高考英语长难句结构分析十二讲义

年高考英语长难句结构分析十二

20251.Obama administrationshowed itssympathy for the innocentpeople who survived the natural tragedy,forted themand encouraged them to rebuild their homeland with American spirit,promising that thegovernment would continue to offer the rescue and financial support.奥巴马政府对在自然灾害中幸存下来的无辜百姓深表同情，安慰并鼓励他们要怀着美国精神重建家•结r=i,他们承诺政府会一直提供救援和经济救援构分析:连词个14引导定语从句@who前省略其连接并列谓语动词和2forted and,showed forted连接并列连词和

③and fortedencouraged引导宾语从句©that⑵五种简单句结构有个5主胃宾1Obama administrationshowed itssympathy,i主胃宾2Obama administrationforted them,i主谓宾宾补3Obama administrationencouragedthem to rebuildtheir homeland,主谓宾4whosurvivedthenaturaltragedy,主谓宾5the governmentwouldcontinueto offerthe rescueand financialsupport,⑶非谓语动词个3作宾语的补足语

①torebuildtheirhomeland with Americanspirit them作伴随状语2promising that,作谓语动词的宾语

③to offertherescueandfinancialsupport continue★缩句为Obama administrationshowed itssympathy,forted themand encouragedthemtorebuild theirhomelandwithAmericanspirit•词汇短语管理，行政，实施，执行，政府1administration nToo muchtime isspent onadministration.在管理上花费了太多时间Standards in the administrationof justicehave degenerated.执法标准下降了OLeary servedin federalenergy postsin boththe Fordand Carteradministrations.在福特和卡特两届政府执政期间，奥利里都在联邦能源机构中任职同情，支持，赞同，志同道合，意气相投@sympathy n.同情的，支持的，有同情心的，表示同情的，赞同的，让人喜欢的，招人喜爱的sympathetic adj.I haveno sympathyfor Jan,its allher ownfault.我不同情简，那都是她自己的错我多希望他能再体谅我一点I wishhed showme alittle moresympathy.Our heartfeltsympathy goesout to the victimsof thewar.我们对战争的受害者表示由衷的同情May weoffer ourdeepest sympathieson thedeath ofyour wife.我们谨对尊夫人去世表示最深切的慰唁The seamenwent onstrike insympathy with the dockers.海员举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持Her sympathieslie with the antiabortionlobby.她支持反堕胎院外活动集团There wasno personalsympathy betweenthem.他们个人之间全无相投之处Share pricesslipped insympathy with the Germanmarket.安森被迫认错并公开向她道歉充分利用

④make thebest useof vLetstry tomake thebest useof ourresources andcut theproduction coststo thebone.我们要充分利用资源，最大限度地降低产品成本智力，（尤指关于敌对国家的）情报，智慧，情报人员，才智@intelligence n.她是个有着非凡智慧的女子Shes awoman ofexceptional intelligence.Nerve cells,after all,do nothave intelligenceof theirown.毕竟，神经细胞自身并没有智力She firstmoved into the intelligenceservices22years ago.年前她初次进入情报部门22国内的，家庭的，本国的，家用的，家务的，驯养的，喜爱家庭生活的，享受家庭乐趣@domestic adj.的，乐于操持家务的佣人，家佣，家庭纠纷，家庭矛盾n.Output consistsof bothexports andsales onthe domesticmarket.产量包括出口和国内市场销售两部分The onlything onhendersons harddrive isdomestic stuff.亨德森的硬盘上只有一些家用的文件我不是那种很喜欢待在家里的人Im nota verydomestic sortof person.已叫警察来解决家庭纠纷The policewere calledto sortout adomestic.（）生活水平，生活水准7living standard n.Cheaper housingwould vastlyimprove theliving standardsof ordinarypeople.更低廉的房价可大大改善老百姓的生活水平通道，（使用或见到的）机会，权利，通路，入径访问，存取（计算机文件），进入，到

⑧access n.vt.达The onlyaccess to the farmhouseis acrossthe fields.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野The policegained accessthrough abroken window.警察从一扇破窗户里钻了进去Students musthave access to goodresources.学生必须有机会使用好的资源You need a passwordto getaccess to the putersystem.使用这个计算机系统需要口令记者被挡住，无法见到总统Journalists weredenied accessto thePresident.Youve illegallyaccessed andmisused confidentialsecurity files.你已经非法访问并盗用了机密的安全文件搭梯子可以上阁楼The loftcan beaccessed bya ladder.领土，（某人负责的）地区，（某类）地区，（个人、群体、动物等占据的）领域，管区，@territory n.地盘，领地，版图，（美国）准州They haverefused to allow UNtroops tobe stationedin theirterritory.他们拒不允许联合国部队驻扎在他们的国土上我从未涉足过这类工作This typeof workis unchartedterritory forus.我们的代理人负责的地区很广Our representativescover a very largeterritory.Guam andAmerican Samoaare USterritories.关岛和美属萨摩亚是美国的准州She hasto worklate mostdays,but inher kindof jobthat goes withtheterritory.她在大部分日子里都得工作到很晚，但根据她的工作性质，这是不可避免的合作，配合，协作，协助@cooperate vi.The UNhad beencooperating withthe StateDepartment ona planto findcountries willingto taketherefugees.联合国一直都在与美国国务院合作推进一项计划，寻找愿意接纳难民的国家He agreedto cooperate withthepolice investigation.他同意配合警方的调查

9.Besides carrying the original diploma,all thecandidates mustfill in the blankform and write downtheirnames,addresses,educational backgroundand the self introductionincluding theircertificates,ambitionand hobbies;however,empty boastis forbidden.所有的候选人带好文凭原件，除此之外，必须填一张表格，写下名字、地址、学历、自我介绍（包括各类证书、志向和爱好），但是，空谈吹嘘是不允许的•结构分析⑴连词个2这里连接并列的谓语动词和

④andwrite down,and fill in write down

②；相当于并列连词but⑵五种简单句结构有个3主谓宾1all thecandidates mustfill in the blankform,主谓宾2all thecandidates mustwritedowntheir names,,the selfintroduction,主系表3empty boastis forbidden,（）个非谓语动词作介词的宾语31carryingthe originaldiplomaBesides★缩句为all thecandidates mustfillin the blankform andwritedowntheir names,addresses,educationalbackground andtheselfintroduction butempty boastis forbidden•词汇短语原来的，最早的，起初的，独创的，原作的，首创的，有独创性的，真迹的，非复制的®original adj.n.原件，正本，原稿，原作，（思想、行为、衣着等）不同寻常的人，独特的人，怪人The roomstill hasmany房间还保留着当初的许多特点of itsoriginal features.I thinkyou shouldgo backto youroriginal plan.我认为你应该回头执行你原来的计划那个建议没什么新意Thats nota veryoriginal suggestion.原稿已经遗失The originalmanuscript hasbeen lost.Only originaldocuments will be acceptedas proofof status.只有文件正本才能用作身份证明This paintingis acopy;the originalis inMadrid.这幅画是复制品，原画在马德里寄复印本，保留原件Send outthe photocopiesand keeptheoriginal.I studiedItalian sothat Iwould beable toread Dantein theoriginal.我学习意大利语以便能读但丁的原著文凭，文凭课程，毕业文凭@diploma n.她在攻读管理学文凭课程She istaking adiploma inmanagement studies.证明，证明书，合格证书，文凭，结业证书发给结业证书，（尤指）发给职业培训证@certificate n.vt.书系统会保存证明书多久？How longwill thesystem keepthe certificateShe is alsostarting aoneyear PostgraduateCertificate ineducation.她还开始攻读一年期教育学研究生文凭After4months study,he was awarded acertificate.学习个月之后，他被授予了结业证书4（）追求的目标，雄心，抱负，志向，野心，夙愿4ambition n.She neverachieved herambition ofbeing afamous writer.她一直未能实现当名作家的夙愿Hes alwayshad aburning ambitionto starthis ownbusiness.他总是雄心勃勃地想自己创业他梦寐以求的是学医His burningambition wasto studymedicine.It hadbeen her lifelong ambition.这是她终身追求的目标She wasintelligent butsuffered from a lackof ambition.她很聪明，但却缺乏远大志向自夸，有（值得自豪的东西），自吹自擂夸耀，夸口®boast v.n.I dontwant toboast,but Ican actuallyspeak sixlanguages.不是我吹嘘，我确实能讲六种语言Sheisalways boastingabout howwonderful herchildren are.她总是夸耀她的孩子们多么出色川他公然炫耀他的盗窃手法He openlyboasted ofhis skas aburglar.Sam boastedthat shecould beat anyone atpoker.萨姆吹嘘说打扑克牌谁都赢不了她The hotelalso boaststwo swimmingpools anda golfcourse.那家宾馆还拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场Despite hisboasts thathis childrenwere brilliant,neither of them wentto college.尽管他夸赞他的两个孩子聪明，他们却都没念上大学It washer proudboast thatshe hadnever misseda dayswork becauseof illness.她所引以自豪的是她从未因病而耽误过一天工作

10.To raisethe servicestandard,the furnitureshop confirmsthat the regular customers will gain15percent discountand have the chanceto appreciatethe classicalEuropeanstyle furniture.为了提高服务标准，家具店确认常客将享受的折扣，还有机会欣赏欧式古典家具15%•结构分析⑴连词个2引导宾语从句©that连接并列的谓语动词和

②and gainhave⑵五种简单句结构有个3主胃宾

①the furnitureshop confirmsthat,i（）主谓宾2the regular customers will gain15percent discount,主谓宾

③theregularcustomerswillhavethechance,⑶非谓语动词个2作目的状语1To raisethe servicestandard作后置定语，彳修饰中心词2to appreciatethe classicalEuropeanstyle furniturechance★缩句为the furnitureshop confirmsthat theregularcustomerswillgain15percent discountand havethechance•词汇短语标准，规范，（品质的）水平，规格（符合）标准的，通常的，正常@standardn.adj.的标准化，使符合标准（或规格）standardize vt.We aimto maintainhigh standardsof customercare.我们的宗旨是始终以高标准为顾客服务_今年的申请标准彳艮低The standardof thisyears applicationsis verylow.He failedto reachthe requiredstandard,and didnot qualifyfor therace.他未能达到所要求的标准，因而不具备参赛资格Her workis notup tostandard.她的工作不合格_水质标准由谁来制订？Who setsthe standardfor waterqualityA number of Britainsbeaches failto meetEuropean standardson cleanliness.英国有几处海滩不符合欧洲的清洁标准棚户区的生活水平很低In theshanty townsthere arevery poorliving standards.Youd betterlower yourstandards if you want to findsomewhere cheapto live.要想找个便宜的地方住，你最好降低要求It wasa simplemeal byEddies standards.在埃迪看来，那不过是一顿便饭The equipmentis slowand heavyby modernstandards.按现代标准，那台设备又慢又笨重_现在的行为标准和过去不一样了Standards arentwhat theyused tobe.A standardletter wassent to all candidates.给所有求职者均寄去了一封标准函Televisions area standardfeature inmost hotelrooms.电视机是多数旅馆房间里的标准设施It isstandard practiceto searchvisitors as they enterthe building.对进入这栋建筑物的来访者进行搜查是例行做法All vehiclesewitha CDplayer asstandard.所有汽车售出时通常都配有播放机CDThere isa driveboth tostandardize ponentsand toreduce thenumberofmodels onoffer.正在为实现零部件标准化和减少推出的型号数量而努力确认，证实，证明，批准

②confirm v.裁员的传言后来得到了证实Rumours ofjob losseswere laterconfirmed.His guiltyexpression confirmedmy suspicions.他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑预订后请来函确认Please writeto confirmyour reservation.Has everyoneconfirmed that theyre ing他们是不是每个人都肯定过一定会来？Can youconfirm whathappened你能证实一下发生了什么事吗？It hasbeen confirmedthat themeeting willtake placenext week.已经确定会议将于下个星期召开The walkin themountains confirmedhis fearof heights.在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症After asixmonth probationaryperiod,her positionwas confirmed.经过六个月的试用期后，她获准正式担任该职He wasconfirmed ascaptain for the restof theseason.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长She wasbaptized whenshe wasa monthold andconfirmed whenshe wasthirteen.她出生一个月时受洗礼，十三岁时受坚信礼减价，折扣给…打折，打折出售；认为某种思想、事实、理论不重要，不全信,@discount n.v认为…不相关_它们经常进行打折销售They areoften availableatadiscount.This hasforced airlinesto discountfares heavilyin orderto spurdemand.这迫使航空公司对机票大幅打折来刺激需求However,traders tendedto discountthe rumor.然而，商人往往不相信这一谣传受德国市场影响，股票价格出现下跌我对凯特一点也不同情I didnot feelat allsympathetic towardsKate.要是你想诉诉苦，那就跟我说吧Im hereifyouneedasympathetic ear.Russian newspapersare largelysympathetic tothe president.俄罗斯报章大都支持总统我觉得她并不十分招人喜欢I dontfind heraverysympathetic person.无辜的，无罪的，清白的，天真无邪的，无恶意的，无辜受害的，成为牺牲品的,无冒犯©innocent adj.之意的无辜者，单纯的人（尤指天真无邪的孩子）无辜，无罪，天真，清白，纯真，单n.innocence n.纯他们监禁了一名无辜的男子They haveimprisoned aninnocent man.她获判无罪She wasfound innocentof anycrime,He wasthe innocentparty in the breakdownof themarriage.他们的婚姻破裂，他是无过错的一方They wereinnocent victimsof abomb blast.他们是炸弹爆炸中的无辜受害者It wasa perfectlyinnocent remark.那是一句毫无冒犯之意的话他们看起来如此少不更事They seemedso youngand innocent.Ian wasa hopelessinnocent wherewomen wereconcerned.一涉及女性，伊恩就显得极其无知She protestedher innocence.她一再申明自己是无辜的This newevidence willprove their innocence.这一新的证据将证明他们的清白I askedif shewas marriedin allinnocence.我问她结婚了没有，完全没有恶意Children losetheirinnocenceastheygrow older.儿童随着年龄的增长而失去其天真营救，抢救，援救救援，抢救，营救，获救，营救行动@rescue vt.n.He rescueda childfrom drowning.他救起了一名落水儿童他们最后被直升机救走了They wereeventually rescuedby helicopter.The housewas rescuedfrom demolition.这所房子保住了，可以不拆我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围You rescuedme froman embarrassingsituation.She haddespaired ofever beingrescued alive.她那时对获救生还已经绝望了We hadgiven uphope ofrescue.我们那时已经放弃了获救的希望A wealthybenefactor cameto theirrescue witha generousdonation.一位富有的赞助人慷慨解囊挽救了他们Ten fishermen were savedin adaring searescue.在一次惊心动魄的海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救

2.According tothe recentsurvey,there isa growingtendency forsenior staff to put aside their salary,runinto deepdebt for a longtime oreven cancelmost socialactivities merelyto realizethe dreamof improvingtheir housing condition.根据最近的调查，高级职员越来越趋向于把月收入存起来，长期负巨债，甚至取消大多数社交活动，只为了实现改善住房条件的梦想•结构分析⑴本句没有连词⑵五种简单句结构个1主系表there isa growingtendency,⑶非谓语动词个5（）作后置定语，修饰中心词T toput asidetheirsalarytendency（）作后置定语,修饰中心词@to run into deepdebt fora longtime tendency（）（）作后置定语，修饰中心词ftoeven cancelmost socialactivities tendency作目的状语

④to realizethe dreamof improving theirhousing condition作介词的宾语

⑤improvingtheirhousingconditionof★缩句为there isa growingtendency•词汇短语（）趋势，倾向，趋向，偏好，性情，（政党内的）极端派别1tendency n.我紧张时总爱唠叨I havea tendencyto talktoo muchwhen Imnervous.There isa tendencyfor thisdisease toruninfamilies.这种疾病易在家族里遗传她天生非常小心谨慎She hasa strongnatural tendencytowards caution,There isa growingtendency amongemployers tohire casualstaff.雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势把…放在一边，（暂时）丢开，把…留作以后使用；忘记，不考虑，搁置@put asidevShe tookup aslice ofbread,broke itnervously,then putit aside.她拿起一片面包，焦虑不安地把它掰碎，又放在一边We shouldputasideour differencesand discussthe thingswe havein mon...我们应当抛开分歧，讨论一下我们的共同点负债

③run intodebt vNevergamble ifyou dontwant torun intodebt.如果你不想欠债的话，永远不要赌博

3.Many overseasguests are jealous of the hosfstraditional Chinese decorations which are assessed at onemillionyuan but they are prohibited fromtouching anythingfor thesake ofsafety.许多海外客人都嫉妒主人家传统的中式装修，据估计大约植一百万人民币，但是出于安全，他们被严禁接触任何东西•结构分析⑴连词个2引导定语从句@which连接两个并列句

②but⑵五种简单句结构有个3主谓宾（看作1Many overseasguests arejealous of the hosts traditional Chinesedecorations,be jealousof整体）主系表2whichareassessedatone millionyuan,（）主系表3they areprohibited,（）个非谓语动词作介词的宾语31touching anythingfrom★缩句为Many guestsarejealousofthehoststraditionalChinesedecorationsbuttheyareprohibited fromtouching anything.•词汇短语嫉妒的，妒忌的，吃醋的，忌妒的,珍惜的，爱惜的,妒羡的,精心守护的嫉妒，

①jealous adj.jealousy n.忌妒，羡慕（的言行），妒羡他跟她讲话就是为了让你妒忌Hes onlytalking to her tomake youjealous.Shes jealousof mysuccess.她忌妒我的成功Children oftenfeel jealouswhen a new babyarrives.新生婴儿出世时孩子常常感到忌妒They arevery jealousof theirgood reputation.他们极为珍惜自己的声誉我羡慕得要死I feltsick withjealousy.Im tiredof herpetty jealousies.我厌烦她那小肚鸡肠的忌妒评估，评定（性质、质量），估算，估定（数量、价值）@assess vt.Its difficultto assessthe effectsof thesechanges.这些变化带来的效果难以评估The youngmenwereassessed aseither safeor unsafedrivers.这些年轻人被评定为谨慎驾驶员和不谨慎驾驶员两类Id assessyour chancesas low.我估计你的机会不大The mitteeassesses whethera buildingis worthpreserving.由该委员会评定建筑物是否值得保存We aretrying toassess howwell thesystem works.我们正设法评估这个系统运行得是否顺畅They haveassessed theamount ofpensation tobe paid.他们已经核定赔偿额Damage tothe buildingwas assessedat£

40000.该建筑物的损失估定为万英镑4（尤指以法令）禁止，阻止，使不可能禁止，阻止，禁

③prohibit vt.prohibition n令.（以法令）禁止的，贵得买不起的，高昂得令人难以承受的prohibitive adjSovietcitizens wereprohibitedfromtravelling abroad.苏联时代的公民被禁止出国旅游The highcost ofequipment prohibitsmany peoplefrom takingup thissport.昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步In termsof privaterights,freedom meansno prohibitionby law.对私权利来讲，法无禁止即自由The priceof propertyin thecity isprohibitive.城市的房地产价格令人望而却步An ethicalculture doesnot stemfromaset ofprohibitive rules.伦理文化不是从一系列的禁止性的规则发展而来的（）为了4for thesake of为保持身体健康，她戒了烟She gaveup smokingfor thesake ofher health,

4.The economicmittee gavea briefbut accuratedescription ofthe stableand constantincrease ofGDP sothe public is convinced that the governmentis conveyingthe signal thatthe weak economy has recovered.经济委员会简短但准确地阐述了国民生产总值稳定快速增长，因此，公众相信政府正在发出疲软的经济已经复苏的信号•结构分析⑴连词个3引导结果状语从句

①so（）后引导宾语从句2convinced that后引导同位语从句

③signalthat⑵五种简单句结构有个4主胃宾1The economicmittee gavea description,i主系表或主谓宾（看作整体）2thepublic isconvinced that,be convinced主谓宾3the governmentis conveyingthe signal,主谓4theweakeconomyhasrecovered,（）本句没有非谓语动词3★缩句为The economicmittee gavea descriptionso thepublicisconvinced thatthe governmentis conveyingthesignal•词汇短语说服，使确信，使信服，劝说（某人做某事）令人信服的，有说服力的

①convince vt.convincing adj.be确信确信，深信不疑convinced thatv beconvinced ofv.Youll needto convincethem ofyour enthusiasmfor thejob.你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作（）我确信自己是正确的Id convincedmyself that I wasright.我一直劝他去看病Ive beentrying toconvince himto seea doctor,Scientists saythere is no convincingevidence thatpower lineshave anythingto dowith cancer.科学家们说，并没有确凿的证据表明输电线和癌症之间有什么联系你不久就会确信她是无罪的You willsoon beconvincedthatshe isinnocent.On closerinvestigation youwillbeconvinced ofhis dishonesty.一经仔细调查，你就会相信他的不诚实（）传达，传送，输送，表达，传递（思想、感情等），运送2convey vt.Colours likered conveya senseof energyand strength.红色之类的颜色可给人以充满活力与力量的感觉请向你的妻子转达我的歉意Please conveymy apologiesto yourwife.He trieddesperately to convey howurgent thesituation was.他不顾一切地试图说明情况是多么紧急She didnot wishtoconveythat theywere allat fault.她不愿表现出他们人人都有错Pipes conveyhot waterfrom theboiler tothe radiators.管道把热水从锅炉输送到暖气片

5.The seniorofficial leakedthat asa closepartner,they mitted themselves to taking concrete measuressuch asabsorbing morelabor forceand eliminating some outofdate products forthe purposeof proceedingto exploit the potential market.高级官员透露作为亲密合伙人，他们承诺将采取具体措施例如吸收劳动力，淘汰一些过时的产品，为的是进一步挖掘潜在市场•结构分析⑴连词个引导宾语从句1that⑵五种简单句结构有个2主谓宾

④The seniorofficial leakedthat,主谓宾

②they mitted themselves,⑶非谓语动词个5作介词的宾语

①taking concretemeasures to（）作介词的宾语2absorbing morelabor forcesuch as（）作介词的宾语3eliminatingsomeoutofdateproductssuch as作介词的宾语

④proceeding toexploit thepotential marketof（）作的宾语5toexploitthepotentialmarket proceed★缩句为The seniorofficial leakedthat theymittedthemselvestotakingconcretemeasures•词汇短语漏，泄露，透露（秘密信息），泄漏，渗漏，漏出，渗入，走漏

①leak v.漏洞，（秘密信息的）透露，裂缝，缝隙，撒尿，泄漏出的液体（或气体）n.屋顶在漏雨The roofwas leaking.水箱渗漏出少量的水The tankhad leakeda smallamount ofwater.水已开始渗入地下室Water hadstarted toleak intothe cellar.The contentsofthereport wereleaked tothe press.报告的内容泄露到新闻界了Details ofthe plansoon leakedout.计划的细节很快就泄露出去了The keyquestion ofwhat causedthe leakremains unanswered.泄漏究竟是怎么造成的，这一关键问题仍未得到答案（）致力于，承诺，2mit oneselftoSecond,we willbe mittedtotheprehensive improvementof environmentalquality ofBeijing.二是要致力于北京环境质量的全面改善Both sidesmittedthemselvesto settlethe disputepeacefully.双方承诺和平解决争端The Presidentis mittedto reforminghealth care.总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度（）混凝土确实的，具体的（而非想象或猜测的），实在的，混凝土制的，有形的3concrete n.adj.vt.用混凝土覆盖这些柱子必须用混凝土固定The postshave tobe setin concrete.As MrBlunkett emphasised,nothing isyet setin concrete.正如布伦基特先生所强调的，一切都还没有定下来He hadno concreteevidence.他没有确凿的证据As MrBlunkett emphasised,nothing isyet setin concrete.正如布伦基特先生所强调的，一切都还没有定下来He merelycleared andconcreted thefloors.他只是把地面清理之后浇上了混凝土为了

④forthe purpose ofAmeeting wascalled forthepurposeof appointinga newtreasurer.为任命新司库而召开了一次会议继续，行进，前往，接着做收益，（从事某种活动或变卖财物等的）收入，卖得金额@proceed vi,n.Were notsure whetherwe stillwantto proceed withthe sale.我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销Work isproceeding slowly.工作进展缓慢He outlinedhis plansand thenproceeded toexplain themin moredetail.他简单介绍了他的计划，接着又进行了较详细的解释Having saidshe wasnthungry,she thenproceeded toorder athreecourse meal.她先说不饿，接着却要了一份三道菜的大餐一游行者沿着街道缓缓行进The marchersproceeded slowlyalong thestreet.Passengers forRome shouldproceed toGate32for boarding.前往罗马的旅客，请到号登机口登机32The proceedsofthearms saleswere thentunneled toContra fightersin CentralAmerica.出售武器所得的收入随后用来支持了中美洲的反政府武装组织控诉某人proceed againstsb v我们将起诉他犯有偷窃罪We shallproceed againsthim fortheft.从开始,入手,出于，出自proceed fromvHis lecturesalways proceedfrom theclose tothe distantand fromthe elementarytotheprofound.他讲课总是由近及远，由浅入深继续，继续做proceed withvThe governmenthas decidedtoproceedwiththeelection.政府决定继续进行选举开发，利用（…为自己谋利），录哨发挥，运用，压榨英勇（或激动人心、引人注目）@exploit vt.U,n.的行为He exploitedhis fathersname toget himselfa job.他利用他父亲的名声为自己找到一份工作She realizedthat heryouth andinexperience werebeing exploited.她意识到自己的年轻和缺乏经验正受人利用What isbeing doneto stopemployers fromexploiting youngpeople目前有什么措施制止雇主剥削年轻人呢？She fullyexploits thehumour ofher roleintheplay.她在剧中把她那个角色的幽默发挥得淋漓尽致No mineralshave yetbeen exploitedin Antarctica.南极洲的矿臧还未开采His wartimeexploits werelater madeinto afilm.他在战争中的英勇行为后来被改编成一部电影

6.I waslost in thought the moment my leader introduced anew project in detail;nevertheless,I stillguaranteed thatI could be qualified for it.当领导详细介绍新项目的时候，我走神了，然而，我仍然保证我能胜任这个项目•结构分析（）连词个13引导时间状语从句@themoment；相当于并列连词

②but引导宾语从句©that⑵五种简单句结构有个4主系表1I waslost in thought,主谓宾2myleaderintroducedanewproject,主谓宾3I stillguaranteed that,（）主谓宾（看作整体）4I couldbe qualifiedfor it,be qualifiedfor（）本句没有非谓语动词3★缩句为I waslost inthought butI stillguaranteedthatIcouldbe qualifiedforit.•词汇短语走神

①be lostinthoughtv他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思He paused,apparently lostinthought.详细地

②in detailadv.修改处在背面有详细的说明The changesare explainedindetailoverleaf.（）然而，不过，尽管如此然而，不过3nevertheless adv.conj.There islittle chancethat wewill succeedin changingthe law.Nevertheless,it isimportant thatwe try.我们几乎没有可能改变法律不过，重要的是我们努力争取Our defeatwas expectedbut itis disappointingnevertheless.我们的失败是意料中的事，尽管如此，还是令人失望保证，担保，保证金，保修单，起保证作用的事物，保用证书保证，保障，担保，确@guarantee n.v.保，使必然发生，提供（产品）保修单，承诺对…负法律责任He gaveme aguarantee thatit wouldnever happenagain.他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生They aredemanding certainguarantees beforethey signthe treaty.他们要求得到某些保证后才签署条约我们保证年不生锈We providea5year guaranteeagainst rust.5The watchis stillunder guarantee.这只手表仍在保修期内这电视机有一年的保修期The televisioneswitha yearsguarantee,事业成功并不是幸福的保证Career successisnoguarantee ofhappiness.不能保证她一定会来Theres noguarantee thatshell e.We hadtoofferour houseasaguarantee whengetting theloan.我们在贷款时不得不拿房子作抵押Basic humanrights,including freedomof speech,are nowguaranteed.现在，包括言论自由在内的基本人权已有了保障（）We cannotguarantee that our flightswill neverbe delayed.我们不能保证我们的所有航班均不误点这张票可保证你免费入场The ticketwill guarantee you freeentry.我们保证——周内交货We guaranteeto deliveryour goodswithin aweek.This ironis guaranteedforayear againstfaulty workmanship.这种熨斗如有工艺缺陷可保修一年Tonights victoryguarantees theteams placeinthefinal.今晚的胜利确保这个队能进入决赛These daysgetting adegree doesntguaranteeyoua job.如今获得学位并不能保证你就有工作If wetry tokeep ita secret,shes guaranteedto findout.如果我们试图保密，她肯定会发现胜任

⑤be qualifiedfor vYoumay notbequalifiedfor thisjob ifyou canttype Chinese.如果你不能打中文字，恐怕无法胜任这份工作

7.—My friendsputer is very lightand fashionable.I likeit verymuch.So Idecide tobuy asimilar one.—Which one—The onein pinkisverycharming.—I dontthink so.I thinkthe onein pinkis notso/as goodas thatin black.一我朋友的电脑非常轻又时尚，我很喜欢因此我决定买个相似的一哪一款？一粉色的那款很吸引人一我不这么认为，我觉得黑色的那款比粉红色的好•本句是系列对话的综合体，皆是短句，因此不作结构分析•词汇短语令人着迷的，迷人的，吸引人的@charming adj.这间小屋虽小，却十分迷人The cottageis tiny,but itscharming.Shes acharming person.她是一位有魅力的人魅力，妩媚，吸引力，魔力，魔法，（链或手镯上的）吉祥小饰物，吸引人的特性，迷人的

②charm n.特征吸引，迷住，（以魔法或似有魔法）控制，保护v.The hotelis fullof charmand character.这家旅馆风格独特，极具吸引力他被她的才貌迷住了He wascharmed byher beautyandwit.她的话再也没有吸引力了Her wordshad losttheir powerto charm.

8.Late inthe20th century,the worldhas witnessedthatthemodest andhumble Chinese people made thebest useof theirdiligence andintelligence to reform economic structure,develop theirdomestic industry,improve peoplesliving standard,provide moreaccesstoeducation,defend theterritory and cooperatewith anypeaceloving countryinthe world.世纪末，全世界见证了谦虚的中国人民充分利用他们的勤劳智慧，改革经济结构，发展国内工业,20提高人民生活水平，提供更多教育机会，保卫疆土，和任何热爱和平的国家合作•结构分析:⑴连词个:引导宾语从句⑵五种简单句结构有个1that2主谓宾1the worldhas witnessedthat,主谓宾2Chinese peoplemade thebest useof theirdiligence andintelligence,（）非谓语动词个31toreformeconomicstructure,,andcooperatewith anypeaceloving countryinthe作目的状语world★缩句为theworldhas witnessedthattheChinesepeoplemadethebest useof theirdiligence andintelligence•词汇短语证人，见证，目击者，见证人，连署人见证，（为正式文件的签署）作证，连署,当场看

①witness n.v.到，目击（尤指罪行或事故），是…的迹象，是发生…的地点（或时间、组织等），见证Police haveappealedfor witnessestotheaccident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证他是我们婚礼的证婚人之一He wasone ofthe witnessesatourwedding.His goodhealth isa witnesstothesuccess ofthe treatment.他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件He hasbeen witnesstoaterrible murder.She wasshocked by the violentscenes shehad witnessed.她被亲眼目睹的暴虐场面惊呆了Recent yearshave witnesseda growingsocial mobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大The retailtrade iswitnessing asharp fallin sales.零售业的销售额在急剧下降There hasbeen increasinginterest inherlifeand work,as witnessedbythepublication oftwo newbiographies.从两部新传记的出版可以看出，人们对她的生活和工作越来越感兴趣The hugeattendance figuresfortheexhibition witnesstoahealthy interestin modernart.从展览会参观人数之巨大可以看出，人们对现代艺术具有浓厚兴趣Authentic Italiancooking isvery healthywitnessthe lowincidence ofheart diseasein Italy.正宗的意大利烹饪对健康非常有益，在意大利心脏病发病率低就是证据谦虚的，谦逊的，朴素的，些许的，不太大（或太贵、太重要等）的，庄重的，不性感的©modest adj.她对自己的成功非常谦虚Shes verymodest abouther success.他收取的费用不算高He chargeda relativelymodest fee.Asian womenare moremodest andshy,yet theytend tohave aninner force.亚洲女性表现得更为端庄腼腆，却往往外柔内刚谦逊的，（级别或地位）低下的，卑微的，虚心的，不大的，表示谦逊，但不够诚挚或认

③humble adj.真谦逊，虚心，低声下气，使感到卑微，贬低，轻松打败（尤指强大的对手）vt.要虚心地从自己的错误中学习Be humbleenough tolearn fromyour mistakes.依拙见，你错了In myhumble opinion,you wereinthewrong.The panyhas workedits wayup fromhumble beginningsto beethe marketleader.公司已从创业期的微不足道发展成了市场的主导者她的大度使他觉得自己渺小He washumbled byher generosity.The worldchampion washumbled lastnight inthree rounds.这位世界冠军昨晚三个回合就被轻松击败Anson wasforced toeat humblepie andpublicly apologisetoher.。