串讲01定语从句原卷版

串讲定语从句（精讲精练）01思维导限制性定语从句的基本概述、、_——who whomwhose,which,that关系代词引导的限・关系代词的基本用法-制性定语从句宜用不用的情汉that whichL:关系代词的选择宜用不用的情况whoAvhom that定语从句中的主谓一致一限制性定语从旬先行词^时间在从句中作时间状语when引导定语从句的用法可吆换成介词上*when-when which关系副词引函版—_____________________先行词表地点，where在从句中作地点状语限制定语灰勺弓导定语从句的用法可以换成介词.I wherej rwhere+which先行词表原因，在从句中作原因状语why弓［导生语丛向的里法!，可以换成,why why for+which”知识串讲Id

一、概述在主从复合句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句被修饰的名词、代词或名词短

1.语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词分为关系代词（等）和关系副词（等）两类

2.that,which,who,whom,whose when,where,why

二、关系代词的基本用法的用法（指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语）

1.who.和我交谈的那个人是我的一个同学（主语）The personwho talkedto mewas one of myclassmates他就是我求助的那个人（宾语）He isthe manwho Iturn tofor helpvery much.的用法

2.whom（）.杰克是你应该关心的人（可以省略）Jack isthe personwho/whom youshould careabout who/whom.这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心（不能省略）The oldman towhom amedal is awarded isvery inspiringwhom的用法（指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略）

3.which飞机是一种会飞的机器（主语）The planeisamachine whichcan fly.（）她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了The goldmedal whichshe wonhas beengiven toher oldschool.（定语）的用法（既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略）

4.that每年参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万The numberof peoplethat/who visitthe cityreaches onemillion everyyear.（主语）（）特纳先生递交的报告是关于演讲比赛的The reportthat MrTurner handedin wasabout thespeech petition.（宾语、可以省略）.他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了（表语）He doesntseem to be the man that he wasten yearsago的用法（既可指人又可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语）

5.whose whose.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间（先行词是物）He livesin theroom whosewindow facessouth.这就是那位闻名全国的科学家（先行词是人）归纳This isthe scientistwhose nameis knownall overthe country指人时，常用下列结构来代替whoseI will talk to those studentswhose homeworkhasnt beendone onschedule.=1will talkto thosestudents,the homeworkof whomhasnt beendone onschedule.=1willtalkto thosestudents,of whomthe homeworkhasnt beendone onschedule.我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话的用法（既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，先行词被和修饰）

6.as the same,such soIn the在上次考试中，他犯了和你一样的错误last exam,he madethesamemistake asyou made.【易错点提示】关系代词只用而不用的情况

1.that which（）当先行词为等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时1all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你All that you mustkeep inmind is thatyoumust beburied in your research.的研究⑵当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时.他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者He wasthe firstsurvivor thatwas dugout from the ruins（）当先行词被修饰时3the only,the very,the lastTheonly thingthat wecan dois givein toour parents9ideas.我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见⑷当先行词既指人又指物时我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和I canremember wellthe personsand somepictures thatI sawin theroom.一些照片（）当主句是以或开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用5who whichthat在这次灾难中救你的人是谁？Who isthemanthat came to rescueyou inthis disaster⑹当先行词在定语从句中作表语时上海不再是过去的那座城市了Shanghai isno longerthe city that itused to be..只能用不能用的情况2which,that⑴先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时，我们的老师通常每天Our teachertypically assigneddaily homework,which wouldbe recitedin classthe followingday.布置家庭作业，第二天在课堂上背诵⑵先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的I boughta great many books,on whichI spentall mymoney thatI saved.积蓄⑶引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时Until now,we haveraised50,000pounds for the poorchildren,which isquite unexpected.到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了英镑，这是完全没有预料到的50000复数名词和复数名词作先行词的时候

3.one of+the onlyone of+复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，复数名词l“oneof+the onlyone of+作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式.这是查尔斯•狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本This isone of the bookswhich werewritten byCharles Dickens他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩He isthe onlyoneofthe boysin ourclass whohas learnedFrench.⑵为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现后不可加这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂This isthe factorywhich wevisited lastSunday.visited it

三、关系副词的基本用法.关系副词1when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词如等，关系副词在从when time,day,week,month,year when句中作时间状语有时具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定when=in/at/on/during...+which,There used曾有一段时间我不愿意去上学tobe a timewhen=during whichI hatedgoing toschool.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去上大学的ril neverforget the day when=on whichI leftfor collegewith myfather.那天关系副词

2.where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词如等，关系副词在从句中where place,room,house,spot where作地点状语有时具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定where=in/at/on...+which,他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍They areplaying in the parkwhere=in whichthere aremany flowers..这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远The officewhere=at whichthe girlworks isnot farfrom here［疑难点津］有一些先行词，如等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中point,stage,position,case,condition缺状语，需用引导where.在任何一个项目中，你者会达至You reacha pointin anyproject whereyou justwant toget thething finishedK个你只想把事情做完的阶段U—我们到了必须用法律来对抗暴力的境地We reacheda stagewhere wehad toanswer violencewith law.关系副词

3.why引导定语从句时，先行词常为关系副词在从句中作原因状语可用代替why reason,whyfor whichCan youexplain the reason why=forwhich you don9t helphim你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？你能告,诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？Can youtell methe reason why youdidnt eto hisbirthday party【名师点津】.关系词的个作用13关系词通常有下列三个作用（）引导定语从句;⑵代替先行词;⑶在定语从句中充当一个成分

1.关系代词和关系副词的判定2表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词试比较:你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？Do youremember thedays whenwe chattedwith eachother allnight（在从句中作状语）when你还己得我］在农场——起度过的为口些Do youremember thedays that/which wespent togetheron thefarm i日子吗？（或在从句中作的宾语）that whichspent这位天才钢琴家回到了他长大的城市（在从句中The talentedpianist returnedto thecity wherehe grewup.where作状语）.这位天才钢琴家回到了他去年去过的城市The talentedpianist returnedto thecitythat/which hevisited lastyear（或在从句中作的宾语）that whichvisited我不知道昨天他为什么没向I dontknow the reasonwhyhe didntturn tohis goodfriend forhelp yesterday.他的好朋友求助（在从句中作原因状语）why.我坚决不听你给我们的理由（或在从句中作I wontlisten to thereasonthat/whichyouhave givenus that which宾语）1的技巧总结定语从句解题三步走第一步根据是否修饰某一名词，放在该名词之后确定是不是定语从句第二步根据从句中是否缺主语或宾语确定用关系代词还是关系副词如果从句缺主语或宾语，则用关系代词；如果不缺主语或宾语，则使用关系副词（或者“介词）+which”第三步根据先行词具体所指，确定是哪个关系代词或者关系副词《%例剖析（浙江月高考）

1.20241Of course,shops arenot charities-they pricegoods in the waywill makethemthe mostmoney.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句句意当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为所以应用关系代词或故填way,thatwhichthat/whichoo（北京高考）

2.2023Nina recentlyfinished heryearlong seriesof runsin Chicago,thousands wereattendinga waterconference.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句句意最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议非限制性定语从句修饰先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填Chicago,where（•全国甲卷）

3.2023Yet,the formofthefable stillhas valuestoday,Rachel Carsonsays inA Fablefor Tomorrow”【答案】as【解析】考查定语从句句意然而，正如雷切尔・卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词引导故填as as

4.（20222023学年高一下•江苏盐城・期末）There isa dangerof enteringa cycleof highsand lowsmoreand morefort food,high incarbohydrates,needs tobe eaten.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句句意有进入高潮和低谷循环的危险，在这个循环中需要吃越来越多的高碳水化合物的安慰食物分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是引导词在从句中作地点状语•，应用关系副cycle,词引导从句故填where whereo（学年江苏天一中学下学期期末）

5.20222023He issuch a good boyeveryone likes.【答案】as【详解】考查定语从句句意他是大家都喜欢的好孩子分析句子可知，此处为关系代词引导的的定语as从句，先行词在从句中作宾语成分，此外当先行词有时，关系词应用故填agoodboy such,so,as asaso

6.（20222023学年高一下学期,江苏南通・期末）In aword,we havenow reacheda pointwe wishto enjoyandunderstand literature.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句句意总而言之，我们现在已经达到了一个我们希望欣赏和理解文学的时刻分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰从句中作抽象地点，用关系副词故填apoint,where,where

7.（20222023学年江苏南通高一下学期・期末）In a society beingthin isoften seenas beautiful,teenagerssometimes turnto extrememethods toslim down.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句句意在一个通常视瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会采取极端的方法来减肥分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词先行词在从句中作地点状语，空处应用关系副词asociety,whereo故填whereo

8.（20222023学年高一下•江苏天一中学・期末）A moraldilemma isa situationinyouhave twoor moredifficultchoices to make.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句句意道德困境是指你有两个或两个以上的艰难选择要做句中先行词为在situation,定语从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词或介词关系代词引导定语从句根据句意,故填where in+whichwhicho

9.（20222023学年高一下•江苏天一中学・期末）God helpthose helpthemselves.【答案】who【详解】考查定语从句句意天助自助者空格后的部分为定语从句，修饰先行词该定语从句缺少主those,语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用故填those whowhoo

10.（20222023学年高一下•江苏天一中学・期末）1will alwaysremember thescene allpeople weremovedto tears.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句句意我会永远记得那个所有人都感动得流下眼泪的场景空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词引导故填thescene,where whereI/V模拟演练.单句语法填空I

1.Our teachersspare noeffort tocreate anatmosphere enablesus to study attentivelyand harmoniously.

2.Wolves arehighly socialanimals successdepends uponcooperation.

3.The buildingwe arelooking atused tobeahospital.

4.Tm surethere are all kindsof historicsites culturalrelics needtobeprotected.

5.In thefuture,scientists planto usesustainable suppliesof cellscan bemaintained inthe lab.

6.It isused inproducts fromcups thatkeep yourdrinks hotor coldto packagingmaterials protectitemsduring shipping.

7.Zhong Wenan,chief engineerat theXichang SatelliteLaunch Center,said theyhad pletedthe mostextensive rehearsalbeforelaunch,is alsothe finaljoint rehearsal.

8.This isthereasonhe gaveme forhis beinglate.

9.Happiness andsuccess oftenetothose aregood atrecognizing theirown strengths.

10.Someone iscapable hasthe skillor qualitiesnecessary todo aparticular thingwell.

11.The countryshighest honoris giventothosehave madegreat contributionstothedevelopment ofthePeoples Republicof China.

12.The studenting fromthe countrywas starvingfor thefriendship fromthose efromthecity.

13.In NewYork andParis,its nothard tospot fancylocal shopsselling WhiteRabbit merchandiseto dedicatedfans offoreignconsumers toohave hoppedon thebandwagon.

14.Vm curiousabout theperson withMr.Smith istalking.（学年高二上•山东济宁•期末）

15.202320241encountered anold friendfrom Ihad partedfor manyyears.

16.She memorizedan ancientpoem name1didnt know.

17.Some peopleintention istomakebig moneyappreciate beinggiven anychance tomultiply theirine,believing thatis wheretheir happinesslies.

18.He isnot halfsuch afool theythought.

19.He issuch aperson isrespected byall ofus.

20.The BirdsNest issuch afantastic buildingattracts agreatmanytourists.

21.The manwith Ishook handsjust nowis mydaughters Englishteacher.

22.The naughtyboy madea holeinthewall throughhe couldsee whatis happeningoutside.

23.He opensa doorwhich ourimagination entersa newworld,a worldof love,beauty andheroism.

24.The peoplewhom MrSmith associatesareallhighly respectable.（学年高——下•福建泉州,阶段练习）

25.20232024The laboratorywhich theyworked hadpoor airquality.

26.Here weare at the beautifulbell towerforthevillage isfamous.

27.The parkoffers visitorsa sightof natureat majoritiesof peoplenever havethe chanceto takea look.

28.1will tellyou theway youcan studyEnglish well,because Iknow theway youhaveaccepted isnot thebest.

29.1met myschoolmate nearthe supermarketin Ioften goshopping withmum.

30.1joined Casey,who waslooking upat thescreen whichreaders9ments keptpopping up..完成句子n（动物的生长方式）

1.You couldstudy andhow theyact.（学年高一下.浙江湖州.开学考试）（曾经有一段时间）

2.20232024Henry toldme thathe stayedup everynight.

4.（20232024学年高一上,广东广，州・期末）Written Chinesehas alsobee animportantmeans（通过它中国的现在与其过去连接起来定语从句）.（在信中他解释了发生的事情）

5.He wrotea letterintheaccident.（那时我女儿能读懂这本书）

5.1am lookingforward tothedayand knowmy feelingsfor her.（并不同意你讲的一切）.

1.1agree withmost ofwhat yousaid,but I（学年高一上•广东江门•阶段练习）.（每个人者不遗余力

8.20232024There esthe timetostudyB地…）.（用定语从句）（我所做的）（）（我所想到的解

9.My motherwas soproud of all that she rewardedme witha tripto Beijing.do

10.决这个问题的方法）（）句型转换prove tobe practical.way m（改为省略句）

1.The bookthatheborrowed yesterday is well worth reading.—yesterdayiswellworthreading.

2.The burnthatshegot fromthe ironwas redand itwas verypainful.一was redand verypainful.

3.Theres anote sayingwhen the shop will open again.一Theres anote whentheshopwillopenagain.

4.The teacherstanding atthe school gate is Mr Wang.一The teacherattheschoolgateisMrWang.

5.Students shouldget actively involved inafter-class activities.They cangain experiencefor socialmunication.一（定语从句）Students shouldactivelyinvolvethemselves inafter-class activities.

6.Today,well discussa numberof cases.Beginners ofEnglish failto usethe languageproperly inthe cases.一Today,well discussa numberof cases.

7.The boyplaying football on the playground is my younger brother.—The boyis playingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.

8.It waswritten bythe Indianpoet Tagore.Tagore wasthe firstAsian towin theNobel Prizein Literature.

9.Many peoplelove toread thiscollection ofpoems.The reasonisthatthey canfeel thewarmth oflove andenjoy the（用关系代词或副词合并）innocence ofchildhood.

10.The initialpoems werewritten fromthe perspectiveofamother.The motherloves herbaby atplay andat rest,in（用关系代词或副词合并）laughter andin tears.。