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小升初语法-名词（基础篇）考点一名词的分类名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人、地方、机构等的专有名称,如John,Shanghai普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名称，如worker,water□考点二名词的数名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词可数名词又可以分为单数和复数两种形式
1.名词复数的变化规则情况构成例词一般情况加-s girl-girls book-books以结尾的单纯词加-s,-sh,-x,-ch-es box-boxes watch-watches以辅音字母加结尾的单词变为再加-y yi,-es family-families baby-babies以或结尾的单词多数变或为再加-f-fe ffe v,-es life-lives knife-knivesradio-radios zoo-zoos有生命的加-esphoto-photos以一结尾的单词o无生命的加-stomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes
2.复合名词变复数一般只变后面的主体名词如apple trees特殊men teachers,women doctors
3.常见不规则名词的复数man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
4.不可数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词一般为不可数名词常见的不可数名词有meat,fish,beef,drink,coffee,milk,paper,earth,light,sand,sunshine,work,money,weather,information...考点三名词所有格
1.在英语中有些名词可以通过加“S”来表示所属关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格如Where*Lin Taosbike林涛的自行车在哪儿？
2.如果原词已经有复数词尾s,则仅仅加一个所有格符号“如the teachers*office老师的办公室
3.如果是复数，但不带词尾s,则仍然加“s如:those men*s hats那些男士的帽子
4.如果表示各自的所属关系时，名词末尾均需加飞”如Jims andKates glasses吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜
5.如果表示共同的所属关系时，仅在最后一词的末尾加卬s”如:Jim andKates kite吉姆和凯特的风筝两人共同拥有的
6.如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词如Shall wego toMeimeis forsupper我们一起到梅梅家去吃晚饭，好吗？
7.表示无生命的名词，常用“of+名词”表示所有关系如:This isa photoof myfamily.这是一张我家的全家福【经典例题】例1写出下列单数名词的复数形式pen-foot-tomato-leaf-［答案］pens feettomatoes leavesleaves［名师点拨］pen是一个规则名词，它的复数形式是直接在词尾加-s；foot为不规则变化的名词，它的复数形式是将00改为ee；tomato变复数时，应在词尾加-es；leaf以f结尾，其复数形式应变f为v,再加-es彳列2Fd likecoffee,please.A.cup B.cups C.a cup of［答案］c［名师点拨］coffee为不可数名词在表示量的时候要借助量词（名词短语）来修饰,因此应用“a cupof例3There area lotof childrenin thepark onDay.A.Children B.Childrens C.children［答案］B［名师点拨］children是child的复数形式，因为children不以s结尾，它的所有格形式为children、，又因“儿童节”是专有名词，所以它的首字母应大写例4—Is itthe twins*bedroom—Yes,it is.Its.A.Lucy andLilys B.Lucy andLily C.Lucy*s andLilys［答案］A［名师点拨］本题考查两者共同拥有一物时的所有格形式，表示两人共同拥有某物时，在后一个人名后加，s练习、写出下列名词的复数形式
1.orange_________
2.baby_________
3.monkey
4.piano_________
5.child_________
6.shelf___
7.bed_________
8.country_________
9.family_
10.toy_________
11.tooth_________
12.radio_
13.photo
14.tomato
15.woman
16.knife__________
17.sheep__________
18.ship—
19.dish
20.mouse
二、把下面方框中的词按要求归类pencil boxbag childdrink chairbread riceapple moneywater bananamilk dogjuice zoocoffeeshoe egg girl可数名词:________________________________________________________________不可数名词:______________________________________________________________
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.There arethreechair inthe classroom.
2.My fatherlikes to eatpotato.
3.Chinesepeople like toeatnoodles.
1.1have twopencil-box.
5.There aresomebus inthe street.
6.In autumn,you can see alot ofleafon theground.
7.There aresomeglass onthe table.
8.1have twosister.*9・teacher Dayis onSeptember10th.
10.Thechild areplaying footballnow.
四、单项选择
1.1can seethree inthe zoo.A.monkeyes B.monkeys C.monkeies
2.The pighas four.A.foot B.feet C.foots
3.My twobrothers are.A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen
4.1canseeten inthe picture.A.sheep B.dog C.pig
5.The hasthreeA.boys;watches B.boy;watchs C.boy;watches
6.Can yousee onthe plateA.bread B.breads C.breades
7.The girloften brushesher beforeshe goesto bed.A.tooth B.toothes C.teeth
8.Mr.Black drinkssome everymorning.A.milk B.milks C.milkes
9.There aresome onthe floor.A.child B.man C.books
10.-Canyouspeak-Yes,I can.A.China B.Chinese C.America
11.1want to drink two.A.cups of water B.cupofwater C.cups ofwaters
12.The catate twolast night.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse
13.1need apen andsome.A.pencils B.desk C.chair
14.They comefrom differentA.countrysB.countries C.country
15.How manycan yousee inthe pictureA.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato
16.There isno inthe bowl.A.apples B.oranges C.rice
17.1liketoeat cakewith.A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys
18.My roomis nextto thereading room.A.teacher B.teachefs C.teachers
19.The manwrites lotsof books.He isaA.secretary B.coach C.writer
20.—What wouldyou liketodrink—Id like.A.some hamburgers B.some fishC.some water
21.1have afew onthe desk.A.a storybookB.storybook C.storybooks
22.The womanin ablack dressis mother.A.Lucy andLily*sB.Lucys andLily C.Lucys andLily
23.—Would youlikebeef andnoodles—No.But Ilike noodleswith beefand.A.carrot;tomato B.carrot;tomatoes C.carrots;tomatoes
24.—Can Ihelp you,madam—I want.A.two boxesof appleB.two glassofwaterC.two bowlsof porridge答案——、
1.oranges
2.babies
3.monkeys
4.pianos
5.children
6.shelves
7.beds
8.countries
9.families
10.toys
11.teeth
12.radios
13.photos
14.tomatoes
15.women
16.knives
17.sheep
18.ships
19.dishes
20.mice
二、可数名词pencil boxbag childchair applebanana dogzoo shoeegggirl不可数名词drink breadrice moneywater milkjuice coffee
三、
1.chairs
2.potatoes
3.people
4.pencil-boxes
5.buses
6.leaves
7.glasses
8.sisters
9.Teachers
910.children
四、BBCACACACBABABBCABCC ABC。
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