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WEEK TWOSUNDAY仿真模拟卷
（二）第二周星期日］第I卷第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
1.——Steven,how wasyour interviewwith themanager—He seemeduninterested inwhat Isaid.（2017•天津一中5月考）A.That sit.B.It couldntbe better.C.r mnot sure.D.Cheer up!
2.一What doyou thinkof Putin一He is an outstandingleader whohis reputation.（2017-南开区四模，7）A.looks outfor B.es upwithC.lives upto D.looks forwardto
3.The educationsystem in China is very differentfrom in the USA.（2017•南开区四模，3）A.one B.itC.those D.that
4.Anyone whodrives throughred lightbe fined,according to the newly-made trafficregulation（.2016•天津十二区县一模，11）A.may B.shallC.would D.could
5..Though havinglived abroadfor years,many Chinesestill thetraditional customs16•河北区三模，）14A.perform B.possessC.observe D.support
6.Sorry,the pageyou foris currentlyunavailable.Please tryagain later.（2017•天津五校联考二模，）3A.looked B.are lookingC.will havelooked D.had looked
7.I haveread ofmany verysuccessful dreamersthat failednumerous timesthey experiencedsuccess.A.when B.after C.before D.until
51.When the author wentto Howard University,her dreamwas to beA.a writerB.a judgeC・a teacherD.a doctor
52.Why did the authorquit schoolin hersecond yearof collegeA.She wanted to studyby herself.B・She fellin loveand got married.C.She sufferedfrom aserious illness.D.She decidedto lookafter hergrandma.
53.What canwe learnabout theauthor fromParagraphs4and5A.She ignoredher guiltyfeeling for her sons.B・She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.C.She wasbusy yethappy withher familylife.D.She was too confusedto make a correctchoice.
54.What doestheauthormostly want to tellus in the lastparagraphA.Little bylittle,one goesfar.B・Failure is the motherof success.C.Every coinhas twosides.D.Well begun,half done.
55.Which of the followingcan bestdescribe theauthorA.Innocent andsingle-minded.B・Honest andresponsible.C.Ambitious andsensitive.D.Caring anddetermined.第n卷第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题（2016・河西区二模）We allhave storiesto tellabout a father andsome of these storiesare funny,some areofencouragement andsome arefilled withsorrow.One suchstory happenedmany yearsago but I alwaysremember it asif ithad happenedyesterday.My fatherwas amusic teacherwho traveledto farmhomes insmallermunities toteach hisstudents.He lefthome aroundone p.m.each afternoonto startteaching andwouldreturn aroundten oreleven oclock longafter everyone,except my mother,was asleep.Mother wasthe rulerof thehome.She was a stricttaskmaster,demanding thatwe allobey theruleswithout anyexcuse.When wedidn t,there werealways immediateconsequences.However,one dayI made a bigmistake and mymotherwarned methat myfather woulddeal withme.I wasrelieved because I knew I would be inbed longbefore hegot home.At night,I wentto bedearlyjust incase mydad camehome.I figuredit thiswayI wouldfall asleepwhen hegot homeand thereforehe wouldn,t wakeme upto punishme,and by the timemorning rolledaround,hewouldforget thewholething.But I was fallacious.!got upthinking allwas wellbut instead,Dad calledme into the playroom.Hetold mehow disappointedhe wasin me.He thentold methat I would losethe privilegeof playingwith anyofmy toysfor the next twodays.I stillremember thatincident vividly.The reason why Irememberitso wellis thatit taughtme agoodlesson.And,that lessonis thatconsequences willbefall youno matterhow much you dont wantthem,or howmuchyouhope that they willjust goaway likea baddream.
56.Why didn ttheauthor seehis fatherin theevening No more than10words
57.What wasthe authorsmom likeNo more than8words
58.What doesthe underlinedword“fallacious”in Paragraph3mean1word
59.What punishmentdid theauthor getNo more than10words
60.How areyou inspiredby theauthor sstoryNomorethan15words第二节书面表达满分25分饮食请根据提示，以Fast FoodinChina为题，写一篇词数不少于100的短文，向某英文杂志投稿
1.快餐在中国非常流行，人们尤其是儿童和青少年喜欢吃快餐
2.快餐受欢迎至少有四个方面的原因1方便，节约时间；2既可在快餐店里吃又可带回家吃；3快餐店干净、舒适；4服务好
3.从营养角度讲，快餐食品却不尽人意……o
4.你的看法或建议答案精析仿真模拟卷
（二）
1.C［根据后面的内容He seemeduninterested inwhat Isaid可知，他对面试的结果是没有把握的；所以用Fm notsure Thafsit就是它，就是这样；It couldntbe better再好不过了;Cheer up乐观起来0这几项均不符合语境，可排除故选C］
2.C［look outfor当心；e upwith想出，提出；live upto符合，达到，不辜负；look forwardt期待，期望根据句子所表达的意思〃他没有辜负他的名声〃可知，选C］
3.D［one泛指上文提到的可数名词这一类中的一个，相当于〃a+单数名词〃；it指代上文提到的单数名词或不可数名词本身；those指代上文出现的同类事物复数名词，相当于〃the+复数名词〃；that指代上文出现的同类事物,是特指，相当于〃the+单数名词〃或〃the+不可数名词本题用代词指代的是the educationsystem,system为抽象不可数名词，故选D］
4.B［句意为根据新制定的交通法规，任何闯红灯的人都要被罚款shall表示按规定、法规发生的动作故B项正确］
5.C［句意为虽然在海外生活了多年，很多华人仍然遵守传统习俗perform表演，执行；possess占有；observe遵守；support支持］
6.B［根据时间副词currently〃当前，现在〃以及后面的〃请稍后再试〃可知现在正在搜索页面，故应该使用现在进行时故选B］
7.C［句意为我读过很多成功的理想者的故事，他们在成功之前都失败了无数次before在……之前，符合句意，故选C］
8.D［句意为作为美国的精英报纸，纽约时报居然把谣言当作爆炸新闻the New York Times是专有名词，news是不可数名词，故填零冠词］
9.C［句意为——Mark独自一人去医院了——如果他告诉我这件事情，我会和他一起去的在if条件状语从句中，如果表示与过去相反的事实时，从句使用过去完成时，主句使用〃情态动词+have done故C项正确］
10.A［句意为正如所说，是我们的选择表现真实的自我，而不是我们的能力本句是一个强调句，强调句子的主语our choices故选A］
11.A［句意为考虑到学生的不同需求，学校已采取了更灵活的教育方法flexible灵活的，有弹性的；independent独立的;responsible负责的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的故选Ao］
12.C［这里是as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构其结构为名词/形容词/副词/动词+as/though+主语+谓语although在引导让步状语从句时不需要倒装；其他两项与句意不符故选C］
13.D［句意为收到她的信我很高兴信不信由你，我们20年没见面了believe itor not信不信由你］
14.C［句意为我们打算很早就出发，因此我们前一晚上就把东西打包了根据句中的packed可知此处应用过去的时态，所以排除A、D两项根据常识及句意可知，leave发生在pack之后，所以排除B项此处leave的过去进行时可表示过去将来时故选C］
15.A［句意为事故的原因还是一个谜it是形式主语，真正的主语是横线后的句子，句中缺少主语，所以选起双重作用的what］语篇解读本文讲述了作者在报纸上看到招募滑雪去北极的队员的广告，在自己的努力下通过了考核，成为了第一个滑雪去北极的英国女士
16.D［我在报纸上看到的是一则广告advertisement］
17.B［由第一句中的〃ski to the North Pole〃可知，需滑雪350英里到北极B项正确］
18.C［来自英国的妇女从来没有完成acplish这个挑战］
19.A［我想知道在那么冷的气温下生存下来是怎么样的survive生存，幸存］
20.C［当申请表到达的时候……o arrive到达，抵达］
21.B［申请表上全是男性探索者的照片male男性的，雄性的］
22.A［这使我更加坚定了加入该队伍的决心determined坚定的，坚决的］
23.C［apply for a place in the team申请在队伍中的一个位置］
24.B［为了挑选出最好的一组，选择过程包括身体和心理的测试pick挑选］
25.A［这个课程是训练最好的英国军官的，而不是给每个人的］
26.A［我在顶部停下了因为我有恐高症afearofheight］
27.D［我认为所有的希望都没了，希望的破灭用lose］
28.D［后来我发现组织者不是寻找优秀的个体individual,而是伟大的团队成员］
29.C［那一时刻展示给他们的是谁会留心队伍中的其他人look outfor留心，提防，留意找］
30.A［你必须成为你自己，因为你没有地方躲藏as因为，表示原因］
31.D［这些寻求帮助和展示真我的品质quality是女性必要掌握的］
32.C［我意识到通过成为真我，我能成功succeed］
33.B［我成为第一个滑雪去北极的英国女士the first第一个］
34.D［我意识到我能取得比我想象的更多的东西imagine想象］
35.B［分享我的故事给别人，能鼓励inspire他们踏入未知世界］语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，向读者介绍了4部鼓舞人心的电影
36.C［推理判断题根据第一段中unable to make anymovements exceptto moveyour left foot〃可知，除了左脚，其他部位都不能移动，因此主人公应该是一个残疾人，故选C］
37.D［推理判断题根据文章第三段中trapped in a Naziconcentration camp in1945〃可知，这个父亲和他的儿子被困在1945年的纳粹集中营，所以故事是发生在战争期间，故选D］
38.B［推理判断题根据最后一段中Employed ata highschool wherekids areexpected tofail,Escalante challengeshis mathstudents tostruggle forbetter things...the classmatesacplish theirgoals,thanks toMr Escalantessupport.〃可知，受雇于一所中学，学生都是成绩不及格，但他最终使学生们都有所成就，说明他善于教书，故选B］
39.A［细节理解题最后一段〃Edward JamesOlmos gotOscar nomination for best actor”告诉我们Edward JamesOlmos获得了奥斯卡最佳男演员的提名，故A项正确］
40.B［推理判断题根据四部电影的介绍可知，第一部Christy Brown是残疾人，最后成了艺术家和诗人；第二部David Helfgott虽然在精神病院度过了十年光阴，但仍展现出出色的音乐天赋；第三部深陷战争的父亲仍然让孩子保持乐观；第四部一个老师通过努力帮助很多孩子它们的共同点在于都传递正能量，有激励人心的作用，故选B］语篇解读文章介绍了一款智能运动鞋，利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间，起到控制体重的作用
41.B［细节理解题根据第三段中的We lookedat currentissues andchildhood overweightreallystood out,she says/And I wantedtodeal withthat withmy design.可以推断出这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题故选B］
42.A［细节理解题根据第四段〃Once a child hasused uptheir dailyallowance gainedthrough exercise,the television automatically switchesoff.And furthertime infront of the TVcan onlybe earnedthroughmore steps.可知这种鞋利用走路的步数来控制孩子看电视的时间故选A］
43.C［推理判断题根据第五段第二句〃Heal thexperts suggest that a child take12,000steps eachday andwatch nomorethan twohours oftelevision.〃可以推断出健康专家给出了每天合适的运动量和看电视时间故选C］
44.D［细节理解题根据最后一段中的Swan saysthese canbe easilytricked intorecording stepsthroughshaking.But hershoes have been builtto beharder forlazy teenagersto cheat.〃可以推断出类似产品可以用晃动来作弊，但是她设计的鞋使得懒惰的青少年很难作弊故选D］
45.A［标题归纳题本文主要介绍了一款智能运动鞋，利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间，起到控制体重的作用故选A］语篇解读本文主要讲了当你做错事时，道歉是至关重要的
46.D［细节理解题根据第二段首句Michael McCulloughmade aresearch andfound that the mostsincere,forgiveness-inducing apologiesinclude saying Tm sorry,offering tomake up for the wrongdoingin some way,and takingresponsibility.可知，当你做错事后向别人道歉意味着你开始承担责任故选D］
47.B［细节理解题根据第三段首句〃One basicscientific implicationof the results is that thehumanpsychology of conflict resolutionis usuallysimilar tothat ofanimals whichlive ingroups/可知，人类处理冲突时的心理和动物是相似的故选B］
48.C［推理判断题根据倒数第二段中的So insteadof usinglogic toexplain or defend,look inwardto identify why you didthe bad thing.〃可知，那些有情感共鸣的人倾向于寻找自身的错误故选C］
49.D［细节理解题根据倒数第二段中的Then conveythat tothem andsay that you would like tomake it better.〃可知，为了弥补错误的行为，下一次你需要做得更好故选D］
50.A［主旨大意题本文主要讲了当你做错事时，道歉是至关重要的故选A］语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文文章讲述了作者是一个充满爱心，意志坚强，在忙碌生活中仍然坚持自己梦想的人
51.B［细节理解题根据第一段中“aiming ata legalcareer anddreaming of sitting ona Supreme Courtbench somewhere可知，作者的梦想是成为一名法官，故答案为B］
52.D［细节理解题根据第二段中I madethe choice to withdrawfrom college to care forher.可知，作者的奶奶生病了，她选择退学来照顾奶奶，故选D］
53.C［推理判断题由第四段中You canimagine howfully occupiedI became,raising fourboys underthe age of
8.Our homewas a plete zoo-a joyouszoo.〃可知，虽然我当时一直忙于家庭照顾孩子，但却幸福充实故选C］
54.A［推理判断题由最后一段的little stepsadd upto bigdreams〃可知选A］
55.D［推理判断题根据文章内容，作者在实现梦想途中因为照顾奶奶而放弃梦想，在照顾家庭的同时仍然坚持梦想，可推测作者是一个有爱心又意志坚强的人，故选D］
56.Because he/she hadfallen asleepwhen his/her fathercame back.
57.She wasstrict withher children.
58.
8.Wrong/lncorrect.
59.He/She couldntplay withhis/her toysfor twodays.
60.If wemade amistake,we shouldface itbravely insteadof avoiding/escaping it.【参考范文Fast Foodin ChinaFastfood isbeing moreand morepopular inChina,especially amongchildren andteenagers.There areseveral reasonsfor itspopularity.First,it isvery convenient.Customers cango into a fastfoodrestaurant andeat thereor takeit home.Usually theenvironment offast foodrestaurants isboth cleanandfortable and these restaurantshave excellentservice.However,in termsof nutrition,fast foodis farfromsatisfactory.lt isusually nota balanceddiet andlow innutrition.As faras I am concerned,children cantaste fastfood sometimesbut nevereat itas frequentlyaspossible.
8.NewYorkTimes,an elite（精华）newspaper ofAmerica,should havereported thewhisperas breakingnews.A.The；a B.The；theC./；a D.The；/
9.——Mike wenttothehospital alone.一If heme aboutit,I would have gonewith him.（2016•红桥区重点中学八校联考，13）A.should tellB.toldC.had toldD.tells
10.As J.K.Rowling putit,it isour choicesshow whatwe trulyare,far morethan ourabilities.A.that B・whetherC.which D.when，Considering thedifferent demandsof the students approachthe schoolhas adopteda moretoeducation.（2017•河西区三模，3）A.flexible B.independentC.responsible D.considerate
12.Work theymight,they dicint gettheresultthey expected.（2017•南开区四模，）4A.although B・sinceC.as D.as though
13.I amso happyto hearfrom heragain.,it is20years sincewe metlast time.（2016•武清区三模，）12A.What,s moreB.That sto sayC.In otherwords D.Believe itor not
14.We veryearly sowe packedthe nightbefore.（2017-^T北区一模，8）A.leave B.had leftC・were leavingD.have left
15.It isstill aplete mysterycaused theaccident.（2016•河北区二模，13）A.what B.howC.that D.where第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题
1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项（2016・天津十二区县一模）I decidedto skitotheNorth Pole.lt wasafter Isaw an16in anewspaper looking for peopleto joinateam thatwould17350miles tothe Magnetic NorthPole.Back in1996,awoman from the UKhad never18this challenge.!wondered whatit wouldbe liketo19in temperaturesthatcold,so Isent offfor theapplication form.When theapplication form20,it said“Are YouMan Enoughfor theUltimate Challenge”and itwasfull ofpictures of21explorers.I wasangry anddecided thatwomen coulddo ittoo,so itmade meevenmore22to geton the team.Over500individuals23fora placeintheteam,andtheselection processincluded physicalandpsychological testsdesigned to24the bestgroup.Our testwastoplete theSandhurst militaryassaultcourse,where the UK,s bestofficers aretrained,and its notfor
25.We hadto climba hugerope ladder,and Istopped atthe topbecauseIhave afear of26J thoughtall hopewas
27.But twoothers helpedme，over,and later I foundout thatthe organizerswere notlookingforamazing28but greatteam players,and thismoment hadshown themwho would29others intheteam.I hadalso shownmy realself,and in aplacelike theArctic,you haveto beyourself,_30there isnowhereto hide.These31of askingfor helpand showingyour realself arenecessary forwomen tomaster.I realizedthat bybeing myself,I could
32.1was chosenfor theteam,and asa resultbecame the33British womanto skitotheMagneticNorthPole.I realizedthat I could achievemorethanI ever34waspossible——but moreimportantly,by sharingmy storywith
16.A.notice B・reportC.announcement D.advertisement
17.A.run B.skiothers,Icould35them totake astep intothe unknownC.drive D.fly
18.A.enjoyed B・ignoredC.acplished D.received
19.A.survive B-sufferC.exist D.hide
20.A.passed B・appearedC・arrived D・returned
21.A.female B・maleC・proud D・brave
22.A.determined B・confidentC.excited D.satisfied
23.A.waited B.lookedC.applied D・caredB.pick
24.A.trainD.challengeC.developB-someone
25.A.everyoneD.no oneC.anyoneB-silence
26.A.heightD.changesC.lossB・missed
27.A.leftD.lostC・savedB・team
28.A.skiersD.individualsC.menB・stay awayfrom
29.A.catch upwithD.get ridofC.look outforB.if
30.A.asD.thoughC.unlessB・experiences
31.A.talentsD.qualitiesC.lessonsB.fail
32.A.tryD・improveC.succeedB.first
33.A.excellentD.extraC.nobleB・predicted
34.A.admittedD.imaginedC.remembered B・inspire
35.A.allow D.promise阅读理解（共20小题；每小题
2.5分，满分50分）C・require第二部分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项A（2017・河西区一模）（）My LeftFoot1989Imagine beinga prisonerof yourowe body,unable tomake anymovements exceptto moveyour leftfoot.The maincharacter inMy LeftFoot,based onthe realstory ofcerebral palsy（大脑性麻痹）suffererChristy Brown,can barelymove hismouth tospeak,but bycontrolling hisleftfoot,hesable toexpresshimself asan artistand poet.For hismoving performance of Brown,Daniel Lewiswon hisfirst AcademyAward for best actor.S痴e1996Do you have atalent you re afraidto sharewith theworld DavidHelfgott seemedmeant fromchildhoodto be“one of the trulygreat pianistsv，but thepressures ofperforming andpleasing hisfatherresulted inapletebreakdown.Ten yearsina mental institutiondidntweaken Helfgotts musicalgift Whenhe wasrediscovered,he wasplaying concertosinabar.Shine receivedseven Oscarnominations提名，and Geoffrey Rush wonbest actorfor hisperformanceofHelfgott.Life IsBeautiful1991Nothing smore powerfulthan thelove betweena parentand a child.In thisheartbreaking Italianfilm,afatherRoberto Benignimakes anunbelievable sacrificefor his4-year-old sontrapped ina Naziconcentrationcampin1945,the Jewishman convinceshis boythat theyare playinga plicatedgame.Hemanages tospare himthe horroroftheterrible war,and evenin hisfinal momentsof life,keeps hissonsmiling andhopeful.Benigni wonthe bestactor Oscar.Stand andDeliver1988Few peoplecan inspireus morethan a good teacher.Jaime EscalanteEdward JamesOlmos gotOscarnomination forbestactoris agreat one.Employed ata highschool wherekids areexpected tofail,Escalante challengeshis mathstudents tostruggle forbetter things,like gettinggood gradesintheAPexam.Despite theobstacles in their lives,the classmatesacplish theirgoals,thanks toMr Escalantessupport.The realJaime Escalante,the BestTeacher inAmerica,says thatStand andDeliver is“90%truth,10%drama.”
36.The underlinedpart inthe passagemeans.A.the maincharacter inMy LeftFoot cant controlhis wholebodyB,the maincharacter inMy LeftFoot istrapped byothersC.the maincharacter inMy LeftFoot isa disabledpersonD.the maincharacter inMy LeftFoot isa prisoner
37.If youwanttowatch amovie aboutwars,which maybe one of yourchoicesA.My LeftFoot.B.Stand andDeliver.C.Shine.D.Life IsBeautiful.
38.Jaime Escalantehas atalent for.A.drawing andwritingB・teachingC.making storiesD.playing thepiano
39.Which ofthe followingis TRUEaccording tothe fourmovies,informationA.Edward JamesOlmos receivednominationforbestactorOscar.B.My LeftFoot wasdirected byChristy Brown.C.GeoffreyRushstayed inamentalinstitution forten years.D.Jaime Escalantehas atalent forplaying thepiano.
40.What dothe fourmovies havein monA.They areall based on realstories.B.They areall inspiringstories thatmakeadifference.C.The maincharacters allwon AcademyAwardforBest Actor.D.The maincharacters areall sickto somedegree butsucceed.B（2017・和平区三模）Sports shoesthat workout whethertheir ownerhas doneenough exerciseto warrant（保证；授权）time infront ofthe televisionhavebeeninvented intheUK.The shoes-named Square Eyes-contain anelectronic pressuresensor anda tinyputer chipto recordhowmany stepsthe wearerhas takeninaday.A wirelesstransmitter（传话器）passes theinformation toareceiver connectedtoatelevision,and thisdecides howmuch eveningviewing timethe wearerdeserves,based onthe days efforts.“The designwas inspiredby adesire tofight againstthe rapidlyballooning waistlinesamongBritish teenagers,“says GillianSwan,who developedSquare Eyesasafinal yeardesign projectat BrunelUniversityto London,UK.We lookedat currentissues andchildhood overweightreally stoodout,shesays.And Iwantedtodeal withthat withmy design.”Once achild hasused uptheir dailyallowance gainedthrough exercise,the televisionautomaticallyswitches off.And furthertime infront ofthe TVcan onlybe earnedthrough moresteps.Swan calculatedhow exerciseshould translateto televisiontime usingthe remendeddaily amountsofboth.Health expertssuggestthatachildtake12,000steps eachday andwatch nomorethantwo hoursoftelevision.So,every100steps recordedbytheSquareEyesshoes equalsexactly oneminute ofTVtime.Existing pedometers（计步器）normally clip（夹在）onto abelt orslip intoa pocketand keepcountof stepsby measuringsudden movement.Swan saysthese canbe easilytricked intorecording stepsthroughshaking.But hershoes havebeen builttobeharder forlazy teenagersto cheat.It ispossible,butit wouldbe alot ofeffort,“she says.uThat wasoneofmy maindesign considerations.,,
41.According toSwan,the purposeof herdesign projectis to.A.keep arecord ofthe stepsofthewearerB・deal withoverweight amongteenagersC.enable childrento resistthe temptationof TVD.prevent childrenfrom beingtricked byTV programs
42.Which ofthe followingis TRUEof SquareEyes shoesA.They regulateachilds eveningTV viewingtime.B・They determineachilds dailypocket money.C.They haveraised thehot issueof overweight.D.They containinformation ofthe receiver.
43.What isstressed byhealth expertsintheirsuggestionA.The exactnumber ofsteps tobe taken.B・The accuratenumber ofhours spenton TV.C.The properamount ofdaily exerciseand TVtime.D.The wayof changingsteps intoTV watchingtime.
44.pared with other similarproducts,the newdesign.A.sends teenagersJs healthdata tothe receiverB.counts thewearer ssteps throughshakingC.records thesudden movementofthewearerD.makes itdifficult forlazy teenagersto cheat
45..Which ofthe followingwouldbethe besttitle for the textA.Smart ShoesDecide onTelevision TimeB・Smart ShoesGuarantee MoreExerciseC.Smart ShoesMeasure Timeof ExerciseD.Smart ShoesStop ChildhoodOverweightC（2017・和平区二模）Saying Tm sorry“when you ve hurt someone canbe ahard thingto do.We restubborn creatures,after all,and dont lovedealing withit whenwe rewrong.But apologizing,and meaningit,is animportantpart ofthe forgivenessprocess.Michael McCulloughmadearesearch andfound thatthe mostsincere,forgiveness-inducingapologies includesayingTm sorryn,offering tomake upforthewrongdoing insomeway,and takingresponsibility.And thereasonwhythey workso wellis largelybasedonprinciples ofevolutiontheapologies makethe transgressor（犯错的人）seem morevaluable asa relationshippartner,and alsohelpthe victimfeel lessat risk of gettinghurt again.One basicscientific implicationoftheresults isthatthehuman psychologyofconflictresolution isusuallysimilar tothat ofanimals whichlive ingroups.u Manygroup-living animals,but particularlymammals,seem touse peace-making gesturesas signalsof theirdesire toend conflictand restorecooperativerelationships withother individualsafter aggressiveconflict hasoccurred,“McCullough said.We seemto reacha monview onthis point.”“Iwouldsay thatempathy（情感共鸣）isa part ofgood mentalhealth,and thatcould beapartof thenaturalselection process,too,Bethany Marshallsays.u Humanswith empathy tend tobe healthierandmake betterchoices inlife,while thosewho areaggressive dont tendto doas well.”And havingempathy whenyouvehurt someone,she says,isthebest wayto apologize.The mostimportantthing isthatyoufeel theother person,s pain,“she explains.So insteadof usinglogic toexplainordefend,look inwardtoidentifywhyyoudidthebadthing.Then conveythat tothem andsaythat youwouldliketomakeit better.That counts.vYou canmakeiteven betterby makingsure toact differentlythenexttime around-what thestudyauthors referredto as“pensation”（补偿）.But whattends tohappen often,says Marshall,isthatpeopleget defensiveabout whatthey vedone,or evenmad atthe personthey vewronged.uSo watchyourresponse,because theworst apology,“she adds,is onewhere thevictim isblamed.”
46.When youhurtsomeoneand apologize,it means.A.you wont takeriskofgetting hurtB・you putagoodvalue ona sincerepartnerC.youhaveto paya pricefor yourwrongdoingD.you areready tobe responsible
47.In theexperiment,McCullough findsthat.A.animals aremore cooperativewithotherindividualsB.humans psychologyisveryclose toanimals whendealing withconflictsC.aggressive conflictsaren teasy toend amonganimalsD.signal gesturesmay helpend conflicts
48.According toMarshall,people withempathytendto.A.defend themselvesfor whatthey havedoneB・try toexplain whythey dosomething logicallyC.find faultwith themselvesseriouslyD.show aggressivebehaviors inlife
49.To makeupforthewrongdoing,you needto.A.convey thebad thingsto othersB・experience theother persons painC.be carefulof yourresponseD.promise tobehave yourselfwell nexttime
50.What isthe mainidea ofthe passageA.Why apologizingthe rightway matters.B・How youaccept apologizingof others.C.When itis suitableto apologize.D.What youwill makean apologyfor.D（2017・河西区一模）In thefall of1985,Iwasa bright-eyed girlheading toHowardUniversity,aiming ata legalcareerand dreamingofsittingonaSupremeCourtbench somewhere.Twenty-one yearslaterIam stillabright-eyed dreamerand onewith quitea differenttale totell.My grandma,an amazingwoman,graduated fromcollege atthe ageof
65.She wasthe firstin ourfamilyto reachthat goal.But oneyear afterI startedcollege,she developedcancer.I madethe choicetowithdraw fromcollegetocareforher.lt meantthat schoolandmypersonal dreamwouldhaveto wait.Then Igotmarriedwith anotherdreambuilding myfamily witha binationof adoptedandbiological children.In1999,we adoptedour firstson.To layeyes onhim wasfantastic-and veryemotional.A yearlater cameour secondadopted boy.Then followedson2003,I gavebirth toanother boy.You canimagine howfully occupiedI became,raising fourboys undertheageof
8.Our homewas apletezoo-a joyouszoo.Not surprising,I neverdid makeit backto collegefull-time.But Inever gaveup onthedream either.I hadonly onechoicetofind away.That meanttaking asfew asone classeach semester.The hardestpart wasfeeling guiltyabout thetime Ispent awayfrom theboys.They oftenwanted metostay homewith them.There certainlywere timesIwantedto quit,butIknewIshould setan exampleforthem tofollow throughthe restof theirlives.In2007,I graduatedfromtheUniversity ofNorth Carolina.lt tookme over21years toget mycollegedegree!Iamnot special,just single-minded.It alwaysstruck methat whenyou relooking ata bigchallengefrom theoutside itlooks huge,but whenyoureinthemidst ofit,it justseems normal.Every thingyouwant wont arrivein yourlife onone day.It sa process.Rememberlittle stepsadd upto bigdreams.。
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