activity inthebrain ofmosquitoes whileexposing themtonatural humanand animalodor samples.They collectedodor samplesfrom about40different animals.When theycomparedsome ofthose withthe16human samples,something jumpedout.Decanal isparticularly richin humanskin.Common inthenaturalworld,in humans,decanal comesfrom another,more complexsubstance.When onecomponent ofourskins naturaloils,sapience acid,breaks down,decanal isleft over.This acidis onlyfoundin human beings.It*s whatlikelyleads tothe highlevels ofdecanal thathelp the mosquitoes smelltheir waytous.Understanding whatthemosquitoes are targetingis onlypart ofthe story;knowing howthey doitisalso important.（转基因的）To seeexactly howmosquitoes usethis sense,scientists usedgenetically modifiedmosquitoes sothat theycouldcut openmosquitoes9heads andwatch neuronsfi ringwhen they*re exposedto humanand animalodors.Theresearch teamalready knewthat mosquitoeshave about60different typesof neuronsthat senseodors,so whentheylooked inthe insectsbrains,they thoughtthey mightsee alot ofactivity.But itwas surprisinglyquiet,meaning thatthesignal wasperhaps quitesimple,down tojust acouple typesof neurons/One typeof neuronresponded reallystrongly1o一both humansand animals.Another typeof neuronresponded toboth butit respondedmuch morestrongly to humansthan animalsJ Gauffsaid.How tokeep mosquitoes*decanal signalfrom beingtransmitted willbe theresearch teamsnext focus.Gauff hopedtheircurrent workcouldbeusedtomake mosquitokillers andattractants to prevent disease.

28.Whats thefinal purposeoftheresearch conductedby GauffsteamA.To studywhy onlycertain mosquitoessuck humanblood.B.To investigatethe neuralactivityinmosquitoes1brains.C.To helpprevent deadlydiseases causedby mosquitoes.D.To testthe effectivenessofmosquitokillers.（）

29.To whichsubstance swould mosquitoesmostly beattractedA.Natural oilfrom humanskin.B.Chemicals inthe environment.C.Decanal generatedinhumanblood.D.Remains ofdecomposed sapienceacid.

30.What canwe learnfrom thepassageA.Most mosquitoneurons arenot involvedin respondingto humanodor.B.Genetically modifiedmosquitoesarenot sensitivetohumanodor.C.Further researchwill focusonodorsignal andneural connection.D.Chemicals foundinhumanand animalodors arequite different.DThe start-up thatattracted thelargest investmentinthehistory ofcybersecurity,of morethan halfa billiondollars,hasasimple goal:a passwordless future.Despite thespread ofpassword managementsoftware that can generateand remembercomplicated stringsofrandom characters,some ofthe mostcommon passwordsare still”12345”,“password”and“iloveyou”.As aresult,morethan80percent ofhacks involvethese kindsof passwords;and passwordsremain the most sought-after databy hackers,above otherpersonal orsensitive information.In manycases,individuals aretricked intohanding overpassword detailsby phishingemails andother socialengineeringtechniques.Hackers havesought tobreak intoapps andsteal entirepassword databasesas well.Passwords arealsounder attackfrom newtechnology,such asautomated programsthatcanrapidly tryto guessthem,or cantry stolenpasswordson multipleonline accounts.Since theneed to replace theeasily forgottenand highlyhackable stringsof lettersand numbersthat weuse toaccesseveryday lifehas becomeeven moreurgent,theracetoreplacethe passwordisunderway,with biometricbased（基于生物识另的）ij securityemerging asone ofthemostsought-after solutions.According toTieo,a unionof more（身份验证）than250companies,which promotesa standardsystem ofpasswordless authentication,the vastmajority ofconsumerservices willoffer passwordlesslogin systemsinthenext coupleof years.If donecorrectly andsafely,biometrics arereally helpingus movetoapasswordlessfutureinarapid manner/*said AndrewJenkinson,CEO ofTieo.But thereare stillrisks associatedwiththeuseofbiometric authentication.Unlike passwords,biometrics cannotbechanged.This meanssuch datamust beclosely guardedfor privacypuiposes andtopreventspoofing——hackers tryingtotrick camerasor sensorswith photos,or masksof theirvictim/6Biometric authenticationand passwordlessauthenticationhas itsown attacksurface,said PaulSmith,director ofsecurity researchat CyberPek.His teamrevealed thatithad founda designproblem whichwould allowpotential attackersto bypassfacial recognitionlogin byinjecting aspoofedphoto ofa usersface intothe process.。