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文本内容:
-・虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生条件状语从句一般过去时虚拟语气中
1.be-were主句用动词原形wouldshould could,might+rIf wehad timenow,we wouldread itagain.If Iwere you,I wouldwork hard.表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生条件状语从句:过去分词;主句
2.had+:wouldshould.过去分词could,might+have+If he had takenmy advice,he would have succeededin thetest.If Ihad knownyour telephonenumber then,I would have calledyou.表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生条件状语从句
①一般过去时
②+动词原
3.should形
③动词原形;主句动词原形were to+wouldshould could,might+fIf it should rain,the cropswould besaved.If itwere tosnow tomorrow,they wouldnot goout.虚拟条件句的特殊情况P.S混合/错综型虚拟语气
1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,称为‘错综条件句’,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.从句说的是过去,主句是If you had followedmy advice,you would be betternow现在从句是现在,主句是过去If Iwere youI would have takenhis advice.f省略的虚拟语气2if如果从句中含有时,则可以把这三个词置于句首,省略.采用倒装语序were/should/had ifIf itshouldhappen,what wouldyou do—Should ithappen,what wouldyoudo一If he had recognized me,he would have come over.Had herecognizedme,hewould havecomeover.含蓄虚拟条件句3有时候假设的情况不以引导的条件从句形式表现出来,而是通过一个介词短语,连词或其他形if式表示常用的词或短语有要是没有,等without,with,but forotherwise,or butfWithoutyour help=If wehad nothad yourhelp,we couldnot havesucceeded.But forelectricity=If therewere noelectricity,there would be nomodernindustry.He feltvery tiredyesterday,or/otherwise he would haveattended theparty.在…句型中的虚拟语气4if itwere had been not for•虚拟语气也常用于句型中,意为‘要不是由于…’‘if itwere/had beennot for.…’If itwere notfor peace,we couldnot beliving ahappy lifetoday.If ithad not been foryour timelyhelp,I would have gonebankrupt.二.虚拟语气用在名词性从句中.主语从句中的虚拟语气1这种虚拟语气主要用在形容词名词,过去分词主语动词原形it is++that++should+(可以省略)这种结构中should常见的这类形容词有advisable,anxious,better,desirable,surprising,natural,necessary,strange,important regretful.常见的这类过去分词有decided,demanded,recommended,requested,desired,required,ordered,suggested.常见的这类名词有duty,pity,no surprise,no wonder,regret,shame.It wassuggested that heshouldjoin theclub activities.It isstrange surprising,disappointing thatshe shouldnot have been invited.It isa pitythat he should refuseto acceptthe offer.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
2.
①后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气意为要是,但愿...就好了,其形式主要有wish三种表示对现在情况的虚拟后接一般过去时的从句Wish表示对过去情况的虚拟后接过去完成时wish/shot!Id,could have done表示对将来情况的虚拟后接动词原形wish would,could+Iwish itwere springall yearround.I wishit would be finetomorrow.She wishedshe hadstayed athome.
②在表示建议,命令,要求等动词后的从句要用+动词原形此类动词有should suggest,要求,advise,propose,demand,require,insistorder,prefer,command,ask,requestThe teacherordered that all thebooks should be handedin ontime.当表示’暗示,说明‘之意;表示’坚持认为,坚持说’之意时,从句P.s.suggest insist不用虚拟,用正常的陈述语气The maninsisted thathehadnever stolenthe money.The smileon hisface suggestedthathewas satisfiedwith life.表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
3.在表示建议,命令,要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用()+Should动词原形常见名词有advice,desire,request,demand,proposal,suggestion,preference,requirement,order.()He gaveorders that the guestsshould behospital entertained.()His proposalis that we shouldget ridof thebad habits.三.虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用.在引导的状语从句中,若从句与事实相反,则要用虚拟语气其形式如下1as if/as though主语主语+一般过去时(从句的动作与主句同时发生)+as if/though+主语主语动词原形(从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发+as if/though++would/could+生)主语主语+过去完成时(从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前)+as if/though+He talksas if he knewall about it.She speaksEnglish well as if hehadstudied inAmerica.He learnsEnglish sohard as ifhe would goabroad..在()…句型中也用虚拟语气,从句常用过去式,有时也用2it ishigh time that should+动词原形,表示早该做而没做的事,含建议的意味It istime that we wenthome..此句型中,注意与+序数词现在完成式的区别P.S‘It/This isthe+time that+This isthe firsttimethat I have been here.后接动词原形,但接从句时要用虚拟语气(宁愿,但愿)
3.would rather+主语+一般过去时(表示与现在或将来相反)Would rather+主语+过去完成时(表示与过去相反)Would ratherrrd ratherhe didnt gonow.z,I drather youhadn tdone it.后接从句也用虚拟语气,其形式与的用法一致
4.if onlywish动词等词用过去完成的形式表示的意思为‘本
5.hope intend,mean,plan,want,thinkf想,本打算,本认为‘He hadmeant tobuy thefurniture lastweek,but it rained.高考虚拟语气专项练习60题
1.If onlyhe quietlyas the doctor instructed,he wouldnot sufferso muchnow.A.lies B.lay C.had lainD.should lie
2.How Iwish everyfamily alarge housewith abeautiful garden.A.has B.had C.will haveD.had had
3.You did not letme drive.If wein turn,you sotiredA.drove;didnt getB.drove;wouldnt getC.were driving;wouldnt getD.had driven;wouldnt havegot
4.1traintomorrow,we would have toput offthe visitto theYangpu BridgeA.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will
5.1suggested theperson tobe putinto prisonA.refers B.referring C.referred D.refer
6.When apencil ispartly ina glassof water,it looksas ifitA.breaks B.has brokenC.were brokenD.had beenbroken
7.1insisted tosee adoctor,but heinsisted nothingwrong withhimA.on himto go;should beB.he went;be C.he go;was D.heshouldto;is
8.---Your auntinvites youto themovies today---1would rathershe metomorrow thantodayA.tells B.told C.would tellD.had told
9.---Would youhave calledher up---Yes,but Ibusy doingmy homeworkA.was B.were C.had been D.would be
10.1was illthat day,otherwise Ithe sportsmeetA.would havetaken part in B.took part inC.had takenpartinD.would takepartin
11.the clouds,you wouldfind theairplane in the skyeasilyA.Had itnotbeen for B.If itwere notC.If ithad notbeenfor D.Were itnotfor
12.If mylawyer herelast Sunday,he mefrom goingA.had been,would haveprevented B.had been,would preventC.were,prevent D.were,would haveprevented
13.hard,hewould have passedthe examA.If hewere to work B.Had heworked C.Should hework D.Were hetowork
14.today,hewouldget thereby FridayA.Were heto leaveB.If hehad leftC.Did heto leaveD.Had heleft
15.Had youlistened to thedoctor,you allright nowA.are B.were C.would be D.would have been
16.1did notsee yoursister at the meeting.If she,she would have metmy brotherA.has come B.did comeC.come D.had come
17.He busyyesterday,or heyou withyour experiment.A.was,had helpedB.was,wouldhavehelpedC.had been,wouldhavehelped D.were,wouldhavehelped
18.Ifitfor the snow,we themountain yesterdayA.were not,could haveclimb B.were not,could climbC.had notbeen,could haveclimbed D.hadnt been,could climb
19.Without electricity,human lifequite difficulttodayA.is B.will be C.wouldhave beenD.would be
20.---1am goingto tellher thenews---1would assoon asyou herabout itA.didnt tellB.dont tellC.hadnt tellD.wont tell
21.Mike9s father,as wellas hismother,insisted hehomeA.stayed B.could stayC.has stayedD.stay
22.It wasrequested that the playagainA.should put on B.would puton C.be puton D.puton
23.She insisted thatadoctor immediatelyA.had sentfor B.send C.be sentforD.was sent
24.—Did youscold himfor hiscarelessness——Yes,but itA.rd rathernot do B.Td rathernot havedoneC.I should91do D.Td betternot do
25.If onlyI mycarA.hadn9t lostB.wouldnt loseC.didnt loseD.havent lost
26.But forwater,it impossibleto liveintheearthA.is B.would beC.were D.wouldnt be
27.1would ratheryou anythingaboutitfor thetime beingA.do B.didnt do C.dont D.didnt
28.The kind-hearted coupletreat theorphan verywellasthough hetheir ownsonA.is B.were C.had beenD.should be
29.How theold peoplewish that they youngonce moreA.were B.could becomeC.had beenD.should be
30.It ishigh timethat wea meetingto discussthis problemA.hold B.held C.have heldD.had held
31.The thiefclosed hiseyes hedyingA.even if,was B.though,would beC.even,had beenD.asif,were
32.1wish thatyou sucha badheadache becauseI amsure thatyou wouldhaveenjoyed theconcertA.had notB.did nothave hadC.hadnt hadD.hadnt have
33.The chairmaninsistedthatwe thequestion againA.will discussB.to discussC.should discussD.will bediscussed
34.He requestedthatthestudents themget incropsA.help B.to helpC.helped D.helping
35.The guardatthegate insistedthat everybodythe rulesA.obeys B.Obey C.will obeyD.would obey
36.1wish Ihere thenA.was B.had beenC.were D.would be
37.It isstrange thathe backso earlyA.came B.will comeC.had comeD.should havecome
38.Mother suggestedthatI my homeworkfirst beforewatching TVA.did B.doC.shall doD.havedone
39.My suggestionis thatthe meetingoff tillnest SundayA.be putB.put C.should putD.had beenput
40.He istalking somuch aboutAmerica asifhethereA.hadbeenB.has beenC.was D.been
41.The teacherdemanded thatthe exambefore elevenA.must finishB.would be finished C.befinishedD.must befinished
41.1did notattend thelecture byPro.Jackson.I but I allthis morningA.would,have washedB.could,have beenwashingC.wouldhave,havebeenwashing D.could have,had washing
44.How Iwish Ito repairthe watch!I onlymade itworseA.had triedB.hadnt triedC.have triedD.didnt try
45.——How couldI thankyou enough——Dont mentionit.Any otherman itA.must doB.could doC.wouldhavedone D.should havedone
46.Key Europeangovernments insistIraqs co-operation goodand militaryactionto allowinspections tocontinueA.be,be delayedB.is,delay C.should be,be delayedD.is,be delayed
47.If thehurricanehad happenedduring theday-time,more deathsA.it wouldhavebeenB.it would beC.there wouldbeD.there wouldhavebeen
48.Whatthe customersfrom thecompany isthatthegoods rightto theirhomes.A.requested,deliver B.demand,be deliveredC.request,should deliverD.demand,delivered
49.If law-breakers thesociety will be indisorderA.made unpunishedB.came unpunishedC.went unpunishedD.not punished
50.We tooka taxitotheairport.Otherwise welateA.wouldbeB.were C.will beD.wouldhavebeen
51.Supposing henever,what wouldhappen thenA.comeB.came C.would comeD.will come
52.What doyou thinkhis proposalthatwea playattheEnglish meetingA.had puton B.should puton C.have puton D.will puton
53.1hope thatyou rightA.willbeB.should beC.were D.wouldbe
54.As youknow,I ama disabledman,butIwouldbehappy ifI ofservice toyouA.am B.havebeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe
55.He insistedthatweearly thenext morningA.start B.started C.would startD.had started
56.1didnotsee yoursister atthe meeting.If she,she wouldhave metmy brotherA.has comeB.did comeC.had comeD.cameA.must havestudied B.might study
58.C.would studyD.wouldhavestudiedIf itthesnow,we theSimian Mountainlast weekA.were not,could haveclimbed C.had B.were not,could climbnotbeen,could haveclimbed
59.If D.had notbeen,could climbonlyImywatch!A.hadn9t lostB.havent lostC.didn9t lostD.dont lose
57.We lastnight,but wewent tothe cinemainstead
60.You sucha seriousmistake ifyouhadfollowed hisadvice.A.may notmake B.might notmakeC.shouldnt havemade D.might nothave madeCBDBCCCBAA DABACDBCDADCCBA BBBABDCCAB BDBAACDCBCDDBDD BBAAACDCAD。