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北师大实验中学学年度第二学期期中试卷20232024高一年级英语考生须知
1.本试卷共13页，共4道大题，81道小题；答题纸共2页满分120分考试时间100分钟
2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号
3.试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效
4.在答题卡上，选择题须用2B铅笔将选中项涂黑涂满，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答第一部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项In2008,Calvin Lowesfouryearold son Tyler needed to have a serious operation.On theappointed dayof the operation,he and his wifebrought Tylerto ChildrensHospital Coloradoin Denver.“Aswe satin thewaiting room,waiting fbrsomeone tocall usback to the operationarea,there was a lot of]in ourhearts JLoweremembered.When anurse calledthe familyback,Lowes fears2,A youngdoctor walkedinto theroom andtold the（进行）,couple thathe wouldbe3the operation.As the doctor began to4how theoperation wouldproceed Lowes mindwent to the worstpossible5,But thenthe doctordid something
6.He lookedboth Lowe and his wife in the eye,put a7hand on each of their shoulders,and said,“Today,your sonis myson.^^After theoperation wasover,thedoctorcame backout to the familywith abig smileand said,Our sonis justfine,and you can seehim herein a few minutes.”Tyler is now19years oldand hopesto beea professionalphotographer.All theseyears aftertheoperation,Lowe stillthinksabout theyoung doctorskindness.I willnever forgetthat,“Lowe said.Because thatwas indeeda8of stressthen.I canttell youhow9we bothwere forwhat hesaid to us thatday.It wasvery10and meaningful.
1.A.shock B.anxiety C.sadness D.anger
2.A.faded B.grew C.appeared D.stopped
3.A.receiving B.recording C.performing D.missing
4.A.learn B.discover C.guess D.explain
5.A.choice B.reaction C.way D.result
6.A.unexpected B.confusing C.necessary D.excellent（掩盖）wide range of socialproblems.Emotional intelligence is important,but theuncontrolled enthusiasmhas obscuredadark side.New evidenceshows thatwhen peoplesharpen their emotional skills,they beebetter atcontrolling others.When youregood atcontrolling your own emotions,you canhide yourtrue feelings.When youknow whatothers arefeeling,youcanmotivate themto actagainst their own bestinterests.Social scientistshave begunto documentthis dark side of emotional intelligence.In a research conductedbyProfessor JochenMenges fromUniversity ofToronto,when aleader gavean inspiringspeech filledwith emotion,the（讽刺的是）,audience wasless likelyto examinethe messageclosely andremember thecontent.Ironically audiencememberswere somoved by the speechthat theyclaimed torecall moreof it.（敬畏的）The authorscall this the awestruckeffect,but itmight justas easilybe described as the dumbstruck effect.一One observerreflected thatHitlers persuasiveimpact camefrom his ability tostrategically expressemotions he would一“tear openhis heart^^and theseemotions affectedhis followersto thepoint that they would“stop thinkingcritically（激动地表达感情）and just emoteLeaders whomaster emotionscan robus of our abilitiesto reason.If theirvalues areout ofstep withourown,theresults can be destructive.New evidencesuggests thatwhen people have selfishmotives,emotional intelligencebees aweaponfor controllingothers.Throwing lighton this darkside of emotional intelligenceis one missionof aresearch teamled byUniversity College（伪装）London professorMartin Kilduff.According to these experts,emotional intelligencehelps peopledisguise onesetof emotions while expressing another for personal gain.Professor Kilduffsteam writes,“The strategicdisguise of onesown emotions and thecontrolling ofothers emotionsfbr strategicends arebehaviors evidentnot onlyon Shakespearesstagebut alsoin theoffices andcorridors wherepower andinfluence aretraded.”Of course,people arentalways usingemotional intelligencefbr evilends.More oftenthan not,high EQis helpfulinmost aspects ofourlife.Emotional intelligence—like anyskill—canbeused forgood orevil.So whetherit isa giftor acurselies inyour hand.
22.Why doesthe authormention Martin Luther King,JrA.To advocatea societywith fewerproblems.B.To remendhis speechto otherleaders.C.To honor the greatleader forhis courage.D.To introducethe majortopic toreaders.
23.What is thedumbstruckeffect ofHitlers emotional intelligenceA.His followers would tear open theirhearts tohim.B.His followerswould expressemotions strategically.C.His followerswould developthe selfservingmotives.D Hisfollowerswouldlose the ability toreason properly.
24.How dopeople usetheiremotionalintelligence forpersonal gainA.They disguisetheir trueemotionsandshow anotherone.B.They presenttheir strategicbehaviors on the stage.C.They helptheir colleaguesto buildup confidence.D.They lowertheirowndignity togain popularity.
25.What wouldbe the best titlefor the passageA.The benefitsofemotionalintelligence.B.The reasonsfor usingemotional skills.C.The darkside ofemotionalintelligence.D.The advantagesand disadvantagesof emotions.【答案】【解析】
22.D
23.D
24.A
25.C【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了什么是情商及情商的阴暗面【题详解】22推理判断题根据第一段“When MartinLuther King.Jr.presented hisdream,he choselanguage that would stir thehearts of his audience.Delivering thiselectrifying messagerequired emotionalintelligence—the ability to recognize,（当马丁•路德•金在讲述他的梦想时，他选择了能够触动听众心弦的语言传understand,and manageemotions.递这种激动人心的信息需要情商一一即识别、理解和管理情绪的能力）”可知，马丁•路德•金的演讲就是运用了情商而情商就是文章的主题，所以引用马丁•路德•金的例子就是引出主题故选D【题详解】23细节理解题根据第四段“One observerreflected thatHitlers persuasiveimpact camefrom hisabilitytostrategicallyexpress emotions-hewouldtearopenhis heart,,一and theseemotions affectedhis followerstothepoint that they would（激动地表达感情）（一位观察家反映，希特勒的说服力来自于他策略性stop thinkingcritically andjustemote地表达情绪的能力——他会“撕开自己的心”——这些情绪影响着他的追随者，以至于他们“停止批判性思考，只是情绪化）”可知，希特勒的情商会让他的追随者失去理智故选D【题详解】24细节理解题根据倒数第二段u According totheseexperts,emotionalintelligencehelps peopledisguise（伪装）one.（根据这些专家的说法，情商可以帮助人们掩饰一种情set ofemotionswhileexpressinganotherforpersonalgain绪，同时表达另一种情绪以获取个人利益）”可知，情商可以使人们掩饰他们自己的真实情感，展示另一种情感故选A【题详解】25主旨大意题通读全文，结合第三段uSocial scientistshave begunto documentthisdarksideofemotional.（社会科学家已经开始记录情商的黑暗面）”可知，文章前两段介绍什么是情商，从第三段开始intelligence主要介绍情商的阴暗面，并举例论证所以本文主要讲的是情商的阴暗面，故选项“情商的黑暗面”是文章C最佳标题故选C第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选（文明）.Humankind hastried toimprove itsstandard ofliving sincethe verybeginning ofcivilization Back then,andtoday,providing foodwas thebasic taskfor aperson.26People feelthe needfor notonly someprimary things,such as（人类）bread andshelters,but alsofor variousfacilities andluxuries.Providing humanitywith thesethings isconnectedto theuse ofnatural resources,which requiresenergy.In turn,the monsources of energy weuse todaycause pollution,soeconomic growthis almostinevitably connectedwith environmentaldamage.27The firstof theseis thefact thatin orderto producemore goodsand products,at afaster rate,the constructionoflarge industrialplants isrequired.These plantsproduce alot ofwaste,which maycause negativelongterm healtheffectsto nearbypopulations of animals,or people.The traditionalenergy sources,which aremonly usednowadays,are consideredto bethe greatestpolluters totheenvironment.There alsoexist socalledecofriendly sources ofenergy.28Of course,during thistime peoplehave to make（企业）.some sacrificesto supportthese undertakings（彳可避免的）.In orderto producepractical energy,a transformationof thenatural siteis ofteninevitable29Application of wind energy would block airflows natural speed.Consequently,the pressurebalance thatisbrought about by this current will be affected,and itis importantto rememberthat the environment andweather conditionsare directly affected by atmospheric pressure.30This isthe emban*assment mankindhas todeal with.A goodbalancebetween economicdevelopment andsustainability isforever whathumankind hasto keepin mindA.There are certain aspectsof economic growth which affect theenvironment.B.Clean energyhas alwaysbeen on the prioritylist for a betterenvironment.C.For thesereasons,bringing abouteconomic growthwithout anyresulting environmentaldamage isimpossible.D.However,nowadays therange ofrequired goodshas expandedsignificantly.E.So humankindbegantomake explorationto satisfythemselves economicallyand mentally.F.They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them alsorequires time.G.This is expensive and,has harmfuleffects on theenvironment.【答案】
26.D
27.A
28.F
29.G
30.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讨论了人类提高生活水平与环境污染之间的关系【题详解】26根据上文.（无论是过去还是现在，提供食物“Backthen,and today,providing foodwas thebasic taskfor aperson都是一个人的基本任务）”和下文uPeople feelthe needfor notonly someprimary things,such asbread andshelters,（人们不仅需要一些基本的东西，如面包和住所，而且需要各种设施和but alsofor variousfacilities andluxuries.奢侈品）”可知，上下文都在描述人类需求的改变，从最初的提供食物到现在需要更多的商品和奢侈品因此，需要一个转折句来连接这两个观点，说明现在所需商品的范围已经显著扩大项D However,nowadays the（然而，如今所需商品的范围已经大大扩大了）符合语境range ofrequired goodshas expandedsignificantly.故选D【题详解】27根据下文“The firstof theseisthefact thatin orderto producemore goodsand products,at afaster rate,the constructionoflarge industrialplants isrequired.These plantsproduce alot ofwaste,which maycause negativelongterm healtheffects』首先，为了以更快的速度生产更多的商品和产品，需要建设大型工to nearbypopulations of animals,or people业工厂这些植物产生大量的废物，这可能会对附近的动物或人的健康造成长期的负面影响可知本段主要介I,绍了经济增长对环境造成的负面影响项A Therearecertainaspectsofeconomic growthwhichaffectthe（经济增长的某些方面会影响环境）总引下文，符合语境故选environment.A【题详解】28根据上文“There alsoexist socalledecofriendlysourcesofenergy.（也有所谓的环保能源）”和下文u Ofcourse,duringthis timepeoplehavetomakesome sacrificesto supportthese undertakings（企业）.（当然，在这段时间里，人们必须做出一些牺牲来支持这些事业）”可知，空处应该指出环保能源的使用现状，F项中的“time”和下文中的对应项“during thistime”F Theyaresometimespreferredbutreplacingthetraditionalsourceswiththemalso requirestime.（它们有时更受欢迎，但用它们代替传统的来源也需要时间）符合语境故选F【题详解】29根据上文（不可避免的）.“In orderto producepractical energy,a transformationof thenatural siteis ofteninevitable（为了产生实用的能源，对自然场地的改造往往是不可避免的）”可知，上文提到为了产生实用的能源，对自然场所的改造通常是不可避免的，接着需要解释这种改造的代价和影响结合下文Application ofwind energywouldblock airflowsnatural speed.Consequently,the pressurebalance thatis broughtaboutby thiscurrent will beaffected,and itis importantto rememberthat theenvironment andweather conditionsare directlyaffected byatmospheric.（风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度因此，这股洋流带来的压力平衡将受到影响，重要的是要记住，pressure环境和天气状况直接受到大气压力的影响）”可知，后文也进一步说明了这种影响，如风能应用会阻挡气流的自然速度，影响气压平衡，进而影响环境和天气条件项G This isexpensiveand,has harmfuleffects ontheenvironment/这是昂贵的，对环境有有害的影响）说明改造的负面影响，符合语境故选G【题详解】30根据上文u Applicationofwindenergywouldblockairflowsnaturalspeed.Consequently,the pressurebalance thatisbrought aboutbythiscurrentwillbe affected,and itis importantto rememberthat theenvironment andweather conditions（风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度因此，这股洋流带来的压力平aredirectlyaffectedbyatmosphericpressure.衡将受到影响，重要的是要记住，环境和天气状况直接受到大气压力的影响）”可知，上文提到环境和天气条件直接受到大气压的影响，需要记住这一点，空处需要总结这种影响对经济增长和环境保护之间的关系项C.（由于这For thesereasons,bringing abouteconomicgrowthwithout anyresulting environmentaldamage isimpossible些原因，实现经济增长而不造成任何环境破坏是不可能的）符合语境故选C第三部分课内基础（共45分）第一节教材单词（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）请根据首字母和中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空（令人佩月艮的）
31.The leaderof the research teamhas countlessa qualitiesand isregarded asa role model toyoung.（根据中英文提示填空）talent【答案】admirable##dmirable【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意研究团队的领导者有着无数令人钦佩的品质，被视为年轻人才的榜样根据汉语提示“令人佩服的”及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词故填admirable,qualities admirableo（虽然）.
32.D thefact that she was already aninternationally renownedscientist,Tu Youyoushowed nointerest infame（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】Despite##espite【解析】【详解】考查介词句意尽管屠呦呦已经是国际知名的科学家的事实，但她对名利毫无兴趣由首字母提示和空格后的可知，“虽然”是介词位于句首，首字母大写，故填D thefact thatdespite,Despite（歧视）.
33.It is selfevident thatracial dis stillbothering manyblack people,in spite of theirongoing fight for equalrights（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】discrimination##}scrimination【解析】【详解】考查名词句意不言而喻，尽管黑人一直在为争取平等权利而斗争，但种族歧视仍然困扰着许多黑人此空在句子中作主语,所以应为名词，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“歧视”应为且discrimination,为不可能名词故填discrimination（感至」荣幸）
1..1feel soh Ito havethis opportunityto presentthis awardto Mr.Leonard,who makesa remarkable.（根据中英文提示填空）contribution to academia【答案】honoured##onoured##honored##onored【解析】【详解】考查固定句型以及动词过去分词句意我很荣幸有机会把这个奖项颁给伦纳德先生，他对学术界做出了卓越的贡献结合句意以及首字母提示可知，设空处应填固定句型honoured/honored,be/feel honoured/honored（）意为“（做某事）感到荣幸故填to dosth honored/honoured（侵袭；打击）.（根据中英文提示填空）
35.Unfortunately,a horribledisaster shim when he was in his prime【答案】struck##truck【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态句意不幸的是，当他正值盛年时，一场可怕的灾难打击了他设空处在主句中作谓语，根据汉语提示“侵袭，打击”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词结合从句strike,whenhewasinhisprime”可知，此句用一般过去时，填过去式故填struck struck（拥护者）（根据中英文提示填空）
36.He wasa stronga offree marketpolicies.【答案】advocate##dvocate【解析】【详解】考查名词句意他是自由市场政策的坚定拥护者根据汉语提示“拥护者”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词为可数名词作表语，不定冠词修饰单数可数名词故填advocate,a advocate（证明）（根据中英文提示填空）
37.After severalcritical moments,Mr.Zhang pto bethe rightperson for the lady.【答案】proved##roved【解析】【详解】考查动词句意经过几个关键时刻，张先生被证明是这位女士的合适人选根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，此处应为意为“证明是”，此空在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，prove所以此处使用一般过去时故填proved（挤满；挤进）（亲笔签名）
38.A floodof peoplec intothe stadium,trying to get theautograph from the famoussinger.（根据中英文提示填空）Luciano【答案】crowded##rowded【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态句意大批的人涌进体育场，想要得到著名歌手卢西亚诺的签名根据汉语提示“挤满，挤进”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词在句中作谓语，此句陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时crowd,故填crowded（尝试，努力）.（根
39.In arescue aduring the most recentearthquake,dozens ofmembers andtrained dogstook part据中英文提示填空）【答案】attempt##ttempt【解析】【详解】考查名词句意在最近一次地震中的救援行动中，数十名成员和经过训练的狗参加了救援根据汉语“尝试，努力”及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词结合空前的可知，应用名词单数形式，作的attempt,a In宾语故填attempto（抱负）（根据中英文提示填空）
40.Caitlin Clarkfulfilled hera tobreak StephenCurrys recordin NCAA.【答案】ambition##mbition【解析】【详解】考查名词句意凯特琳•克拉克实现了她的野心，打破了斯蒂芬•库里在的记录根据汉语NCAA提示“抱负”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词作宾语故填ambition,ambition第二节空英单词（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）请根据首字母和中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空（出门度假）？（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】
41.The MayDay holidayis aroundthe corner.Shall wego ona ggetaway##etaway【解析】【详解】考查名词句意五一假期即将来临我们去度假好吗？根据汉语提示“出门度假”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词getaway”，为可数名词，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数故填getaway（历史悠久），（根据中英
43.When visitingBeijing,dont missthe renownedd Beijing Roast Duck.【答案】delicacy##elicacy【解析】【详解】考查名词句意来北京旅游时，千万不要错过著名的美食一一北京烤鸭是形容词，修renowned饰名词，由首字母提示可知，“美味”用名词作宾语，”精美的食物；美味佳肴”为可数名d delicacydelicacy词，此处是特指这一美味，表单数概念，故填BeijingRoastDuck delicacy（礼貌）（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】
44.Its monc togreet themwhen youstumble uponsomeone youknow.civility##ivility【解析】【详解】考查名词句意当你偶然遇到你认识的人时，向他们打招呼是一种普遍的礼貌根据汉语提示“礼貌”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词不可数，在句中作表语故填civility,civility（消除）.（根据中英文提示填空）
45.We needto ebad habitsand developgood ones【答案】eliminate##liminate【解析】【详解】考查动词句意我们需要改掉坏习惯，培养好习惯根据所给汉语和首字母可知及物动词eliminate符合句意，后接不定式作宾语故填need eliminateo（急需，渴望）（根据中英文提示填空）
46.The teamwas dforavictory toshowcase theirability.【答案】desperate##esperate【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意这支球队迫切希望取得一场胜利来展示他们的能力根据汉语提示“急需，渴望”及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词作表语“极渴望”故填desperate,be desperatefor desperateo（功绩；壮举）（根据中英文提示填
47.China acplishedthe remarkablef oflifting800million peopleout ofpoverty.空）【答案】feat##eat【解析】【详解】考查名词句意中国实现了亿人脱贫的伟大壮举根据汉语提示“功绩，壮举”和首字母提示8可知，此处为名词feat,作宾语；feat为可数名词,根据空后uof lifting800million peopleout ofpoverty可知，此处特指亿人脱贫的伟大壮举”，表单数概念故填“8feat（抛弃）.（根据中英文提示填空）
48.The couplesponsored achild fby hisparents,who laterbecame a teacher【答案】forgone##orgone【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词句意这对夫妇资助了一个被父母遗弃的孩子，他的父母后来成为了一名教师由首字母提示可知，“抛弃”是句中谓语是空格处用非谓语动词，由可知，空格处用过去f forgo,sponsored,by分词表被动作定语，故填forgone forgoneo（传播）.（根据
49.Apart fromi knowledge,ateachershould alsofoster curiosityand encourageactive participation中英文提示填空）【答案】imparting##mparting【解析】【详解】考查动词句意除了传授知识，教师还应培养好奇心并鼓励积极参与根据汉语提示“传播”及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词用动名词作的宾语故填impart,imparting,Apart fromimparting（想象）
50.MartinLuther King ea futureworld whereeveryone wouldenjoy equalrights andjustice.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】envisioned##nvisioned【解析】【详解】考查动词时态句意马丁•路德•金想象了一个人人享有平等权利和正义的未来世界设空处在句中作谓语，根据汉语提示“想象”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过envision,去时故填envisioned第三节短语填空（共10小题；每小题I分，共10分）用方框中短语的正确形式完成句子注意有一个短语是多余的in honorof referto run out ofonthe edge ofe across in spiteoffightforbe regardedasdue tosuffer frombase on
51.The USgovernment hasexcuses for the failureof itseconomic policy,which meansa radicalpolicyreform isneeded.
52.The teamisaplace in the finalround,where petitionwillbewithout anydoubt morefierce.
53.Failure helpsbuild ourcharacters.We beebetter becauseof thefall,not it.
54.The mitteefinally decidedto builda monumentthe captainand hiscrew whomade asignificantbreakthrough inpolar exploration.
1.11was myseat waitingto findout what happened next.
56.The teammet countlessdifficulties duringtheresearchtheir limitedaccess toproperresources.
57.The moviea reallifeincident.
58.Recently I have aninteresting studywhich claimsMemory Bcells might be responsiblefor（过敏症）.peoples lifetimeallergies
59.Nowadays,Dr.Claire andProf.Tiara the most promisingyoung writersin thecity.
60.The latestresearch findinggives hopeto patientswho severeback injuries.【答案】
51.runoutof
52.fighting for
53.in spiteof
54.in honorof
55.ontheedge of
56.due to
57.is basedon
58.e across
59.are regardedas
60.suffer from【解析】【题详解】51考查动词短语和时态句意美国政府已经没有理由为其经济政策的失败辩解了，这意味着需要进行彻底的政策改革根据句意“用完，用尽”可知，动词短语符合题意，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影runoutof,响，使用现在完成时，已有助动词空处需填过去分词故填has,runoutof【题详解】52考查动词短语和时态句意这支球队正在为进入最后一轮而奋斗，毫无疑问，那里的竞争将更加激烈根据句意“为……奋斗”可知，动词短语符合题意，此处表示正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，已fight with,有动词空处需填现在分词故填be is,Eghting with题详解】[
537.A.balancing B.leading C.forting D.directing
8.A.relief B.reminder C.secret D.resource
9.A.eager B.proud C.grateful D.regretful
10.A.helpful B.successful C.educational D.typical【答案】l.B
2.B
3.C
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.C
8.A
9.C
10.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了年，卡尔文•洛四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术，在2008他和妻子感到紧张和不安的时候，医生说会把他们的儿子当做自己的儿子，这安慰到了他们，缓解了当时紧张的情绪，卡尔文•洛十分感激题详解】11考查名词词义辨析句意“当我们坐在候诊室里，等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候，我们的心里充满了焦虑，”洛回忆道震惊；焦虑；悲伤；愤怒根据上文A.shock B.anxiety C.sadness D.anger“In2008,Calvin Lowesfouryearold（年，卡尔文•洛四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术）”可sonTylerneededtohaveaseriousoperation.2008知，儿子在做手术，因此父母是感到焦虑故选B【题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意:当一名护士把这家人叫回来时，洛的恐惧越来越大褪色；2A.faded B.grew生长，增加；出现；停止根据上文可C.appeared D.stopped“When anurse calledthe familyback,Lowes fears”知，家人被叫回去，因此对儿子手术结果的恐惧增大了故选B【题详解】3考查动词词义辨析句意一位年轻的医生走进房间，告诉这对夫妇他将做这场手术收到；A.receiving B.记录；表演，执行；错过根据后文可知，这recording C.performing D.missing“how thesurgery wouldproceed名医生是执行手术的人故选C【题详解】4考查动词词义辨析句意当医生开始解释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果学A.learn习；B.discover发现；C.guess猜测；D.explain解释根据后文uhow thesurgery wouldproceed可知，医生开始解释手术将如何进行故选D【题详解】5考查名词词义辨析句意当医生开始解释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果A.选择；反应；方法；结果根据上文可choice B.reaction C.way D.result“Lowesmindwent tothe worstpossible知，随着医生的解释，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果故选D【题详解】6考查介词短语句意失败有助于塑造我们的性格我们因为失败而变得更好，而不是尽管失败了我们变得更好根据句意“尽管”可知，介词短语符合题意故填in spiteof,inspiteof【题详解】54考查介词短语句意委员会最后决定建造一座纪念碑，以纪念在极地探险中取得重大突破的船长和他的船员根据句意“为纪念”可知，介词短语符合题意故填in honorof,inhonorof【题详解】55考查介词短语句意我迫不及待地等着发现接下来会发生什么根据句意“迫不及待地”可知，介词短语on符合题意故填theedge ofonesseat,ontheedge ofo【题详解】56考查介词短语句意由于获得适当资源的机会有限，研究小组在研究过程中遇到了无数困难根据句意“由于”可知，介词短语符合题意故填dueto,dueto【题详解】57考查动词短语和时态语态句意这部电影是根据真实事件改编的根据句意“以……为根据”可知，动词短语符合题意，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，和为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语base on,The moviebase on为单数名词，动词用故填be isis basedon【题详解】58考查动词短语和时态句意最近我偶然看到了一项有趣的研究，它声称记忆细胞可能是导致人们终生过敏B的原因根据句意“偶然遇见”可知，动词短语符合题意，根据时间状语可知，使用现在完e across,“Recently”成时，已有助动词空处需填过去分词故填have,eacross【题详解】59考查动词短语和时态句意现在，克莱尔博士和蒂亚拉教授被认为是这个城市最有前途的年轻作家根据句意“被认为是可知，动词短语符合题意，结合可知，使用一般现在时，主语是并列be regardedas,“Nowadays”的名词，动词用故填be areare regardedas【题详解】60考查动词短语和时态句意最新的研究发现给遭受严重背部损伤的患者带来了希望根据句意“遭受”可知，动词短语符合题意，结合可知，使用一般现在时，定语从句的主语指代谓语动suffer from,“gives”who,patients,词使用原形故填suffer from第四节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）请根据语法规则完成句子，每空仅填一个词
61.Friends is not the first TV show MathewParry starredat theearly stage ofhisacting career.（用适当的词填空）【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意《老友记》并不是马修•派瑞演艺生涯早期出演的第一部电视剧定语从句修饰先行词先行词在从句作宾语，且由序数词修饰，只能用引导故填TVshow,that that.（用适当的
62.Table readis not the onlyeffective practicehelps studentsimprove theirspeaking词填空）【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意剧本朗读并不是帮助学生提高口语唯一有效练习空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，并且先行词前面有修饰，需用关系代词引导故填practice,the onlythat that
63.Mr.Stone isa greateducator neverstops inspiringhis studentsandhisfellow workersto be（用适当的词填空）better individuals.【答案】who##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意斯通先生是一位伟大的教育家，他从不停止激励他的学生和同事成为更好的人本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词a greateducator,或引导故填或who thatwho that（用适当的词填空）
64.The oldman alwayswears histhick glasseswithout hecant seeanything.【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意这位老人总是戴着厚厚的眼镜，不戴眼镜他什么也看不见uwithout hecan9t seeanything为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词glasses,指物，设空处指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词的宾语，需用关系代词引导故填without whichwhich
65.An increasingnumber ofJunior3students nowdecide tofurther theireducation inSDSZ（用适当的词填空）students areoffered opportunitiesto harvestgrowth and explore theirpassion forlife.【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意越来越多的初三学生选择在继续他们的教育，在这里，学生们有机会收SDSZ获成长，探索他们对生活的热情空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词作地点状语故填SDSZ whereo
66.（夸大）,（用适当的词填空）Kobe,contribution tobasketball isdifficult toexaggerate hasinspired millionsof people.【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意科比，他对篮球的贡献是难以夸大的，他激励了数百万人空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词和之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的引导定语从句，Kobe contributionwhose故填whoseo
67.I thinkshe is my Ms.Right.I knowfrom thefirst sightof herthatsheistheone without my（用适当的词填空）life willsurely bedull andcolorless.【答案】whom【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意我想她就是我的第一眼看到她，我就知道，没有她，我的生活一Ms.Right定会变得枯燥无味是“介词+关系代词”引导withoutmylife willsurely bedull andcolorless的限制性定语从句，先行词指人，设空处指代先行词作介词宾语，因此空格处用关系代词theone withoutwhomo故填whom
68.The1960s wasa difficult time Chinesescientists likeTu Youyouhad verylimited resources（用适当的词填空）and poortechnological support.【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意世纪年代是一个艰难的时期，像屠呦呦这样的中国科学家资源非常有限，2060技术支持也很差定语从句修饰先行词在从句作时间状语，应用关系副词引导故填time,when when
69.Karen isa passionatesupporter of the environmentalreform requireslarge enterprisesto stop（用适当的词填空）overusing nonrenewablenatural resources.【答案】which##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意是环保改革的热心支持者，环保改革要求大型企业停止过度使用不可再Karen生的自然资源空处引导定语从句，先行词为指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词引reform,which/that导故填which/thato
70.The nuclearwaste dischargeisnowthe majorreason environmentalistsfeel worriedabout the（用适当的词填空）future ofmarine creatures.【答案】why【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意核废料的排放现在是环保主义者对海洋生物的未来感到担忧的主要原因定语从句修饰先行词在从句作原因状语，应用故填reason,why why第五节根据课文内容填空（共10小题；每小题
0.5分，共5分）A
71.Even Amundsenwas movedby Scottsdeath saying“Captain Scottleft arecord,fbr honesty,,forbravery,（根据句意填空）【答案J©.sincerity
②.for everythingthat makesa man【解析】【详解】考查名词，定语从句，时态和主谓一致句意就连也被的死所感动，他说Amundsen Scott“Scott船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及成为一个人的一切留下了记录”由和可知，句子表示for honestyfor bravery“Scott船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及成为一个人的一切留下了记录”，第一空意为“真诚”，用名词作的宾语，for是是不可数名词；第二空意为“成为一个人的一切”，“一切”是“成为一个人的”用sincerity,everything,that引导定语从句，“成为一个人”是句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，引导的先行词make a man,that是不定代词，因此用第三人称单数，前加表示“为”，因此第二空是everything makeeverything for,“for everything故填that makesaman”sincerity,for everythingthat makesa manoB根据课文内容填空In2019,she wasselected by the BBCas one of72of sciencein the20th centuryalong withAlbert Einsteinand AlanMathisonTuring.Tu Youyou73in being a scientistduring adifficulttimefor sciencein China,her abilityto useoldwisdom andnew methodsto achieveher goalsand thefact thather work
74.
75.【答案】
72.the mostinfluential figures
73.was notedfor herbravery
74.bridged theEastern andWestern worlds
77.78,he managedto returnto hisfilm careerby directing,producing andeven
79.【答案]
76.engaged ina widerange of
77.made remarkableprogress
78.Shortly after
79.starring infilms【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章介绍了超人背后的超级英雄-------ChristopherReeve的传奇人生【题详解】76考查固定搭配和动词时态句意他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动，并取得了显著的进步结合上下文和课文内容可知，该空意为“进行了一系列”，表示“进行，从事”应用动词短语结合下文的engage in,“managed”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“一系列”应用介词短语故填a widerangeofengaged ina widerange ofo【题详解】77考查动词短语和时态句意同上结合上下文和课文内容可知，该空意为“取得了显著的进步”，表示“取得进步”应用动词短语结合下文的可知，使用一般过去时；表示“显著的”应用形容词make progress,“managed”作定语，修饰名词故填remarkable,progress maderemarkable progressoo【题详解】78考查介词短语句意不久之后，他重返电影事业，从事导演和制作人工作，甚至出演了电影结合上下文和课文内容可知，该空意为“不久之后”应用介词短语位于句首，首字母需大写故填shortly after,Shortly aftero【题详解】79考查固定搭配和非谓语动词句意同上结合上下文和课文内容可知，该空意为“出演电影”，应用star infilms,空处和并列,需填动名词形式作介词的宾语故填directing,producing bystarring infilmso第四部分书面表达（20分）目前，某英文报社正在组织中学生征文比赛，请以为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括
80.ThePersonI Admire人物基本信息；.值得敬佩的原因
1.2注意词数左右；L100题目已为你写好
2.The PersonI Admire【答案】The PersonI AdmireThe person I admire most is Helen Keller
18801968.She wasconsidered themost motivationalfigure in the20lhcentury.Helen Keller,standing in the faceof agreat challengeand losingher sightand hearing,was notsomeone whogave upeasily.She persistedin learningBraille.In1904,Keller graduatedfrom collegeand becamethefirstblind anddeaf personin the worldtogeta bachelorsdegree.In addition,she wroteseveral books,which madegreat contributionsto literature.She alsotraveled aroundthe worldto raisemoney andfounded charitiesto benefitthe disabled,improving theworking andlivingconditions ofthem.At the same time,she gainedthe respectofthe world.What impressedme most is Kellersspiritstay optimisticand nevergive upwhen timesare hard.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇开放性作文要求考生以为题写一篇短文参加某英文报社正ThePersonI Admire在组织中学生征文比赛【详解】.词汇积累钦佩1admire-**think highlyof坚持persist instickto止匕夕卜提高句式拓展in additionfwhats moreimprovef enhance2合并句子原句The personI admiremostisHelen Keller
18801968.She wasconsidered themost motivationalfigurein the20th century.拓展句ThepersonIadmiremostisHelen Keller18801968,who wasconsidered themost motivationalfigure in the20thcentury.【点睛】[高分句型1]HelenKeller,standing inthe faceofagreat challengeand losingher sightand hearing,was notsomeone whogave up（运用了引导限制性定语从句）easily.who[高分句型2]运用了弓|导非限制性定In addition,she wroteseveral books,which madegreat contributionsto literature.which语从句）考查形容词词义辨析句意:但是后来医生做了一件意想不到的事意外的；令人困A.unexpected B.confusing惑的；必要的；出色的根据后文C.necessary D.excellent“He lookedbothLoweandhiswifeintheeye,put a7hand可知，医生用行为和oneach of their shoulders,and said,Today,your sonis myson.””话语出乎意外地安慰了他们故选A【题详解】7考查动词词义辨析句意他看着洛和他的妻子的眼睛，把一只安慰的手放在他们的肩膀上，说“今天，你的儿子就是我的儿子平衡；带领；安慰;指导根据后文A.balancing B.leading C.forting D.directing“hand on可知医生的行为和话安慰了这对夫妻故选eachoftheirshoulders,and said,“Today,your sonismyson.”C【题详解】8考查名词词义辨析句意因为那确实减轻了当时的压力宽慰；提醒物；密；A.relief B.reminder C.secret®资源根据后文可知，医生安慰的话语减轻了他们当时的压力，短语D.resource“and meaningful”a reliefof stress表示“缓解压力故选A【题详解】9考查形容词词义辨析句意我无法表达我们对他那天对我们说的话有多感激渴望的；骄傲A.eager B.proud的；感谢的；后悔的根据上文可知，医生的话缓解了他们压力和不安，所以夫妇俩感激C.grateful D.regretful医生故选C【题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意这很有帮助，也很有意义有帮助的；成功10A.helpful B.successful的；C.教育的；典型的根据后文后文以及上文提到医生的话缓解了他们的压力，educational D.typical“and meaningful”所以是有帮助的故选A第二部分阅读理解（共40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项Lonely PlanefsMiddle East is your passport tothemost relevant,uptodate adviceon what to see and skip,and whathidden discoveries await you.Wander at the mightyPyramids ofGiza,the lastsurviving ancientwonder;watch thesun set（清真寺）over themagic ofPetra;andexploretreelined avenueand delicatemosques inEsfahan,Iran.All withyour trustedtravel panion.Get tothe heartof Middle East andbegin yourjourney now!Inside LonelyPlanets Middle East:・Colour mapsand imagesthroughout・Insider tipsto savetime andmoney andget aroundlike alocal,avoiding crowdsand troublespots・Essential infoat yourfingertips——hours ofoperation,phone numbers,websites,transit tips,prices・Honest reviewsfor all budgets—eating,sleeping,sightseeing,going out,shopping,hidden gems（精品）hat mostguidebooks miss・Cultural insightsprovide aricher,more rewardingtravel experience一covering history,people,music,landscapes,wildlife,cuisine,politicsCoverage Includes:Egypt,Iraq,Israel,the PalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,TurkeyBook DetailsISBN:9781786570710Writers:Anthony Ham,Paul Clammer,Orlando Crowcroft,Mark Elliott,Anita Isalska,Jessica Lee,VirginiaMaxwell,Simon Richmond,Daniel Robinson,Anthony Sattin,Dan SaveryRaz,Andy Symington,Jenny Walker,SteveWaters608pages,256pp color,90maps|Dimensions:128mmx]97mmNext editiondue:Dec
202411.What informationcan readersget fromLonely PlanefsMiddle EastA.Blackandwhite maps.B.Remendation ofpopular guidebooks.C.Famous writerscultural insights.D.Reviews for allbudgets.
12.What placesdoes LonelyPlanets Middle East coverA.Jordan andSyria.B.Lebanon andFrance.C.Turkey andJapan.D.Israel andNorway.
13.Whafs thepurpose ofthe textA.To introducesome famousattractions in MiddleEast.B.To appealtousto travelto MiddleEast.C.To remenda booknamed MiddleEast.D.To stressthe importanceof travelinginMiddleEast.【答案】ll.D
12.A
13.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了这本书的一些具体信息Midd/eEasZ【题详解】11细节理解题这一部分中第四点一Inside LonelyPlanets MiddleEast“Honest reviewsforallbudgets eating,sleeping,（精品）（对所有预算的诚实评论一一吃饭、sightseeing,going out,shopping,hidden gemshat mostguidebooksmiss睡觉、观光、外出、购物、大多数指南书都遗漏的隐藏的精品）”可知，这本书可以给读者提供前MiddleEast往中东的预算信息、故选D【题详解】12细节理解题根据文章倒数第六段u CoverageIncludes:Egypt,Iraq,Israel,the PalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,（覆盖范围包括埃及，伊拉克，以色列，巴勒斯坦领土，约旦，黎巴嫩，叙利亚，土耳其）”Syria,Turkey可知，这本书包括约旦和叙利亚故选A【题详解】13推理判断题根据文章第一句u LonelyPlanets MiddleEastisyourpassporttothemostrelevant,uptodate adviceon（是您获取最相关、最新建whattoseeandskip,and whathiddendiscoveriesawaityouLonely PlanefsMiddleEast议的通行证，为你提供最相关、最新的建议，告诉你该看什么、不看什么，以及有什么隐藏的发现等着你）”可推知，本文是在介绍这本书故选Midd/eEa CBRita Moreno isone ofthe veryfew performersto EGOT:to winan Emmy,a Grammy,an Oscarand aTony award.（移民的）But ea littlecloser,and Morenosis anotherkind ofimmigrant story.（米高梅电影公司）She wasa teenwhen MGMsigned herinthe1950s.Major studioswere stilldominated bythemen whodrun themfbr decades.They hadher changeher name.While recognizingher talent,they didntknow whatto do（缅甸的）with aLatin girl.Moreno playedsmall parts,including agirl fromIndia and a Burmesewoman.What shouldhavebeen herbig breakcame whenshe wascast asAnita inWest SideStory.Shed rememberAnita as the veryfirst（西班牙的）Hispanic characterI hadever playedwho haddignity,a senseof selfrespect.She becamemy rolemodel.The nightMoreno wonthe Oscar,the Hispanic munity acrossthe USAbroke outinto cheers.But thatcareer turndidnt happen.Instead,she receivedmore offersto playwhat shedescribed asdusky servants”.The racialand ethnic prejudice was still at play.It brokemy heart,she says.Rita Morenodidnt makeanother movieforseven years.Then beganher newact.Holding toher mothersphilosophy—Never givein,never quit,keep onmoving—shesurvived professionallyduring thoseyears withwork onthe Londonstage andin nightclubs,slowly reemergingon filmandtelevision,and eventuallyshe earnedherself astar onthe HollywoodWalk ofFame andthe PeabodyCareerAchievement Award.But evenas shecontinues toperform,her workcontinues offthe screen,speaking outfor and representing the Latinmunity.“Im nowknown asla pionera,orthepioneer,“Moreno says.I reallydont thinkof myselfasa rolemodel.But itturns out that I am,to alot ofthe Hispanicmunity.Not justin show business,but inlife.But thafs what happens whenyoure first,right”
14.What dowe knowabout Morenoin Paragraph2A.She wasan actresscontracted withMGM.B.She hadher futurewellplanned forher talent.C.She wastreated asa Hispanicgirl withdignity.D.She wonthe Oscarfor actinga Burmesewoman.
15.Why didntMoreno makemovies fbrseven yearsafter winningthe OscarA.She didnot receiveany filmoffers.B.She rejectedroles ofracial prejudice.C.She wastired ofperforming onthe stage.D.She focused on herstage careerin nightclubs.
16.Which ofthe followingcan bestdescribe MorenoA.Generous andbrave.B.Kind andgrateful.C.Honest andtrustworthy.D.Tough anddetermined.
17.What canwe learnfrom Morenoswords inthe last paragraphA.She prefersto bea rolemodel in showbusiness.B.She isunhappy withwhathappenedto anactress.C.She makesa differencetothe Hispanicmunity.D.She feelspressured aboutbeingaHispanic pioneer.【答案】
14.A
15.B
16.D
17.C【解析】【导语•】这是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了著名演员丽塔•莫雷诺的演艺之路和对社会的影响【题详解】14细节理解题由文章第二段中（米高梅电影公司）（世纪She wasa teenwhen MGMsigned herinthe1950s.20年代，当米高梅电影公司签下她时，她还是个十几岁的孩子）”可知，她是与米高梅电影公司签约的演员50故选A【题详解】15细节理解题由文章第三段中uInstead,she receivedmore offersto playwhat shedescribedasdusky servants”.Theracial andethnicprejudicewasstillatplay.It brokemy heart,“she says.RitaMorenodidnt makeanother moviefor seven（相反，她收到了更多的邀请，扮演她所说的“阴暗的仆人”种族和民族偏见仍然存在“这伤透了我years.的心，”她说丽塔•莫雷诺有七年没有再拍电影了）”可知，莫雷诺在获得奥斯卡奖后的七年里都没有拍电影是因为她拒绝扮演种族偏见的角色故选Bo【题详解】16推理判断题由文章第四段中“Holding toher mothersphilosophy-Never givein,never quit,keep onmoving-shesurvived professionallyduring thoseyears withwork onthe Londonstage andin nightclubs,slowly reemergingon filmandtelevision,and eventuallyshe earnedherself astar onthe HollywoodWalk ofFame andthe PeabodyCareerAchievementAward.（她坚持母亲的哲学--------------------------永不屈服，永不放弃，不断前进--------那些年她在伦敦舞台和夜总会工作，慢慢地在电影和电视上重新出现，最终她在好莱坞星光大道上为自己赢得了一颗星星，并获得了皮博迪职业成就奖）”可推知，她是一个坚韧而坚定的人故选D【题详解】17推理判断题由文章最后一段中“But evenas shecontinues toperform,her workcontinues offthe screen,speaking outfbrandrepresentingtheLatinmunity.Im nowknown asla pionera,orthepioneer,“Moreno says.I reallydont thinkofmyself asarolemodel.But itturnsoutthatIam,toalotoftheHispanicmunity.Not justinshowbusiness,but inlife.But（但即使她继续表演，她的工作也在银幕之外继续，为拉丁社区发thafswhathappenswhenyoure first,right^^声并代表拉丁社区莫雷诺说“我现在被称为先驱“我真的不认为自己是一个榜样但事实证明，对很多西班牙裔社区来说，我是这样的不仅在演艺圈，在生活中也是如此但这就是你第一次做的事，对吧？可推知，她对西班牙裔社区产生了影响故选CCNew researchconfirms thathuman footprintsfound in New Mexicoare probablythe oldestdirect evidence of human（迁徙）.presence inthe Americas,a findingthat upendswhat manyscientists knewabout humanhabitation andmigrationThe footprints were discoveredattheedgeofan ancientlakebed inWhite Sandsnational park.According tothe newpaperpublished inthe journalScience,they dateback tobetween21,000and23,000years ago.Actually,the estimatedageof the footprints wasfirst reportedin Sciencein2021,but someresearchers raisedconcerns aboutthe dates.Questions一focusedonwhether seedsof waterplants usedfor theoriginal datingmay haveabsorbed ancientcarbon fromthe lake（碳年代测定）which could,in theory,throw offradiocarbon dating14by thousandsof years.But the new studypresentstwo additional lines of evidence forthe older date range.It usestwo entirelydifferent materialsfound atthe site,ancient（花粉）pollen and stone grains.The reportedage ofthe footprintschallenges theonce conventionalwisdom thathumans didnot reach the Americasuntila fewthousand yearsbefore risingsea levelscovered theBering landbridge betweenRussia and Alaska,perhaps（有争议）about15,000years ago.Thisisa subjectthafs alwaysbeen controversialbecause itsso significant.Its about（考古学家）how weunderstand thelast chapterofthepeopling oftheworldJ saidThomas Urban,an archaeologistatCornell University,who wasinvolved inthe2021study butnotthe new one.Thomas Stafford,an independentarchaeological geologistinNew Mexico,who wasnot involved inthe study,said he怀疑的）“wasabit suspiciousC before^but nowis convinced.The new study isolatedabout75,000grams ofpure pollenfromthesamestone layerthat containedthe footprints.Dating pollenis laboriousbut worthwhileJ saidKathleenSpringer,aresearchgeologist atthe USGeological Surveyandacoauthor ofthenewpaper.Ancient footprintsof anykind canprovide archaeologistswith aquick lookofamoment intime.While somearcheologicalsites inthe Americaspoint tosimilar dateranges—including necklacescarved fromgiant animalremains inBrazil—scientists stillquestion whethersuch objectsreally indicatehuman presence.White Sandsis uniquebecausetheres noquestion thesefootprints wereleft bypeople/said JenniferRaff,a scientistattheUniversity ofKansas,who wasnot involvedinthestudy.（）
18.The underlinedword“upends”Paragraph1is closestin meaningto“A.supports B.connects C.challenges D.pares
19.Accordingtothepassage,what isspecial aboutthenewresearchA.It showsthe footprintswere madebytheRussians.B.It offersmore convincinglines ofevidence fordating.C.It confirms that theancient humansenjoyed livingbythelake.D.It revealsthe footprintsare muchyounger thanpreviously thought.
20.It canbe inferredfromthelastparagraphthat.A.necklaces arevaluable objectsfor archaeologiststo dateanimalsB.human footprintsare oftensure signsof human presenceC.ancient objectsin Brazilare notincluded inthe studyD.White Sandsisoneimportant archaeologicalsite
21.Which ofthe followingmightbethebesttitle ofthe passageA.Humans ReachedAmericas15,000Years EarlierThan BelievedB.American ArchaeologistsUnearthed ValuableManmade ObjectsC.New ResearchConfirms EarlyHuman Presencein AmericasD.Scientists DiscoversNew Speciesof Humansin Americas【答案】
18.C
19.B
20.B
21.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项新研究，这项研究提供了更令人信服的证据，证实美洲早期存在人类【题详解】18词义猜测题根据第三段“The reportedageofthefootprintschallenges theonce conventionalwisdom thathumans didnotreachtheAmericas untilafewthousand yearsbefore risingsea levelscovered theBering landbridge betweenRussia（据报道，这些脚印的年代对曾经的传统观点提出质疑，即人类直到andAlaska,perhaps about15,000years ago.几千年前才到达美洲大约在年前，海平面上升覆盖了俄罗斯和阿拉斯加之间的白令陆桥）”可知，这I,15000项发现对之前许多科学家对人类居住和迁徙的认识提出质疑，故划线词与词义相近，意为“对……质challenges疑”故选C【题详解】19细节理解题根据第二段“But thenewstudypresents twoadditionallinesofevidencefortheolderdaterange.It uses（花粉）（但这项新研究为较老的日two entirelydifferent materialsfound atthe site,ancient pollenandstonegrains.期范围提供了两条额外的证据它使用了在该遗址发现的两种完全不同的材料，古代花粉和石头颗粒）”可知，新研究为确定年代提供了更令人信服的证据故选B【题详解】20推理判断题根据最后一段“White Sandsis uniquebecause there9snoquestion thesefootprintswereleft bypeople J（堪萨期[大学的科学家said JenniferRaff,a scientistattheUniversity ofKansas,who wasnotinvolvedinthestudy.詹妮弗•拉夫没有参与这项研究，她说是独一无二的，因为毫无疑问，这些脚印是人类留下的“White Sands可知，人类脚印往往是人类存在的可靠标志故选B题详解】[21主旨大意题根据第一段“New researchconfirmsthathuman footprintsfound inNewMexicoare probablythe oldestdirectevidenceofhumanpresenceintheAmericas,a findingthat upendswhat manyscientists knewabout human（迁徙）（新的研究证实，在新墨西哥州发现的人类足迹可能是美洲人类存在的最古老habitation andmigration.的直接证据，这一发现质疑了许多科学家对人类居住和迁徙的认识）”可知，文章主要介绍了这项新研究证实美洲早期存在人类选项“新的研究证实了早期人类在美洲的存在”最符合文章标题故选CCoDWhen youhear“Ihavea dream...oneofthemostfamous speechesin humanhistory,youll neverhave theidea howtheaudience onthe scenewere fueledby emotionalintelligence.When MartinLutherKing.Jr.presented hisdream,hechose languagethatwouldstirthehearts ofhis audience.Delivering thiselectrifying messagerequired emotionalintelligence——theabilityto recognize,understand,and manageemotions.Emotional intelligencehas beenhighly remendedby leaders,policymakers,and educatorsasthesolution toa。
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