还剩3页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
历届科目三高级英语简答题English Answer
1.Define“discourse analysis.Discourse analysisis aqualitative researchmethod thatseeksto understandhow languageis usedin socialinteractions.It examineshow languageis produced,interpreted,and usedtoconstruct meaningin differentcontexts.Discourse analysiscanbe appliedto awide rangeof socialsettings,includingconversations,interviews,speeches,and writtentexts.
2.Explain thedifference betweenemic andeticperspectives in anthropology.Emic andetic aretwo differentperspectives thatanthropologistsuse tostudy culture.The emicperspectivefocuses onunderstanding culturefrom theinside,from thepointof view of thepeople wholive withinit.The eticperspective,on theother hand,focuses onunderstanding culturefrom theoutside,from thepoint ofviewof an observerwho isnot amemberof theculture.
3.Describe thefour main components of the social structureof asociety.The fourmaincomponentsofthesocialstructureofasocietyare a.Social stratificationThe divisionof societyintodifferent socialclasses orstrata.b.Social mobilityThe movementof individualsor groupsbetweendifferent socialstrata.c.Social institutionsThe organizedpatterns ofsocialbehavior thatgovern asociety,such asthe family,the economy,and thegovernment.d.Social controlThe mechanismsthat regulatebehaviorinasociety,such aslaws,norms,and sanctions.
4.Explain theconcept ofncultural relativity.Cultural relativityis theprinciple thatcultures shouldbeunderstood intheir ownterms,rather thanbeing judgedagainstthe standardsof anotherculture.It recognizesthatthere isno singleHcorrectway tolive,and thatwhat isconsiderednormal oracceptable inone culturemay beconsideredstrange orunacceptable inanother.
5.Describe thethree main types of economic systems.The threemaintypesofeconomicsystems area.Traditional economiesEconomies inwhich production andconsumption arebased ontradition andcustom.b.Command economiesEconomies inwhich thegovernmentcontrols theproductionanddistribution of goods and services.c.Market economiesEconomies inwhich theproduction anddistributionofgoodsandservicesare determinedby theinteractionof supplyand demand.中文回答
1.定义“话语分析”话语分析是一种定性研究方法,旨在了解语言如何在社交互动中使用它研究语言是如何在不同语境中产生、解读和用来建构意义的话语分析可以应用于各种社交环境,包括对话、访谈、演讲和书面文本
2.解释人类学中的“内部”和“外部”视角之间的区别内部和外部是人类学家用于研究文化的两种不同视角内部视角侧重于从内部了解文化,从生活在文化中的人们的角度另一方面,外部视角侧重于从外部了解文化,从不是文化成员的观察者的角度
3.描述一个社会的社会结构的四个主要组成部分一个社会的社会结构的四个主要组成部分是:社会阶层,社会划分为不同的社会阶层或阶层社会流动,个人或群体在不同社会阶层之间的流动社会制度,管理社会的组织化社会行为模式,如家庭、经济和政府社会控制,规范社会行为的机制,如法律、规范和制裁
4.解释“文化相对论”的概念文化相对论的原则是应该按照自己的术语来理解文化,而不是根据另一种文化的标准来评判它它承认没有一种“正确”的生活方式,在一个文化中被认为正常或可以接受的东西在另一种文化中可能被认为奇怪或不可接受
5.描述经济体系的三种主要类型经济体系的三种主要类型是:传统经济,生产和消费基于传统和习俗的经济指令经济,政府控制商品和服务生产和分配的经济市场经济,商品和服务生产和分配由供求互动决定的经济。