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牛津初中英语语法汇总
1.名词
2.代词
3.数词
4.介词和介词短语
5.连词
6.形容词〔比拟级、最高级)
7.副词(比拟级、最高级)
8.冠词
9.动词情态动词)
10.时态现在进展时一般现在一般过去时一般将来时过去进展时去将来时过去完成时现在完成时
11.被动语态
12.非谓语动词动词不定式
13.主从复合句宾语从句状语从句if,unless,although,so that定语从句who,that,which)
14.直接引语及间接引语牛津初中英语语法归纳7A Unit1一般现在时is/am/are,do/does的肯定、否认和疑问形式例My hairis long.Cats eatfish.He goesto schoolon footevery day.7A Unit
21.人称代词主格I,you,he,she,it,we,they.在句中作主语例We/I/You/Theyhave lunchat school.He/She/Itlooks atme.
2.人称代词----------------宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,them在句中作宾语彳列The teacheroften helpsus/me/him/her/them.felt feltfight foughtfought findfound foundfly flew f1ownforget forgotforgotten forgiveforgave forgivenget gotg otgive gavegiven gowent gonegrowgrew grownhas,have hadhad hearheard heardhide hidhidden hit hithithold heldheldhurt hurthurt keepkept kept know knew knownlaylaid laidlearnlearned/learnt learned/learnt leaveleft leftlend lentlent let letletlie laylainlose lostlost makemade mademay might-mean meantmeant meetmetmet paypaid paidput putput read readreadrid erode riddenring rangrung riseroserisen runran runsay saidsaid seesawseen sellsold soldsend sentsent set setsetsha keshook shakenshall should-shineshone shoneshootshot shotshowshowed shownshut shutshut singsang sungsitsat satsleepslept sleptsmellsmelt smeltspeak spokespokenspell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt spendspent spentstand stoodstood stealstole stolenstick stuckstuck swimswamswum taketook takenteach taughttaught teartoretorn telltold toldthinkthought thoughtthrow threwthrownunderstand understoodunderstood wakewoke wokenwear worewornwill would-win wonwon writewrote written时间介词at,on,in疑问词what,which,who,whose,when,where,why,how some,any的用法7A Unit4频率副词never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always Therebe构造表示“某个地方客观存在〃7A Unit5现在进展时is/am/are+doing表示正在进展的动作.7A Unit6顺序副词:first,then,next,afterwards,finally.can,may表示“允许、可以“方位介词:in frontof,between,next to,between,opposite,on基数词:one,two,three,four…序数词first,second,third,fourth,,.7B Unit1how much,how“多少〃,前者跟不可数名词,后者跟可数名词的复数名词所有格Millies home,The twostudentshomes....形容词性物主代词my,your,his her,our,their,its词性物主代词mine,yours,his,her,ours,theirs,its”
4.定冠词the的用法独一无二7B Unit2的,前文已提到过的动作介词across,along,through,over,to,up,down,round,from一般将来时will+动词原形,shall+动词原形〔但只能用于we/I第一人7B Unit3称)is/am/are goingto+动词原形7B Unit4一般过去时的肯定、否认和疑问形式be动词的过去式was/were do〔实义动词)的过去式分规那么和不规那么两类7B Unit5用can/could表示“能力〃”会〃I canspeak English.I couldswim whenI wasyoung.用can/could表示“可能〃”可能性〃I amfree.I canhelp you.At thattime,anything couldhappen.感慨句What agood girl!What badweather!How niceit is!7B Unit6祈使句的肯定形式和否认形式Walk thedog at7:
00.(Please)don,t chasethe cat.情态动词should,ought tomust的用法should(应该)/shouldn,t(不应该),ought to(应该)/ought not to[不应该),must(必须)/mustn,t(不可以,不允许)8A Unit
11.描述性形容词,如short,long,round,interesting,funny,slim,important,beautiful等
2.形容词的比拟级和最高级©规那么的bigger/the biggestmore important/the mostimportant
②不规那么的worse/the worst表示“比拟〃的句式as+形容词+as----------------------------------------------和一样not as/so+形容词+as8A Unit2比拟两者间的数量用以下句式more.than,fewer.than.,less„than例I havemore/fewer applesthan you.(后跟复数名词)I havemore/less freetime thanhe/him.(后跟不可数名词)
2.比拟两者以上间的数量用the most,the fewest,the least.彳列Amy scoredthe most/fewe stpoints ofall.Daniel hasthe leastmoney ofthe three..
3.用likealike来比拟例My skirtis/looks likehers.=My skirtand hersare alike.
4.用词组the sameasbe differentfrom来比拟8A Unit
31.and,but,or(或者)的用法
2.动词+to do这些动词有plan,agree,want,decide,choose,hope,learn,prepare等
3.反身代词myself,yourself,yourselves,ourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselv es8A Unit4由if引导的条件状语从句
1.用来描述可能出现的情况,主句时态用将来时,如If itdoesnt raintomorrow,we willgo tothe park..
2.用来描述反复的、可预见的情况,主句时态用一般时如If tigersare hungry,they attackpeople.8A Unit
51.用一般现在时表示将来如The trainleaves at9:
00.
2.用现在进展时表示“将来”,如We areleaving forShanghai thisevening.
3.方式副词:quietly,gently,easily,well,,往往由形容词+ly变成副词,如quiet quietly,easy一easily,possible possibly少数副词和形容fast,early,long goodwell,near—nearly,hard hardly8A Unit
61.表示原因的连词because,as,since.(这些词放在原因从句之前,主句不能再用so.
2.表建议的tell/ask/order/advise warnsb.not to do sth.8B Unit1现在完成时构造have/has+PP表示动作发生在过去但对现在仍有影响O肯定、否认和疑问形式常用的一些时间状语,如already,ever,for,since,just,never,yet等:for+一段时间,since+过去的一点时间/用过去式的从句,相对应的主句动词要leave be away,die bedead,borrow keep,buyhave,come------be here,join bein/beamember of如He hasleft already.:He hasbeen awayfor twohours.8B Unit21过去进展时was were+doing表示过去某个时刻正在进展的
2.肯.定、否认和疑问形式.
3.while和when在过去进展时中的用法进展时+while+进展过去式,while+进展时=when+过去式,进展时例I wasdoing myhomework whilemy fatherwas watchingTV..The bell rang whilehe wasreading books.When thebellrang,he wasreading books.(以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)8B Unit3被动语态构造be+PP时态变化都只改变be的各种形式肯定、否认和疑问形式不是所有的动词都有被动形式,如感觉动词feel,smell,look,taste,sound和happen,takeplace等主动形式表被动意义,如This shirtsells well.(详细见课件复习)8B Unit4because,because of,so的用法because+从句,because of+短语(but:what yousaid),两者后都跟原因so后跟结果的从句同一句子中,不能同时出现because/because of和so.
2.hopewish的用法hope所希望的是有可能实现的,但wish所希望的是现在不可能实现的如I hopeyoucan cometo myparty.I wishI werethe President.hope to do sth.,主语hope其他人做某事,要跟从句wish可用来向某人祝福,如I wishyou ahappy newyear!8B Unit5宾语从句(陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)used tobe used to的用法used to do意思为过去常常,过去曾如He used to bea teacher.He usedto getup early.be usedto doing/sth.意思为习惯于做某事,如He isusedtothe badweather.He isusedtogetting upe arly.8B Unit6三个句型构造Its+形容词+that从句,如It isnecessary thatwe helpthe elderly.Its+形容词+to do sth.,如It suseful tolearn Englishwell.It,s+形容词+for sbnot.todosth.,如It snecessary forus toprotect theenvironment.9A Unit
11.句式It is+形容词〔性格〕+of sb.+nottodosth.如Its kindof youto helpme.
2.句式主语+be+形容词+enough+todosth.如They arepatient enoughto waitfor mefor2hours.
3.句子的不同成分主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语9A Unit2固定构造would rather»than»宁愿也不愿如On sucha rainyday,I wouldratherstay athome thango out.固定构造prefer”to,,宁愿不愿,比起更喜欢如I preferred toblue.On sucha rainyday,I preferstaying athome togoing out.不定代词someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,no one/nobodysomething,anything,nothing,none作主语时为单数,形容词后置9A Unit
31.疑问词+todo如I don tknowhow todo it./what todo.We haventdecided whento havethe meeting.
2.句子种类陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感慨句
3.宾语补足语如We findhim agood boy/good.
4.5种句子构造主语+谓语Millie isreading.主语+谓语+宾语Millie isreading abook.主语+谓语+表语Millie ishere.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语We gavehim abook.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补We callhim Tom.9A Unit
41.介词短语between».and,,.,from„.to,,
2.连词・before,after,until/not,,until
3.连词whileasWhile+进展时,进展时while/as+进展时,非进展时(短暂性动词)As+非进展时(短暂性动词),非进展时〔短暂性动词)9A Unit
51.过去完成时had+PP(过去分词)
2.用should,ought to,had better,have to,must表示建议否认形式ought notto hadbetter not,donthave to/neednt
3.用why not,why dont you,perhaps来表示建议,要放在句首9A Unit61易混淆的单词bring/take,hear/listen,see/look/watch,come/go
2.有时态变化的间接引语时间状语的变化[P103疑问句变为间接引语时,要注意疑问语序要变为陈述语序、句尾标点符号9B Unit
12.用can/could,may/might来表示允许四单词正式语气递增
2.that引导的宾语从句
3.If/whether引导的宾语从句9B Unit
21.由疑问词引导的宾语从句
2.i norder todoas aresult
3.need todo,need有时态变化,否认形式要用助动词do.does,did牛津初中英语不规那么动词汇总现在式(动词原形)过去式过去分词am,is wasbeen arewere beenbecome becamebecome beginbegan begunbreak brokebrokenbring broughtbrought buildbuilt builtburn burned/burnt burned/burnt buybought boughtcancould-catch caughtcaught choosechose chosencome came comecost costcostcut cutcutdig dugdugdo,does diddone drawdrew drawndream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt drinkdrank drunkdrive drovedriven eatate eatenfall fellfallen feel。