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吕梁市学年高二第一学期期末调研测试20232024英语试题（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟答案一律写在答题卡上）注意事项:L答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用
0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效
4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑
5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀第I卷选择题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题
1.5分，满分
7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍
1.Where is the womanprobably fromA.Britain.B.Peru.C.Mexico.
2.What willthe mando tonightA.Attend aparty.B.Play football.C.Reply toan invitation
3.What doesthe womanthink ofher oldroommateA.Careful.B.Thoughtful.C.Selfish
4.What shouldthe citydo according to the womanA.Improve theair quality.B.Create morejobs.C.Close somebusinesses.
5.What arethe speakersmainly talkingaboutA.The weather.B.Their dormitory.C.Their dailyroutine.第二节（共15小题；每小题
1.5分，满分
22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项A.They havea greateffect on the sea level.B.The origins of mangrovesare infreshwater.
12.What canwe knowabout mangrovesaccordingto the passageC.They typically grow in saltwater along coasts.D.The rootsof mangrovesgrow underground.
13.How did the teamconduct the research accordingto paragraph2A.By makinga parison.C.By analyzingsome data.D.By quotingothers opinions.B.By introducingan experience.
14.Why wereputer modelsused in the researchATo analyzethe elementsof the soil.B.To confirmthe conclusionsof theresearch.C Tostudy the leaves ofcoastal mangrovesD.To discovermore othermangrove species.
15.What doesthe discoverystressA.The importance of paringthe DNAof leaves.B.The benefitof usingputer modelsin thestudy.C.The impactof humanactivities on these ecosystems.D.The effectof the past climatechanges oncoastlines.【答案】
12.C
13.A
14.B
15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了红树这种生长在沿海的生物在淡水地区被发现，科研人员们通过研究发现，这些红树生长的淡水地区在历史上曾经是海洋【12题详解】细节理解题根据第一段uMangroves（红树）are trees that typicallygrow insaltwater alongcoasts.（红树林是一种通常生长在沿海咸水中的树木）”可知，红树林通常生长在沿海的盐水中故选C【题详解】细节理解题根据第二段13“They startedby collectingtheir leavesand then pared their DNA to theleaves（他们首先收集它们的叶子,然后将它们的from coastal mangroves which were growing along the Gulf of Mexico.与生长在墨西哥湾沿岸的沿海红树林的叶子进行比较）”可知，小组通过比较进行研究故选DNA A【题详解】细节理解题根据第四段14“puter modelsof howsea levelhas changedover timeconfirmed those（关于findings.海平面如何随时间变化的计算机模型证实了这些发现）”可知，在研究中使用计算机模型是为了确认研究的结论故选B推理判断题根据最后一段“This discoveryhighlights howchanges to the pastclimate haveaffected theworldscoastlines^Ezcurra says.It alsooffers achance to better understandhow futuresea levelrise mayaffect these（“这一发现凸显了过去气候的变化是如何影响世界海岸线的，”埃兹库拉说“这也为更好地了ecosystems.解未来海平面上升如何影响这些生态系统提供了一个机会可知，这一发现强调了过去气候变化对海岸线的影响故选D第二节（共5小题；每小题
2.5分，满分125分）・阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Negative Effectsof SocialMediaSocial media is,arguably,one of the mostexciting developmentsin recenthistory.It helpsfamilies andfriends stayconnected,offers auseful toolto lookback onpositive memories,and evenhelps thosewho arestruggling findsupportamong strangers.Despite somany benefits,it hasnegative effectsthat youneed to be awareof.•Reduce FacetoFaceInteractionWhen youare on social mediamore often,not onlydo youspend lessquality timewith peoplewho arephysicallypresent inyour life,but theywill quicklyget annoyedwhen youremindlessly browsingsocial mediawebsites instead ofpaying attentionto them.16Even bestfriends mayface similarsituation attimes.•Lead todepressionAccording to recent studies,the morepeople usesocial media,the more negative feelings they experience,includingdepression.17Tt hasbeen suggestedthat thesenegative feelingsand depressivesymptoms efrom increasedsocialparisons and a lackof socialinteraction causedby spendingmore timeonsocial media.•Distract FromLife Goals18Social mediaallows aneasy wayout todistract uswhen wedont feellike puttingin thehard work,and wecan end up going down a path where we simply dont get things done because it bees too easy to find a distraction.・19Social mediaisthe easiest way to block the creative process.Surfing social media siteshas anegative effecton themind.Creativity oftenrequires intensefocus ora relativelyclear,relaxed mind.Social mediagets in the wayof both.All inall,when usedwisely,social mediacan bea greatway toconnect withothers whenfacetoface interactions areimpossible.20A.Kill Creativity.B.Decrease sleeptime.C.Achieving goalstakes hard work and motivation.D.However,it alsocounts toavoid itsnegative effects.E.Also,its veryclear thatprivacy and the Internetdont mixwell.F.This makesmunication moreplicated andcauses misunderstanding.G.This couldbe particularlyharmful topeople sufferinganxiety anddepression.【答案】
16.F
17.G
18.C
19.A
20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了社交媒体的危害【题详解】16上文“When youare onsocial mediamore often,not onlydo youspend lessquality timewith peoplewho arephysicallypresent inyour life,but theywill quicklyget annoyedwhen youremindlessly browsingsocial mediawebsites insteadof（当你更频繁地使用社交媒体时，你不仅会花更少的时间与生活中的人相处，而且当你paying attentionto them.无意识地浏览社交媒体网站而不是关注它们时，他们会很快感到恼火）”说明当人们过度使用社交媒体时，会减少面对面的交流，并且会让身边的人感到恼火空处承接上文，进一步说明频繁地使用社交媒体时产生的后果项中的指代前文中的“当你更频繁地使用社交媒体时，你不仅会花更少的时间与生活中的人相处”F This这件事，说明项“这使得沟通更加复杂，并导致误解符合语境故选FFo【题详解】17标题（导致抑郁）”以及上文“Lead todepression Accordingtorecentstudies,the morepeople usesocialmedia,the（根据最近的研究，使用社交媒体的人越多，他们经morenegativefeelings theyexperience,including depression.历的负面情绪就越多，包括抑郁）”说明近期研究表明，社交媒体的使用与更多负面情绪体验，包括抑郁之间存在关联空处承接上文，进一步说明负面情绪多所造成的后果，项中的指代上文中的G This“the morenegative和标题相呼应，说明“这可能对患有焦feelings theyexperience,including depression”,“anxiety anddepression”虑和抑郁的人特别有害”符合语境故选G【题详解】18下文“Social mediaallows aneasy wayout todistract uswhen wedont feellike puttingin thehard work,and we canend（当我们不想upgoingdownapathwhere wesimplydontgetthingsdonebecauseitbees tooeasytofindadistraction.投入艰苦的工作时，社交媒体提供了一种简单的方法来分散我们的注意力，我们最终可能会走上一条根本无法完成任务的道路，因为很容易找到分散注意力的方法）”说明社交媒体会分散我们对生活目标的注意力空处承接标题，引出下文C项中的“Achievinggoals”和标题中的“Life Goals”相呼应,uakeshard workandmotivation^和下文^when wedon9t feellike puttingin thehardwork^相呼应，实现目标需要努力和动力，而社交媒体提供了一种简单的方法来分散我们的注意力项“实现目标需c要努力和动力”符合语境故选C【题详解】19下文u Socialmediaistheeasiestway toblockthecreativeprocess.Surfing socialmedia siteshas anegative effectonthe（社交媒体是阻止创作过程的最简单mind.Creativity oftenrequires intensefocus ora relativelyclear,relaxed mind.方法浏览社交媒体网站会对大脑产生负面影响创造力通常需要集中注意力或相对清晰、放松的心态）”说明本段主要是关于社交媒体能够阻止创造力的产生项“扼杀创造力”适合作本段的标题故选AAo【题详解】上文20“AH inall,when usedwisely,socialmediacan bea greatwaytoconnect withothers whenfacetoface（总而言之，如果使用得当，当无法进行面对面的互动时,社交媒体可以成为与他人interactionsareimpossible.联系的好方法）”说明当无法进行面对面交流时，合理使用社交媒体可以成为连接他人的有效工具空处和前文形成转折关系，提醒我们在享受社交媒体带来的好处的同时，也要注意规避它的负面影响项D“然而，这也有助于避免其负面影响”符合语境故选D第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Im ateenage girl.Although Ihave felt21about myfigure andoften felt left out over the past few years,I amable tohandle it calmly and wisely.、When Istarted22the kidsin myclass calledme“fatty“purposely.This mademe feel23Sometimes Iwanted to beat themand tellthem to leave mealone.
24.1would walk away,and attimes,Iwould gohome and25,I neverlet anyoneknow thisbecause theywould just26me insteadofrealizing howmuch theywere27me.When I was eight,my momand I28TOPS,a weightloss support group.Since Ivebeen inTOPS,Ive learnedto29and tocount calories.Once Ibecame awinner forweight lossfor myage group.Iwas30to beon stagefor this,especiallyknowing somemembers ofmy TOPSgroup werethere to3j me.Tve alsolearned howgreat itis tohave myfamily support my32as well.I trytogive thesame supportby talkingto andhugging someonewho has33issues.I thinkbecause ofwhat Ive34,I ammore awareof how a person like mefeels.I tryto helpotherssincerely and
35.I neverwant tohurt anyonesfeelingstheway minehave beenhurt.
21.A.secure B.positive C.concerned D.curious
22.A.working B.schooling C.performing D.running
23.A.excited B.joyful C.blessed D.upset
24.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Anyway
25.A.train B.cry C.practise D.recover
26.A.rely onB.stare atC.laugh atD.apologize to
27.A.missing B.hurting C.valuing D.motivating
28.A.explored B.watched C.created D.joined
29.A.exercise B.predict C.serve D.forgive
30.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.proud D.ashamed
31.A.convince B.support C.disturb D.protect
32.A.efforts B.gifts C.instructions D.standards
33.A.family B.sleep C.finance D.weight
34.A.looked throughB.sorted throughC.gone throughD.driven through
35.A.respectfully B.freely C.selfishly D.slightly【答案】
21.C
22.B
23.D
24.A
25.B
26.C
27.B
28.D
29.A30,C
31.B
32.A
33.D
34.C
35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文主要讲述了作者在面对身材问题和被欺凌时的心路历程作者在成长过程中曾因体重问题而受到歧视和欺凌，但她学会了冷静和明智地处理这些挑战作者加入了一个减肥支持小组，并学会了控制饮食和计算卡路里作者因减肥成功而获得了奖项，并感到家人和支持小组的支持很重要作者希望能帮助其他人并避免伤害别人的感情题详解】[21考查形容词词义辨析句意尽管在过去的几年里，我对自己的身材感到担忧，经常感到被冷落，但我能够冷静而明智地处理它A.secure安全的；B.positive积极的；C.concerned关心的；D.curious好奇的根据后半句uoften可知,作者在意自己的身材，对身材感feltleftoutoverthe pastfewyears,I amable to handleitcalmlyandwisely”到担忧故选C【题详解】22考查动词词义辨析句意当我开始上学的时候，班上的孩子故意叫我“胖子”工作；A.working B.schooling上学；表演;跑步根据后半句中可知，讲的是作者开始上学的时候C.performing D.running“the kidsin myclass”故选B考查形容词词义辨析句意:这使我感到不安激动的；喜悦的;祝福的；沮A.excited B.joyful Cblessed D.upset丧的根据前文提到班上的孩子故意叫我“胖子”，可知，作者“the kidsin myclass calledme“fatty purposely”的同学说他胖，这会使作者感到不安故选D【题详解】24考查副词词义辨析句意然而，我会走开，有时，我会回家哭然而；此外；A.However B.Besides C.Therefore因止匕；无论如何根据前文提到我D.Anyway“Sometimes Iwanted tobeat themand tellthem toleave mealone想打他们并且叫他们不要理睬我，以及后半句提到我会走开，由此可知，上下句为转折关I would walkaway系故选A题详解】[25考查动词词义辨析句意然而，我会走开，有时，我会回家哭训练；哭泣；练习；A.train B.cry C.practiseD.recover恢复根据前半句wouldwalkaway,and attimes,I wouldgohome,然而,我会走开,有时，我会回家，以及后文我从不让任何人知道这一点，可知，作者自己离开是不想让别人看见自己“I neverlet anyoneknow this”受到伤害哭的样子故选B【题详解】26考查动词短语辨析句意我从不让任何人知道这一点，因为他们只是嘲笑我，而没有意识到他们对我的伤害有多大依靠；盯着;嘲笑；道歉根据前文A.relyon B.stareat C.laughat D.apologize to“the kidsin myclass calledme可知,作者的同学是在嘲笑他故选“fatty”purposely”C题详解】[27考查动词词义辨析句意我从不让任何人知道这一点，因为他们只是嘲笑我，而没有意识到他们对我的伤害有多大错过;伤害;重视;激励根据前文A.missing B.hurting C.valuing D.motivating“the kidsin myclass calledme可知，作者的同学是在嘲笑他，由此可推知，这对他构成了伤害故选“fatty purposely”Bo题详解】[28考查动词词义辨析句意当我八岁的时候，我和妈妈加入了一个支持减肥的组织探索；TOPS,A.explored观看;创造;参加根据后文「可知，作者和妈妈加入了这B.watched C.created D.joined“Since vebeen inTOPS”个组织故选D【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意自从我上了我就学会了锻炼和计算卡路里锻炼；TOPS,A.exercise B.预测；服务;原谅根据前文可知,这个组织是减肥的组织，predict C.serve D.forgive“a weight loss supportgroup”作者从这个组织应该是学会了锻炼故选A考查形容词词义辨析句意我很自豪能站在舞台上，尤其是知道我的小组的一些成员在那里支持我TOPS失望的;感到尴尬的;自豪的;羞愧的根据前文A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.proud D.ashamed“Once Ibecame awinner forweightlossfor myagegroup.v提到有一次，我成为了我这个年龄段减肥的赢家由此可知，作者对此感到自豪故选C【题详解】31考查动词词义辨析句意我很自豪能站在舞台上，尤其是知道我的小组的一些成员在那里支持我TOPS A.使信服；支持；打扰;保护根据后文convince B.support C.disturb D.protect I’ve alsolearned howgreat itis tohavemy familysupportmy12as well.v提到家人的支持，可知，作者获得了他们小组成员的支持以及家人的支持故选B【题详解】32考查名词词义辨析句意我也学到了有家人支持我的努力是多么的好努力；礼物，天赋；A.efforts B.gifts指导，说明；标准结合上下文语境可知，作者付出了努力获得的家人和成员们的支C.instructions D.standards持故选A【题详解】33考查名词词义辨析句意我试着通过与有体重问题的人交谈和拥抱来给予同样的支持家庭；A.family B.sleep睡眠;经济；体重根据前文可知，作者加入的减肥的组织，C.finance D.weight“a weight-losssupportgroup”自己存在体重问题，因此想给予同样拥有体重问题的人支持故选D【题详解】34考查动词短语词义辨析句意我想，因为我所经历的一切，我更加了解像我这样的人的感受A.looked through浏览；分类；经历；开车通过结合句意以及下文B.sorted throughC.gone throughD.driven through“I ammoreaware of howapersonlikemefeels”，由此可知，作者通过自己的经历，了解到了像他一样的人的感受故选C【题详解】35考查副词词义辨析句意我尽量真诚和尊重地帮助别人恭敬地；自由地；A.respectfully B.freely C.selfishly自私地；轻微地连接并列成分,结合此处应用褒义词，结合句意，表示“恭敬地”，D.slightly andsincerely,满足句意要求故选A第n卷非选择题第二节（共10小题；每小题
1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1（弹性；坚韧不拔）（）Resilience isthe ability36break awayfrom hardshipand possiblyalso growstronger intheprocess.It is37essential qualitythat enablesus toturn lifeshardest momentsintolearning opportunities.When38face withdifficulties,we canchoose,as hardas itmay seemin themoment,to embraceresilienceinsteadofgiving into despair.This meansrecognizing ourown innerpower anddetermination tooverechallenges.In theprocess,you39probable knowyou havemastered something40you werenot goodat in thepast.Hardship oftenreveals ourtrue resilienceand41force usto confrontour fearsand doubts.Each timewe endureadifficult experience,we buildresilience,making usbetter equippedtohandlefuture42challenge.By acknowledgingand appreciatingour resilience,we learnto adaptand thrive43the face of suffering.Turning lifeshardest momentsinto learningchances requiresselfreflection andexamination.As longas wereflect onour toughexperiences togain44value insightsand wisdom,even theworst thingsthathappen to45we canbee giftsand sourcesof strengthand wisdomover time.【答案】
36.to break
37.an
38.faced
39.probably
40.that
41.forces
42.challenges
43.in
44.valuable
46.“I LikeReading”赛，内容包括.推荐图书类型；
2.号召大家读书3注意写作词数应为个左右；
1.
80.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Boys andgirls,Thats all!Thanks forlistening.［答案］One possibleversion:Boys andgirls,Here esReading Week!Now Imhonored toshare withyou theimportanceofreading.As thesaying goes,reading goodbooks istalking withnoble people.Not onlycan readingenrich ourknowledge,but itcan helpus cultivateour abilities.When itestowhat toread,there aremany options,such asnovels inspiringus toachievesuccess andscience booksbroadening ourhorizons.In short,reading canbenefit usa lot.Lets take action toread more,creating abrighter futuretogether.Thafs all!Thanks forlistening.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英文报举办的以为主“I LikeReading”题的演讲比赛【详解】词汇积累L重要性一importance significance培养cultivate—fbster选择option—choice总之一in shortin summary.句式拓展3简单句变复合句原句In short,reading canbenefit usa lot.中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第
6、7题
6.How doesthe womansuggest the man gethomeA.By bus.B.By taxi.C.By car.
7.Where arethe speakersA.At home.B.At arestaurant.C.At abus station.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题
8.Why isthemanat thesupermarket todayA.To carryout asurvey.B.To dosome shopping.C.To meetthe owner.
9.What changedidtheowner maketo thesupermarket lastyearA.The manager.B.The name.C.The location.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题
10.What isthe womandoingA.Returning atent.B.Borrowing atent.C.Packing atent.
11.What isthe womansmotivation fbrclimbingA.To improveher fitness.B.To havefun.C.To getclose tonature.
12.Where willthe speakersclimb togetherA.In thewild.B.At agym.C.At aclimbing center.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题
13.What isthe womansopinion abouther ideaof theonline businessA・Its practical.B.Its challenging.C.Ifs unique.
14.Why willthe womancontact artistsA.To seetheir works.B.To dobusiness with them.C.To lookfor inspiration.
15.What willthewomando forlarge ordersA.Give adiscount.B.Charge asmall fee.C.Offer freedelivery.
16.What isspecial aboutthe packagingA・Its luxury.B.Ifs environmentallyfriendly.C.Its ofgood quality.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17.Where aredrinks servedall dayA.By theswimming pool.B.In thedining room.C.In thecafe.
18.What willthe listenersprobably doaround1p.m.A.Go swimming.B.Have lunch.C.Attend a conference.
19.What doesthe speakerapologize forA.The hightemperature.B.The updatedprogram.C.The latelunch.
20.Why doesthe conferenceprogram havetobechangedA.Some roomsare beingrepaired.B.A speakerisnt ableto giveher talk.C.The GeneralManager cante.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题
2.5分，满分
37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项Good ReadsWeasked TFKKid Reportersto reviewsome greatbooks thatreaders mightenjoy thisseason.Heres what they hadtosay.Opie JonesTalks toAnimalsThis novelby Nat Luurtsema tellsthe storyof lOyearoldOpie,who canread animalsminds.Opie isemployed toatopsecret organizationof mind readers called the Resistance.When Varlingcaptures themindreadersand triesto turntheirschool into a factory,Opie putsher mindreadingskills towork tosave theday.YouUl lovethis bookif youenjoyfantasy andadventure.--------------------By TFKKid ReporterAbhijay PotlurThe Last MapmakerTheLast Mapmaker,by ChristinaSoontornvat,is fullof adventure,action,and mystery.Sai,a resourceful12yearoldgirl,works for a famousmapmaker.But shehas asecret:Shes thedaughter ofaconman.When shegets anopportunity toearnmore moneythan shesever had,she jumpsat thechance fbra newlife.Sai joinsan expeditionto maptheSunderlands,a continentsaid tobe hometo dragons.This book,now in paperback,is foradventure loverswho seekanattractive storythats fullof surprises.---------------------------------------------By TFKKid ReporterAlexa OhGossamerIn her novel Gossamer,Lois Lowryexplores howdreams andnightmares etobe.The bookfollows severalstorylinesinvolving tinydreamgiving creaturesandthehumans theyaffect.Littlest Oneis anew dreamgiver.From herteacher ThinElderly,she leamshow tocollect piecesof memoriesand turnthem intodreams.These aregiven toan elderlywoman,atroubled boy,andayoung mother.Anyone wholoves imaginativetales willlove Gossamer.A newedition ofthis belovedbookis ingout in March.--------------------------------------------By TFKKid ReporterBen SternCharactersQuestsIf yourea fanof DungeonsDragons,you41love CharactersQuests:A YoungAdventurer^Workbook,by SarraScherb.Ws an interactive book.Readers designtheir character,plete witha weapon and magical powers.By makingaseries ofchoices,readers alsoshape theirown story.Creating atitle foryour adventure,drawing yourcharacter,anddeciding whothe evilwill be-ifs allpart of the fun.If youenjoy action,fantasy,and roleplayinggames,youll definitelylovethis book!-------------------------------------By TFKKid ReporterAudrey Owolo
1.Who isa readerof animals9mindsA.Lois LowryB.Thin ElderlyC.Sai D.Opie
2.Which of the followingbooks exploresdreams andnightmaresA.Gossamer B.CharactersQuestsC.Opie JonesTalks toAnimals D.TheLastMapmaker
3.What isthe differencebetween CharactersQuests andthe otherbooksA.It isabout agirl goodat mapping.B.Tt isabout turningmemories intodreams.C It is aninteractive bookwith readers.D.Its newedition wille outinMarch.【答案】1D
2.A
3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文文章介绍了四本好书【题详解】1细节理解题根据Opie JonesTalks toAnimals部分中uThis novelby NatLuurtsema tellsthe storyof lOyearoldOpie,who canread animals9minds.（NatLuurtsema的这部小说讲述了一个能读懂动物思想的10岁男孩Opie的故事）”可知，能读懂动物的心思故选Opie D【题详解】2细节理解题根据部分中.Gossamer“InhernovelGossamer,Lois Lowryexplores howdreams andnightmares etobe（洛伊斯•劳瑞在她的小说《游丝》中探讨了梦和噩梦是如何形成的）”可知，探讨了梦和噩梦故Gossamer选A【题详解】3细节理解题根据部分中（这是一本互动的书）”可知,CharactersQuests Itsaninteractivebook.Characters和其他书的不同在于是一本与读者互动的书故选Quests CImagineDad andI arewatching theOlympic Gamesin ourmedia roomsomeday in the future.The screendropsdown tocover onewall.We giveour robotSylvia ourorders forpopcorn andjuice for dinner.She isonly amachine butshelooks likea humanand helpswiththehousework.（烤箱）We arehaving popcornfor dinnertonight becausesomething iswrong with our oven.Itisbroken andkeepson repeatingthat itdoesnt rememberhow tocook.Dad thinksthe shooting star passingby Earthhas causedthe problem.“I didsee a shooting staryesterday/71said,“Maybe thatswhy Ihad troublegetting Sylviastarted this morning.Sheturned around and around,hardly stoodwhen shetried totake astep,and almostfell backwards.She finallystartedmoving towards me,but thensuddenly turned,and wentbackwards.I thoughtshe wasgoing toknock intoa wall.It wasluckythat shegot herbalance inthe endand successfullystood up.”At last,Sylvia arriveswithourpopcorn anddrinks.I look at thescreen andwatch theOlympic Games.Sylviawatches ittoo.Dad givesher coinsas atip.Sylvia thankshim for the coinsand startstoleavethe room.Then sheturnsback towhereweare sitting.I hearsome clickingsounds.The soundsmean thatshe issearching hermemory chipsforinformation.During theOlympics Ishould getmedals,not coinsJ she says.Dad andI justlookateach other.Sylvia doesntseem to know thatrobots arent supposed to think.Then weburst outlaughingand awardSylvia agold medal.A.Sylvia knockedinto thewall.B.Sylvia waspossibly outof order.
4.From Paragraph3wecanlearnC.Sylvia washit byashootingstar.D.Sylvia wouldntlike towork forus.7What isthe mostsuitable titleforthe text
5.Why doesSylvia askforamedal asa tipA.Because shehas gotenough coins.B.Because sheworks hardfordinner.C.Because shewants towatch thegame.D.Because shehas learnedto thinkby memory chips.
6.How doDad andI findSylvias performanceA.Worrying.B.Annoying.C.Amazing.D.Frightening.A.An extraordinarytip fora robotB.Our unexpectedlife inthe futureC.The robot-an importanthelper D.The functionof robotslike humans【答案】
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章介绍了在未来日常生活中智能机器人学会思考的故事【题详解】4推理判断题根据第三段“I didsee ashootingstaryesterday/91said,Maybe thatswhy Ihad troublegetting Sylviastartedthismorning.She turnedaroundandaround,hardly stoodwhen shetried totakeastep,and almostfell backwards.She finallystarted movingtowardsme,but thensuddenly turned,and wentbackwards.I thoughtshe wasgoing toknock（“我昨天确实看至」了一颗流星，”我说，“也许这就是为什么我今天早上很难让西尔维娅开始intoawall.I工作的原因她转过身来，想迈步的时候几乎站不住，差点向后摔倒她终于开始向我走来，但突然转过身来，向后退我以为她会撞到墙上）”可知，西尔维娅出了故障，故选B【题详解】5推理判断题根据倒数第二段“The soundsmean thatshe issearching hermemory chipsfor information.“During the（这些声音意味着她正在记忆芯片中搜寻信息Olympics Ishould getmedals,not coins^^she says.5“在奥运会期间，我应该获得奖牌，而不是硬币，她说）”以及最后一段“Sylvia doesntseem toknow thatrobots（西尔维娅似乎不知道机器人不应该思考）”可知，西尔维娅要一枚奖章作为小费是因arentsupposedtothink.为她已经学会了通过记忆芯片思考故选D【题详解】6推理判断题根据倒数第二段“The soundsmean thatshe issearching hermemory chipsfor information.“During the（这些声音意味着她正在记忆芯片中搜寻信息Olympics Ishould getmedals,not coins^^shesays.5“在奥运会期间，我应该获得奖牌，而不是硬币，她说）可知，机器人西尔维娅会索要奖牌作为小费，可知她的各种表现是“令人称奇的，了不起的，故选C【题详解】7主旨大意题根据倒数第二段“The soundsmean thatshe issearching hermemorychipsfor information.“During the（这些声音意味着她正在记忆芯片中搜寻信息Olympics Ishould getmedals,not coinsJ shesays.“在奥运会期间，我应该获得奖牌，而不是硬币，她说）”结合本文描绘了一幅未来生活的场景爸爸和“我”在媒体室看奥运会，机器人提供爆米花和果汁爸爸用硬币作为小费，机器人则坚持在奥运期间应该获Sylvia得奖牌，而不是硬币，选项“对于机器人来说，这是非常棒的小费”最符合文章标题故选AAoCStraws made from plantbasedmaterials,such aspaper and bamboo,are oftenadvertised asbeing more sustainableand ecofriendlythan thosemade fromplastic Jsays researcherDr.Thimo Groffen,an environmentalscientist at theUniversity ofAntwerp.However,the presenceof PFAS in thesestraws meansthat couldbe discredited.（持久）PFAS chemicals,known fortheir longevityand potentialharm,can affecthumans,wildlife andthe（生物降解）environment.They biodegradevery slowlyover timeand canexist overthousands of years intheenvironment,which hasled to them beingknown asforever chemicals”.They arelinked tovarious healthissues.Furthermore,these chemicalsare usedin everydayitems tomake themwaterproof andheatresistant.For amore indepthanalysis,theresearchteam purchased39different brandsof drinkingstraws madefrom fivematerials-paper,bamboo,glass,stainless steeland plastic,and thenconducted tworounds oftesting for PFAS.They found（）that mostbrands69%contained PFAS,with18different PFASdetected intotal.In paperstraws,PFAS wasdetectedin90%of thebrands tested.PFAS wasalso detectedin80%of brandsof bamboo straws,75%of plasticstraw brandsand40%of glassstraw brands.They werenot detectedin anyof thefive types of steel straws tested.“The presenceof PFASinpaper andbamboostraws showsthey are not necessarilybiodegradable,“says Dr.Groffen.一We didnot detectany PFASin stainlesssteel straws,so Iwould adviseconsumers touse thistype ofstraw orjust avoidusingstraws.”The PFASconcentrations arelow andcause alimited riskto humanhealth,considering thatmost peopleonly usestraws occasionally.However,PFAS canremain inthe bodyfor manyyears andconcentrations can build up over time.Small amountsof PFAS,while notharmful inthemselves,can addtothechemical load already present inthe body,Dr.Groffen concludes.
8.What doesthe underlinedword“discredited“in paragraph1probably meanA.Exciting.B.Questionable.C.Simple.D.Related.
9.Which ofthe followingstatements istrue accordingtothepassageA.Researchers foundPFASinall fivetypesofstraws.B.Bamboo strawscontain morePFAS thanpaper ones.C.PFAS chemicalsarenotrelated tohealth problems.D.It willbe longbefore PFASbreaks down inthe environment.
10.What willthe authorbe likelyto talkabout followingthe lastparagraphA.Choosing onlybamboostraws.B.Using stainlesssteelstrawswidely.C.The potentialrisks of PFAS to humans.D.The durationforPFASto breakdowninthe body.
11.Where isthetextprobably takenfromA.A diary.B.A healthmagazine.C.A textbook.D.An advertisement.【答案】
8.B
9.D
10.C
11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了安特卫普大学的环境科学家、研究员蒂莫•格罗芬博士表示，用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常被宣传为比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保然而，这些吸管中的存PFAS在意味着这可能是不可信的【题详解】8词义猜测题根据文章第二段（持久）“PFAS chemicals,known fortheir longevityand potentialharm,can affect（生物降解）humans,wildlife andthe environment.They biodegradevery slowlyover timeand canexist overthousands（化学物质以其寿命长ofyears intheenvironment,which hasled tothem beingknown asforever chemicals”.PFAS和潜在危害而闻名，可以影响人类、野生动物和环境随着时间的推移，它们的生物降解非常缓慢，可以在环境中存在数千年，这使得它们被称为“永远的化学物质”）”由此可推知，这些吸管中的存在意味着PFAS之前的宣传是“令人质疑的意为可疑的,有问题的，符合语境，故选questionable B【题详解】9细节理解题根据文章第二段（生物降解）“They biodegradevery slowlyover timeand canexist overthousands of（随着时间的推移，它们的生yearsintheenvironment,which hasled tothem beingknown asforever chemicals”.物降解非常缓慢，可以在环境中存在数千年，这使得它们被称为“永远的化学物质）”可知，护额学PFAS物质为成为“永远的化学物质”，所以需要很长时间才能降解故选D【题详解】10推理判断题根据文章最后一段“The PFASconcentrations arelow andcause alimited risktohumanhealth,considering thatmost peopleonly usestrawsoccasionally.However,PFAS canremain inthe bodyfor manyyears andconcentrationscanbuildupover time.Small amountsof PFAS,while notharmful inthemselves,can addtothechemical（考虑至大多数人只是偶尔使用吸管,浓度很低，loadalreadypresentinthebody,Dr.Groffen concludes.U PFAS对人类健康造成的风险有限然而，可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着时间的推移而增加“少量的PFAS PFAS虽然本身无害，但会增加体内已经存在的化学负荷，博士总结道）”浓度很低，考虑到大多Groffen PFAS数人往往只是偶尔使用吸管，因此对人体健康构成的风险有限然而，可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着PFAS时间的推移而增加少量的虽然本身无害，但会增加体内已经存在的化学负荷由此可推知，下一段旨PFAS在分析的潜在威胁故选PFAS C【题详解】11推理判断题根据文章第一段“Straws madefrom plantbasedmaterials,such aspaperandbamboo,are oftenadvertisedas beingmoresustainableand ecofriendlythan thosemadefromplastic Jsays researcherDr.Thimo Groffen,anenvironmental scientistattheUniversity ofAntwerp.However,the presenceofPFASin thesestraws meansthat couldbe」（安特卫普大学的环境科学家、研究员蒂莫•格罗芬博士说“用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，discredited通常被宣传为比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保”“然而，这些吸管中的存在意味着这可能是不可信PFAS的以及全文内容可知，本文讲述的是的存在意味着这可能是不可信的，所以本文可能来自于健康杂志PFAS故选BD（红树）Mangroves aretreesthattypicallygrowinsaltwateralongcoasts.But somered mangrovesend updeep intherainforests of Mexicos YucatanPeninsula.These plantslive infreshwater alongthe San Pedro Martir River.Thatsnearly200kilometers from the sea.Scientists wantedtoknowhow thesemangoves gottrapped sofar inland.CarlosBurelo wasamong them.He becamecurious aboutthese mangrovesonachildhood fishingtrip there35years ago.Burelosaw thatthe rootsofthe mangroves grewabove ground.This wasdifferent fromthe othertrees.Burelos teamfirst investigatedwhere thefreshwater mangrovescame from.They startedby collectingtheir leavesandthenparedtheirDNAtotheleaves fromcoastalmangroveswhichweregrowingalongthe GulfofMexico.The DNAhelpedidentify theoriginsofthemangrovesontheSan PedroMartir River.They hadstarted alongtheGulfofMexico,some170kilometers awayfromtheriver.The teamdiscovered otherevidence thatthis ecosystemhad oncebeen coastal.They discovered112other speciesin thisregion thatare typicallyfound nearcoasts.（沉积物）The researcherslooked atthesoiltoo.These sedimentsnear themangroves revealedexactly whatweexpected“says ExequielEzcurra,an ecologistattheUniversity ofCalifornia.In all,the researchersturned up（碎片）.coastal stones,shells ofsea snailsand claysediments richin shellfragments Theseledtheresearchers toconcludethe areaused tobe partofthe ocean longago.puter modelsofhowsea levelhas changedovertimeconfirmed thosefindings.The modelsshowed thatwhen sealevelswere higherinthepast,theoceanflooded thelower basinoftheSanPedroMartirRiver.That wouldhave beenaround150,000to130,000years ago.This pushedred mangrovesand otherspecies inland.“This discoveryhighlights howchanges tothepastclimate haveaffected theworlds coastlines,Ezcurra says.“It alsooffers achance tobetter understandhow futuresealevelrise mayaffect theseecosystems.。
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