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情态动词定义
①情态动词本身有一定词义,但不能单独作谓语
②只能和动词原形一起构成谓语
③表示说话人的情绪、态度、语气常见情态动词(过去式)只做情态动词(过去式)可作情态动词
①may mightmust
②can couldneed dare又可作实义动词(过去式)可作情态动词,又可助动词
③will wouldshall should
④have toused toought具有情态动词特征to口诀情态动词有词义,不能单独作主语,变否定,后变疑问,前面提,后加动原耍牢记not,He canspeak English.He cantspeak English.Can hespeak Englishcan/could
①,表示具有某种能力(体力/知识/技能)意为“会,能,是的过去式could can.艾丽莎会弹钢琴Eg.Alicia canplay thepiano.我六岁的时候就会游泳I couldswim whenI wassix yearsold
②.表示可能性,意为“可能会”如果温度足够低,水可能会结成冰Eg.Water can be turnedinto iceif itis coldenough.
③.表示请求/许可,常用于一般疑问句,意为“可以”比语气要更加委婉/客气,could can我可以问你一个问题吗?Can/Could Iask youa question
④.表示推测,常用于否定句,二意为“不可能”cannot cant那不可能是迈克,他去南京了Eg.That cantbe Mike.He hasgone toNanjing.canbe able to含义强调自身已备能力强调通过努力获得的能力有三单形式变化人称和数动词原形无变化时态can/could is/are ableto was/we reable towillbe ableto.-有朝一日,人们会到月球去旅行Eg.One day,people willbeableto travelto themoon.may/might
①.表示请求/许可,意为“可以”,相当于但比正式否定回答时常用can/could,can/could No,you cant/No,you mustnt.我可以用你的电话吗?星的,当然可以-May Iuse yourcomputer--Yes,of couse./Sure.--我可以在这儿吸烟吗?■不可以-May Ismoke here-No,you cant/mustnt.
②.表示摇测,用于谈论可能性,常用于肯定句,意为可能,或许表示可能性比较小的推测might你妈妈现在可能很忙Your mommay bevery busynow.她说她今天可能不上班She saidthat shemight notbe atwork today.
③,表示祝愿,多用于祈使句祝你玩的愉快May youhave agood time.must
①.表示说话人的主观意志,意为“必须意为“禁止”由引起的一般疑问句,否定回答用mustnt mustneednt/donthave to.我们必须努力学习英语We muststudy Englishhard.我今天心须完成这项工作吗是的你必须-Must Ifinish thework today--Yes,you must.-No,you neednt/don*t■不,你不必强调客观雪求have to.must have to含义强调主观看法“必须”强调客观需要,“不得不”有三单形式变化人称和数的变化动词原形无变化时态无时态变化have/has/had towill have to否定mustnt禁止/不许dont/doesnt/did haveto wontIvelost myhavetopen,so Ihaveto不必/不须buy anew one.我的钢笔丢了,因此我必须买支新的你没必要把这件事告诉他You donthavetotell himabout it.
②.表示对事物的推测,意为“一定”,只用于肯定句灯亮着,她——定在家The lightis one.She mustbe athome.情态动词表推测肯定句一可能性逐渐减弱must-may-might否定句—carVtneeddare需要敢既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词由引起的一般疑问句肯定回答用否定回答need dareneed must,用neednt
①.作情态动词无三单变化,后+动词原形变否定,后变疑问,前面提+not.你不心如此担心■我雪要立即做吗星的,你必须You needntbe soworried-Need Ido itat once-Yes,you must.--No,you needn
11.■不,没必要你敢一个人回家吗?是的,我敢-Dare yougo homealone--Yes,I dare.-.她甚至不敢看我他们怎么敢干这样的事?She darenteven lookat meHow daredthey dosuch athing
②祚实义动词有三单/时态变化,变否定,前匕+dont/doesnt/didnSb.need to do sth./sth.need doing=need tobe donedareto do sth..我不需要体息.I dontneed tohave arest这辆车雪要被修理This carneeds repairing.=This corneeds tobe repaired..他敢游过这条河He daresto swimacross therivershouldought to
①.表示让步,建议和命令可通用,但在疑问句中常用should/ought toshould你应该立亥!去上课You should/ought togo toclass rightaway.J我应该开窗户吗?Should Iopen thewindow
②.表示“应该”,表示义务或责任,比语气重ought toshould她有麻烦,我应该帮助她I shouldhelp herbecause sheis introuble.你应该照顾这个婴儿You ought to takecare ofthe baby.
③.表示推测(客观推测)(主观推测)should/ought tomust.(断定他已到家)
1.He mustbe home by now(不太肯定)
2.He oughtto/should behomebynow.(直爽)
3.This iswhere theoil mustbe.(含著)
①.表意愿,川现在的意愿过去的意愿w/would我明天会把它带来I willbring ittomorrow,.他问我是否愿同他一起去看电影He askedif Iwould goto thecinema withhim
②.证求意见/提出请求,主要用于第二人称疑向句中(此时不表过去,而表示委婉语气)would请告诉去邮局的路好吗?Will/Would youplease tellme theway tothe postoffice有时与等连用,表示提出建议或邀请would like/love/hate/prefer/be glad/be happy
③.表示习惯和倾向性,表示现在表示过去will/would鱼离开水就不能活Fish willdie outof water.他小时候经常去滑雪When hewas achild,he wouldoften goskiing.
④.表示推测,推测现在推测过去,也可推测现在,语气较委婉will/would would这辆大客车可以坐人This buswill hold40people.40我看这事发生在年That wouldbe in1978,1think.1978
⑤.表示执意或决心,表现在,表过去will would他坚持要一意孤行He willhave hisown way.虽然我叫他不要做,可是他偏要做He woulddo it,though Itold himnotto.
⑥.表示命令、许诺、指示叮嘱等安静点儿!Will yoube quiet!川你会得到你那一份的You whave yourshare.特殊用法would
①用于评论某一特定的行为他就是爱说这种话Thats justwhat he would say.
②表示过去反复发生的动作他时不时来看我Now andthen hewould cometo seeme.
③用于虚拟条件句假如他那时在场,他定会帮助你的If hehad beenthere,hewouldhave helpedyo used todo一■过去常常做某事(现在不做了usedtodosth>.被用于做…be usedtodo>习惯于做…be usedto doing——情态动词表推测之时态口决:现将用动原,过去用完成现在和将来的推测用动词原形,表过去的推测用现在完成时(现在)He maybe athome now.(现在)She cantbe atschool tomorrow.(过去)I must have leftit inthe caryesterday.常考搭配have done一一定做过某事musthavedone>不可能做过事cant havedone—一(虚拟语气)本来能够做却没做could havedone一本来不需要做但是做了/多此一举neednt havedone一本该做而实际上没做should havedone。