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北京市朝阳区学年度第一学期期末质量检测2023〜2024高一英语（考试时间100分钟满分100分）本试卷共10页考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效第一部分知识运用（共三节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑On awinter afternoon,a friend and Iwere throwingstones onto the roofof anold ladyshouse.We aimedto seehowthe stones]to fallingstars asthey rolledoff theroof andshot into the yard.I found a perfectlysmooth rock.It wastoo（滑落）smooth,however,so itslipped frommy hand as Ithrew it and it2for asmall windowof thehouse.Hearing thesound ofbreaking glass,I knewI was
3.I wastoo scared about gettingcaught that night tobe4about the old lady with the broken window in such a cold winter.However,a fewdays later,I startedto feelsorry forher5She stillgreeted meeach daywith asmile.I madeup mymind that I wouldsave mypaper deliverymoney tomake upfor whatI did.Finally,I made it.I put themoney in an envelope with a note explaining that I was sorryfor breakingher windowand hopedthat the seven dollarswould be enough to6the cost.I waited until it was dark.I wentup toher house7and putthe letter I didntsign inher doorin secret.At thatmoment,I feltthatIcould havethe
8.once again,to lookinto theold ladyskind eyes.The next day,I handedher thepaper andwas able to9her warmsmile.She thankedme andgave mea bagof cookies.After severalcookies,I feltan envelope.When Iopened it,I was10to seethe seven dollars anda shortnote thatsaidJTm proudof you.^^A.ran B.jumped C.changed D.added
2.A.waited B.headed C.looked D.called
3.A.in troubleB.in tearsC.in reliefD.in danger
1.（参加毛利人体验基纳基之旅（）探索a shared kai,traditionallyinspired foodtasting.Maori ExperienceKinaki Tour,这片土地上的第一批人民如何创造自然世界提供的独特食物旅程将以共享传统美食品尝结束）”可知，kai提供典型的传统美食故选Maori ExperienceKinaki TourD【题详解】33细节理解题根据・Planan education visit中第一段“If you are an educator,choose fromour rangeof education（如果您是一名教育工programmes.Each canbe adapted to yourneeds.Both inperson and virtual visits are accessible.作者，请从我们的一系列教育课程中进行选择每个都可以根据您的需求进行调整面对面和虚拟访问都是可以访问的）”可知前往进行教育访问提供个性化服务故选I,Te PapaDBHansel Enmanuel,a19yearold basketballplayer,has drawnattention aftervideos spreadquickly showinghis（灌篮）awesome skills,like making3point shotsand dunkingwith ease.All withjust his right arm.It looksalmosteffortless when he plays.However,its not.It neverhas been.Enmanuel was6when hewas climbinga wall.It fellover him,bricks andblocks on his leftarm.He wasrushed to thehospital,but the doctor couldntsave his arm and it wascut offseveral inchesbelow theshoulder.It was a darktime forEnmanueland hisfamily.Slowly,things gotbetter for the littleboy.He stillremembers the first timehe tiedhis shoes.Just7,Enmanuel waswaitingfbr hismother to do itfbr him,but shewas busycooking.“I was like,never mind,Im goingto start/9he saidin arecent interview.I toldmyself letme try.I wastrying.Then Imade it.”So I was excited,excited likecrazy,“he added.Small thingsbecame hugevictories.Months afterthat,Enmanuel triedbasketball,too.But its not aneasy path.His（碎片）missing arm left him lacking balance.Every timehe triedto run,hed crashto theground,falling ondebris covered（疤痕）.across the courts heplayed on.These fallsleft himwith numerous scars In the interview,Enmanuel pointedtothe scar after scar down the length of the leg,reminders of a hard time that has brought him to excellence in basketballskills.Enmanuel firstdunked at14,anditwasnt longbefore hispopularity grewwith theviews onhis videos.But itwasntthe highlight videos that interested his coach,Corey Gipson.He likedEnmanuefs attitude and the way he carried himselfon the court.Hansel isa verytough person,“Gipson said.When yousee himon thefloor,you justsee anunstoppableforce that doesnt take anything fbr granted（理所应当）Im notspecial,M Enmanuelsaid.Im not different thannobody.他The onlydifference isthat Ivegot onearm,but thatsnotdirent.”
34.What firstencouraged Enmanuelto recoverfromthe accidentA.The helpfrom hisdoctor.B.Managing totie his shoes.C.Videos onhis shotsand dunking.D.The attentionfrom hismother.
35.Enmanuel pointedto scarsonhisleg mainlyto showhisA.success B.health C.efforts D.petenceA.His responseto difficulties.B.His greatsense ofbalance.
36.What interestedEnmanuels coachmostC.His confidenceon thecourt.D.His popularityon social media.
37.What doesthe storyintend totell usA.He wholaughs lastlaughs best.B.Dont judgea bookby itscover.C.Nothing isimpossible to a willingheart.D You can makea differenceby beingdifferent.【答案】
34.B
35.C
36.A
37.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了岁的独臂男孩用右臂展示了他出色的三分19Hansel Enmanuel球投篮和轻松灌篮的技术，这使他在网上迅速走红他的成就是他在经过无数次摔倒后仍然努力练球所换来的这个故事告诉我们有志者事竟成【题详解】34细节理解题根据第三段中“He stillremembers the first timehe tiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuel waswaiting forhismother to do itfor him,but shewas busycooking.waslike,never mind,Im goingto start,“he saidin arecentinterview.（他还记得第一I toldmyself letme try.Iwastrying.Then Imadeit.”“So Iwas excited,excited likecrazy,“he added.次系鞋带的情景伊曼纽尔才岁，正在等他的母亲为他做饭，但她正忙着做饭7“我当时想，没关系，我要开始了，”他在最近的一次采访中说道“我告诉自己让我尝试一下我正在尝试然后我就成功了”“所以我很兴奋，兴奋得发疯，”他补充道）”可知，第一次设法系好了鞋带，Enmanuel这是第一次促使他从事故中恢复过来，故选B【题详解】35推理判断题根据倒数第二段中（碎片）“Every timehe triedto run,hed crashto theground,falling ondebris covered（，包痕）.across thecourts heplayed on.These fallsleft himwith numerousscars Inthe interview,Enmanuel pointedto the scarafter scardown thelength of the leg,reminders of a hardtime thathas broughthim toexcellence inbasketball.（每次他试图跑起来时，他都会摔倒在地，落在他所打球的球场上覆盖的碎片上这些跌倒给他留下了skills无数疤痕在采访中，恩曼纽尔指着腿上一道又一道的伤疤，让人想起正是这段艰难的时光让他取得了卓越的篮球技术）可知，尝试打篮球时很努力，一次次摔倒给他留下了很多疤痕由此推知，”Enmanuel Enmanuel指着自己腿上的伤疤主要是为了表明他为打篮球所付出的努力故选C【题详解】36推理判断题根据最后一段中“But itwasnt thehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,Corey Gipson.He likedEnmanuelsattitudeand the wayhecarriedhimself onthecourt.Hansel isa verytough personJ Gipsonsaid.When you（理所应当）（但令他的see himonthefloor,you justsee anunstoppable forcethatdoesnttakeanythingfbrgranted教练科里・吉普森感兴趣的并不是精彩视频他喜欢恩曼纽尔的态度和他在球场上的表现“汉塞尔是一个非常坚强的人，”吉普森说“当你看到他在场上时，你就会看到一种不可阻挡的力量，不会认为任何事情都是理所当然的）可知，教练喜欢的态度和在球场上的表现，即他很坚强，有一种不可阻挡的力量来战“”Enmanuel胜困难由此推知，令教练对感兴趣的是他应对困难的反应故选EnmanuelAo【题详解】37推理判断题通读全文，尤其是第一段“Hansel Enmanuel,a19yearold basketballplayer,has drawnattention after（灌篮）videos spreadquickly showinghis awesomeskills,like making3point shotsand dunkingwith ease.All withjust（岁的篮球运动员汉塞尔hisrightarm.It looksalmost effortlesswhenheplays.However,itsnot.It neverhas been.9•恩曼纽尔（）在视频迅速传播后引起了人们的关注，他展示了他出色的三分球投篮和轻松灌Hansel Enmanuel篮的技术全部只用他的右臂当他演奏时，看起来几乎毫不费力然而，事实并非如此而且从来不是这么轻松）”和倒数第二段中“But itsnot aneasy path.His missingarmleft himlackingbalance.Every timehe triedto run,（碎片）hed crashto theground,falling ondebris coveredacross thecourts heplayed on.These fallslefthimwith（疤痕）numerousscars.Intheinterview,Enmanuel pointedto thescarafterscardownthelengthof theleg,reminders（但这并不是一条容易的路他失去的手臂使ofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.他失去平衡每次他试图逃跑时，他都会摔倒在地，落在他所打球的球场上覆盖的碎片上这些跌倒给他留下了无数疤痕在采访中，恩曼纽尔指着腿上一道又一道的伤疤，让人想起正是这段艰难的时光让他取得了卓越的篮球技术）”可知，岁的独臂男孩用右臂展示了他出色的三分球投篮和轻松灌篮的技术，19Hansel Enmanuel这使他在网上迅速走红事实上，这并不像视频中看起来这么轻松，这是他在经过无数次摔倒仍然努力练球所换来的成就由此推知，这个故事告诉我们只要想做就能成功，即有志者事竟成故选CCEarlier findingsabout sharks have shownthat theycould learnskills fromeach other.Recently,Vera Schluesselatthe University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well12bamboo sharkscould recognize（认出）different numbersof objects.（几何图形的）Each sharkwas putinatraining poolwith picturesof twodifferent groupsof geometricshapesprojected ontoa wallThe teamthen cycledthrough atleast40objects ofdifferent shapesand shadesto ensurethe sharkswerentsimply pickingup onthe darknessof theobjects orthe areaof wall they covered.Around halfthe sharks learned toreliably press their nose against the image with themost objects,after whichthey wererewarded withfood.These sharksonly seemed able to pick out the bigger group if itcontained atleast twomore objectsthan thesmaller one.This maybe（捕食者）because thedifference betweensix andseven fishor predatorsis unimportantin thewild,says SchluesseLThe（智reason notallthe sharks learnedhow to do thetask could be that they,like allanimals,have differencesin intelligence力）.Sharks joina growingnumber ofanimals thathave beendiscovered to have similarskills atdistinguishing quantities,including blackbears,guppies andrhesus monkeys.In oneexperiment,dogs andwolves wereabletoreliably pickthelarger oftwo groups.But dogscould onlydo sowhen oneof thegroups hadfar more objects.Some sharkspecies aresocial learnersand canperform atask ina tankmore quicklyif theywatch anothershark thathas already been trained todo it.This challengesthe imageof sharksas mindless,solitary creatures.Just likehumans,sharks learn from theirown experiencesand failures.And justas wedo,sharks canlearn fromeach othersexperiences too,says CatarinaVila Poucaat MacquarieUniversity inAustralia.Being ableto learnfrom othersis enormouslybeneficial.Not onlydoes itsave time,but watchinganother sharkssuccess atfeeding orfailure toescape predatorscouldbea matteroflife ordeath.^^Schluessel and her colleagueshave alsopreviously foundthat bamboo sharkshave an advancedability torecognizecategories,such assnails orfish,enabling themto geta treateven ifpictures lookremarkably similar.This issimilar toourability to look ata goldfishandasalmon andknow that they arethe sametype ofthing,even thoughone is30times thesizeof the other.
38.What canwe learnabout thesharks in the recentresearchA.They aretrained torecognize theshapes.B.They arecapable oftelling morefrom less.C.They canidentify objectsdue tothe rewards.D.They areno betterthan dogsin tellingnumbers.
39.What doesthe underlinedword“solitary“in Paragraph4probably meanA.Selfish.B.Lonely.C.Risky.D.Lazy.
40.What isthe mainpurpose of the passageATo showhow sharkslearnfromeach other.B.To explainhow sharksand humansare alike.C.To provethat sharksare smarterthan theylook.D.To presentthe importanceof numbersfor sharks.【答案】
38.B
39.B
40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，鲨鱼有识别不同数量物体的能力【题38详解】细节理解题根据第二段中“Around halfthesharkslearned toreliablypresstheirnoseagainsttheimagewith the mostobjects,after whichthey wererewarded withfood.These sharksonlyseemedabletopickoutthebiggergroupifit（大约一半的鲨鱼学会了将鼻子可靠地贴在物体最多的图contained atleast twomoreobjectsthan thesmaller one.像上，之后它们就会得到食物奖励较多图像这组比较小这组至少多两个图像时，这些鲨鱼似乎才能识别出较大的这组图像）”可知，鲨鱼能够区别出多和少故选B【题详解】39词句猜测题根据划线单词上文“Some sharkspecies aresocial learnersand canperform atask ina tankmore quickly（一些鲨鱼物种是社会学习者，如果它们观察另一if theywatch anothershark thathas alreadybeentrainedtodoit.条已经接受过训练的鲨鱼，它们可以更快地在水箱中执行任务）和下文Just likehumans,sharkslearnfrom their.（就像人类一样，鲨鱼从自己的经历和失败中学习）”可知，鲨鱼是社会学习者，own experiencesand failures并不是独居生物，它们是有意识的，会从别的已经接受过训练的鲨鱼身上学到一些东西由此可推知，鲨鱼并不是无意识、孤独的生物，划线单词意为“孤独的”，与项（孤独的）”意思一样，故选solitary B“Lonely.B【题详解】40推理判断题通读全文，尤其是第一段uEarlier findingsabout sharkshave shownthat theycould learnskills fromeachother.Recently,Vera Schluesselatthe UniversityofBonninGermanyandhercolleagueshavedoneresearchonhowwell（认出）（早期关于鲨鱼的研究结果表明，它们可12bamboosharkscould recognizedifferent numbersof objects.以互相学习技能最近，德国波恩大学的和她的同事对只竹鲨识别不同数量物体的能力进行Vera Schluessel12了研究）”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，鲨鱼有识别不同数量物体的能力由此推知，文章的目的是告诉我们鲨鱼有识别不同数量物体的能力，即数字对鲨鱼来说很重要故选DDDespite decadesof research,disorders of the brainhave provedespecially difficultto treat.There isschizophrenia（精神分裂症）,which has not seen a breakthrough for more than60years,since thediscovery of一chlorpromazine whichhappened largelyby chance.But thestory ofchlorpromazine offersa powerfullesson:（抗过敏药），originally an antihistamine itwas repurposed as a medicine for schizophrenia.As ascientist whohas studiedschizophrenia fordecades,I amconvinced thatwe couldhave similar successes withothermedicines alreadyon ourshelves.Because anexisting drughas alreadypassed Food and DrugAdministration tests（）FDAapproved,successfully repurposingit couldtake lessthan half of theestimated13years andsignificantly lessthan the average$2billion to$3billion costof developinga singledrug fromnothing.The thousandsof FDAapproveddrugs thusrepresent avast resourcethat canpossibly be adaptedtotarget anynumberof conditions.But thispossibility islargely unexplored,in partbecause drug panies alwayshave torestructure（）their Researchand DevelopmentRD programstolookat otherdiseases.There arealso thousandsof drugsthat arenotFDAapproved.When apany discontinuesdevelopment ofa drug,whatever researchersknow is locked up in thatpanysfiles andmight as well belost.（使用机会）Scientists needaccess tothis information.If this information couldbe directedinto a centralizedresource,it would be greatnews.Researchers couldemploy thelatest toolsin bioinformatics,data scienceand machine（分子的）learning touncover monmolecular themesamong orbetween diseasesand promisingdrugs.Yet manydrugpanies are still unwilling to reveal anything that might put their copyrights at risk.Even academicsmay hesitateto sharewith peting laboratories.To copewith this,organizations likethe FDAmust develop motivations for sharing data,such asby creatinglegalsafeguards for privacy and mercial interests.These motivations could then open the floodgates for easytouse,openplatforms for efficiently sharing and mining data.This wouldnot havebeen possiblefive yearsago.But nowisacriticalmoment,and wehave neverbeen closerto realbreakthroughs.In mylab,we aretesting certaincancer drugsthat restoresome ofthe biologicalprocesses thatare disturbedinschizophrenia.We want to seeif thedrugs havethe samerestorative featuresin the brain cellsof schizophreniapatients.This isa proofoftheidea thata systematicand strategicapproach todrug repurposingcould actuallymove theneedle.一There isno time to waste.What weneed iscooperation from drug panies and academicscientists alike and access to thelifesavingdata theyhold.
41.Why doesthe authormention chloipromazinein thefirst paragraphA.To stressthe difficultyin treatingbrain disorders.B.To explainmedical progresscould happenby luck.C.To introducea medicinebreakthrough inmedical historyD.To showa medicinefor acertain illnesscan treatanother disease.
42.What canwe learnfrom the passageA.Information arisingfromdrugdevelopment canbe wasted.B.The undevelopedfunctions ofpresent medicinesare overvalued.C.We shouldtreasure FDAapproveddrugs morethan theunapproved.D.Studying existingdrugs ismore likelyto succeedthan developingnew ones.A.supportive B.negative C.understanding D.uncertain
44.Which wouldbe thebest titlefor thispassageA.New Drugsfrom OldB.Access toLifesaving DataC.Between DrugpaniesandScientists.D.Before andAfter MedicalBreakthroughs【答案】4LD
42.A
43.C
44.A
43.As fbrdrug panies9being unwillingto share,the authoris【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章通过一种抗组胺药物被用于治疗另一种疾病的例子说明了应该利用现有的药物来研制新的药物，这么做可以节约成本和时间，但其中存在着一些问题和挑战题详解】[41推理判断题根据第一段“Despite decadesof research,disorders ofthebrainhave provedespecially difficultto treat.（精神分裂症）,There isschizophrenia whichhasnotseena breakthroughformorethan60years,since thediscovery of一chlorpromazine whichhappened largelyby chance.But thestory ofchlorpromazine offersa powerfullesson:originally（抗过敏药），（尽管anantihistamineitwasrepurposedasamedicineforschizophrenia.经过数十年的研究，大脑疾病已被证明特别难以治疗还有精神分裂症，自从氯丙嗪的发现（很大程度上是偶然发现的）以来，已经有多年没有突破了但氯丙嗪的故事提供了一个强有力的教训它最初是一种抗组60胺药，后来被用作治疗精神分裂症的药物）”可推知，作者在第一段提到氯丙嗪是为了证明治疗某种疾病的药物可以治疗另一种疾病故选D【题详解】细节理解题根据第三段42“When apany discontinuesdevelopment ofa drug,whatever researchersknow.（当一家公司停止开发一种药物时，研究人员所知道的一切islockedupinthat panysfiles andmight aswell belost都被锁在该公司的文件中，可能也会丢失）”可知，药物开发产生的信息可能被浪费故选A【题详解】43推理判断题根据倒数第三段（使用机会）“Scientists needaccesstothisinformation.If thisinformation couldbedirected into acentralizedresource,it wouldbe greatnews.Researchers couldemploy thelatest toolsin bioinformatics,（分子的）data scienceand machinelearning touncover monmolecular themesamong orbetween diseasesand promisingdrugs.Yet manydrugpaniesarestillunwillingtorevealanythingthatmightputtheircopyrightsatrisk.Even academics（科学家需要获得这些信息如果这些信息能够集中到一个集中的may hesitateto sharewithpetinglaboratories.资源中，那将是一个好消息研究人员可以利用生物信息学、数据科学和机器学习领域的最新工具，发现疾病之间或疾病之间的共同分子主题和有前途的药物然而，许多制药公司仍然不愿透露任何可能危及其版权的信息甚至学术界也不愿与竞争对手的实验室分享）”以及倒数第二段“To copewith this,organizations likethe FDAmustdevelopmotivationsforsharingdata,such asby creatinglegal safeguardsforprivacyandmercialinterests.These（为了motivationscouldthenopenthefloodgatesforeasytouse,open platformsforefficientlysharingandminingdata.应对这种情况，像这样的组织必须制定共享数据的动机，例如通过建立隐私和商业利益的法律保障这FDA些动机可以为易于使用的开放平台打开闸门，以有效地共享和挖掘数据）”可推知，对于制药公司不愿意分享的行为，作者表示理解，所以提出建立法律保障商业利益故选C【题详解】44主旨大意题根据第二段“As ascientist whohas studiedschizophrenia fordecades,I amconvinced thatwe couldhave（作为一名研究精神分裂症数十年的科学家，我相信，similarsuccesseswith othermedicines alreadyon ourshelves.我们可以用货架上已有的其他药物取得类似的成功）”结合文章通过一种抗组胺药物被用于治疗另一种疾病的例子说明了应该利用现有的药物来研制新的药物，这么做可以节约成本和时间，但其中存在着一些问题和挑战可知，选项“从旧药中研制新药”最符合文章标题故选A A第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项For many people,being connectedin thedigital worldis justa partpf everydaylife.However,there aremany timeswhen you might wantto give up your digital devices.45What isa digital detoxA digital detox refers toa period when a person stops using tech devices such as smartphones,puters,and socialmedia.It isoften seenasaway tofocus onreallife social interactions without disturbing.There area varietyof forms ofdetoxing.46Also,you cantry aspecific detox—limiting the use ofone appor digitaltool thatis takingup toomuch ofyour time.Why doyou needa digital detoxMany expertsbelieve thatlech anddevice overusecan leadlo physicaland mentalproblems.One studypublished onGlobal Pediatric Health suggested that children who used digital devices at bedtime had significantly worseand lesssleep.47Besides,heavy deviceuse maybe relatedto mentalhealth concerns.Researchers fromthe Universityof Pennsylvaniarecently published a study linking theuse of socialmedia to increased stress（症状）level and symptoms of depression and loneliness.48For manypeople,pletely giving up allforms ofdigital municationmight notbe possible,particularly thosewhodepend onthem forwork orschool.So,thefirstkey is to berealistic.If you need your devices duringthe dayfor yourjob,（通try doinga minidetoxat night.49Another wayis toremove thingsthat disturbyou.Try toturn offpush notifications矢口）on yourphone orleave yourphone athome whenyou are having dinnerwith friends.Of course,you canalso tellyourfriends andfamily thatyou areon a digital detoxand askfor theirhelp,or keepa journalto trackyour progresstoensure a more successful detox.A.How doyou doa digitaldetoxB.In thiscase,you mightaswelltry adigitaldetox.C.What arethe keysto givingup all digital municationD.It alsofoundaconnection betweennighttime techuse andeyesight problem.E.Doing a minidetox isone way to setlimits andreduce yourfear ofmissing out.F.During thattime,you canturn offyourdevicesand spendan eveningfree ofelectronics.G.One ofthem isadigitalfast,which meansgivingup alldigitaldevices for a periodof time.【答案】
45.B
46.G
47.D
48.A
49.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了对许多人来说，在数字世界中连接只是日常生活的一部分然而，很多时候你可能想要放弃你的数字设备文章主要就如何戒掉数字设备提出了一些建议【题详解】45不艮据上文u For manypeople,being connectedin thedigital worldis justa partpf everydaylife.However,there are.（对许多人来说，在数字世界中连接只是日常生many timeswhenyoumightwanttogiveupyourdigitaldevices活的一部分然而，很多时候你可能想要放弃你的数字设备）”可知，上文提到了想要放弃数字设备，结合后文给出了戒掉数码产品的建议，可知本句属于过渡句，建议尝试戒掉数码产品故选项“在这种情况下，你B不妨试试戒掉数码产品”符合语境，故选B【题详解】46根据上文u Adigitaldetoxreferstoaperiodwhenapersonstopsusingtechdevicessuchassmartphones,puters,andsocial media.It isoften seenasawaytofocus onreal lifesocialinteractionswithoutdisturbing.There area varietyof（“数字排毒”指的是一个人停止使用智能、电脑和社交媒体等科技设备的一段forms ofdetoxing.时间它通常被视为一种专注于现实社会互动而不打扰的方式有各种各样的排毒方式）”以及后文u Also,you cantry aspecific detox——limiting theuse ofone appor digitaltool thatis takingup toomuch of yourtime.（此外，你可以尝试一个特定的排毒方法一一限制使用一个占用你太多时间的应用程序或数字工具）”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在列举数字排毒的方式，故选项“其中之一是“数码斋戒”，这意味着在一段G时间内放弃所有的数码设备”符合语境，故选G题详解】[47根据上文“Many expertsbelieve thattech anddevice overusecan leadto physicaland mentalproblems.One study行published onGlobalPediatricHealthsuggestedthatchildrenwhouseddigitaldevicesatbedtimehadsignicantly worse.（许多专家认为，过度使用科技和设备会导致身体和精神问题发表在《全球儿科健康》杂志上and lesssleep的一项研究表明，睡前使用电子设备的儿童睡眠明显更差、更少）”以及后文u Besides,heavy deviceuse maybe relatedto mentalhealth concerns.Researchers fromtheUniversityof Pennsylvania（症状）recentlypublishedastudylinkingtheuseofsocialmediatoincreasedstress levelandsymptomsofdepression.（此外，大量使用电子设备可能与心理健康问题有关宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员最近发表了一andloneliness项研究，将社交媒体的使用与压力水平的增加以及抑郁和孤独的症状联系起来）”可知，上文提到了研究发现睡前使用电子设备的儿童睡眠明显更差、更少，后文则提到了大量使用电子设备可能与心理健康问题有关，可知本句是在说明研究关于电子设备对儿童的其他负面影响故选项“研究还发现夜间使用科技产品与视力问D题之间存在联系”符合语境，故选D【题详解】48根据本段内容“Formanypeople,pletely givingupallformsofdigital municationmight notbe possible,particularlythose whodepend onthem forwork orschool.So,thefirstkey is to berealistic.If youneed yourdevices duringthe day（对于许多人来说，完全放弃所有形式的数字通信可能是不可能的，for yourjob,try doinga minidetoxatnight.特别是那些依赖于它们来工作或学习的人所以，第一个关键是要现实如果你白天工作需要你的设备，试着在晚上做一次小型排毒）”以及（通Another wayistoremove thingsthat disturbyou.Try toturn offpush notifications知）on yourphone orleave yourphone athome whenyou arehaving dinnerwith friends.Of course,you canalso tell yourfriends andfamily thatyou areon adigitaldetoxand askfor theirhelp,or keepa journalto trackyour progressto ensure——种方法是移除打扰你的东amoresuccessfuldetox.西当你和朋友共进晚餐时，试着关掉上的推送通知，或者把留在家里当然，你也可以告诉你的朋友和家人，你正在进行数字排毒，并寻求他们的帮助，或者写日记来记录你的进展，以确保更成功的排毒）”可知，本段主要说明了如何戒掉数字通信的方法，根据上文小标题均为设问句，且段落中提到了完全放弃所有形式的数字通信可能是不可能的，故排除选项故选项“如何戒掉数码产品？”符合语境，故选C AAo【题详解】49根据上文.（如果你白天工作“If youneed yourdevices duringthe dayfor yourjob,try doingaminidetoxat nightA.nervous B.careful C.serious D.concerned
5.A.challenge B.suffering C.pressure D.sadness
6.A.cover B.cut C.raise D.count
7.A.humbly B.painfully C.quietly D.proudly
8.A.patience B.desire C.courage D.inspiration
9.A.record B.return C.reward D.realize10A.eager B.excited C.stressed D.surprised【答案】l.C
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.B
6.A
7.C
8.C
9.B
10.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者不小心打破了一位老妇人的窗户，作者感到很内疚，于是给老妇人送了一封匿名信，信里作者表达了自己的歉意，且有作者省下来的七美元，用来支付打破窗户的费用但是第二天当作者给老妇人送报纸时，老妇人给了作者一袋子饼干，作者发现里面有一封信，信封里有七美元和一张写着“我问你感到骄傲”的便条，原来老妇人早就知道是作者打破了窗户【题详解】1考查动词词义辨析句意我们的目的是看看当石头从屋顶滚落并射入院子时，它们是如何变成流星的跑步；跳；变化；加上由下文A.ran B.jumped C,changed D.added“to fallingstars asthey rolledoff theroof and可知，作者和朋友扔石头的目的是想看当石头从屋顶滚落并落入到院子时，它们是如何变成shot intothe yard.流星的故选C【题详解】2考查动词词义辨析句意然而它太光滑了，所以当我扔它时它从我的手中滑落，它飞向了房子的一扇小窗户等待；前往;看；打固定搭配,意为“前往；朝移动/前进，A.waited B.headed C.looked D.called headfor由下文可知，石头朝房子的已删窗户那飞去了forasmall windowofthehouse/故选Bo【题详解】3需要你的设备，试着在晚上做一次小型排毒）”以及后文.（另一“Another wayistoremove thingsthat disturbyou种方法是移除打扰你的东西）”可知，上文建议做“小型排毒”，后文则提到了另一种方法，可知本句主要承接上文，说明利用小型排毒戒掉电子设备是如何操作的，后文是移出干扰你的东西，故可推测小型排毒是指关闭或远离电子设备故选项“在这段时间里，你可以关掉电子设备，度过一个远离电子产品的夜晚”符合语F境，故选F第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题;第
50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题请在答题卡指定区域作答Nowadays,people arespending morehours onwork.However,taking sometime offis importantfor refreshingyourselves.If you9rehaving trouble making time forabreak,the recentresearch by the UCLAs Anderson School suggeststhat treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.The findingsare basedonaseries ofexperiments.In onestudy of441workers,halfofthe testsubjects wereinstructedtohavea normalweekend,while theothers hadto“treat theirweekend like a vacation.The nextMonday,theweekend vacationersreported thatthey felthappier andwere generallymore satisfiedthan thosewho hadhad anormal一weekend.The vacationersalso reportedthey spentmore moneyin vacationmode about$130pared to$
104.But itwasntthe moneythat boughtthem happiness.The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups couldspend.The vacationerswere still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.The reasonthe vacationapproach mayhave worked wonders:The vacation mindset allows people to be moreattentive tothe present moment.We9re alwaystrying to get throughthings tocheck offour todo lists andtreating theweekend likea vacation pushesus out of ourcontinuous doingmode,“said CassieHolmes,a professorat UCLAsAnderson School.The studyshowed thatgetting intoa vacation mindset duringthe weekendis relativelyeasy.Even ifyou canttake theentireweekend“off,you canmanage tosteal apiece ofthe weekendto gain the benefitsofa vacationmindset.
50.What doesthe researchofthe UCLAs AndersonSchoolsuggest
51.Why maythe vacationapproach have workedwonders
52.Please decidewhich partis falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineitandexplain why.When theresearchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend,the vacationgroup wasunhappierthan theother group.（）
53.What wouldyou doto getintoavacationmindsetat weekendsAnd explainwhy.7/z about40words【答案】
50.Treating yourweekends likeavacationcan make you happier.
51.The vacationmindset allows people to be more attentivetothepresent moment.
52.When theresearchers controlledfor theamount of money both groups could spend,the vacationgroup wasunhappier】than theothe group.When theresearchers controlledfor theamount ofmoney bothgroups couldspend,the vacationerswere still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.
53.1treat the weekendlikeavacation,which allowsme tomentally getout ofcontinuous workmode.Because wealwayswant toget things done andcheck our todo list,this canmake usfeel tenseand stressed.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了如今，人们花在工作上的时间越来越多然而，休息一段时间对恢复精神很重要如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐【题详解】50考查细节理解根据第一段中“If yourehavingtroublemakingtimefbr abreak,the recentresearch by theUCLAs（如果你找不到时间休AndersonSchoolsuggests thattreatingyourweekends likeavacationcanmakeyouhappier.”息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐）可知，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森商学院的研究表明了把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐故答案为Treating yourweekendslike avacation canmakeyouhappier.题详解】[51考查细节理解根据第三段中“The reasonthe vacationapproach mayhaveworkedwonders:The vacationmindset（度假的方式可能会产生奇迹的原因是度假的心态让allowspeopletobemore attentivetothepresent moment.”人们更加关注当下）可知，度假方式会产生奇迹是因为度假的心态让人们更加关注当下故答案为The vacationmindsetallowspeopletobemoreattentivetothepresentmoment.【题详解】52考查细节理解根据第二段中“The researchers controlledfor theamount ofmoney bothgroups couldspend.（研究人员控制了两组人可The vacationerswerestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperiencedatypicalweekend.以花的钱度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐）可知，When theresearchers controlledfortheamount（当研究人员控制两组人可ofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,the vacationgroup wasunhappier thantheother group.以花的钱时，度假组比另一组更不快乐）这项陈述中，“度假组比另一组更不快乐”这句话是错误的正确的表述应为当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐故答案为When theresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,the vacationgroup wasunhappierthantheothergroup.When theresearcherscontrolledfortheamountofmoneybothgroupscouldspend,thevacationers werestillhappierthantheoneswhohadexperiencedatypicalweekend.【题详解】53考查主观评价根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中“Were alwaystrying toget throughthings tocheck offourtodolistsand treatingthe weekendlikeavacation pushesus outof ourcontinuous doingmode Jsaid CassieHolmes,a professorat（加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院（）教授凯西•霍姆斯UCLAsAndersonSchool.”UCLA AndersonSchool（）说“我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，把周末当成假期，这让我们摆脱CassieHolmes了连续不断的‘做模式”）以及题干的要求“你会怎么做才能在周末进入度假心态呢？并解释原因”，言之有理即可参考答案我会把周末当成假期，这让我从心理上摆脱了连续不断的工作模式因为我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，这可能会让我们感到紧张和有压力故答案为I treattheweekendlikeavacation,which allowsmetomentally getoutofcontinuous workmode.Because wealways wanttogetthingsdoneandcheck ourtodolist,this canmake usfeel tenseand stressed.第二节（20分）.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华你的英国朋友被中文老师邀请去家里过除夕（）54Jim Chinese New Years Eve,他发来邮件询问相关信息请你用英文给他回复，内容包括.除夕活动；1,做客礼仪2注意.词数左右；
1100.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数3Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Knowing thatyou areinvited byyour Chineseteacher tospend the Chinese New Years Eveat his home,I amwritingto tellyou something about it.In China,theChineseNewYearsEve isvery importantfbr Chinesepeople.On thatday,people gettogether tohavea big meal,during whichdumplings areusually served.After thatthey willwatch theSpring Festivalgala evening.As aguest,youneedto knowsome etiquette.At first,youd betterarrive afew minutesearly.In addition,the momentyoumeet withyour Chinesefriendandhis/her family,you shouldsay“Happy Spring Festival”to them.I wishyou enjoyyourself.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本文是应用文英国朋友被中文老师邀请去家里过除夕，他发来邮件询问相关信息要求考生就Jim此事用英文给他回复，内容包括.除夕活动；,做客礼仪12【详解】词汇积累重要的至达一important—of importancelj arrivereach止匕夕卜一玩得开心.句式拓展In additionBesides enjoyoneself^have ftin2简单句变复合句原句After thatthey willwatch theSpring Festivalgala evening拓展句After thatthey willwatch theSpringFestivalgala evening,which isa traditionfor Chinesepeople.【点睛】【高分句型1]Knowing thatyou areinvited byyour Chineseteacher tospend theChineseNewYearsEveat（运用了现在分词作状语，引导的宾语从句）hishome,I amwriting totellyousomethingaboutit.that【高分句型（运用2]On thatday,people gettogether tohavea bigmeal,during whichdumplings areusually served.了介词引导的非限制性定语从句）+which考查介词短语辨析句意听到玻璃破碎的声音，我知道我遇到麻烦了有麻烦；流泪的；A.in troubleB.in tearsC.in relief如释重负；D.in danger处于危险中由上文Hearing thesound ofbreaking glassv和下文“Iwastoo scared可知，作者打破了别人家的窗户,怕自己被捉到，所以说作者知道自己遇到麻烦了about gettingcaught thatnight”故选A【题详解】4考查形容词词义辨析句意那天晚上我害怕被抓了，根本没有去关心那个在这么冷的冬天窗户破了的老太太紧张的；仔细的；严肃的；关心的由上文A.nervous B.careful C.serious D.concerned“Iwas tooscaredaboutgetting和下文可知，作者当时太caught thatnight tobe”“about theold ladywiththebroken windowin sucha coldwinter.”害怕了，根本没有关心这么冷的天，这位老太太会如何度过，固定搭配，意为“关心”故be concernedabout选D【题详解】5考查名词词义辨析句意然而,几天后，我开始为她的痛苦感到难过挑战；痛苦；A.challenge B.suffering C.压力；伤心由上文可知，作者打pressure D.sadness“theoldladywiththebrokenwindowinsuchacoldwinter.”破了老太太的窗户，这么冷的天，老太太肯定会受冻，由此可知，作者开始为她老太太在这么冷的天受苦而感到难过故选B【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意我把钱装进一个信封，并附上一张纸条，解释说我很抱歉打破了她的窗户，并希望这七美元足以支付费用支付；切；提高；数数由上文A.cover B.cut C.raise D.count“theseven dollarswouldbeenoughtov和下文“thecost”可知，作者将七美元给老太太，希望能支付自己打破窗户的费用故选A【题详解】7考查副词词义辨析句意我悄悄走到她家，把那封我没有署名的信偷偷地放在她家门口谦虚地;A.humbly B.painfully痛苦地；C.quietly悄悄地;D.proudly骄傲地由上文waiteduntilit wasdarkn和下文“putthe letterI didntsign inher doorinsecretv可知，作者等到天黑时悄悄地来到她家，把信悄悄地放在门口故选C【题详解】8考查名词词义辨析句意那一刻，我觉得我可以再一次有勇气看向老太太慈祥眼睛耐心；A.patience B.desire渴望；勇气；灵感根据上文C.courage D.inspiration“I putthe moneyin anenvelopewith anoteexplainingthatI wassorryfor breakingher windowand hopedthatthesevendollarswouldbeenoughto和6the cost.”“I wentup toher house7and puttheletterIdidntsign inher doorin secret.”可知，作者之前感到愧疚，但是现在作者为自己所做的错事进行了补偿，所以觉得自己再一次有勇气看向老太太慈祥的眼睛故选C【题详解】9考查动词词义辨析句意第二天，我把报纸递给她，并能回报她温暖的微笑记录；回报；A.record B.returnC.reward酬谢；D.realize意识至小由下文^She thankedme andgave mea bagofcookies/可矢口，当作者给老太太报纸时，她感谢了作者，对作者回以微笑故选B【题详解】10考查形容词词义辨析句意当我打开它时，我惊讶地看到了七美元和一张简短的纸条，上面写着“我为你感到骄傲”渴望的;兴奋的；有压力的；惊讶的由下文A.eager B.excited C.stressed D.surprised和上文提到作者偷偷地将匿名信和钱给了老“to seethesevendollars anda shortnote thatsaidJTm proudofyou.”太太可知，这封信表明老太太早就知道是作者打破了窗户，所以作者感到很惊讶故选D第二节选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空due tobe addictedto live up torather thanmake anefforttake advantageof representhave an impact onenable deal with
11.The redlines onthe maprailways.
12.This moneywould meto openmy ownbusiness.
13.The smokein theair wasa wildfirein thenearby forest.
14.You shouldthe hotelsgym andpool whileyoure there.
15.Ones generalknowledge abouthealth theirlifestyle choices.
16.Tim coffeeand cantdo anythingin themorning untilhes hadsome.
17.The girlhas failedtotheproblem ofhomesickness whiletraveling abroad.
18.After losingthe game,he tohide hisdisappointment,but weall sawit inhis face.
19.Weve heardlots ofgood newsabout therestaurant andits foodour expectationtoo.
20.driving aroundall daylooking forplaces topark,why dontyou takea businto town【答案】
11.represent
12.enable
13.due to
14.take advantageof
15.has animpact on
16.is addictedto
17.deal with
18.made aneffort
19.lives upto
21.Dr.Brown isa seniorprofessor viewsare widelyrespected.【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意布朗博士是一位资深教授，他的观点受到广泛尊重分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为因空白处在从句中作定语，使用关系代词引导定语从句，professor,whose故填whoseo（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
22.The littlegirl cryher heartout becauseshe had lost hertoy bear.【答案】cried【解析】【详解】考查动词时态句意小女孩因为丢了玩具熊而痛哭分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合从句动词可知，此处应为描述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时故填hadlostcried（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
23.Tom wasmy leaderandhepromised thathe helpme ifnecessary.【答案】would help【解析】【详解考查动词时态句意汤姆是我的领导，他答应必要时他会帮助我分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由主句动词可知，此处也要用相应的过去时态，结合句意可知，从句表示过去将要发生的事promised情，用过去将来时，为故填would dowould help所给词的适当形式填空
24.We wereamazeto seeJohn lookingso well,so soonafter hisoperation.【答案】amazed【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意我们惊讶地看到约翰手术后这么快就恢复得这么好分析句子可知，此处为形容词“惊讶的”作表语，构成动词短语惊讶于做某事”，满足句意要求故填amazed beamazed todo amazed所给词的适当形式填空
25.When Iwent topay hima visitinthehospital,heexamine bythedoctor.【答案］was being examined【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态句意当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合went he和动词为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构故填examine wasbeingexamined所给词的适当形式填空【答案】
26.He imaginedall sortsofexcite thingsabout studyingand livingin college.exciting【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意他想象着大学里学习和生活的种种令人兴奋的事情此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词表示“令人兴奋的，应用结尾的形容词故填things,ing excitingexciting所给词的适当形式填空
27.After aheated discussion,we cameup withthe waysolvethe fundingproblem.【答案】to solve【解析】【详解考查非谓语动词句意经过激烈讨论，我们想出了解决资金问题的办法此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词.固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，名词后应用不定式作后置定语，way,thewaytodosth way故填to solve.所给词的适当形式填空
28.When ababy isone monthold inChina,a FullMoon ceremonyholdto celebrateit【答案】is held【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态句意在中国，当婴儿一个月大时，会举行满月仪式来庆祝分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语和动词为被动关系，所以用被动语态结构，构成是a FullMoon ceremonyhold过去分词”，结合句意以及从句动词可知，本句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，“be+is动词应用故填be isois heldo（用适
29.They wereimpressed bythe schoolsthey hadvisited inthe poorvillage anddecided tohelp them.当的词填空）【答案】that##which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意他们参观过的贫困村的学校给他们留下了深刻的印象，于是决定帮助他们they hadvisited inthe poorvillagev是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theschools,指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用引导定语从句，故填that/which that/which（）（所给
30.It isabigchallenge findand keepthe rightbalance betweenprogress and the protectionof culturalsites.词的适当形式填空）【答案】to find【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词句意在进步与文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡是一项巨大的挑战itbe+（a/an）+名词+to dosth.固定句型，意为“做某事是（一件）.....的事”，it是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语，故填to find第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该DMATe PapaTongarewaTe PapaTongarewa isthe museumof art,science,and thenatural historyof NewZealand.The nametranslates toour container of treasured things and people that spring from mother earth here in NewZealand”.Te Papais openevery dayfrom10am to6pm,except onChristmas Day.Admission isfree foreveryone,but chargesapplyto certainexhibitions andevents.•Guided toursIntroducing Te Papa Tour willgive youa greatopportunity tounderstand thevarious viewsand culturesyou willmeetthroughout NewZealand.Te Papa@Twilight Touris anexcellent choiceto avoidthe crowdsand discoverTe Papashighlights asthe sunbeginsto set.Youcandiscuss ourdiverse naturalenvironment,andthecontinued growthof Maoriculture witha privateguide.Take ajourney withMaori ExperienceKinaki Tour,to discoverhow firstpeoples ofthe land have formed uniquefoods providedbythenatural world.The tourwill concludewithasharedkai,traditionallyinspired foodtasting.•Plan aneducation visitIfyouareaneducator,choose fromour rangeof educationprogrammes.Each canbeadaptedto yourneeds.Bothinperson andvirtualvisitsareaccessible.We remendbooking atleast twoweeks aheadof time.管理During thevisit,we requireyou tobring adultsto supervisestudents closelyas youare responsiblefor theirsafety.Foodanddrinksexcept bottledwaterare notallowed inexhibition areas.Schools arewele toeat lunchintheoutdoorcourtyard.You mayalso chooseto buylunches fromour cafeand arewele touse cafespace toeat.
31.According tothepassage,Te PapaTongarewa.C.hosts allthe eventsfor freeD.is openthe wholeyear roundA.shows localcollections B.is fullof worldwidetreasuresA.IntroducingTe PapaTour.B.Te Papa@Twilight Tour.C.An educationprogramme.D.Maori ExperienceKinaki Tour.
33.For aneducationvisitto Te PapaA.booking aweek aheadis requiredB.the museumensures studentssafelyC.eating inexhibition areasis acceptedD.the museumsupports personalizedservice【答案】3LA
32.D
33.D
32.Which tripof Te Papa offerstypical traditionalfood【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文是新西兰的艺术、科学和自然历史博物馆文章主要介绍Te PapaTongarewa了去旅行或进行教育访问的相关信息TePapaTongarewa【题详解】细节理解题根据第一段31“TePapaTongarewa isthe museumof art,science,andthenatural histoiyofNewZealand.The nametranslates to“ourcontaineroftreasuredthingsandpeoplethatspringfrommotherearthhereinNew.蒂帕帕汤加雷瓦是新西兰的艺术、科学和自然历史博物馆;这个名字的意思是Zealand”TePapaTongarewa“我们的容器，里面装着来自新西兰大地母亲的珍贵物品和人“可知，展示了新西兰当地的Te PapaTongarewa收藏品故选A【题详解】32细节理解题根据下面第三段Cuided tours“Take ajourney withMaori ExperienceKinaki Tour,to discoverhow firstpeoplesofthelandhaveformeduniquefoods providedbythenatural world.The tourwill concludewith。
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