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A coursewareforreviewing Englishnounsin themi•Classification ofNouns•The numberof nouns•The caseof a noun•Part ofspeech changesof nouns目•Usage ofNouns录contents01Classificationof NounsPropertyterminationProp nounsProp nouns arenames ofspecific individuals,places,or thingsThey arealwayscapitalized,such asJohn,China,and MountEverest.Propnounsvs.common nounsPropnouns areunique andspecific,while commonnouns can be usedto describe multipleindividuals,places,or thingsCommonnounCommon nounsCommonnouns are used todescribe a group ofindividuals,places,orthings Theyare notcapitalized butthey are the firstword of a presenceor a propertynameExamplecat,flower,bookAbstract nounAbstractnounsAbstract nouns are used todescribeideas,qualities,or conceptsthat cannot be seenortouched Theyare notcapitalized butthey arethe firstword ofa presenceora propertynameExampleHappiness,love,beautySpecific nounsSpecificnouns ExampleSpecificnouns areused todescribe Redcar,Chinese restaurant,a specifictype ofindividual,place,or Frenchhornthing Theyare notcapitalized butVSthey arethe firstword ofa presenceorapropertyname02The numberofnounsCountable nounCountablenounsarenouns thatcan becounted,such asbook,apple,and catCountablenouns commonlyhave plural forms,and the pluralformsarecommonly formedby addings ores atthe endof thewordCountable nounscan bemodified byobjectives,and can be usedinmeasurement expressions,such asone apple,two cats,three dogsUncountable nounUncountable nounsare Uncountablenouns Uncountablenouns arenounsthat cannotbe commonlydo nothave commonlyused asthecounted,such asmilk,multiple forms,and cannotbe subjector objectof abread,and ricemodified byobjectives presence,and cannotbe usedinmeasurement expressionsTheconversion betweencountable anduncountable nounsSome nounscan beconverted betweencountable anduncountable nounsFor example,water isan uncountable noun,but itcanbeconverted to a countablenoun when referringto a specific amountof water,so as a glassof waterWhenconverting a countablenoun to anuncountablenoun,thepluralform ismanuallyreplaced bythe singularform.For example,apples isacountablenoun,but itcan beconvertedto anuncountablenounwhenreferringtoageneral typeof apple,such as applejuice03The caseof anounNominalcaseNominal caseThis is thebasic caseofa noun andis used when thenounis the subject ofa verbFor example,The catsaton themat.In thissense,cat isin thenominal caseasit is the subjectof theverb sat.UsageThe nominalcase is used forsubjects,predict nouns,and propertynamesPositive casePositivecaseThis caseis usedto showposition orownership Itis formedby addingan apostropheand ansto theendof thenoun For example,Johns car.In thissense,Johns showsthat thecar belongs to JohnUsageThepassive caseis usedfor nounsthat showsession orownership,such aspassive pronouns,nounswith apoastropheres,and propertynames withapoastropheresPart ofspeech04changes ofnounsWeakconnectionWeak adjustmentrefers to the Whena nounis used asaverb,its Weakconjunction isa commonchangesin the form ofanounpart ofspeech changesfrom phenomenonin English,and it iswhen it isusedasaverb Innountoverb Thischange iscalled important to understandthisEnglish,there areseveral noisesweak conjunctionbecause itchange inorder tocorrectly usethatcanbeusedasverbs,and involvesa relativelysmall changethe languagetheirforms typicallyend in-ing in theform of thewordor-en Forexample,to singverbistheform ofsong nounIrregular changes010203Irregularchangesrefer to the Someexamples ofregular Understandingand memorizingchangesin theformofanounchanges includegoose nounthese regularchanges iscrucialthat donot followany regularbecoming geeseliteral orfor learningEnglish,as theyarepattern orrule These changes arefoot nounbecoming feelcommon inthe languageandunique toeach individualnoun literalThesechangesare notoften appearin importantandcannotbeanticipated orconsistent withany regularcontexts suchas grammarandgeneralized pattern,and eachnow hasits ownwritingunique wayof changingforms05Usage ofNounsTheUsage ofPersonal PronunsPersonalpronouns areusedtorefer tospecific individualsor thingsInEnglish,there arefirst personI,we,second personyou,and thirdpersonhe,she,it,they pronounsWhenusing personalprops,it isimportantto maintain clarity and avoidambiguityForexample,He wet tothe store isclear becausethe subjectismale,but Theywettothestorecould referto either a maleor afemalegroupThe usageof positive pronunciationsPositive pronounsareusedto showownership Whenusing passivepromotions,itisessential toorsession InEnglish,positivepronunciationsbe specificabout ownershipand alternativeincludemine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,and theirsfusion Forexample,The bookis minemeansthat thebook belongs tothe speaker,while Thebookis theircould meanthat thebook belongstoa group of peopleother thanthe speakerTheuse ofdemonstrative proofsDemonstrativeproofs arebeing usedto pointout specificthings orpeople InEnglish,demonstrative proofsincludethis,that,these,and thatWhenusing empiricalproofs,itisessential tobe clearabout whatis beingpointed outand alternativefusion Forexample,Thisismy bookpoints outa specificbook thatbelongstothe speaker,while Thatis theircar pointsoutaspecificcar thatbelongstoa groupof peopleother thanthe speakerTheuse ofreflective pronounsReflexiveproofs areusedwhenthesubjectand Whenusing reflexivepronunciations,it isobjectarethesame InEnglish,reflective importanttomaintainclarityandavoid fusionForpronouns includemyself,yourself,himself,herself,example,I sawmyself inthe mirrormeans thatitself,ourselves,and themselvesthespeakersaw theirreflection inthe mirror,while Theysaw theminthemovie couldbeinterpreted aseitheragroupofpeople seeingtheirown reflectionsor asagroupof peopleseeinga movieabout themTHANKS感谢观看。