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年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2022英语本试卷共10页,满分120分考试用时120分钟注意事项L答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”因笔试不考听力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案无效
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁考试结束后,将试卷和符题卡一并交回第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题每小题
2.5分,满分
37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项Grading Policiesfor Introductionto LiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays60%Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the gradefor thiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.Group Assignments30%作业Students willwork ingroups tocomplete fourassignments during the course.All the assignments will besubmitted by the assigneddate throughBlackboard,our onlinelearning andcourse managementsystem.Daily Work/In-Class Writingsand Tests/Group Work/Homework10%Class activitieswill varyfrom dayto day,but studentsmust beready tocomplete shortin-class writingsor testsdrawndirectly fromassigned readingsor notesfrom theprevious class1lecture/discussion,so it is importantto takecarefulnotes during class.Additionally,from timeto timeI willassign groupwork to be completedin classor shortassignmentsto becompleted athome,both ofwhich will be graded.Late WorkAnessay notsubmitted inclass on the due date willlose aletter gradefor eachclass perioditislate.If itis not根据前文u Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled Five Reasons to Thank Your WorkoutPartne.^^One reason(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题was:Youll actuallyshow upif youknow someoneis waitingfor you at thegymj为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章一个理由是“如果你知道有人在健身房等你,你就会去锻炼可知,这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由所以选择项(如果你C“Youll workharder if you trainwith someoneelse.和别人一起训练,你会更努力)”符合上下文语境故选C【题详解】17根据前文(首先,决定你想从那个人身上得到什么)和后文“First ofall,decide whatyou wantfrom that person.”(或者你只是想要身体健康,能“Or doyou justwant to be physicallyfit,able tomove withstrength and flexibility够移动的力量和灵活性)”可知,这里是一个问句,反问自己结伴锻炼的目的所以选择项D“Do you want to(你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗)”符合上下文语be abetter athletein yourfavorite sport境故选D【题详解】18根据前文“You mightthink aboutposting whatyou arelooking foron socialmedia,but probably wont result in auseful(你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西,但可能不会得到有用的回应)和后文response.”(如果你打算在健身房锻炼,那个“If youplan onworking outin agym,that personmust belongto thesame gym.人一定是同一个健身房的)”可知,寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点所以选择项B“A workout partner.(锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近)符合上下文语境故选usually needs to live close by”B【题详解】19根据前文“My partnerposted herrequest onthe noticeboard ofa localpark.Her noticeincluded whatkind oftrainingshe wanted to do,how manydays a week andhow manyhours shewanted tospend oneach session,and herage.It also.(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布listed herfavorite sports and activities,and providedher phonenumber告栏上她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼,每周多少天,每次培训要花多少小时,以及她的年龄它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动,并提供了她的电话号码)”可知,本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例,说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息所以选择项.G“Any noticefor atraining partnershould includesuch information(任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息、)符合上下文语境故选”Go【题详解】20根据前文(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能)和后文“You and your partnerwill probablyhave differentskills.”“Over time,both ofyou will benefit—your partnerwill be able to lift more weights andyou will become more physicallyfit.(久而久之,你们双方都会受益------------------------你的伴侣会举起更多的重量,你也会变得更健康)”可知,要学会求同存异,一起合作,共同提高所以选择项F“Just acceptyour differencesand learnto workwith each(接受你们的不同,学会彼此合作)”符合上下文语境故选other.F第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My husband,our childrenand I have hadwonderful campingexperiences overthe pastten years.Some ofour21are funny,especially from the earlyyears whenour childrenwere little.Once,we(小溪)22along ChalkCreek.I was23that our15-month-old boywould fallinto thecreek.I tiedarope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lastedabout tenminutes.He was24,and hiscrying一let the whole campgroundknow it.So25tying himup,I justkept aclose eyeon him.It26he didntend upin thecreek.My three-year-old,however,did.Another time,we renteda boatin VallecitoLake.The skywas clearwhen we27,but storms move infast in the mountains,and thisone quickly28our peacefulmorning trip.The29picked upand thunderrolled.My husbandstoppedfishing to30the motor.Nothing.He triedagain.No
31.We werestuck in the middle of the lake with a deadmotor.As weall sat there32,a fisherman pulled up,(拖)threw us a ropeand towedus back.We were33Now,every yearwhen myhusband pullsour camperout of the garage,we arefilled with a sense of34___,wondering whatcamping funand_35we willexperience next.
21.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries
22.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled
23.A.annoyed B.suiprised C.disappointed D.worried
24.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraid
25.A.due toB.instead ofC.apart fromD.as for
26.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed
27.A.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD.headed off
28.A.arranged B.inten*upted C.completed D.recorded
29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed
30.A.find B.hide C.start D.fix
31.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal
32.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly
33.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right
34.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement
35.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict【答案】2LC
22.A
23.D
24.C
25.B
26.A
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.C
31.A
32.D
33.C
34.D
35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险,并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险题详解】[21考查名词词义辨析句意我们的一些记忆很有趣,尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候想法;A.ideas B.笑话;记忆;发现根据上文jokes C.memories D.discoveries“have hadwonderful campingexperiences overthe pastten years v以及下文uespecially fromthe earlyyears whenour childrenwere little”可推知,此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的故选C【题详解】22考查动词词义辨析句意有一次,我们沿着白垩溪露营露营;开车;散步;A.camped B.drove C.walked D.骑自行车根据上文cycled“My husband,our childrenand Ihave hadwonderful campingexperiences overthe pasttenyears.v可知,此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营故选A题详解】[23考查形容词词义辨析句意我担心我们个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里恼怒的;惊讶15A.annoyed B.surprised的失望的;担心的根据下文C.disappointed D.worried“I tieda ropearound hiswaist to keephimnearto ourspot.可推知,此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里,所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子故选Do【题详解】24考查形容词词义辨析句意他很不舒服,他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点未受伤的;A.unhurt B.unfortunate不幸的;不舒服的;无所畏惧的根据上文C.uncomfortable D.unafraid“I tieda ropearoundhiswaisttokeep himneartoourspot.n以及下文uhis crying let thewhole campgroundknow itn可推知,此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,所以才会哭故选C【题详解】25考查介词短语辨析句意所以我没有把他绑起来,而是密切关注着他由于;代替、而A.due toB.instead of不是;除了;至于根据上文C.apart fromD.as for“He wasuncomfortable,and hiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.v以及下文“I justkept aclose eyeonhim”可推知,此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子,而是密切关注着他故选B【题详解】26考查动词词义辨析句意它起作用了,他最终没有掉进小溪里起作用;发生;A.worked B.happened C.mattered事关紧要;改变根据下文可推知,此处指作者的密切关注起作用了,孩D.changed“he didntend upin thecreek.”子没有掉进小溪里故选A【题详解】27考查动词短语辨析句意我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行注册、报名;冷静下来;退房、结账离开;启程、A.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD.headed off出发根据上文“The skywas clear”以及下文Ubut storms move in fastin themountains^可推知,此处指天气突然变化,出发时还天气晴朗故选D【题详解】28考查动词词义辨析句意我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行安排;中断;完成;记录根据上文A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded“stormsmovein fastinthe mountains,and thisone quicklyn以及下文Uour peacefulmorning tripsv可推矢口,此处指风暴来临,作者的旅行被迫中断了故选B【题详解】29考查名词词义辨析句意狂风大作,雷声隆隆风;噪音;温度;速度A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed根据上文可推知,此处指大风刮了起来故选“stormsmoveinfastin themountains”A【题详解】30考查动词词义辨析句意我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达找到;隐藏;启动;修理A.find B.hide C.start D.fix根据下文以及可推知,此“Nothing.He triedagain.”“We werestuck in the middleof thelake with a deadmotor.”处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动故选C题详解】[31考查名词词义辨析句意没有好运好运;回答;惊奇;信号根据下文A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal“Wewere stuck in the middleof thelake witha deadmotor.n可推知,此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动,也没有获得好运,船依然无法启动故选A【题详解】32考查副词词义辨析句意当我们无助地坐在那里时,一个渔夫停了下来,扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来耐心地;不知疲倦地;怀疑地;无助地根据上文A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly“We were可推知,此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了,作者与家人stuckin themiddleof thelakewithadeadmotor.”十分无助地坐着故选D【题详解】33考查形容词词义辨析句意我们安全了抱歉的;勇敢的;安全的;正确A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right的根据上文uafishermanpulledup,threw us a ropeand towedus back可推知,此处指得到了渔夫的帮助,作者和家人安全了故选C【题详解】34考查名词词义辨析句意现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充满兴奋,想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险救济;职责;自豪;兴奋结合语A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement境,再根据下文可推知,此处指作者期待接下来的露营,充满兴奋故选“wondering whatcamping fun”D题详解】[35考查名词词义辨析句意现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充满兴奋,想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险失败;冒险;表现;冲A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict突艮据上文I“Now,every yearwhen myhusband pullsour camperout of the garage,we arefilled witha senseofexcitement,wondering whatcamping funand v以及下文uwe willexperience next,,可推知,此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险故选B第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分,满分15分阅读下面短文,在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1The Chinesegovernment recentlyfinalized aplan toset upa Giant Panda NationalParkGPNP.36coveran areaaboutthree times37size ofYellowstone NationalPark,the GPNPwillbeone of the firstnational parksin thecountry.The planwill extendprotection toa significantnumber ofareas that38bepreviously unprotected,bringing manyof theexistingprotected areasfor giantpandas underone authority39increaseeffectiveness andreduce inconsistenciesin management.After athree-year pilotperiod,the GPNPwillbeofficially set up nextyear.The GPNP40designto reflecttheguiding principleof uprotecting theauthenticity andintegrity完整,性of naturalecosystems,preserving biological资产diversity,protecting ecologicalbuffer zones,41leaving behindprecious naturalassets forfuturegenerations,,.The GPNPsmain goalis toimprove connectivitybetween separate42populationand homesofgiant pandas,and43eventualachieve adesired levelof populationin thewild.物种,Giant pandasalso serve44an umbrellaspecies bringingprotection toa hostof plantsand animalsin thesouthwesternand northwesternparts ofChina.The GPNPis intendedto providestronger protectionfor allthe species45live within the GiantPanda Rangeand significantlyimprove thehealth of the ecosystemin thearea.【答案】
36.Covering
37.the
38.were
39.to increase
40.is designed
41.and
42.populations
43.eventually
44.as
45.that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园的计划GPNP【题详解】36考查非谓语动词句意该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一设空处在句中作非谓语,和句子的逻辑主语为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大cover theGPNP写故填Covering【题详解】37考查冠词句意该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一本句的结构为倍数+比较成份故填the sizeof+the【题详解】38考查时态和主谓一致句意该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性设空处在引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,that先行词为先行词在从句中作主语,根据之前地”可知从句的时态应为a significantnumber ofareas,previously一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式故填were【题详解】39考查非谓语动词句意该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式故填to increase【题详解】40考查时态语态和主谓一致句意旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,GPNP保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式故填is designed题详解】[41考查连词句意旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,GPNP为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则设空处前后为并列关系,应用故填and and【题详解】42考查名词句意的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数GPNP量水平设空处和后的复数名词并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词(种群)的复数的形and homespopulation式故填populations【题详解】43考查副词句意的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数GPNP量水平设空处后为动词设空处应用副词作状语,修饰动词故填achieve,eventually achieveeventually o【题详解】44考查介词句意大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护固定短语(充当)故填serve asas【题详解】45考查定语从句关系词句意该计划旨在为生活在的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改GiantPandaRange善该地区的生态系统健康设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为且先行词前为修饰,只能用关系代词故填species,all thatthat第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是校广播站英语节目的负责人李华,请给外教写邮件邀请她做一次访谈内
46.Talk and Talk”Caroline容包括节目介绍;
1.访谈的时间和话题
2.注意写作词数应为左右;
1.80,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Dear Caroline,Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Caroline,This ismy firsttime thatIhaveinvited youto attendour program-Talk andTalk.It istenyearssince Talk and Talkwasestablished.This is an amazingprogram whereyou canshare yourideas withstudents.Now,when havingtrouble inlearning English well,plenty ofstudents urgeto knowhow todeal withit.As our distinguished foreign language teacher,your aidcan helpus a lot.If you are availableon thisSunday,I togetherwith thewhole TalkandTalkstaff amwaiting foryourcoming.Td appreciateit ifyou takemy invitationinto consideration.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文,假定你是校广播站的负贵人李华,请给外教写邮件TalkandTalk Caroline邀请她做一次访谈【详解】.词汇积累1建立了不起的帮助许多.句式拓establish—setupamazing^fabulous aid—assistance plenty of—a lotof2展简单句变复合句原句As ourdistinguished foreignlanguage teacher,your aidcan helpusalot.拓展句You areourdistinguishedforeignlanguageteacher,whose aidcan helpusalot.【点睛】[高分句型(运用了引l]This isan amazingprogram whereyou canshare yourideas withstudents.where导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型(运2]Now,when havingtrouble inlearningEnglishwell,plentyofstudents urgeto knowhow todeal withit.用了状语从句的省略)第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文
47.It wasthe dayof thebig cross-country run.Students fromseven differentprimary schoolsin andaround thesmall(路线)town werewarming upand walkingthe routethrough thickevergreen forest.I lookedaround andfinally spottedDavid,who wasstanding byhimself offto the side bya fence.He wassmall fortenyears old.His usualbig toothysmile wasabsent today.I walkedover andasked himwhy he wasnt with the otherchildren.He hesitatedand thensaid hehad decidednot torun.What waswrong Hehad workedso hardfor this event!I quicklysearched thecrowd fbrthe schoofscoach andasked himwhat hadhappened.I wasafraid thatkids fromotherschools wouldlaugh athim Jhe explaineduncomfortably.I gavehim thechoice torun ornot,and lethim decide.I bitback myfrustrationft®.I knewthe coachmeant well—he thoughthewasdoing theright thing.After makingsurethat Davidcould runif hewanted,I turnedto findhim comingtowards me,his smallbody rockingfrom sideto sideashe swunghis feetforward.David hada braindisease whichprevented himfrom walkingor runninglike otherchildren,but atschool hisclassmatesthought ofhim asa regularkid.He alwaysparticipated to the bestof hisability inwhatever theywere doing.That waswhy none of thechildren thoughtit unusualthat David had decidedto jointhe cross-country team.It justtookhim longer——thafs all.Davidhadnot misseda singlepractice,and although he always finished hisrun longafter theotherchildren,he didalwaysfinish.As aspecial educationteacher at the school,I wasfamiliar with the challengesDavid注意faced andwas proud of hisstrong determination.续写词数应为左右;
1.150请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
2.We satdown nextto eachother,but Davidwouldnt lookat me.I watchedas Davidmoved upto thestarting linewith theother runners.【答案】We satdown nextto eachother,but Davidwouldnt lookat me.I saidgently andquietly,No onecan changeyourmind,except yourself.If youdesire tochallenge yourself,there is nothing to do withothers thoughts.He satstill withadeep breath.uYou havea fullpreparation beforethis event,which is the mostimportant reasonwhy youshow up here”,I addedwithasincere tone.Hearing mywords,David turnedto metremblingly withtears spillingout ofhis eyesandexpressed hehad made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run.His coachheard whatDavid saidand gavemea look—the kindthat wasmore determinedthan anyoneelses.I watchedas Davidmoved upto thestarting linewith theother runners.The racestarted.It seemedthat therunwaywas extremelylong for young children,not to mention achild witha heartdisease.David insisted on runningas ifhe hadforgottenall hisweaknesses,thoughhewas trippedover withintheafew kilometers.It didnttake longbefore hepickedhimself upagain andcontinued hismission.Classmates allappeared onthe racingtrack,cheering forhim.Come on!Youcan makeit!We areproudofyou!”they shoutedenthusiastically.To everyonesjoy,he reachedthe finalline andrankedthe20th.It wasno moreimportant whetherhe wonthe firstplace ornot.It washis braveheart andstrong faiththat couldmake something unusual happen finally.【解析】【导语】本文以赛跑为线索展开作者是一名特殊教育教师,在大型越野赛跑那天,发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁作者问其原因,他说准备放弃比赛从教练口中得知,因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫,所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑作者让大卫追寻自己的内心,不理会别人的看法,大卫最终参赛,尽管遇到困难,他战胜了自己,这已经无关名次,而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能【详解】段落续写L
①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着,但大卫不愿看我一眼”和第二段首句内容”我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上”可知,第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛,大卫经过强烈的心理斗争,最终决定参加比赛
②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上”可知,第二段可描写大卫开始参赛,虽然中途遇到困难,仍然坚持到最后,完成比赛续写线索鼓励大卫一一心理变化一一决定参赛一一克服困难一一加油助威一一完成比赛
2.词汇激活3行动类
①深呼吸withadeep breath/breathe deeply
②坚持做情绪类insistedondoing/be stickto doing
①热情enthusiastically/with greatpassion
②骄傲be proudof/take pridein[点睛][高分句型]
1.You havea fullpreparation beforethisevent,which is the mostimportant reasonwhy youshow(由引导的非限制性定语从句和引导的限制性定语从句)uphere.which why[高分句型]
2.Hearing mywords,David turnedtometremblingly withtears spillingout ofhis eyesand expressedturned in bythe4th dayafter thedue date,it willearn a zero.Daily assignmentsnot completedduringclasswill getazero.Short writingsmissed asa resultof anexcused absencewillbe accepted.
1.Where isthis textprobably takenfromA.A textbook.B.An exampaper.C.A courseplan.D.An academicarticle.
2.How manyparts isa studentsfinal grademade upofA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.
3.What willhappen ifyou submitan essayone weekafter thedue dateA.You willreceive azero.B.You willlose aletter grade.C.You willbe givena test.D.You willhave torewrite it.【答案】l.C
2.B
3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法【题详解】1推理判断题根据文章标题uGrading Policiesfor Introductionto Literature文学概论课程评分办法”和Essays60%部分u Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartof thegrade offor thiscourse你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分”可知,文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法,可得出本文是出自一个课程计划故选项C【题详解】2细节理解题根据黑体小标题Essays60%”、“Group Assignments30%”和uDaily Work/In-Class WritingsandTests/Groups Work/Homework10%,可知,学生的最终成绩由3部分组成故选B项【题详解】3推理判断题根据部分“Late Work”“If itisnotturnedinbythe4th dayafter theduedate,it willearn azero.如果没有在截止日期后的第天上交,将会得到零分”可知,如果在截止日期后一周才交文章,你将会得零4分故选项AB芝麻菜Like mostof us,I tryto bemindful of food thatgoes towaste.The arugulawas tomake anice greensalad,rounding outa roastchicken dinner.But Iended upworking late.Then friendscalled witha dinnerinvitation.I stuckthechicken inthe freezer.But asdays passed,the arugulawent bad.Even worse,I hadunthinkingly bought way too much;Icould havemade sixsalads withwhat Ithrew out.In aworld wherenearly800million peoplea yeargo hungry,food wastegoes againstthe moralgrain JasElizabeth Royte writes inthis monthscover story.Its jaw-dropping howmuch perfectlygood foodis thrownaway hehad.(现在分词作状语和省略的宾语从句)[高分句型madeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-country runthat3].(含有结构的强It washis braveheart andstrong faiththat couldmakesomethingunusualhappenfinally.It was...that调句型)一from ugly”but quiteeatable vegetablesrejected bygrocers tolarge amountsof uneatendishes thrownintorestaurant garbagecans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and otherresources used to growit.That makesfood wastean environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste werea country,it wouldbe thethird largestproducer ofgreenhouse gases inthe world.^^If thafshard tounderstand,lefs keepit assimple asthe arugulaat theback ofmy refrigerator.Mike Curtinsees myarugulastory allthe time-but forhim,its morelike12bones ofdonated strawberriesnearing theirlast days.Curtin isCEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recoversfood andturns it into healthy meals.Last yearit有壬炭疵的recovered more than807,500pounds offood bytaking donationsand collectingblemished producethatotherwise would have rotted in fields.And thestrawberries Volunteerswill wash,cut,and freezeor drythem foruse inmeals down the road.Such methodsseem obviousyet sooften wejust dontthink.Everyone canplay apart inreducing waste,whetherby not purchasing morefood thannecessary in your weeklyshopping orby askingrestaurants tonot includethe sidedishyou wont eat J Curtin says.A.We paylittle attentionto foodwaste.B.We wastefood unintentionallyat times.
4.What doesthe authorwant toshow bytelling the arugula storyC.We wastemore vegetablesthan meat.D.We havegood reasonsfor wastingfoodA.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.
6.What doesCurtins companydoA.It produceskitchen equipment.
8.It turnsrotten arugulainto cleanfuel.C.It helpslocal farmersgrow fruits.D.It makesmeals outof unwantedfood.
7.What doesCurtin suggestpeople doA.Buy onlywhat isneeded.
8.Reduce foodconsumption.C Goshopping onceaweek.D.Eat inrestaurants lessoften.
5.What isa consequenceoffoodwaste accordingto thetest【答案】
4.B
5.B
6.D
7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿中央厨房的首席执行DC官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力【题详解】4推理判断题根据第一段中的.(像我们大多数人一“Like mostof us,I trytobemindful offood thatgoes towaste样,我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But asdays passed,thearugulawent bad.Even worse,I hadunthinkingly(但随着时间的推移,芝麻菜变坏了更糟boughtwaytoomuch;could havemade sixsalads withwhat Ithrew out.糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多东西;我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知,作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物故选Bo【题详解】5细节理解题根据第三段u Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,and other,resources usedto growit.That makesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.In fact,Roytewrites,“if foodwaste werea country,it wouldbe the(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其third largestproducer ofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”他资源这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题事实上,罗伊特写道,“如果食物浪费是一个国家,它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国“)”可知,根据文中的说法,浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害故选B【题详解】6细节理解题根据倒数第二段中的Curtin isCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,which recoversfood andturnsitintohealthymeals.Last yearit recoveredmorethan807,500pounds offood bytaking donationsand collecting(有王战疵的)blemished produce,that otherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.And thestrawberries Volunteerswill wash,(科廷是华盛顿中央厨房的首席执行官,该公司把cut,and freezeor drythem foruse inmealsdowntheroad.DC食物复原,变成健康的食物去年,该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,收回了超过磅的食807500物,否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂草莓呢?志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们,以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知,科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物故选D【题详解】7细节理解题根据最后一段中的“Everyone canplay apart inreducing waste,whether bynotpurchasingmore foodthannecessary inyour weeklyshopping orby askingrestaurants tonot includethesidedish youwonteatJCurtinsays.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用,无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物,还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜,科廷说)”可知,科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物故选AoC(居民)The elderlyresidents incare homesin Londonare beinggiven hensto lookafter tostop themfeeling lonely.(慈善组织)The projectwas dreamedup bya localcharity toreduce loneliness and improve elderly peopleswellbeing,It isalso beingusedtohelp patientssuffering dementia,a seriousillness of the mind.Staff incare homeshavereported areduction inthe use of medicinewhere hensare inuse.Among thosetaking part inthe project is80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:I usedtokeephens whenI wasyoungerand hadto preparetheir breakfasteach morningbefore Iwent toschool.”“I likethe projectalot.I amdown therein mywheelchair inthe morningletting thehens outand downthere again atnight tosee theyvegone tobed.^^“Its goodto havea differentfbcus.People havebeen bringingtheir childrenin tosee thehens and residents come andsit outsideto watchthem.Tm enjoyingthe creativeactivities,and itfeels greatto havedone something useful.There arenow700elderly peoplelooking afterhens in20care homesintheNorth East,and thecharity hasbeengiven financialsupport toroll itout countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra caremanager at60Penfold Street,one ofthe firstto embarkonthe project,said:Residentsreally welcome the idea ofthe project and the creative sessions.We arelooking forwardto thebenefits andfun the projectcan bring to people here.^^Lynn Lewis,director ofNotting HillPathways,said:We arehappy tobe takingpart intheproject.It willreally help connect our residents through ashared interestand creativeactivities.
8.A.To ensureharmony incare homes.B.To providepart-time jobsfor theaged.What isthe purposeoftheprojectC.To raisemoney formedical research.D.To promotethe elderlypeoples welfare.
9.A.She haslearned newlife skills.B.She hasgained asenseofachievement.C.She hasrecovered hermemory.D.She hasdeveloped astrong personality.How hastheprojectaffected RuthXavier
10.What dothe underlinedwords embarkorT meanin paragraph7A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.
11.What canwe learnabout theproject fromthe lasttwo paragraphsA.It iswell received.B.It needstobemore creative.C.It ishighly profitable.D.It takesages tosee theresults.【答案】
8.D
9.B
10.C
11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文主要讲述了旨在减少孤独,改善老年人的健康状况的项目O【题详解】推理判断题根据文章第二段(慈善组织)8“The projectwas dreamedup bya localcharity toreduce(该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想,旨在减少孤独,改善老年人lonelinessandimproveelderlypeopled wellbeing的健康状况)”可知,这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸福故选D【题详解】9推理判断题根据文章第五段“Its goodto havea differentfocus.People havebeen bringingtheir childrenin tosee thehensandresidentscomeandsit outsideto watchthem.Tm enjoyingthe creativeactivities,and itfeels greatto havedone(有不同的关注点很好人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡,居民们也来外面坐着看它们我somethinguseful.喜欢创造性的活动,做一些有用的事情的感觉很好)”可推知,通过该项目获得了一种成就感故RuthXavier选B【题详解】10词义猜测题根据文章倒数第二段u Residentsreally welcomethe ideaoftheproject andthe creativesessions.We are(居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会looking forwardto thebenefits andfun theproject canbring topeople here.议我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“(第一批人之一)”neofthe first可知是着手这项工程的人之一,划线处的含义与项(开始)”含义相近故选Wendy WilsonC“Begin C【题详解】11推理判断题根据文章倒数第二段uResidents reallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.We are.(居民们非常欢迎该项目想法和创意会looking forwardto thebenefits andfun theproject canbringtopeoplehere议我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段Lynn Lewis,director ofNotting HillPathways,said:“We arehappy tobe takingpartintheproject.It willreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthrougha sharedinterestand creativeactivities.”(“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩・刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这个项目它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来)”可知,该项目的反响很好故选ADHuman speechcontains morethan2,000different sounds,fromthecommon“m anda to the rareclicks ofsomesouthern Africanlanguages.But whyare certainsounds more common thanothers Aground-breaking,five-year studyshowsthat diet-related changesin humanbite ledto newspeech soundsthat arenow found in halfthe worldslanguages.More than30years ago,the scholarCharles Hockettnoted thatspeech soundscalled labiodentals,such asf andv”,were morecommon inthe languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now ateam ofresearchers led by Damian Blasi attheUniversity ofZurich,Switzerland,has foundhow andwhy thistrend arose.(对齐),They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults werealigned making it hardto produce labiodentals,which areformed bytouching thelower lipto theupper teeth.Later,our jaws changed to an(结构),overbite structuremaking iteasier toproduce suchsounds.The teamshowed thatthis change in bitewas connectedwith thedevelopment ofagriculture inthe Neolithicperiod.Food becameeasier tochew atthis point.The jawbonedidnt haveto doas muchwork andso didntgrow tobe solarge.Analyses ofa languagedatabase alsoconfirmed thatthere wasa globalchange inthe soundof world languages aftertheNeolithic age,withtheuse ofand V7increasing remarkablyduring thelast fewthousand years.These soundsare stillnot foundinthe languages of many hunter-gatherer peopletoday.This researchoverturns thepopular viewthat allhuman speech sounds werepresent whenhuman beingsevolvedaround300,000years ago.The setof speech sounds weuse hasnot necessarilyremained stablesince theappearance ofhumanbeings,but ratherthe hugevariety of speech soundsthat wefind todayistheproduct ofa complexinteiplay ofthingslike biologicalchange andcultural evolution/said Steven Moran,a memberofthe research team.
12.Which aspectofthehuman speechsound doesDamian Blasisresearch fbcusonA.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its development.
13.Why wasit difficultfor ancienthuman adultstoproduce labiodentalsA.They hadfewer upper teeth thanlower teeth.B.They couldnot openand closetheir lipseasily.C.Their jawswere notconveniently structured.D Theirlower frontteeth werenot largeenough.
14.What isparagraph5mainly aboutA.Supporting evidencefor the research results.B.Potential applicationoftheresearch findings.C.A furtherexplanation oftheresearchmethods.D.A reasonabledoubt abouttheresearchprocess.
15.What doesSteven Moransay aboutthe setof humanspeech soundsA.It iskey toeffective communication.B.It contributesmuch tocultural diversity.C.It isa complexand dynamicsystem.D.It drivesthe evolutionof humanbeings.【答案】
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.C【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音【题详解】12细节理解题根据文章第一段中的More than30years ago,the scholarCharles Hockettnoted thatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,such asand weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Now ateam ofresearchers(多年前,学ledbyDamian BlasiattheUniversity ofZurich,Switzerland,has foundhow andwhy thistrend arose.30者注意到,被称为唇齿音的语音,如和,在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见现在,瑞士苏Charles Hockett“v”黎世大学的领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因)”可知的研Damian BlasiDamianBlasi究重点是在语言的演变上故选项D【题详解】13细节理角窣题根据第三段中的o Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned,making ithard toproducelabiodentals,which areformed bytouching thelower liptotheupperteeth.Later,our(他彳门发现,古人类的上门牙和下jawschangedtoanoverbite structure,makingiteasier toproduce suchsounds.门牙是对齐的,因此很难产生唇齿音,唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的后来,我们的下颗变成了覆盖咬合结构,更容易发出这样的声音)”可知,因为古代成年人的下领结构使他们很难发出唇齿音故选项C【题详解】14主旨大意题根据第五段中的“Analyses ofa languagedatabase alsoconfirmed thatthere wasa globalchangeinthesound ofworldlanguagesafter theso Neolithicage,withtheuseoff andincreasing remarkablyduringthelast fewthousandyears.These soundsare stillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer peopletoday.(对语言数据库的分析也证实,在新石器时代之后,世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化,在过去儿千年里,“产和的使用显著增加这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现)”可知,第五段主要是“V”通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果故选项A【题详解】15推理判断题根据文章最后一段中“The setofspeechsounds weuse hasnot necessarilyremained stablesince theappearanceof humanbeings,but ratherthe hugevariety ofspeechsoundsthat wefind todayistheproduct ofa complexinterplayof thingslike biologicalchange andcultural evolutionJ saidSteven Moran,a memberofthe(研究小组成员说:“自从人类出现以来,我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定,我们今research team.Steven Moran天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物)“可知,认为语音是一个StevenMoran复杂的动态系统故选项C第二节(共5小题每小题
2.5分,满分
12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitledFiveReasonstoThankYourWorkout Partner.One reasonwas:Youll actuallyshow upifyouknow someoneis waitingforyouatthegym,“while anotherread:“]6With a(彳微妙)workoutpartner,you willincrease yourtraining effortas thereisasubtle competition.So,how doyou finda workoutpartnerFirst ofall,decide whatyouwantfrom thatperson.17Or doyou justwant tobe physicallyfit,able tomove withstrengthandflexibilityThink aboutthe exercisesyou wouldlike todo withyour workoutpartner.You mightthink aboutposting whatyouarelooking foron socialmedia,but itprobablywontresultina usefulresponse.18If youplan onworking outinagym,thatpersonmust belongtothesame gym.My partnerposted herrequest onthe noticeboard ofa localpark.Her noticeincluded whatkind oftraining shewantedtodo,how manydays aweek andhow manyhours shewantedtospend oneach session,and herage.It alsolistedher favoritesportsandactivities,and providedher phonenumber.19You andyour partnerwill probablyhave differentskills.20Over time,both ofyou willbenefit—your partnerwill(核心)be abletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.The coreof yourrelationship isthat youwillalways bethere tohelp eachother.A.Your firstmeeting maybealittle awkward.B.A workoutpartner usuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.Youll workharder ifyou trainwith someoneelse.D.Do youwant tobeabetter athleteinyourfavorite sportE.How canyou writea goodseeking training partner^^noticeF.Just acceptyour differencesand learnto workwith eachother.G.Any noticefor atrainingpartnershould includesuch information.【答案】
16.C
17.D
18.B
19.G
20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。