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房山区学年度第二学期学业水平调研
（一）20232024高二英语本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑When I was eight,I wanteda toyand needed$10to buyit.But,as usual,I wasbroke.I decidedto askmy1lyearoldsister,Kathleen,for aloan.She agreedto]me themoney,but added,“I will charge you10percent pound interest everymonth until you pay me back.”“pound interest-whats that”I asked.“Well,interest is the2money borrowershave to pay backon aloan Jshe explained,pound interest means that theinterest paymentsget biggerand bigger the longer you take to pay back the loan.,,Sure.I getit,“I said.Though truthfully,I wasgetting
3.Kathleen lentme themoney,and I4the toy.My birthdaycame a month later,and mymom gaveme$
10.That wasjust the amount I needed to buy another toy.I5paying my sister for amonth.After anothermonth,I forgotabout the loan.Several monthslater,on Christmasmorning,my sisterand Ieach founda$20bill inour stockings.I wasjust puttingitinto mypocket whenKathleen stoppedme.“Sorry,thats mine.Tm6on yourdebt.”Huh Then I remembered theloan.Hey!How canit bethat muchI onlyborrowed$
10.“True,she said,“but7has beenpounding foreight months.Now youowe me$
21.43・“、I refusedto8that a$10loan couldmore thandouble soquickly.Much tomy9mysister got herpenciland tabletand showedme exactlyhow itall addedup.This time,I gotthe basicidea ofpound interest.Ime how to use and manage my money.
1.A.hand B.lend C.give D.pay
2.A.limited B.exact C.extra D.same10the hardway thatborrowing moneycan bedouble trouble^^in notime.My sister successfully taught
3.A.satisfied B.confused C.frightened D.encouraged【题详解】27推理判断题根据文章第一段“He wouldtell me how thecow byitself is just a cow,and themeadow byitself isjustgrass and flowers,and thesun peekingthrough the trees isjust abeam oflight,but putthem alltogether andyoiTve got（他会告诉我，奶牛本身就是一头牛，草地本身就是草和花，从树丛中透出的阳光只是一束光，但把它magic.们放在一起，你就有了魔力）”以及全文内容可知，作者的父亲通过描述牛、草地和阳光等单个元素与它们组合在一起形成的美丽画面，传达了一个观念，即整体大于部分之和作者通过自己爬树救风筝并欣赏高处美景的经历，进一步体现了这个观念作者发现，虽然单独看牛、草地和阳光可能并不特别，但当它们组合在一起时，却形成了令人惊叹的美景同样地，作者在高处所体验到的不仅仅是美丽的景色，还有微风的味道、飞翔的感觉等，这些元素共同构成了作者难以忘怀的美好体验故选AC（散播）Making use of thewind,the wateror,for more than halfof allplant species,animals,plants disperseseeds（排泄）far andwide.Frugivores-animals such as gibbons that feedon thefleshy fruitsof plants-eat and then excreteseedsaway from the originaltree.The African savanna elephantcan carryseeds upto arecordbreaking distanceof65kilometres.This ability to shiftgeographical rangeswill becrucial toplants whenit esto survivingclimate change.However,just likeall gibbonspecies,the Africansavanna elephantis endangered,its populationdown by60percent overthe past50years.Researchers inDenmark and the USAhave publisheda newstudy intohow theloss of seeddispersing animalscould（恢复力）affect theresilience offorests andother naturalecosystems.They foundthat,historically,the declineof（温带的）seeddispersing animals has had the greatestinfluence onplants across the temperate regions ofNorth andSouthAmerica,Europe andsouthern Australia.Our temperateecosystems havelost alot of the naturalseeddispersal functionthat they would have hadJ explainsEvan Fricke,lead authorof thestudy,referring tolarge mammals that wereoncewidespread in these regions.Nevertheless,the poorconservation statusof manyseeddispersing tropicalanimals putsplants inregions such asSoutheast Asia and Madagascar most at risk today.Without thepreservation ofsuch animals,global seeddispersal coulddeclineby afurther15percent.The directimplication of this declineis thatmany plantspecies will be unableto keeppacewith a changing climateJ saysFricke.That meansthe potentialloss notonly ofplant biodiversitybut of the ecosystemfunctionsthat thoseplants provide.As wildlifeis lost,plants canno longeradapt andsurvive andforests beeless sustainable,which reducesthe amountofcarbon they can store.They alsolose theirabilityto support wildlife.Whole ecosystemsare disrupted.The conclusion,Fricke says,is clear:we mustconserve currentlyendangered speciesand restorethe populationsof importantseeddispersers.Independent ofclimate change,rewilding hasthe potentialto benefitour ecosystems,but in a changingclimate,it hasthe addedbenefit ofincreasing theclimate resilienceof thoseecosystems/9he says.
28.The authormentions the Africansavanna elephant in Paragraph1to.A.provide asolution B.predict theendingC.express anopinion D.highlight theproblem
29.As forseeddispersing animals,which wouldthe authoragree withA.They arevital andendangered.B.They arebeing wellconserved.C.They areunrelated towhole ecosystems.D.They arewidespread across the temperateregions.
30.What doesFricke concludefrom thestudyA.Seeddispersing animalsplay animportant rolein preventingclimate change.B.The lossof seeddispersinganimals hashardly affectedtemperateregions.C.Rewilding canpromote theclimate resilienceof our ecosystems.D.Plants disperseseeds byway ofanimals excretingthem.【答案】
28.D
29.A
30.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了动物帮助植物散播种子对生态系统至关重要，但许多散播种子的动物正濒临灭绝，尤其威胁到热带地区植被保护这些动物和重新引入它们有助于生态系统恢复力和应对气候变化【题详解】28推理判断题根据文章第一段“The Africansavanna elephantcan carryseeds upto arecordbreaking distanceof65kilometres.This abilityto shiftgeographical rangeswillbecrucial toplants whenit esto survivingclimate change.However,just likeall gibbonspecies,theAfricansavannaelephantis endangered,its populationdown by60percent over（非洲大草原大象可以携带种子达到公里的破纪录距离这种改变地理范围的能力对植物在thepast50years.65气候变化中生存至关重要然而，就像所有长臂猿物种一样，非洲大草原大象也濒临灭绝，其数量在过去年50中减少了）可知，作者提到非洲草原象的例子是为了展示动物在种子传播中的重要作用以及它们目前所60%”面临的生存威胁，以此强调问题的严重性故选项D【题详解】29推理判断题根据文章第二段“They foundthat,historically,the declineofseeddispersinganimalshashad thegreatest（他们发现，influence onplants acrossthe temperateregions ofNorth andSouth America,Europe andsouthern Australia.历史上，种子传播动物的减少对北美洲、南美洲、欧洲和澳大利亚南部这些温带地区的植物产生了最大的影I I响）”可知，种子传播动物非常重要，第三段uNevertheless,the poorconservation statusof manyseeddispersing tropical（尽管如此，许多散布种子的animals putsplants inregions suchas SoutheastAsiaandMadagascarmostatrisktoday.热带动物的保护状况不佳，使东南亚和马达加斯加等地区的植物今天面临的风险最大）”可知，许多热带地区种子传播动物保护状况不佳，故作者认为它们至关重要，且濒临灭绝故选项A【题详解】30细节理解题根据文章最后一段“Independent ofclimate change,rewilding hasthe potentialto benefitourecosystems,（不but inachangingclimate,it hasthe addedbenefit ofincreasing theclimate resilienceof thoseecosystems,he says.“受气候变化影响，重新引入野生动物可能使我们的生态系统受益，但在气候不断变化的背景下，这样做还有助于增强这些生态系统的气候恢复力，”他说道）”可知，从研究中得出的结论是重新野化可以提升我们Fricke生态系统的气候恢复力故选项CDA personcould beforgiven forbelieving20years agothat theInternet wouldsoon revolutioniseacademic publishing,because it became possiblefor publishersto spreadscholarly workattheclick ofa button-much cheaperthan the（订阅）traditional subscriptionbasedmodel.Recognising theopportunity,many scholarsand librariansstarted toadvocatea new,open access model,in whicharticles aremade freelyavailable onlineto anyone.The resultwould be a true onlinepublic libraryof science.However,more thantwo decadeslater,the movementhas madelittle progress,and thetraditional subscriptionbasedentrenched.model remains（）Fortunately,things arechanging.A bigshoe droppedwhen theUniversity ofCalifornia UC Libraries,on of thebiggest librarysystems,declined torenew itscontract withElsevier,a leadingscientific publisher.Elsevier wanted thelibraries topay two fees:one forits packageof licensed journals andthe otherfbr the use of Elseviers open access model.UC Librarieswanted thelicensed journalsfee tocover the open accessfee;they alsowanted open access to all UCresearches published in Elsevier journals.When thetwo sidescouldnt eto terms,the librarieswalked away.Actually,the open access revolutionis morelikely to be ledby researchfunding agencies,who canuse theirpursepower topromote open access.A teamof funders,Coalition S,insisted that any researchthey fundshould bepublished inajournal thatmakes allof itsarticles freelyand immediatelyavailable to the public,which iscalled PlanS.Now thatsome librariansand fundersare flexingtheir muscles,what shouldacademics doThe worstresponse（剥夺）would beto plainthat PlanS deprivesthem ofacademic freedom.Some thoughtfulacademics mightworry thatashift toopen accesswould affecttheir promotion.After all,subscription journalsare morefamiliar and more prestigious（有威望的）in thecurrent system.However,if enoughacademics supportopenaccess,the systemcould reacha tippingpointbeyond whichsubscriptions nolonger signalprestige.Reaching thatpoint wouldtake considerabletime andefforts,but it is possible.When the journal system started in1665,it waskind ofa formof openaccess.Journals allowedacademics to learn（商品化）.openly fromone another.It wasonly in the1900sthat the journalsystem becamethoroughly moditized Nowis thetime tobring itback toits roots.
31.What doesthe underlinedword entrenched”inParagraph2most probablymeanA Unpopular.B.Unfixed.C.Unchanged.D.Unknown.
32.What isthe maincause of the failednegotiation betweenUC Librariesand ElsevierA.The numberof publishedresearches.B.The chargefor openaccessmodel.C.The durationofthecontract.D.The wayof payment.
33.What can be inferredfromthepassageA.Academics thinkopenaccessmodel willhelp themget promoted.B.Publishers arewilling toabandon thesubscription modelgradually.C.Establishing atrueonlinepublic libraryof sciencerequires jointefforts.D.Open accessmodel willsoon takethe placeof subscriptionbasedmodel.
34.What isthe authorsattitude towardstheopenaccess modelA.Disapproving.B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Supportive.【答案】
31.C
32.B
33.C
34.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文文章主要讨论了学术出版领域中的开放获取模式与传统基于订阅的模式之间的对比和冲突题详解】[31词句猜测题根据划线单词上一句（然However,more thantwo decadeslater,the movementhas madelittle progress而，多年过去了，这项运动几乎没有取得任何进展）”可推测，传统的订阅模式依然根深蒂固所以20entrenched为“不变的；根深蒂固的”之意选项（不受欢迎）”；选项（不固定的）”；选项A UnpopularB UnfixedC（不变的）”；选项（未知的）”故选Unchanged DUnknown C【题详解】32细节理解题根据文章第三段“Elsevier wantedthe librariestopaytwofees:one forits packageof licensedjournals andtheother forthe use ofElseviersopenaccessmodel.UCLibrarieswantedthelicensedjournalsfee tocover theopenaccess fee;they alsowanted openaccess toall UCresearchespublishedinElsevierjournals.When thetwo sidescouldnt（希望图书馆支付两项费用一项是其授权期刊包，另一项是使用etoterms,the librarieswalked away.Elsevier爱思唯尔的开放获取模式加州大学图书馆希望授权期刊费用能够覆盖开放获取费用;他们还想开放访问所有发表在Elsevier期刊上的加州大学的研究当双方无法达成协议时，图书馆走开了y可知，加州大学图书馆和之间的谈判失败，主要是因为预期费用和访问权限上的分歧故选ElsevierBo【题详解】33推理判断题根据文章第五段uHowever,if enoughacademics supportopenaccess,the systemcould reacha tippingpointbeyond whichsubscriptions nolonger signalprestige.Reaching thatpoint wouldtake considerabletime andefforts,（然而，如果有足够多的学者支持开放获取，该系统可能会达到一个临界点，超过这个临界点，but itis possible.订阅就不再意味着威望达到这一点需要相当长的时间和努力，但这是可能的）”可知，建立一个真正的在线科学公共图书馆需要大家的共同努力故选C【题详解】34推理判断题根据文章最后一段u Whenthe journalsystemstartedin1665,it waskind ofa formof openaccess.Journalsallowed academicstolearnopenly fromone another.It wasonly in the1900sthatthejournalsystem becamethoroughly（商品化）.（当期刊系统在年开始的时候,它是一种开moditizedNowisthetime tobring itback toits roots1665放获取的形式期刊允许学者们公开地相互学习直到世纪，期刊系统才彻底商品化现在是时候把它带回20它的根源）”可知，当学术期刊系统在1665年开始时，它实际上是一种开放获取的形式,允许学者们互相公开学习只是在世纪，期刊系统才完全商品化现在是时候让它回归其本源了这些描述表明作者支持开放20获取模式，并认为应该将其恢复到最初的状态因此，作者对于开放获取模型的态度是支持的故选D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Emojis areeverywhere.They offereffective andfun waysto interactwith others.Used well,they can bee anengagingand creativeaddition tomunication.35One wellchosen emoji can replace many words of text.36Or athumbsup emoji might save you from writing out youragreement tosomething infull.37And when you canthear someonestone ofvoice orread theirbody language,an imagecanbeparticularlyhelpful for understanding their meaning.Emojis areclear,colorful,and designedto conveya singlemessage memorably—which hasbeen shownto increaseinterestand engagement.They standout amongtext,especially whenthe recipientis workingquickly oron themove.Many emojismean thesame thingto everyone,everywhere.38For example,a smilingface emojiwill letanyoneknow that youre happy,whatever languageyou speak!Emojis can help youto show your humanside,making youseem friendlierandmoreapproachable.Whats more,thebrain reactsto imagesof faces,and toreal faces,inavery similarway.Alongside all the potential benefits of emojis that weve listedabove there are also dangers youllneed toguardagainst.39For example,a redfacedcharacter could be angry,or embarrassed.Like anylanguage,you needto speakEmoji^^with care.If not,you runthe riskof creatingconfusion,conveying thewrong impression,or evencausing seriousoffense.A.Here are some ofthe reasons why emojis aresopopular.B.Many employeesin somewestern countriesare usingemojis atwork.C.An emoji is often easier and quicker to understand than a written explanation.D.So they can break through language barriers,and promoteeasy munication.E.For example,you couldselect anemoji ofa houseto setyour statusas workingfrom home.”F.A poorlychosen emojican causeproblems,because someoftheimages arenot universally understood.G.For example,the crossedfingers emojimeans goodluck insome places,but itsseen asan impolitesign inothers.【答案】
35.A
36.E
37.C
38.D
39.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章详细介绍了（表情符号）在各种情况下的应用、优势以及潜在风险，目emoji的是让读者了解并正确理解和使用emojio【题详解】35根据空前内容“Emojis areeverywhere.They offereffective andfiin waysto interactwith others.Used well,theycanbee（表情符号无处不在他们提供有效和有趣的方式与他人互动如an engagingand creativeaddition tomunication.果使用得当，它们可以成为交流中引人入胜和富有创造性的补充）”可知，上文提到了表情符号的正确使用可以成为交流中引人入胜和富有创造性的补充选项A Hereare someofthereasonswhyemojisaresopopular.（以下是表情符号如此流行的一些原因）”承上启下，承接上文说明表情符号的流行，同时引出下文指出其流行的原因故选A【题详解】36空前u Onewellchosen emojicanreplacemanywords oftext.（一个精心挑选的表情符号可以代替很多文字）”指出表情符号可以代替很多文字选项E For example,you couldselect anemoji ofa houseto setyour statusas“workingfromhome.”（例如，你可以选择一个房子的表情符号，将你的状态设置为“在家工作”）”与空后“Ora thumbsup（或者一个竖起大拇指的表情符号可能emojimightsaveyoufromwritingoutyouragreement tosomething infUH.会让你不用完整地写下你的同意）”都是第一句话的佐证，指出表情符号可以代替很多文字故选E题详解】[37根据下文内容“And whenyou canthear someonestone ofvoice orread theirbody language,an imagecanbe（当你听不到某人的语气或读不懂他们的肢体语言时,图像对particularly helpfulforunderstandingtheirmeaning.理解他们的意思特别有帮助）”可知，表情符号可以帮助我们理解对方的意思选项C Anemojiisofteneasier（表情符号通常比书面解释更容易、更容易理解）”与下文andquickertounderstandthanawrittenexplanation.内容一致，指的都是表情符号更容易理解故选C【题详解】38根据上文（许多表情符号在任何地方对每个人都有相“Many emojismean thesame thingto everyone,everywhere.同的含义）”可知，许多表情符号都有相同的含义D Sotheycanbreakthroughlanguagebarriers,andpromoteeasymunication.（所以它们可以突破语言障碍，促进轻松的交流）”是上文内容的自然延续，指出许多表情符号在任何地方对每个人都有相同的含义，因此可以突破语言障碍，帮助我们轻松交流故选Do【题详解】39根据空前内容u Alongsideallthepotentialbenefitsofemojis that we，ve listedabove,therearealsodangersyoull加©证迎口@疝让（除了我们上面列出的表情符号的所有潜在好处之外，你还需要提防一些危险）”可知，08811表情符合也有不好的地方选项FA poorlychosenemojican causeproblems,because someoftheimages arenot（选择不当的表情符号可能会造成问题，因为有些表情符号并不是所有人都能理解的）”universallyunderstood.延续上文内容，指的是有的表情符号并不是所有人都能理解的与下文所举例子Forexample,a redfacedcharactercould beangry,orembarrassed.（例如，一个红脸人物可能表示生气或尴尬）”内容相符故选Fo第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第
40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题摩天大楼Skyscrapers arethe ultimatesymbol ofurban life.By2050,almost80percent ofthe earthspopulationcould livein cities.The humanpopulation couldincrease to
9.1billion peopleyet theamount of land availablefor farmingwillbe thesame.How tomeet theincreasing foodneeds ofour planetcould bea big problem.Vertical farms,where urbanfarmers couldgrow cropsin environmentallyfriendly skyscrapers,could be the solution.In spiteof concernsover highcosts,experts want to makethese urbanfarms areality anduse theseskyscrapers togrowcrops.They believethatwecan increasefood productionby changingour thinkingfrom outto up.Vertical farmswouldhavemany advantages,experts say.The foodwould begrown withminimal effectson theenvironment.Unlike traditionalfarming,vertical farmingwould notforce animalsout oftheir habitatsby takingover largeareas ofland,nor wouldit pollutethe air with the use of heavy farming equipment.Those farmswould alsoreduce thecostand negative effects oftransporting foodover longdistances.These havebeen wellrecognized.Growing prosperityhas ledto manypeople demandingthat allfoods areavailable allyear round.Indoor farmingcould produce crops constantly and crops would not sufferfrom weatherrelatedproblems like drought or flooding.Inaddition,the useof agricultural chemicals forcontrolling insectswould beminimal.Experts agreethat newfarming practicesare neededtosupportthe planefsneed formore andmore foodat affordablecosts,both tothe farmerand tothe consumer.Vertical farmsmay bea smallscaleanswer,but thebest ideascould beyet toe.
40.According tothis passage,what couldbea bigproblem
41.What would betheadvantages ofvertical farming
42.Please decidewhich part is falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.Vertical farmscould meetpeoples demandfor availablefood allyear roundsbecause it could producecropsconstantly and crops wo〃以not be affected byproblems.
43.In additionto verticalfarms,what elsedo youthink canhelp solvethe foodshortage Inabout40words【答案】
40.How tomeet theincreasing foodneeds ofour planet.
44.Minimal environmentalimpact,no habitatdisruption foranimals,reduced airpollution,lower transportationcosts andeffects,constant cropproduction,and minimaluseof agriculturalchemicals.
45.The falsepart iscrops would not beaffected by any problemsAlthough indoorfarming canprovide constantproduction and avoid weatherrelated issues likedrought orflooding,it doesnot mean crops are immune toall problems.Other factorssuchasdisease,pests,or technicalmalfunctions couldstill affectcrop growth,so thispart ofthe statementisoverly absolute and therefore false.
46.Other solutionsto address food shortages could involve improving crop yields through advanced genetics andprecision agriculture,promoting sustainablefarming practicesto preservesoil health,reducing foodwaste throughbettersupply chainmanagement,and increasingpublic awarenessabout balanceddiets toreduce pressureon specificfoodgroups.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了垂直农场作为应对未来食物需求增长和环境保护的新型农业模式，能够在城市中高效、环保地生产食物题详解】40考查细节理解根据第一段中.（如何“How tomeet theincreasing foodneeds ofour planetcouldbeabigproblem满足地球日益增长的粮食需求可能是一个大问题）”可知，随着地球人口增加至亿且可耕种土地面积不变，91如何满足日益增长的食物需求成为了一个重大问题故答案为How tomeet theincreasing foodneeds ofour planeto题详解】[41考查细节理解根据第三段中“The foodwould begrown withminimal effectson theenvironment.Unlike traditionalfarming,vertical farmingwould notforce animalsout oftheir habitatsby takingover largeareasofland,nor woulditpollute theairwith the useofheavyfarmingequipment.Those farmswould alsoreduce thecost andnegativeeffectsof（这种食物的种植对环境的影响微乎其微与传统农业不同，垂直农业不会transporting foodover longdistances.占领大片土地，迫使动物离开栖息地，也不会使用重型农业设备污染空气这些农场还将减少长途运输粮食的成本和负面影响）”及第四段中uIndoor farmingcould producecrops constantlyand crops would notsuffer fromweatherrelatedproblems likedrought orflooding.In addition,theuseof agriculturalchemicals forcontrolling insects（室内农业可以持续生产作物，作物不会受到干旱或洪水等天气相关问题的影响此外，用于would beminimal.控制昆虫的农用化学品的使用将是最低限度的）”可知，垂直农业的优点，包括对环境影响小、不破坏动物栖息地、减少空气污染、降低长途运输食物的成本和负面影响、能够持续生产作物以及减少农药使用故答案为Minimal environmentalimpact,no habitatdisruption foranimals,reduced airpollution,lower transportationcosts andeffects,constant cropproduction,and minimaluseofagricultural chemicalso【题详解】42考查推理判断根据第四段中“Indoor farmingcould producecrops constantlyandcrops wouldnotsuffer fromweatherrelatedproblems likedrought orflooding.In addition,theuseofagriculturalchemicals forcontrolling insects（室内农业可以持续生产作物，作物不会受到干旱或洪水等天气相关问题的影响此外，用于wouldbeminimal.控制昆虫的农用化学品的使用将是最低限度的）”可知，室内农业能持续生产且不受天气影响，但并未说作物不会受到任何问题的影响，它们仍然可能受到疾病、害虫和操作问题等问题的影响因此，所给句子u Verticalfarmscould meetpeoples demandfor availablefood allyear round,because itcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcrops.（垂直农场可以满足人们全年对可用粮食的需求，因为它可以持续生产作wouldnot beaffected byany problems物，作物不会受到任何问题的影响）”中（作物不会受到任何问题的“cropswouldnot beaffected byany problems影响）”这一表述过于绝对,是错误的故答案为The falsepartis“cropswouldnotbeaffectedbyanyproblems”.Although indoorfarming canprovide constantproduction and avoidweatherrelatedissueslikedroughtorflooding,it doesnotmeancropsareimmunetoallproblems.Other factorssuchasdisease,pests,or technicalmalfunctions couldstill affectcropgrowth,so thispart ofthe statementis overlyabsoluteandthereforefalse.【题详解】43开放性题目此题要求提出除垂直农业外的其他解决食物短缺的方案，答案不唯一，合理即可解决粮食短缺的其他解决方案可能包括通过先进的遗传学和精准农业提高作物产量，促进可持续农业实践以保护土壤健康，通过更好的供应链管理减少粮食浪费，提高公众对均衡饮食的认识以减轻特定粮食群体的压力Other solutionstoaddressfoodshortagescouldinvolveimprovingcropyieldsthroughadvancedgeneticsandprecision agriculture,promoting sustainablefarming practicesto preservesoil health,reducing foodwaste throughbetter supplychainmanagement,and increasingpublic awarenessabout balanceddiets toreduce pressureon specificfood groups.第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高二学生李华你的英国好友遇到了时间管理方面的问题，特发来邮件向你求助,请
47.Jim你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括表示安慰;
1.给出建议
2.注意.词数左右；
1100.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数2Dear Jim,
4.A.sold B.made C.fixed D.bought
5.A.put off
8.took upC.ended up
10.startedoff
6.A.relying B.focusing C.carryingD.collecting
7.A.interest B.cost
9.taxD.salary
8.A.announce B.promise C.prove D.believe
9.A.annoyance B.regret C.relief D.delight
10.A.questioned B.explained C.learned D.explored【答案】l.B
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.A
10.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历本来作者只借了姐姐美元，可是10最终作者的债务累加到了美元经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理
21.43【题详解】1考查动词词义辨析句意她同意借钱给我，但补充道“我会每月向你收取的复利，直到你还我为止10%上交;借出；给予;支付根据A.hand B.lend C.give D.pay“I decidedto askmy11yearold sister,Kathleen,foraloan.”可知，作者是向姐姐借钱故选B【题详解】2考查形容词词义辨析句意“嗯，利息是借款人必须偿还贷款的额外资金，”她解释道限的；A.limited B.精确的；额外的;相同的根据exact C.extra D.same poundinterestmeansthattheinterest paymentsget biggerand可知，利息是借钱人在归还贷款时额外付的钱故选biggerthelongeryoutake topaybacktheloan.C【题详解】3考查形容词词义辨析句意:尽管说实话，我还是感到困惑满意的；困惑的；害satisfied B.confused C.frightened怕的；鼓励的根据下文D.encouraged“Huh”Then Irememberedtheloan.Hey!How canitbethat muchI only可知，作者不是很明白，所以感到困惑故选borrowed$10/,B【题详解】4考查动词词义辨析句意凯萨琳借钱给我，我买了玩具售出；制造；固定；A.sold B.made C.fixed D.bought买根据上文u When I waseight,I wanteda toyand needed$10to buyit.可知，作者借钱买了玩具故选D题详解】5考查动词短语词义辨析句意我推迟了一个月给姐姐还钱又过了一个月，我忘记了借钱的事推A.put off迟；拿起；结束；启动根据B.took upC.ended upD.started off“My birthdaycame amonth later,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,I understandyour strugglewith timemanagement andwanttooffer somefbrt.Its askill thattakes timeto develop,but withpractice,youll getthere.To helpyou out,I suggestyou startby identifyingyour prioritiesand allocatingtime accordingly.Additionally,setclear goalsand worktowards themstep bystep.Remember tostay focusedand avoid unnecessary distractions.With thesetips in mind,Im surethat youllfind away tomanage yourtime effectively.Good luck!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信要求给英国好友写封回信，就其遇到的时间管理方面Jim的问题表示安慰并给出建议【详解】.词汇积累1想要want—would like建议suggest—advise止匕夕卜additionally—in addition不必要的一unnecessary uncalledfor/needless.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句Remember tostay focusedandavoidunnecessary distractions.拓展句Remember tostay focusedso thatyou canavoidunnecessarydistractions.【点睛】【高分句型（运用了引导的1]Its askill thattakes timeto develop,but withpractice,youll getthere.that定语从句）【高分句型（运用了2]With thesetipsinmind,Im surethat youllfind away tomanage yourtime effectively.that引导的宾语从句）可知，作者得到的钱又要买另外一and mymom gaveme$
10.That wasjusttheamountI neededtobuyanothertoy.个玩具，所以推迟了还钱故选A【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意对不起，那是我的我在收你的债依赖；聚焦；搬A.relying B.focusing C.carrying运；收集根据可知，D.collecting“I willcharge you10percent poundinterest everymonth untilyou payme back.姐姐向作者收债故选D【题详解】7考查名词词义辨析句意但利息已经复利八个月了现在你欠我美元利息;成本；
21.43A.interest B.cost C.税收；工资根据可tax D.salary Iwillchargeyou10percent poundinterest everymonthuntilyoupaymeback.”知，除了收债，还有利息故选A【题详解】8考查动词词义辨析句意我不相信一笔美元的贷款能这么快翻倍宣布；承诺；10A.announce B.promise C.prove证明；相信根据和D.believe“This time,I gotthe basicidea ofpoundinterest.“thata$10loan couldmorethandoublesoquickly.v可知，作者无法相信10美元的贷款会有那么多的利息故选D【题详解】9考查名词词义辨析句意令我非常恼火的是，我姐姐拿着她的铅笔和平板，向我展示了利息是如何叠加的烦恼；遗憾；宽慰；喜悦根据A.annoyance B.regret C.relief D.delight mysistergother penciland tabletand showed可知，姐姐向作者展示,让作者更恼火故选me exactlyhow itall addedup.A【题详解】10考查动词词义辨析句意:我了解到借钱很快就会成为“双重麻烦”质疑；解释；A.questioned B.explained C.了解，学习；探索根据learned D.explored Mysistersuccessfullytaught mehow touse andmanagemymoney.可知，作者从这次经历了解到借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦故选C第二节共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空The LittlePrince11tell usthe importanceof lookingbeneath thesurface ofthings touncover theirreal meanings.I likeit becauseitissimple,and yetit reallymade methink alot12life anddeath,love andresponsibility,friendship andloneliness.One ofthe mostmemorable charactersin thebook is a rose,13the littleprince fellin lovewith.【答案】
11.tells
12.about
13.which【解析】【导语•】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了《小王子》告诉我们一些道理，令人印象深刻【题详解】11考查时态和主谓一致句意《小王子》告诉我们透过事物的表面去发现其真正意义的重要性陈述客观事实，用一般现在时主语是The LMe谓语动词用第三人称单数形式故填tells【题详解】12考查介词句意我喜欢它，因为它很简单，但它确实让我思考了很多关于生与死、爱与责任、友谊与孤独的问题思考，考虑故填think aboutabout【题详解】考查定语从句句意书中最令人难忘的人物之一是一朵玫瑰花，小王子爱上了它句中先行13词为在非限定性定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词引导故填rose,which whichB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1When Ihurried tothe store,I sawthatthebooks werealready beingpacked into14box.I hada longchat withCasey,the storeselderly owner.Sighing15deep,he toldmehow it wasbeing difficultto runan independentbookstore.Moreand more customers16attract bychain storesand onlinediscounts.I triedto thinkof somewordsofsympathy,17I hadtoadmit thatthe RainbowBookstore couldntstay inbusiness muchlonger.【答案】
14.boxes
15.deeply
16.were attracted
17.but【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者去书店看到其面临困境及与店主交谈【题详解】14考查名词的数句意当我匆忙赶到书店时，我看到书已经被装进箱子里了名词为可数名词，前面无冠box词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式故填boxes【题详解】15考查副词句意他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店变得多么困难修饰动词，用副词形式deeply,表示“深深地”故填deeply【题详解】16考查时态和语态句意越来越多的顾客被连锁店和网上折扣所吸引陈述过去事情，用一般过去时主语为复数形式，与之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，More andmorecustomersattract动词应用故填be werewere attractedo【题详解】17考查连词句意我试图想些同情的话，但我不得不承认，彩虹书店不能再经营下去了前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词故填but butC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Its atragic storythat18begin in1810when humansarrived onMacquarie Island.In theirships theyunknowinglybrought rats and mice.These smallanimals quicklytook overthe island,19eat the birds9eggs andattacking babybirds.Cats were brought tothe island20control theratsandmice.Unfortunately,the catssubsequently developedan appetiteforthebirds,too.【答案】
18.begins
19.eating
20.to control【解析】【导语这是一篇说明文主要介绍了人类进入麦夸里岛后给该岛屿的生态带来的一系列连锁反应【题详解】18考查动词时态句意这是一个悲剧故事，始于年人类抵达麦夸里岛时引导定语从句，后面缺少谓1810that语动词，根据可知，空处需填一般现在时指代单数名词谓语也用单数，故填is thatstory,begins【题详解】19考查非谓语动词句意这些小动物很快占领了岛屿，吃掉了鸟蛋并攻击小鸟宝宝分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词故空处需填非谓语动词，和之间是主动关系，故用现在分词took over,These smallanimals“eat”作状语故填eating【题详解】20考查非谓语动词句意猫被带到岛上来控制老鼠和小鼠分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词werebrought,故空处需填非谓语动词，表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语故填t control第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑If yourean Englishlearner oran Englishspeaker lookingto widenyour vocabulary,a good dictionary app isa must.Merriam WebsterMerriamWebsterisawellknown andhighly trusteddictionary.The appprovides qualitydefinitions,audiopronunciations andusage examples.It evenlets yousearch forwords byspeaking them!This featureis perfectwhen youhear a word you dontunderstand butarent surehow its written.Oxford Dictionaryof EnglishTheOxford Dictionaryof Englishapp isa prehensiveand reliableresource for English languagereference.The appprovidesclear andconcise definitions,along withaudio pronunciationsand examplesentences.You canalso accesssynonyms,antonyms andword origins.Additionally,the appoffers offlinefunctionality,allowing youto accessthedictionary even without an internet connection.VocabularyThe Vocabularydictionary appis excellentfor English learners becauseit hasvery easytounderstand definitions.Thesite says its as if your favorite teacher were explaining it to you.Each definitionhas explanations of what the wordmeansand alsowhen andhow youwould useit.It eventurns learninginto agame byletting youearn points!FluentUFluentU takesrealworld videosand turnsthem intopersonalized languagelearning lessons.It usesa naturalapproachthat helpsyou easeinto theEnglish languageand cultureover time.Youll learnEnglish asits spokenin reallife.The bestpartisthatFluentU keepstrack ofthe vocabularythatyourelearning andgives youextra practicewith difficultwords.Iteven remindsyou whenits timeto review!
21.MerriamWebster appcanhelpEnglish learners.A.find rightwords tospeak perfectEnglishB.search fora wordevenwithoutaninternetconnectionC.learn difficultwords bypracticing moreand reviewingD.look fora wordwhen theyare unsureabout itsspelling22Which dictionary app provesEnglishlearnerswith simpledefinitions and interesting learningA.MerriamWebster.B.Oxford Dictionaryof English.C.Vocabulary.D.FluentU.
23.Whafs themain purposeofthispassageA.To remenduseful dictionary apps.B.To givesuggestions onEnglish learning.C.To offeradvice onhowtouseadictionaryapp.D.To introducethe sourcesof Englishvocabulary.【答案】2LD
22.C
23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了四种不同的英语词典或学习应用，分别阐述了它们的特点、功能和优势旨在为读者提供关于这些英语学习工具的信息，以便他们根据自己的需求选择合适的工具题详解】[21细节理解题根据文章Merriam Webster中的“The appprovides qualitydefinitions,audio pronunciationsand usageexamples.It evenlets yousearch forwords byspeaking them!This featureis perfectwhenyouhearawordyoudontunderstand butarent surehowit，swritten.（该应用程序提供了高质量的定义、音频发音和用法示例它甚至可以让你通过说话来搜索单词！当你听到一个不理解但又不确定它是怎么写的单词时，这个功能是完美的）”可知，应用允许用户通过说出单词来搜索单词，这在不确定单词的拼写时非常有用故选MerriamWebster D【题详解】22细节理解题根据文章Vocabulary中的uThe Vocabularydictionaryappis excellentforEnglishlearners becauseit hasveryeasytounderstanddefinitions.The sitesaysits“asifyourfavoriteteacherwereexplainingittoyou.Each definitionhasexplanationsofwhattheword meansand alsowhen andhowyouwould useit.It eventurns learninginto agame by（词典应用程序非常适合英语学习者，因为它有非常容易理解的定义该网站letting youearn points!Vocabulary称，“就像你最喜欢的老师在给你解释一样”每个定义都解释了这个词的意思，以及何时以及如何使用它它甚至把学习变成了一种游戏，让你获得积分！）”可知，词典应用为英语学习者提供了简单易懂的Vocabulary定义，并且将学习过程变得有趣故选C【题详解】23推理判断题根据文章第一段“If yourean Englishlearner oran Englishspeaker lookingto widenyour vocabulary,a（如果你是一个英语学习者或一个想要扩大词汇量的英语使用者，一个好的字典应gooddictionaryappisamust.用程序是必须的）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了四种不同的英语词典或学习应用，包括它们的特点、功能和优势，旨在为读者推荐这些有用的词典应用，以便他们根据自己的需求选择合适的工具来辅助英语学习故选AWhen I was little,my dadwould letme sitbeside himotheporch whilehe painted.He wouldtell mehow thecow byitself isjust acow,andthemeadow byitselfisjust grass andflowers,andthesun peekingthrough thetrees isjustabeamof light,but putthem alltogether andyouve gotmagic.I understoodwhat hewas saying,but I never feltwhat hewas sayinguntil oneday whenI wasup inthe sycamoretreeto rescue a kite stuck inthe branches.It wasa longway up,but Ithought Idgive ita shot.I startedclimbing.Then Ilookeddown.And suddenlyI gotdizzy andweak.I wasmiles offthe ground!But thekite wasstill beyondmy reach.I caughtmybreath andforced myselfto concentrateon thekite asI climbedup.WhenIhad thekite free,Ineededa minuteto rest.Thats whenthe fearof being up so high beganto lift,and initsplace came the most amazing feeling that Iwas flying.Just soaringabove theearth,sailing amongthe clouds.Then I got tonotice howwonderful thebreeze smelled.It seemedlike sunshineand wildgrassandrain!I couldntstopbreathing itin,filling mylungs againand againwiththesweetest smellId everknown.I nevergot overthe view.I keptthinking ofwhat itfelt liketo beup sohigh inthat tree.I wantedto seeit,to feelit,again.And again.It wasntlong beforeI wasnt afraid of beingup sohighand foundthe spotthat becamemy spot.I couldsit thereforhours,just lookingout atthe world.Sunsets wereamazing.Some daystheyd bepurple andpink,some daystheyd beablazing orange,setting fireto cloudsacrossthehorizon.（观念）It wasonaday likethat whenmy father^notion movedfrom myhead tomy heart.The viewfrom mysycamorewas morethan rooftopsand cloudsand windand colorsbined.
24.Why didthe authorclimb upthe sycamoretreeA.To practiceclimbing skills.B.To geta trappedkite.C.To proveher courage.D.To playinthetree.
25.The authorsclimbing experiencewas.A.wellplanned andinteresting B.adventurous butrewardingC.petitive andimaginative D.unusual butpainful
26.The authorliked beingup high inthetree because.A.she couldenjoy morethan goodviewsB.her fatherencouraged herto dosoC.itcouldhelp herto concentrateD.thetreehadthesweetest smell
27.What doesthe authorintend totell usA.The wholeis greaterthan thesum ofits parts.B.Beautiful thingsdont askfor attention.C.Positive actionleads tohappiness.D.Practice makesperfect.【答案】
24.B
25.B
26.A
27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要叙述作者小时候和父亲一起在门廊上画画、后来爬到梧桐树上去救卡在树枝上的风筝以及经常坐在梧桐树上欣赏美景的经历，表达了对生活中美好事物的感受和体验【题详解】24细节理解题根据文章第二段“I understoodwhat hewas saying,but Inever feltwhat hewas sayinguntil oneday when（我明白他在说什么，但我从来没有感觉到他在Iwasup inthe sycamoretree torescueakitestuckinthebranches.说什么，直到有一天我爬到梧桐树上去救一只卡在树枝上的风筝）”可知，作者爬树的原因是为了取回卡在树枝上的风筝故选B【题详解】25推理判断题根据文章第二段（我开始“I startedclimbing.ThenIlooked down.And suddenlyIgotdizzy andweak.往上爬然后我往下看突然间，我感到头晕和虚弱）”以及第三段“Tha/s whenthe fearof beingup sohigh began.（就在这时，对飞得这么高的恐惧开始消失，to lift,andinits placecamethemostamazingfeelingthatIwasflying取而代之的是一种最奇妙的感觉，那就是我在飞翔）”可知，这一过程充满了冒险性，因为树很高，作者感到害怕和眩晕但随后，当作者成功救下风筝并开始享受在高处的风景时，她体验到了非常美妙的感受，仿佛自己在飞翔因此，这次经历虽然冒险，但给予了作者很大的回报和满足感故选B【题详解】26细节理解题根据文章第五段“Inevergot overthe view.I keptthinking ofwhat itfelt liketobeupsohighinthat tree.（我从来没有欣赏过这里的景色我一直在想站在那么高的树上是什I wantedto seeit,to feelit,again.And again.么感觉我想再次看到它，感受它一次又一次）”和第六段uIt wasn^long beforeI wasn9tafraidofbeingup sohighand foundthe spotthat becamemy spot.I couldsit therefor hours,just lookingout atthe world.Sunsets wereamazing.（没Some daystheyd bepurple andpink,some daystheyd bea blazingorange,setting fireto cloudsacrossthehorizon.过多久，我就不再害怕站在这么高的地方，找到了属于我的位置我可以在那里坐上几个小时，看着外面的世界日落是惊人的有时它们是紫色和粉红色的，有时它们是耀眼的橙色，点燃了地平线上的云）”可知，当作者坐在高处时，不仅可以看到美丽的景色，还可以闻到微风的清新味道，感受到飞翔的感觉作者描述了自己对高处的热爱，并且希望能够再次体验那种感觉因此，作者喜欢在高处是因为她可以享受到的不仅仅是美丽的景色，还有其他的感官体验故选A。
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