实例讲解初中英语完形填空解题技巧实例导学案

完型填空基础巩与能力训练、完形填空题的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查考生的阅读能力、逻辑推理及分析归纳、综合判断能力的典型题文中平均每隔个词左右设一空人名、地名、日期等不在设空之列隔词数越少，题目越难；反之亦然25文体多以记叙文为主，首句通常不设空考查内容集中在对名词、动词、代词、形容词和副词等实词的理解上完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否通过推理判断、综合分析等全面理解文章的正确意思，然后把答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力

二、完形填空题的设置方法句子层次的设空（从词汇、惯用法，语法规则的实际应用方面进行设计）

1.指那些只需读懂“空格”所在句子便可选出答案的题目，包括词义识别，同义词辨析，英语惯用法，语法规则的实际应用例（养成...的习惯）1When youtake yourclothes off,remember to86,Get into the habitof takingglasses andplatesdown to the kitchen.Before longyoull bedoing itwithout thinking.

86.A.hang themup B.leave themalone C.put themon D.throw themaway例2Only MothersLove istrue love.She givesyou everythingall herlife.When youare ababy,mother looksafter you

16.In yourwaking hoursshe alwaysholds youin herarms.When youherwork rightaway tolook afteryou.When youare growingup,she feels句群层次的设空从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力

2.are ill,she

1718.指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目这种题目相对较难，但

16.A.careful B.carefully C.good D.badly

17.A.does B.goes onC.stops D.likes

18.A.sad B.silly C.upset D.happy只要你能根据上下文的内容进行考虑，一定能选出正确的答案

①前制性设空即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目例1It wasan Englishspeech contest.My motherasked meto takepart init.What aterrible idea!It meantI hadto in front ofall theteachers andstudents ofmy school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance例2Sometimes you may notunderstand your parents.One minute theyre friendly,the nextminutethey9re shoutingand尖叫screaming loudlyenough forthe wholestreet tohear.So whomakes themso

85.You,probably!舒适的

85.A.friendly B.lonely C.changeable D.comfortable

②后制性设空指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目，即在下文某处有提示例1Nobody himin thevillage.One dayhe saidto them,“I knowyou don9t likeme.・・”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew例2Country musiccomes fromkinds ofmusic.One is the traditionalmusic oftall mountainpeoplein theeastern United States.The otheris traditionalcowboy musicfrom theAmerican West.A.many B.all C.two D.three意识至Even thoughyoumay not realizell it,your parentshave boughtyou manyclothes.But theyre not buyingthemselvesnew thingsevery week,are theyThe simpletruth isthat there are morethings tospend moneyon,like the（电）electricity billand food.语篇性设空（从语篇角度综合测A.interesting B.difficult C.important D.surprising

3.试考生的阅读理解能力）指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空这种题目难度较高，需要我们在全面理解文章的正确意思下才能做出正确的选择，这种题目主要用于拉开优秀生与其他学生的分数，但题目不会太多例Sometimes youmaynotunderstand yourparents....You mightnot want to eat,but thinkof itfrom theparents pointofview.If youcook twomeals aday,it means730meals ayear.Can youimagine howboring thiscan getImagine howyourparents feelwhen yousay yourenot reallyhungry.90,yourparentsare probablyworried thatyou arenteating enough.（）

90.A.In additionB.In returnC.At mostD.At last

三、完形填空解题步骤与要领第一步细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意细读首句明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容rV跳过空格，快速通读，领会大意，把握中心生词的处理；跳过、判断词性、了解大意、猜测L第二步上下联系，逐句阅读，先易后难，初定答案「答案要求语法正确，搭配无误，结构完整，意思通顺，前后一致，逻辑得当怎样分析「从空格所在的句子单独考虑A.从空格所在的前后句考虑4B.2-3从整个段落、整篇短文考虑J LC.思路一分析句子结构，从语法和句型结构考虑5思路二理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑思路三把握整体意思，寻找答题线索，从上下文考虑思路四结合前后语境，进行逻辑推理，从日常生活常识考虑I第三步复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心▲怎样验证答案「

①所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确

②具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺

③语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等一

④在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读

四、具体的解题方法与技巧在解题时，除了运用“前制性设空”、“后制性设空”和“语篇性设空”的知识进行解题外，还有下面三种方法与技巧可供参考（）语意第一，语法第二原则根据文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索，分析并列句的因果关系，1可以选出正确答案根!）1:A youngfather wasvisiting anold neighbor.They werestanding in the old mans gardenand talkingabout.A.trees B.flowers C.children D.old people【点拨】[A youngfather wasvisiting anold neighbor.They werestanding in the oldmans garden,and talkingabout.Theyoung man said,*How strictshould parentsbe with their children]例2Little Tomwondered whatwould happento theeggs.Two weekslater,little Tomfound somechicks out of theshells（蛋壳）.A.walked B.ran C.jumped D.struggled例3:It tookCharlie Muiseveral monthsto saveup sevendollars.He wanted to amodel planeand wenttothe shopwith themoney上A.sell B.buy C.hold Dring（）语法正确，注意细节的原则2在语意正确的前题下，还要根据学过的语法知识，词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面选择正确答案如:例1:One nightthe dogbegan to bark suddenly.It madeMr Erens

①to sleep.He hadto getup andtriedhis一

②to stopit,but thebeast wouldntstop,and kepton______

③①A.go notB.not goC.not to go一

②A.well B.good C.better D.to notgo

③A.bark B.tobarkC.barking D.best D.例2:Mr Evansis anoldmanof aboutsixty,His wifedied a few yearsago.His childrenhim bythen.A.left B.would leave C.have leftD.had left（）从语法方面，根据所给答案的不同词类，从不同角度分别考虑选择3名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致a.动词的选择，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式考虑动词的时态、b.语态和是否是要填入非谓语动词介词的选择，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配c.代词的选择，要注意性（男或女）、数（单复数）、格（主格、宾格、形代、名代）是否准确d.连词的选择，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系e.形容词和副词的选择，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意比较级和最高级等f.例如（酒吧）A manand hiswife hada small bar neara station.They oftenworked lateinto thenight,people cameto drinkthere whilethey were

②.trains.At twoo*clock onemorning,one man wasseveral times,and eachtime the manwas there,Then atlast shewent toher husbandand saidto

⑥him,You

⑤that mansix times,George,he isn*t drinkinganything*

①A.as soon as B.because C.so D.though

②A.catching upwith B.getting onC.looking afterD.waiting for

③A.at B.for C.into D.out of

④A.always B.often C.still D.already

⑤A.have wokenB.wake C.had wokenD.will wake

⑥A.and B.but C.yet D.toostill ata tablein thesmallbar.He wasasleep.The barmans wifewanted toleave.She looked_

③the bar

五、【实例讲解】[彳列（花盆）1]Last yearI boughtsome flower pots.I didnt41them atonce.One day,I wentto ashop_42some flower（种子）.（土壤）seeds ThenI putthem into a potwith soiland wateredthem.For afew days,43happened.I wentonwatching.On the44day,Ifinally sawthe seedsdevelop andfelt so

45.Our lifeis sometimeslike an46flowerpotwith nothing inside.Our daysare filledwithlots ofdifferent things.We usuallydont dothem47we thinkthey9renotvery important.But48we findthat someiniporlanl thingsare gone.Those thingswe losein lifeare seeds ofhope,love anddreams.Planting funin heartsis justlike_49flowers.The seedsof funin heartswill developastheseedsofflowers.So if I plant（年昆明市学业水平考试）_50—of hope,I canexpect somethingwonderful.2012（）

41.A.make B.use C.buy（）

42.A.for B.by C.without（）

43.A.everything B.something C.nothing

44.A.tenth B.ten C.twelve

45.A.worried B.happy C.tired

46.A.big B.colorful C.empty

47.A.so B.that C.because

48.A.when B.after C.later

49.A.keeping B.growing C.watering

50.A.seeds B.soil C.pots[彳列2]Different thingsusually standfor differentfeelings.Red,for example,isthe color offire,heat,blood andlife.使发生联系People sayred is an excitingand activecolor.They associatered witha strongfeeling like1,Red isused forsignsof2,such asSTOP signsand fireengines.Orange isthe bright,warm color of3in autumn.People sayorange is a4color.They associateorange with happiness.Yellow isthecolorof

5.People sayit is a cheerfulcolor.They associateyellow too,withhappiness.Green isthe coolcolorofgrass in6,Peoplesay it is arefreshing color.In general,people7two groupsof colors:warm colorsand coolcolors.The warm colors arered,orange and

8.Where there are warmcolor anda lotof light,people usuallywant tobe9,Those wholike tobe with10likered.The coolcolors are11and blue.Where arethese colors,people areusually worried.Some scientistssay thattime seemsto12more slowlyin aroomwith warmcolors.They suggestthat awarmcolorisagood13are havinga fora livingroom ora14,People whocolorsrest orare eatingdo notwant time to pass quickly.15people workingthere arebetter fbrsome officesif thewanttime topassquickly.

1.A.sadness B.anger C.administration D.smile

2.A.roads B.ways C.danger D.places

3.A.land B.leaves C.grass D.mountains

4.A.lively B.dark C.noisy D.frightening

5.A.moonlight B.light C.sunlight D.stars

6.A.summer B.spring C.autumn D.winter

7.A.speak B.say C.talk aboutD.tell

8.A.green B.yellow C.white D.gray

9.A.calm B.sleepy C.active D.helpful

10.A.the otherB.another C.other oneD.others

11.A.black B.green C.golden D.yellow

12.A.go roundB.go byC.go offD.go along

13.A.one B.way C.fact D.matter

14.A.factory B.classroom C.restaurant D.hospital

15.A.Different B.Cool C.Warm D.All完形填空专题练习练习题

（1）When I was fifteenI wenttoasummer camp.There werelots ofgreat90but therewas onething I was really（害怕）scared about:climbing the wall.The wallisakind ofrock thatpeople useto learnhow toclimb.It isvery tall.We wereall supposedto climbthewall,but Iknew I couldnt gettothe top becauseI am91heights.I wasashamed and I didntwant anyoneto knowthatI wasscared.I thoughtthey wouldall laughat me.I practicedmy excuse:Im notscared,you know,I sufferfrom vertigo（患目玄晕症）The daycame.It wastimetoclimb thewall.The sunwas shiningbut everyonewas veryquiet thatmorning.Itook photographsat thebottom of thewalland triedto92,Everyone in the groupwent up.Then themoment came.It wasmyturn.I wasso scaredthat allIcouldthink aboutwas myexcuse.Someone said,“Shall Itake yourcamera”andI（吓answeredJTm notscared,you know.I sufferfrom vertigo”.The93was thatI wasmore thanscared,I wasterrified坏了）・The campleadersaid「Dont worry,you donthave todo anythingyou dontwant todo・Iwassurprised.Everyone wasunderstanding.No one

94.The nextday,the leaderasked meifIwantedtotry thewall onmy own,95theothers watching.Although Iwas stillvery nervousI agreedand climbedslowly tothetopwith hishelp.Iwasstill shaking（上when Icame96,but Iwas reallyhappy andrelieved too.For me,climbing thewall wasa realachievement.2008）

90.A.activities B.operations C.accidents D.exams）B.good atC.afraid of D.fond of

91.A.poor atB.hide C.appear D.run）

92.A.goB.situation C.story D.reason）

93.A.truthB.cheered C.smiled D.laughed）

94.A.jumpedB.without C.among D.behind）

95.A.withB.out C.up D.down）

96.A.in海中考试卷完形填空）练习题

（2）Every daycars killor hurtmany peopleon roads.Sometimes thedrivers drivetoo fastor donot,drive carefullyenough.Some of them85the trafficrules andcause accidents.行人）According tosome researches,itis usually thewho causethe accidents.A lotofroad usersare verycareless.They walkor runacross theroads86the cars.They walkin theroads butnot onthe walkways.They getinto oroutofcars in the middleoftheroad.Some donot takethe troubleto87the greenlights andsimply crosstheroads againstthe redlights.Many peoplethink accidentsoften happenin busyroads inlarge cities,but thisis notalways true.88,Tokyo isone oftheworlds largestcities andprobably one ofthebusiest cities;however,thereare89accidents topedestrians.The reasonis thatthepolice thereare verystrict andthe pedestriansare verycareful.Pedestrians nevercross againsta redlight and they90followtraffic rules.（酒精）Do youknow alcoholis anothermain cause of trafficaccidents Itdelays peoplesresponse.Those whohave（反应）.drunk alcoholare91in makingdecisions.They needafewmore secondsto reactAlcohol drinkingis especiallydangerousfor motorcar drivers.It isnot onlydrivers whomay haveaccidents afterdrinking.Drunken pedestriansmay put（上海中考试卷完形填空）their livesin dangeras well.2010）

85.A.make B.break C.follow D.remember）

86.A.at theend ofB.in thecentre of C.on topofD.infrontofC.wait forD.point out）

87.A.turn onB.worry about

88.A.In additionB.For exampleC.By theway D.On the other hand

89.A.few B.many C.enough D.some

90.A.even B.never C.almost D.always

91.A.slow B.active C.interested D.excited练习题3历外汨限制.Cartoon filmshave veryfew Ifyou candraw something,you canmake itJ onthe cinema screen.The use of newideas andmodern computerprograms meansthat cartoonsare becomingexciting againforpeople of2ages.By1970,thecinemaworld haddecided thatcartoons were3for children.But soonafter that,one ortwo filmmakers hadsome newideas.They provedthat it was_4to makefilms inwhich bothgrown-ups andchildren couldenjoy them.However,5cartoon filmwas successful.The BlackCauldron,for example,failed,mainly because itwastoo6forchildren andtoo childishfor grown-ups.Film makerslearnt fromthismistake,and thencartoons werewelcomed byboth companieschildren andgrown-ups and7the film

1.A.arrive B.stay C.stand D.move

2.A.some B.either C.all D.both

3.A.never B.only C.still D.already

4.A.possible B.difficult C.complete D.interesting

5.A.not everyB.none ofthe C.each D.neither ofthe

6.A.interesting B.popular C.relaxing D.frightening

7.A.once B.however C.again D.alsobegan tomake largeamounts ofmoney.练习题4The nameof DanielWilliams hasbeen knowntotheblack peoplein theUnitedStatesfor manyyears.He becamea1inChicago in

1883.After graduating,he taughtat NorthwesternUniversitys medicalschool.He wasasked bythe presidentofthe UnitedStates,Grover Cleveland,togoto Washington,D.C.to headthe FreedmensHospital.It wasone ofthe fewhospitalsfor blacksin thecountry

2.He wentback toChicago tohelp toset upProvident Hospital.it opened,Chicago9s blackdoctors couldnot practiceinhospitals.They hadto treatpatients4,so operationswere performedon bedsand kitchentables.Dr.Williams alsohelped tosetup atraining schoolin Chicagofor blacknurses.In1893he operatedonaman whowas dyingfrom astab woundin theheart.Such awound hadalways5death.But Dr.输血，《修补Williams triedto savetheman.6X-ray orblood transfusionshe openedthe manschest andsewed uphis

1.A.headmaster B.manager C.doctor D.nurse

2.A.at thattime B.in thepast C.a momentago D.just then

3.A.After B.Before C.When D.As soonas

4.A.in theoffice B.in theschool C.in theuniversity D.at home

5.A.shown B.explained C.meant D.described

6.A.According toB.Instead ofC.Because ofD.Without

7.A.died B.lived C.became strongD.got badlyhurt大胆的heart.Everything wenton wellwiththebold operation.The man

7.练习题5Every yearstudents inmany countrieslearn English.Some ofthese students are children,—1—studentsareyoung people.Why doall thesepeople wantto learn_2—It isnot_3—to answerthis question.Manyboys andgirls learn English atschool.It isone of their_4—.Many people learn English becauseitis5—in their work.Some youngpeoplelearnEnglish_6—their higherstudies becausesome oftheir booksare7—English.Other peoplelearnEnglishbecause they wantto8—newspapers inEnglish.Some peoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantto_9inthe生活.USA,England orAustralia.English isvery_10—in ourlife

1.A.all B.theotherC.both D.other

2.A.English B.Chinese C.maths D.Japanese

3.A.hard B.easy C.good D.nice科目

4.A.books B.classes C.schools D.subjects有用的

5.A.good B.useful C.fine D.pleased

6.A.for B.ofC.to D.from

7.A.in B.with C.at D.of

8.A.look B.see C.look atD.read

9.A.go B.work C.like D.come

10.A.help B.helping C.helps D.helpful练习题6Once,a kingshowed twomen alarge basketinthegarden.He toldthem tofill itwith waterfrom awell.After they[theirwork,he leftthem,saying,“When thesun isdown,I willcome andsee yourwork.”At lastoneofthem said,Whats theuseofdoing thisfoolish workWe can_2fill thebasket.3_man answered「That isnone ofyour business.The firstman said.You maydo asyou like,but Iam notgoing towork at4_sofbolish.He5his bucketand wentaway.The othermansaidno word,and kepton carrying

6.At lastthe wellwas almost7As hepoured thelast bucketof waterinto thebasket,he sawa brightthinginit.He pickedit up.It wasa beautifulgold ring.Just thenthe kingcame.8he sawthe ring,he knewthat hehad foundthe kindof manhewanted.He toldhim tokeep thering fbrhimself.You9so wellin

1.A.finished B.did C.began D.had

2.A.ever B.never C.easily D.no

3.A.The otherB.Another C.One D.A second

4.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything

5.A.picked upB.put awayC.took awayD.threw away

6.A.water B.basket C.well D.work

7.A.full B.empty C.filled D.clean

8.A.While B.As soonas C.Before D.Since

9.A.have doneB.will doC.do D.are doing

10.A.what B.why C.when D.thatthis littlething Jhe said,10now Iknow Ican believeyou withmany things.”练习题7Someone says,“Time ismoney.But Ithink timeis]important thanmoney.Why Becausewhen moneyis spent,we canget itback.However,when timeis2itll never

3.Thafs4we mustntwaste time.It goeswithout sayingthat the5isusuallylimited.Even asecond isvery important.We shouldmake fulluseofourtime todo6useful.But itisapity thattherearea lotof peoplewho donot knowthe importanceof time.They spenttheir limitedtimeIn aword,we shouldsave time.We shouldnthave no9today9s workfbr tomorrow.Remember wetimeto

10.smoking,drinking and

7.They donot knowthat wastingtime meanswasting partoftheirown

8.

1.A.much B.less C.much less D.even more

2.A.cost B.bought C.gone D.finished

3.A.return B.carry C.take D.bring

4.A.what B.that C.because D.why

5.A.money B.time C.day D.food

6.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything

7.A.reading B.writing C.playing D.working

8.A.time B.food C.money D.life

9.A.stop B.leaveC.let D.give

10.A.lose B.save C.spend D.take练习题8Tom growsthe nicestvegetables andfruits andthe mostbeautiful flowersinthevillage.Plants growin Tomsgardenall throughthe_1andtheyare much

2.Tom cutssome flowersfor hissitting roomtable,eats somefruits andvegetables,but he3most ofthem inthemarket.His vegetables,fruit andflowers areso4and beautifulthat theysold muchmore5inthemarket thanthose ofothervillagers.

1.A.week B.month C.season D.year

2.A.better B.worse C.lessD.later

3.A.buys B.sells C.borrows D.lends

4.A.dear B.bad c.big D.small

5.A.politely B.quickly C.slowly D.carefully

6.A.angry B.busy C.tired D.lazy

7.A.listens toB.hears C.watches D.speaks

8.A.fills B.plants C.throws D.makes

9.A.does B.moves C.grows D.plays

10.A.work B.rain C.stories D.music参考答案How doesTom growthese beautifulthings Heis so6that hejust sitsunder hisorange treewith hisradio.He7the musicall day.That isquite true.Tom8things inspring,summer,autumn andwinter.After thathe sitswith hisradio.Andeverything

9.It isthe musicthat doesthe work.Tom knowsmore clearlythat musicmakes thebiggest vegetablesand themostbeautiful flowers.Plants love10as muchas people.句群层次的设空

①前制性设空

②后制性设空

2.BC BCC

二、完形填空题的设置方法句子层次的设空

1.语篇性设空:

3.A

三、具体的解题方法与技巧1CDB BDCBDCCAB2四

3、【实例讲解】【例1146-50CDCBA41-45BACAB【例】26-10BCBCD11-15ABBCB1-5BCBAC练习题1完形填空专题练习题2练习练习题3练习题4ACBAD BDBDCBA练习题5DA DCBAADC练习题6CABDC DBBABDB练习题7AADBD CBACD练习题8ABBAD DCADBBCDBADABCBDABCD。