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级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷2022英语
2023.11本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分满分150分考试用时120分钟注意事项
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上写在本试卷上无效第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题
1.5分，满分
7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍
1.What sitesdoes the woman liketo visitA.News sites.B.Video sites.C.Social networkingsites.
2.What is the probablerelationship betweenthe speakersA.Classmates.B.Brother andsister.C.Teacher andstudent.
3.Where arethe speakerslikely to beA.In apark.B.In agrocery store.C.At arestaurant.
4.How oldistheboys cousinA.
22.B.
17.C.
5.
5.What doesthe manthink the woman shoulddoA.Brush herhair.B.Wash herhair.C.Cut herhair.第二节（共15小题;每小题
1.5分，满分
22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第
6、7题
6.What doesthe mantell thewomanA.Tommy taughtSam abad behavior.B.Sam andTommy bothmade mistakes.C.Sam cantbe friendswith Tommyanymore.
7.Where werethe childrenplaying yesterdayA.At the mans house.B.On theplayground.C.In aclassroom.听第7段材料，回答第
8、9题
8.Why didTim changehis mind（激光）LasersMartians in The War of the Worlds
（1898）give offwhat Wellscalled aHeat Ray.19・It would bemore thansix decadesbefore TheodoreHarold Maimanfired upthe firstoperational laserin1960,but militarythinkershad beenhoping toweaponize（使・••武器化）the conceptuallaser beforeit wasproven practical,.（原子弹）Atomic Bombs（）
20.The atomicbombs heintroduces inThe WorldSet Free1914fuel awar sodisastrous thatitssurvivors are moved to create a unified world government to avoid future conflicts.A.Genetic EngineeringB.Directed-energy WeaponsC.It canburn enemieswith anoiseless flashof lightD.It isoften awarning aboutthe consequencesof technologyE.Here aresome of the incredibleWells predictionsthat havecome trueF.Wells recognizedthe damagingpower thatmight becreated bythis weaponG.Scientists areworking towardsthe possibilitythat animalorgans couldsave humanpatients【答案】
16.E
17.A
18.G
19.C
20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了一些已经实现的令人难以置信的预言Wells【题详解】16上文“H.G.Wells,born in1866,was trainedas ascientist,a pioneeramong hisliterary contemporaries,and wasperhaps（类型）the mostimportant figurein thegenre thatwould becomescience fiction.Writers inthis traditionhave ahistory（not justof imaginingthe futureas itmight be,but ofinspiring othersto makeit areality.H.G.出生于年，被培养成一名科学家，在他的文学同代人中是一位先驱，也许是科幻小说流派中最重要Wells1866的人物这一传统的作家不仅有想象未来的历史，而且有激励他人使其成为现实的历史）”概括介绍了H.G.他是科幻小说流派中最重要的人物，有想象未来的历史，选项“以下是一些已经实现的令人难以置信Wells,E的预言”承接上文，引起下文，介绍一些已经实现的想象未来的预言故选项Wells WellsE【题详解】17下文u Visitors to The Island of Dr.Moreau
（1896）meet oddcreatures createdby themad mandoctor inhumananimalhybrid experimentsthat maypredict theage ofgeneticengineering.（《莫罗博士岛》
（1896）的游客们会看到这位疯狂的医生在人兽杂交实验中创造的奇怪生物，这可能预示着基因工程的时代）”介绍了他的有关基因工程的幻想作品，选项“基因工程”符合本段主题，适合做小标题故选项A A【题详解】18上文u Visitorsto TheIsland ofDr.Moreau
（1896）meet oddcreatures createdby themad mandoctor inhumananimalhybrid experimentsthat maypredict theage ofgeneticengineering.（《莫罗博士岛》
（1896）的游客们会看到这位疯狂的医生在人兽杂交实验中创造的奇怪生物，这可能预示着基因工程的时代）”提到了基因工程，选项G“科学家们正在研究用动物器官拯救人类病人的可能性”承接上文，说明科学家们正在研究动物基因工程拯救病人的可能性，和后文（免疫系统）（尽管“though todayhuman immune systems still ultimately reject such efforts今天人类的免疫系统最终还是会拒绝这种努力）”之间存在转折关系故选项G【题详解】19上文u MartiansinTheWarof theWorlds
（1898）give offwhat Wellscalled aHeat Ray.（《世界大战》
（1898）中的火星人释放出威尔斯所说的热射线）”介绍了他的科幻想象中的热射线，选项“它可以用无声的闪光燃C烧敌人”承接上文，说明热射线的作用一一闪光燃烧敌人选项中指上文中的故选项it HeatRay,C【题详解】20下文（）“The atomicbombs heintroduces inThe WorldSet Free1914fuel awar sodisastrous thatits survivorsaremoved（他在《世界自由》（）中介绍的原子弹引发了tocreateaunifiedworldgovernment toavoidfutureconflicts.1914一场灾难性的战争，幸存者们为了避免未来的冲突而建立了一个统一的世界政府）”介绍说他提到过原子弹给人类带来灾难，选项认识到这种武器可能产生的破坏力”引领下文，说明认识到这种武器可F“Wells Wells能产生的破坏力故选项F第三部分语言运用（共二节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑I have always wonderedhow farI couldpush myself.What aremy21limitsOur bodies,of course,set22for eachof us.Even with newer running shoes andbetter23there will always be limitsto howfast peoplecan24or howmuch weightthey canlift.Also,although we can getourselves in25shape,some of usare justgenetically moresuited tostrength and
26.But,more importantly,its apersons27that determineshow farheor shecan go.So,how couldI besttest myselfJohnCollins wasliving inHawaii whenhe28this question.One night,he waslistening toa fewfriends argueaboutwhether runnersor swimmerswere inbetter shape.He29the argumentby turningit intoan ideafor acompetition.Each30would swim
3.9kilometers,bike180kilometers and then run42kilometers.The firstone to31wouldbe given the titleIronman!I decidedto takethe advice.Preparing for the Ironman race started with food.I started32five toseven timesa daytogive myselfmore energyas I
33.Swimming,cycling andrunning beganto34a largepart ofeach dayfor me.In between,there wereworkouts in thegym.Finally,the dayarrived.Seventeen hoursafter starting,I arrivedat thefinish line.I35wasnt the first,but I hadchallenged myself and felt like a winner!
21.A.social B.intellectual C.readable D.physical
22.A.goals B.examples C.limits D.records
23.A.warning B.blessing C.training D.understanding
24.A.learn B.drive C.speak D.run
25.A.better B.darker C.smaller D.sharper
26.A.wisdom B.speed C.labor D.management
27.A.mind B.patience C.choice D.background
28.A.laughed atB.put forwardC.objected toD.benefited from
29.A.weakened B.remembered C.started D.broadened
30.A.audience B.instructor C.discoverer D.competitor
31.A.fail B.finish C.apply D.disappear
32.A.drinking B.eating C.dancing D.swimming
33.A.exercised B.calculated C.played D.escaped
34.A.sum upB.insist onC.take upD.depend on
35.A.certainly B.generally C.impossibly D.gratefully【答案】
21.D
22.C
23.C
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.A
28.B
29.D
30.D
31.B
32.B
33.A
34.C
35.A【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文作者一直想知道自己的身体极限是什么作者参加了铁人赛准备工作，从食物开始，游泳、骑自行车和跑步开始占据作者每天的大部分时间虽然比赛结果自己不是第一个，但挑战了自己，感觉自己像个胜利者！【题详解】21考查形容词词义辨析句意我的身体极限是什么社会的;知识的；可读的；A.social B.intellectual C.readable身体的根据可知，作者不知D.physical Ourbodies,of course,set2for eachofus.道自己身体极限是什么故选D【题详解】22考查名词词义辨析句意当然，我们的身体为我们每个人设定了限制目标；子；A.goals B.examples C.limit极限；记录根据可知，身体有极限故选D.records there willalways belimits”C【题详解】23考查名词词义辨析句意即使有了更新的跑鞋和更好的训练，人们能跑多快或能举起多少重量总是有限制的警告；祝福；训练；理解根据A.warning B.blessing C.training D.understanding“therewillalwaysbelimits tohow可知，通过更好的训练，人们能跑更快或能举起更大重量的物fast peoplecan4or howmuch weightthey canlift.”体，故选C【题详解】24考查动词词义辨析句意即使有了更新的跑鞋和更好的训练，人们能跑多快或能举起多少重量总是有限制的学习；开车；说话；跑步根据可知，准备跑鞋A.learn B.drive C.speak D.run Evenwithnewer runningshoes”跑步故选D【题详解】25考查形容词词义辨析句意此外，尽管我们可以让自己保持更好的体型，但我们中的一些人只是在基因上更适合力量和速度更好的；更暗的；更小的；更锋利的根据A.better B.darker C.smaller D.sharperuEven withnewerrunningshoes andbetter3可知，经过更好训练可以让体型更好，故选Ao【题详解】26考查名词词义辨析句意止匕外，尽管我们可以让自己保持更好的体型，但我们中的一些人只是在基因上更适合力量和速度智慧；速度;劳动;管理根据A.wisdom B.speed C.labor D.management someofus arejustgenetically moresuited tostrengthv可知，锻炼让我们保持体型也能提升力量和速度，故选B【题详解】27考查名词词义辨析句意但是，更重要的是，一个人的思想决定了他或她能走多远思想；A.mind B.patience耐心；C.choice选择；D.background背景根据u but I had challenged myselfand felt like awinner!”可知，这是思想决定自己走多远故选A【题详解】28考查动词短语辨析句意约翰・科林提出这个问题时住在夏威夷A.laughed at嘲笑；B.put forward提出；C.objected to反对；D.benefited from从中受益根据u So,how couldI besttest myselfv可知,这是约翰提出的问题故选B【题详解】29考查动词词义辨析句意他扩大了论点，把它变成了一个竞赛的想法变弱；A.weakened B.记得；开始；扩大根据.”可知，remembered C.started D.broadened“by turningit intoan ideafor acompetition这是他把论点进行了扩大故选D【题详解】30考查名词词义辨析句意每个参赛者都要游泳公里，自行车公里，然后跑步公里观众；918042A.audience指导者；发现者；竞赛者根据B.instructor C.discoverer D.competitor“by turningit intoan ideafor acompetition.”可知，这是参赛者要完成的项目故选D【题详解】31考查动词词义辨析句意第一个到达终点的人将被授予铁人的称号!失败；完成；运用；A.fail B.finish C.apply消失根据可知,第一个达到终点的人故选D.disappear wouldbegiventhetitleIronman!”B【题详解】32考查动词词义辨析句意我开始每天吃五到七次，以便在锻炼时给自己更多的能量喝水；A.drinkingB.eating吃；C.dancing跳舞；D.swimming游泳根据uPreparing forthe Ironmanrace startedwith food”可知，开始吃得更多故选B【题详解】33考查动词词义辨析句意我开始每天吃五到七次，以便在锻炼时给自己更多的能量练习；A.exercised B.计算；演奏；逃离根据可知，作calculated C.played D.escaped PreparingfortheIronmanracestartedwithfood.者在为铁人赛锻炼身体故选A【题详解】34考查动词短语辨析句意游泳、骑自行车和跑步开始占据我每天的大部分时间总结；坚A.sumup B.insist on持；占据；依赖根据可知，大部分时间C.take upD.depend onIn between,there wereworkouts in the gym.被游泳、骑自行车、跑步占据故选C【题详解】35考查副词词义辨析句意我当然不是第一个，但我挑战了自己，感觉自己像个胜利者!当然；certainly B.generally一般；不可能；感激根据可知，虽C.impossibly D.gratefully“butI hadchallengedmyselfandfeltlikeawinner!然作者不是第一个到达终点的人，这是当然地，但是感觉自己像一个胜利者故选Ao第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分，满分15分阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1As an educator,I know what isgoing onin theminds ofmy students.I look at36they body language.When studentsare interested in alesson,they leanforward andlook atme.People have a tendency37lean towardswhatever they are interestedin.So ifa studenthas hishead38lower tolookathis watch,itimplies heis boredand justcounting theminutes forthe classto end.If twofriends areleaning theirheads together,theyare39probable writingnotes toeach other.Of course,not everyone40looks upis payingattention in class.Some studentslook up,but there is an4absent ofeye contact.Their eyesbarelymove,and theyalways have42same distantexpression on their faces.It is as thoughtheyareasleep43their eyesopen.Some studentsare amused by somethingelse.They spendall theirtime44look anywherebut atme.They arecertainlyinterestedin something,but whoknows what.The mainthing isreminding distracted45student that they needtopay attentioninclass.【答案】
36.their
37.to lean
38.lowered
39.probably
40.who##that
41.absence
42.the
43.with
44.looking
45.students【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文作为一名教育工作者，作者讲述了自己的教学经验【题详解】36考查物主代词句意我观察他们的肢体语言限定名词应用形容词性物主代词故填body languagetheiro【题详解】37考查非谓语动词句意人们总是倾向于他们感兴趣的东西是固定句型，不定式作后置haveatendency to do定语故填to lean【题详解】38考查非谓语动词句意所以，如果一个学生低着头看表，这意味着他很无聊，只是在计算着下课的时间动词”把……放低”和前文名词之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语故填lower headloweredo【题详解】39考查副词句意如果两个朋友把头靠在一起，他们可能在给对方写便条修饰动词用副词故填writing probablyo【题详解】40考查定语从句句意当然，并不是每个抬头看的人都在课堂上认真听讲此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为指人，此时可用关系代词或引导从句，作主语故填everyone,who thatwho/that【题详解】41考查名词句意有些学生抬头看，但没有眼神交流根据不定冠词可知，此处应用名词单数故填an absenceoabsenceo【题详解】42考查冠词句意他们的眼睛几乎不动，他们的脸上总是有同样的疏远的表情形容词常与连用故same the填the【题详解】43考查介词.句意就好像他们睁着眼睛睡着了根据句意可知，此处用介词复合宾语表示伴with+their eyesopen,随故填with【题详解】44考查非谓语动词句意他们把所有的时间都花在看别的地方，就是不看我（）是固spend time in doingsth定句型，动名词作宾语故填looking【题详解】45考查名词复数句意最主要的是提醒走神的学生，他们需要在课堂上集中注意力名词是可数名词，student此处是零冠词，用复数形式表泛指故填students第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）.你校英文报正在举办“科技与生活”英文征文比赛请你以为题写一篇英文短文参赛，46Technology andLife”内容包括.科技进步给生活带来的便利；
1.科技进步带来的不好的影响；
2.你的观点3注意写作词数应为左右；
1.
80.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Technology andLife【答案】Technology andLifeIt is a greathonor forme to deliver aspeech concerningTechnology andLife^.With therapid developmentoftechnology,its influenceson ourdaily livesare everywhere.Thanks tohigh-tech,wecanstay connectedwith friendsand families,no matterwhere theyare.We can easily accessinformation,and evenorder foodand grocerieswith afew tapson ourmobile phones.However,technology alsobringsnegative influences.With theconstant exposureto thescreens,our eyesget tired.Whats worse,thereisalways aconcernabout privacyand datasecurity.Despite thesedrawbacks,I thinktechnologys positiveimpacts outweighthe negativeones.So,we needto usetechnology in a way that maximizes its benefits while minimizing its harm.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生以为题写一篇英文短文参加校英文报举行“Technology andLife”的征文比赛【详解】.词汇积累1迅速的，快的一rapid fhst由于，因为thanks to—owing to无论哪里一no matterwhere wherever虽然,尽管despite—in spiteof.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句Despite thesedrawbacks,I thinktechnologys positiveimpacts outweighthe negativeones.拓展句Although ithas thesedrawbacks,I thinktechnologys positiveimpacts outweighthe negativeones.【点睛】【高分句型（运用了1]It isa greathonor forme to deliver aspeech concerningTechnology andLife.动词不定式作真正主语作形式主语的用法）it【高分句型2]So,we needto usetechnologyinawaythatmaximizesitsbenefitswhileminimizingitsharm.（运用了引导的定语从句）that第二节（满分25分）.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文47I admitthat therewas atimeinmy lifewhen Ihated mybrothers.Especially,my olderbrother,Zach,He was13months olderthan me.As anelementary schoolkid,he lovedmaking funof hislittle sister:me.While Zach and I gotalong sometimes,we moreoften fought.The fightingonly stoppedafter myparents threatenedto punishus.But thisnever solvedanything in the longterm,and eventhough itstopped thefighting forthe moment,my angerjust keptgrowing.Toward theend ofmiddle school,we bothbegan collectingPokemon cards.We sawPokemon cardsas asort of（地位）status symbolwhoever hadbetter cardswas thestronger,better,cooler person.It becamea collectingcompetition,and everyweekend theneighborhood kidsand Zachand Iwould gatherto tradeor showoff ourcards.As Iremember,it wasimpossible toknowwhatcards youwould get;it wasthe luckof thedraw.So,it wasto my（全息、图的）great disappointmentand envywhen Zachgot aholographic Charizardone weekend.Charizard wasoneof therarest.The wayI sawit,if you got aCharizard cardyou werebasically the king of the world,and ifyougota（头奖）.holographic Charizard card,you werethekingoftheuniverse.Zach hadjust won the ultimatejackpotOne night,Zach wasntfeeling well.He wentto bedwith astomachache.In themiddle ofthe night,he awoke,cryingfrom beinginsomuch pain.I wentover to see whatwas happening.My parentscame rushingover andsecond slater,（呕吐）Zach vomitedall overhis room;on to the carpet,himself,and...the magicalCharizardcard!My parents注意immediately tookhim into the bathroomto gethim cleanedup andnear atoilet incase hehad tovomit anymore.续写词数应为左右；L
150.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2I wasleft inhis room,my heartpounding wildly—what aboutthe messycardZach didthank meand Ifelt ourrelationship softeneda bit afterwards.【答案】One possibleversion:I wasleft inhis room,my heartpounding wildlywhat aboutthe messycard Iknew what Ihad todo.I closedmyeyes andpicked upthe cardwith myfingertips.I tookit into the bathroomand cleanedthe card.I driedthe wetcard onatowel andlaid itout todry.I washedmy handsand tooka deep breath ofrelief...Ihadsaved thecard.The followingnightI told Zach whatI did,probably hopingfor somekind ofroyal treatment.Zach didthank meand Ifelt ourrelationship softeneda bitafterwards.As theyears passed,the Pokemoncards begancollecting dust in our basement.ZachandI becamecloser thanever.Maybe wewere justgetting olderor hadmore incommon.But Ifelt thatnight was a turningpoint.I didnthave togive Zacha kidneyor anythingto showhim howmuchI waswilling todo fbrhim.I justhadtoselflessly cleanhis Charizardcard.I cantthink of a betterway tosay,Heybrother,Igotyour back.^^【解析】【导语】本文以兄妹关系为线索展开，讲述了作者和哥哥的恩怨，哥哥比她大个月，他们之间经常Zach13有争吵他们都喜欢收藏魔怪卡，哥哥在一个周末得到一个全息的喷火龙卡，作者认为这是宇宙大王,是终极大奖，心里产生了嫉妒的恨意一天晚上，哥哥生病呕吐，把喷火龙卡弄脏了，作者小心为哥哥擦洗干净卡片，保存好，哥哥为此非常感谢，他们之间的关系日益和好的故事【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段首句内容“我被留在他的房间里，我的心狂跳着一一那张肮脏的卡片怎么办？”可知，第一段可描写作者为哥哥擦洗卡片并妥善保存
②由第二段首句内容确实感谢了我，之后我觉得我们的关系缓和了一些”可知，第二段可描写作者和“Zach哥哥的关系得到良性发展,续写线索捡起一一擦洗一一保存一一友好一一关系发展一一感悟2词汇激活
3.行为类
1.深呼吸take adeepbreath/breathe de叩ly
2.保存save/keep情绪类
1.宽慰的my heartpounding wildly/my heartracing wildly
2.亲密的:close/tight【点睛】[高分句型（由连接1].The followingnight ItoldZachwhatIdid,probably hopingfor somekind ofroyal treatment.词引导的宾语从句以及非谓语动词现在分词作状语）what[高分句型,（由引导的时间状2].As theyears passed,the Pokemoncards begancollectingdustinourbasement as语从句）听力答案1—5CACAB6—10CABBC11—15ABACB16—20ACBACA.He gota ticketfor free.B.The ticketis tooexpensive.C.He wantedto gowith hiscousin.
9.When willthemanget paidA.Next Saturday.B.This Friday.C.Next Sunday.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题
10.Why didthewomanhate themovie atfirstA.She didn9tlikeits ending.B.She doesntlike pigsor cows.C.She thoughtit wasvery unrealistic.
11.What wasthe mansfavorite part ofthemovieA.The surprisedgirl.B.The dancingcheese.C.The talkingmouse.
12.What canwe learnattheend ofthe conversationA.The moviewas alltrue.B.The womanchanged hermind.C.The mansaw themovie before.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题
13.What arethe speakerstalking aboutA.Videos of animals.B.Some insects.C.Animals ata zoo.
14.How doesthewomanfeel aboutanimalsA.She doesntlike lions.B.She wouldnteven killan insect.C.She dislikeswatching animalsbeing violent.
15.What isthe monkeydoingA.Playing witha kitten.B.Sitting ina tree.C.Following azebra.
16.How doesthe lionbehaveA.He isquiet andfast.B.He isplayful andcurious.C.He screamsand runsaround.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17.What wasthe firstthing thatJack foundin theold houseA.Coins.B.Toys.C.Clothes.
18.Why wasthe housebeing soldA.The housewas tooold.B.Jacks grandparentshad died.C.Jacks grandparentshad movedaway.
19.Why hadntJack foundthe notebookbeforeA.It washidden.B.His grandfatherplaced itthere recently.C.He hadno interest in searchingfor oldtreasures.
20.How didJack feelin theendA.Sad.B.Bored.C.Thankful.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题
2.5分，满分
37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项AParks arean essential part ofmany citiesand townsaround the world.They offera peacefulescape from the hustleandbustle ofeveryday life,a placeto enjoynature,and anopportunity toengage inphysical activity.Here arefour famousparksfrom differentparts oftheworld.Central Park-New York City,USACentral Park is anurban parklocated in the heart of NewYork City.It covers843acres andfeatures severallakes,gardens,and recreationalfacilities.Visitors cantake awalk throughthe parksmany pathsor participatein sportsactivitiessuch astennis and baseball.Hyde Park-London,UKHyde Park is one ofthe largest parksin Londonand covers350acres.It offersa sereneretreat from the citysbusystreets,with manytrees,gardens,and fountainsto explore.Visitors can also enjoyboating onthe parksSerpentine lake,cycling,or evenhorseback riding.The parkis alsohome toseveral famouslandmarks.Tokyo Park-Tokyo,Japan（宁静的）Tokyo Parkisa beautiful urban park in the heart of Tokyo and coversover130acres.It offersa tranquilenvironmentfor visitorsto relaxand enjoynature,with severalponds,gardens,and walkingtrails.The parkis alsohometo several famous museumsand artgalleries.Kruger National Park-South AfricaKruger NationalParkis oneof Africas largest game reserves.It ishome tomany differentspecies of animals,including elephants,lions,and rhinoceroses.Visitors cantake guidedtours tosee theanimals in their natural habitats.
1.What doCentral Parkin NewYork andTokyo Parkhave incommonA.They haveall kindsof sportsequipment.B.They areurban parksin the heartofCity.C.They havefamous museumsand artgalleries.D.They arehomes toseveralfamouslandmarks.
2.What canpeople doin Hyde ParkA.Ride ahorse.B.Play tennis andbaseball.C.Appreciate someart works.D.Visit thenaturalhabitatsof animals.
3.In whichpark peoplecan seemany differentspecies ofwild animalsA.Central Park.B.HydePark.C.Tokyo Park.D.Kruger NationalPark.【答案】
1.B
2.A
3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了四个世界各地的著名公园的情况以及每个公园的特点【题详解】1细节理解题根据第二段uCentral Parkis anurban parklocated in theheartof NewYorkCity.（中央公园是一个位于纽约市中心的城市公园）”以及倒数第二段u TokyoParkisabeautifulurbanparkin theheartofTokyoandcovers（东京公园是东京市中心一个美丽的城市公园，占地多英亩）”可知，纽约的中央公园和东over130acres.130京公园的共同之处是都是市中心的城市公园故选Bo【题详解】2细节理解题根据第三段.Visitors canalso enjoyboating onthe parksSerpentine lake,cycling,or evenhorsebackriding（游客还可以在公园的蛇形湖上划船，骑自行车，甚至骑马）”可知，人们可以在海德公园骑马故选A【题详解】3细节理解题根据最后一段“KrugerNationalParkisoneofAfricaslargestgamereserves.It ishome tomany different.（克鲁格国家公园是非洲最大的野生动物保护区之species of animals,including elephants,lions,and rhinoceroses一它是许多不同种类动物的家园，包括大象、狮子和犀牛）”可知，在克鲁格国家公园人们可以看到许多不同种类的野生动物故选DBOn July17,1888,Miriam ElizabethBenjamin becamethe secondAfrican Americanwoman to receive a patent fromthe U.S.government forher inventionofaGong and Signal Chair.At thetime ofher application,Benjamin wasliving inWashington,D.C.,working as aneducatorin thecitys publicschools.One ofonly afew blackwomen to receive a patentbefore1900,Benjamin alsostudied medicineand lawat HowardUniversity.Benjamin aimedto transformseveral industrieswith her innovation,including hotels,theaters,healthcare,andgovernment.The keyfeature ofthe chairwas anotification system,which allowedthe seatedperson to press a button andissuean alarmto theattendant whenassistance wasneeded.Press thebutton,the gongor bellwould sound,and theredsignal or flag onthe chair would also appear.Benjamins inventionreceived attentioninthepress and was featuredin newspapersacross thecountry.Shepersuaded the U.S.government tohave itused as a meansto signalpages inthe U.S.House ofRepresentatives,forexample,and thefinal systeminstalled wassimilar toher proposal.The methodused to signal flightattendants onairplanescanalsodate backto Benjaminsinsight.（鞋Benjamins careeras aninventor didnot endin
1888.In1917,she patenteda systemtodeliverdrugs inthe sole底）ofashoe.By1920,Benjamin hadreturned toBoston tolive withher brother,Edgar,a successfullawyer,and hermother.She remainedthere untilher deathin
1947.Benjamin nevermarried norhad anychildren.Benjamin alsohad successas acomposer.Music historiansbelieve shecomposed atleast twoimportant marches.The U.S.Marine Bandunder JohnPhilip Sousaperformed onepiece,“The BostonElite TwoStep Jintheearly1890s.Another composition,The AmericanBugle CallJ gainedeven moreattention asthe campaignsong forthe1904Presidential Campaignof TheodoreRoosevelt.4,What dowe knowabout BenjaminA.She inventeda beneficialalarm-sounding chair.B.She usedto hatetobea teacherin publicschools.C.She wasthe firstblack woman toreceive apatentintheU.S.D.She dreamedof havingfurther educationat HowardUniversity.
5.What isparagraph2mainly aboutA*Benjamins whole-life ambitions.B,The functionof Benjaminsinvention.C.Benjamins greatinterestinherinnovation.D.The reasonfor inventingthe Gong andSignal Chair.
6.Which ofthe followingcan bestdescribe BenjaminA.Reliable anddevoted.B.Creative andhumorous,C.Persuasive andproductive.D.Knowledgeable andgenerous,
7.What isthe purposeof thistextA.To showrespect forblack people.B.To explainBenjamins lonelylife.C.To introducesome newinventions.D.To remembera womaninventor.【答案】
4.A
5.B
6.C
7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了美国女性发明家米里亚姆•伊丽莎白•本杰明的生平及发明创造【题4详解】细节理解题根据第一段第一句On July17,1888,Miriam ElizabethBenjamin becamethe secondAfrican Americanwomantoreceiveapatent from theU.S.government forher inventionofaGong andSignal Chair.（年月日，米里亚姆•伊丽莎白•本杰明成为第二位获得美国政府专利的非裔美国妇女，因为她发明1888717了鸣锣信号椅）及第二段后两句uThe keyfeature ofthe chairwas anotification system,which allowedthe seatedpersonto pressa buttonand issuean alarmtotheattendant whenassistance wasneeded.Press thebutton,the gongor bell（这把椅子的主要特点是一个通知系统，当would sound,and thered signalor flagonthe chair wouldalso appear.需要帮助时，坐着的人可以按下一个按钮，向服务员发出警报按下按钮，锣或钟就会响，椅子上的红色信号或旗帜也会出现）可知，她发明的椅子具有声音警报装置，可以帮助有需要的人故选项A【题详解】5主旨大意题根据第二段后两句The keyfeature ofthechairwas anotification system,which allowedthe seatedpersontopressabuttonand issuean alarmtotheattendant whenassistance wasneeded.Press thebutton,the gongor bellwouldsound,and thered signalorflagonthechairwouldalsoappear.v（这把椅子的主要特点是一个通知系统，当需要帮助时，坐着的人可以按下一个按钮，向服务员发出警报按下按钮，锣或钟就会响，椅子上的红色信号或旗帜也会出现）可知，本段主要介绍了该椅子的功能故选项B【题详解】6推理判断题根据第三段第二句She persuadedtheU.S.governmenttohave itused asa meanstosignalpages inthe（例如，她说服U.S.House ofRepresentatives,for example,andthefinal systeminstalled wassimilar toher proposal.美国政府将其用作向美国众议院发送信号的手段，最终安装的系统与她的建议相似）及第四段前两句aBenjamin9s careerasaninventor didnot endin
1888.In1917,she patenteda systemtodeliverdrugs inthe soleof ashoe.v（本杰明的发明家生涯并没有在1888年结束1917年，她申请了一项在鞋底给药系统的专利）及第五段前两句Benjamin alsohad successasacomposer.Music historiansbelieve shecomposed atleast twoimportant（本杰明作为一名作曲家也很成功音乐史学家认为她至少创作了两首重要的进行曲）可知，她非marches.常具有说服力，而且有多项发明和创作，是一位多产的发明家故选项C【题详解】7推理判断题根据第一段第一句On July17,1888,Miriam ElizabethBenjamin becamethe secondAfrican American（年月womantoreceiveapatentfromtheU.S.government forher inventionofaGongandSignalChair.”1888717日，米里亚姆•伊丽莎白•本杰明成为第二位获得美国政府专利的非裔美国妇女，因为她发明了鸣锣信号椅）并结合下文对她的生平及发明创造的具体介绍推知，本文的主要目的是为了纪念这位女性发明家故选项DCBody languageisapowerful meansof communicationusedbyboth humansand animals.Through gestures,facialexpressions,and postures,individuals express emotions,intentions,and establish social connections.This nonverbalformof communicationplays acrucial rolein promotingunderstanding and establishing strongrelationships.In thehuman world,body languageis anessential part of dailyinteractions.A smilecan instantlyconvey happinessandfriendliness,while afurrowed browmay signifyworry orconfusion.Even slightchanges inposture can communicateconfidence ordanression.By payingattention tothese nonverbalsignals,individuals can better understand the underlyingemotionsand thoughtsof others,thus strengtheningtheir abilityto understandand connect with each other.Interestingly,animals alsorely heavilyon body language tocommunicate withintheir ownspecies andeven acrossdifferentspecies.For instance,a waggingtail ina dogusually meansexcitement orhappiness.Similarly,puffed-upfeathers inbirds canindicate attacks,while arelaxed bodyposture maysuggest satisfaction.By understandingthesesignals,animals caneffectively conveymessages andestablish socialclasses,ultimately improvingtheir chancesofsurvival andsuccessful reproduction.Furthermore,body language often overcomeslanguage barriers,enabling communicationbetween individuals whodo notshare acommon language.This isparticularly important in diversesocieties orin situationswhere verbalcommunication is not possible.In suchcases,gestures,facial expressions,and bodymovements becomefundamental inconveyingmessages andbuilding connections.Nonetheless,it isessential torecognize thatbody languageis notalways thesame.Cultural differencesandindividual personalitytraits can affect the interpretation ofcertain gesturesand expressions.For example,direct eyecontact is generally considered a sign of respect and focus in Western cultures,while itmay beseen asa challengeordisrespect inother cultures.Therefore,it iscrucial tobe mindfulof thesedifferences wheninterpreting body language incross-cultural communication.
8.What canwe learnabout body language fromparagraph1A.It isonly usedby humans.B.It islimited toverbal communication.C.It canexpressemotionsand intentions.D.It isineffective inbridging language barriers.
9.What doesthe underlinedword“depression“mean inparagraph2A.Being proud.B.Losing heart.C.Discomfort.D.Curiosity.
10.Why isbodylanguageimportantin diverse societiesA.It bridgeslanguage barriers.B.It helpsestablishsocialclasses.C*It isthe primaryform ofcommunication.D.It removesthe needfor verbal communication.
11.Which ofthe followingcanbeinferred fromthe lastparagraphA.Animals relyonly onverbalcommunication.B.Body languageis universallyinterpreted thesame way.C.Understanding bodylanguage canlead tosuccessful reproduction.D.Cultural differencescanaffect theinterpretation of bodylanguage.【答案】
8.C9,B
10.A
11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了肢体语言是什么，以及肢体语言给人类和动物带来什么影响【8题详解】细节理解题根据第一段第二句话uThrough gestures,facial expressions,and postures,individuals expressemotions,（通过手势、面部表情和姿势，个人表达情感、意图，并建立社会联intentions,andestablishsocial connections.系）”可知，个人可以通过肢体语言来表达情感和意图故选项C【题详解】9词义猜测题根据第二段“In thehuman world,bodylanguageisanessentialpartof dailyinteractions.A smilecaninstantly conveyhappiness andfriendliness,while afurrowed browmay signifyworry orconfusion.Even slightchangesin posturecancommunicateconfidence ordepression.By payingattention tothese nonverbalsignals,individuals canbetterunderstandtheunderlying emotionsand thoughtsof others,thus strengtheningtheir abilityto understandand.（在人类世界中，肢体语言是日常互动的重要组成部分微笑可以立即传达出幸福和友connectwitheachother好，而眉头紧锁可能意味着担忧或困惑即使是姿势的轻微变化也能传达出自信或通过关注这些非语言信号，个体可以更好地理解他人潜在的情绪和想法，从而增强他们相互理depression解和联系的能力）”可知，本段提到了微笑可以幸福和友好，皱起的眉头可能表示担忧或困惑该句中提到即使姿势的轻微变化也可以传达出自信或者怎样的信息由此推知，和的意思相反，depression confidenceconfidence的意思是“自信”，所以划线词语的意思应该是不自信，与“失去信心”意思接近故选项lose heartB【题详解】10推理判断题根据第四段前两句Furthermore,bodylanguageoften overcomeslanguagebarriers,enablingcommunication betweenindividualswhodo notshare acommon language.This isparticularly importantindiverse（此外，肢体语言通常可以克服语言障碍，使societies orin situationswhere verbalcommunicationis notpossible.不共享共同语言的人之间能够进行交流这在不同的社会或无法进行言语交流的情况下尤为重要）”可推知，肢体语言在不同的社会中跨越了语言障碍，这点尤为重要故选项A【题详解】11推理判断题根据最后一段uNonetheless,it isessential torecognize thatbodylanguageisnotalways thesame.Culturaldifferences andindividual personalitytraits canaffecttheinterpretationofcertain gesturesand expressions.For example,direct eyecontactisgenerallyconsideredasignofrespectandfocusinWesterncultures,while itmay beseen asachallenge ordisrespect inother cultures.Therefore,it iscrucial tobe mindfulof thesedifferences wheninterpreting body.（尽管如止匕，重耍的是要认识到肢体语言并不总是一样的文化差异language incross-cultural communication和个人性格特征会影响对某些手势和表情的解释例如，在西方文化中，直接的眼神交流通常被视为尊重和专注的标志，而在其他文化中，这可能被视为一种挑战或不尊重因此，在跨文化交际中解读肢体语言时，注意这些差异是至关重要的）”可推知，文化差异和个人性格特征会影响对某些手势和表情的解释故选项DD（磷）Plants needphosphorus to grow.At first,people usedorganic ornatural fertilizer.In1842English agriculturalchemistJohn BennetLawes patenteda processfor treatingphosphorus-rich bonesand rockswith acid,making iteasier forplantsto obtain,and soonthe worldsfirst human-made fertilizerbegan selling.Later scientistsdiscovered thatphosphorus wasa bittricky.The fertilizerLawes producedcontained aform ofphosphorus that plants caneasily use.But assoon asthe phosphorushit thesoil,a largepartof it reactedwith soilminerals,forming substancesthat cropscant access.Some alsogot lockedaway inequally unavailableorganic forms.So scientistsconcluded farmersshouldn,t cutback phosphorus.They shoulduse more,especially asthey racedtofeed theworlds growingpopulations duringthe20th century.In fact,it wasonce soilscientist PaulWithers5job tospread theword.As agovernment farmadvisor inthe1980s,he drovea redVolvo stationwagon aroundthewindingroads ofrural Englandtelling farmersto make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method,whichWithers calls insurance-based fanning,is stillwidely usedaround theworld.（遗漏的）But isthelarge amount ofunused phosphorusinthesoil-so-called legacy phosphorus actuallyas difficulttoobtain asscientists oncethought English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley hastaken afirst commonsense step:They stoppedadding phosphorusfertilizer to half the barley field tosee how the plants would grow.Eight yearslater,theyhave only just started to observethe firstsigns of phosphorus shortage.Barbara Cade-Menun,who overseessimilarexperiments inCanada,says,Our productionisnt changing.“The plantscan useour mistakesfromthepast,“says Sheida Sattari,whose2012analysis foundglobal soilscontainenough legacy phosphorus to cut the expected demand for new fertilizer in half by
2050.
12.What wasthe disadvantageof Lawes^rtilizerA.The costof producingit wasa bithigh.B.Too muchof itwould doharm toplants.C.It couldonly bepartly absorbedby plants.D.It ledtotheloss ofsome mineralsinthesoil.
13.What wasWithers5attitude tophosphorus overuseA.He feltuncertain ofit.B.He wasin favorofit.C.He wasworried aboutit.D.He showedno interestin it.
14.What doesparagraph4mainly focusonA.The increasingcosts offertilizer.B.The shortageof phosphorusresources.C.The ineffectivenessof insurance-based farmingD.The phosphoruspollution ofthe environment.
15.What doSattaris wordsmean inthe lastparagraphA.Crops canlive onlegacyphosphorus.B.Phosphorus isa necessitytogrowcrops.C.Unused phosphorusis causingbig trouble.D.It iswrong touse a largeamountofphosphorus.【答案】
12.C
13.B
14.C
15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章介绍一项研究，表明过去强调的每年要给农作物足够的磷肥是错误的，其实农作物可以靠遗留下来的磷生存【题详解】12细节理解题根据第二段中“The fertilizerLawes producedcontained aform ofphosphorusthatplantscaneasilyuse.But assoon asthe phosphorushit thesoil,alargepartofit reactedwith soilminerals,forming substancesthat cropscant（生产的肥料含有一种植物很容易利access.Some alsogot lockedaway inequally unavailableorganic forms.Lawes用的磷但一旦磷进入土壤，其中很大一部分就会与土壤矿物质发生反应，形成作物无法接触到的物质有些还被锁在同样不可用的有机形式中）”可知，的肥料缺点是只能部分被植物吸收故选项Lawes C【题详解】13推理判断题根据第三段中“In fact,it wasonce soilscientist PaulWithers,job tospread theword.As agovernmentfarm advisorinthe1980s,he drovea redVolvo stationwagon around the windingroads ofrural Englandtelling farmersto makesuretheircropsgotplentyofkeynutrients.This method,which Witherscalls insurance-based farming,9,is still.（事实上，传播这个信息曾经是土壤科学家的工作世纪年代，widely usedaround theworld PaulWithers2080作为一名政府农业顾问，他驾驶着一辆红色的沃尔沃旅行车在英格兰农村蜿蜒的道路上行驶，告诉农民要确保他们的庄稼获得足够的关键营养）”可推知，对磷的过度使用持赞成态度故选项Withers B【题详解】14主旨大意题根据第三段中“This method,which Witherscallsinsurance-based farming,is stillwidely usedaroundthe（称之为“保险农业”的这种方法至今仍在世界各地广泛使用）”和第四段中word WithersuEnglishcropscientistRoger Sylvester-Bradley hastaken afirst commonsense step:They stoppedadding phosphorusfertilizertohalfthebarleyfieldtoseehowtheplantswouldgrow.Eight yearslater,they haveonlyjuststartedtoobserve（英国作物科学家迈出了合乎常理的第一步他们thefirstsigns ofphosphorus shortage.RogerSylvester-Bradley停止向一半的大麦田添加磷肥，以观察植物的生长情况八年后，他们才刚刚开始观察到磷短缺的最初迹象）”以及（我们的产量没有改变）”可知，本段强调说明了“保险农业”的无效性，“Our productionisnt changing.即没有必要每年都使用那么多磷肥故选项C【题详解】15推理判断题根据最后一段中“The plantscan useour mistakesfromthepast,9says SheidaSattari,whose2012analysis foundglobal soilscontain enoughlegacyphosphorustocuttheexpecteddemandfornewfertilizerinhalfby（植物可以利用我们过去的错误，说,他年的分析发现,到年，全球土壤中遗留
2050.SheidaSattari20122050的磷含量足以将新肥料的预期需求减少一半）”可推知，的话说明农作物可以靠遗留下来Sattari的磷生存故选项A第二节（共5小题;每小题
2.5分，满分
12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项H.G.Wells,born in1866,was trainedasascientist,a pioneeramong hisliterary contemporaries,andwasperhaps类型the mostimportant figureinthegenre thatwould becomescience fiction.Writers inthis traditionhaveahistorynot justof imaginingthe futureas itmight be,but ofinspiring otherstomakeitareality.
16.Audio book,Airplane,and TelevisionWellsimagined formsof futureentertainment.In Whenthe SleeperWakes1899,residents usefantastic formsoftechnology likeaudio books,airplanes andtelevision sets.17VisitorstoTheIslandofDr.Moreau1896meet oddcreatures createdby themad mandoctor inhumananimalhybrid experimentsthat maypredict theageofgenetic engineering.18,though todayhuman免疫系统immunesystemsstillultimatelyrejectsuchefforts.。
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