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Three MajorAdjectiveSentences inEnglish forthe目录•The definition and functionof relativeclauses•Classification of relative clauses•The guideword of an attributive clause•The sentencestructure of relative clauses•Translation techniquesfor relative clauses•Practice questionsand analysis of relativeclausesThedefinitionandfunctionPart01ofrelative clausesWhat isan attributive clauseAn attributive clause isa dependentclause thatmodifies a noun orpronoun byprovidingadditional information about it.It typicallyappears beforethe nounit modifies,but itcanalso appearafter the noun.An attributiveclause can be introducedby a relative pronounwho,which,that orby arelativeadverb where,when,why.The functionofrelativeclausesTo provideadditionalinformation abouta personor Togive morecontext andthingmentioned in the mainbackground informationclauseToclarify ormodify theTocreate amore coherentandmeaning ofanounormeaningful sentencestructurepronoun inthe mainclauseClassification ofrelativePart02clausesRestrictive attributiveclause定义限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词提供重要的、决定性的信息,去掉后会影响句子的完整性例子The studentwho won the firstprizeis fromour school.限制性定语从句修饰student,说明是哪一个学生获得了第一名Non-restrictive attributiveclause定义非限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词提供附加的、非决定性的信息,去掉后不会影响句子的完整性例子His brother,who isa doctor,is verykind.非限制性定语从句修饰brother,补充说明他的职业,但并不是决定性的信息Special attributiveclause定义特殊定语从句通常用于描述某些特定的情况或关系,其结构与普通定语从句有所不同例子The planethat isdue totake offat8oclock hasbeen delayed.特殊定语从句描述了飞机的起飞时间,强调了“应于8点起飞的飞机”The guideword ofanPart03attributive clauseThe usage ofthatFunction ExampleThatis used as apronoun ora The book that I readwas veryconjunction.It canfunction asthe interesting.In this sentence,that issubject,object,or complementofaVS used as apronoun to modify theclause.noun book.Theusageof whichFunctionExampleWhich is used tointroduce anon-The book,which Iread lastweek,wasrestrictive clause.It isalways followedvery interesting.In thissentence,by acomma.which isused tointroduce anon-restrictive clause that providesadditional informationaboutthe book.Usage ofAsFunction ExampleAscanbeusedas a prepositionor Asyou cansee,the sunis shining.Inconjunction.It isoften usedinthethissentence,as isusedasasense ofwhen,where,or how.conjunction tointroduce aclause thatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthe subject.Using whose要点一要点二Function ExampleWhoseisusedasapossessive pronoun.It isused toThe studentwhose homeworkwas latewasshow possessionor ownership.punished.In thissentence,whose isused toshowpossession ofthe homeworkthat waslate.The sentencestructure ofPart04relative clausesSubject+predicate+object+attributiveclause总结词详细描述简单句型,主谓宾结构,附加定语从句这种句型是英语中最基本的句型之一,由主语、谓语、宾语和附加的定语从句构成定语从句通常用于描述名词或代词的属性或特征Subject+linking verb+predicate+attributiveclause总结词详细描述复合句型,主系表结构,附加定语从句这种句型由主语、系动词、表语和附加的定语从句组成系动词连接主语和表语,形成主系表结构定语从句用于描述名词或代词的特征或属性Subject+predicate+indirect object+directobject+attributiveclause总结词详细描述复杂句型,主谓宾结构,间接宾语、直接宾语和附加这种句型是英语中较为复杂的句型之一,由主语、谓语、定语从句间接宾语、直接宾语和附加的定语从句组成间接宾语和直接宾语共同构成谓语的宾语结构定语从句用于描述名词或代词的特征或属性Translation techniquesforPart05relative clausesLiteraltranslation method直接翻译法按照原句的语序和表达方式进行直译,尽可能保留原文的语义和风格Free translationmethod意译法不拘泥于原文的语序和表达方式,以符合目标语言习惯的方式进行翻译,更注重译文的流畅性和自然度ellipsis省略法在翻译过程中,省略原文中一些不必要或重复的信息,使译文更加简洁明了VSPractice questionsandPart06analysisofrelative clausesExercise Question1and AnalysisExercise Question101Thebookthat I borrowed from the libraryis veryinteresting.Analysis02This sentence uses arelativeclause to modify the noun book.The relativeclause thatI borrowedfrom thelibrary specifieswhich book is being referred to.Answer03The relativeclause thatIborrowedfromthelibrary modifiesthe nounbookto specify whichbookis beingdescribed asveryinteresting.ExerciseQuestion2and AnalysisExerciseQuestion2The studentwho won the prizeis from China.AnalysisThis sentenceuses arelativeclausetomodifythenounstudent.The relativeclause whowontheprizespecifies whichstudent isbeing referredto.AnswerThe relativeclause whowontheprize modifiesthenounstudent tospecifywhichstudentis beingdescribed asfromChina.ExerciseQuestion3and AnalysisExerciseQuestion AnalysisAnswer3The moviethatI watched ThissentenceusesarelativeThe relativeclausethatIlast nightwas amazing.clausetomodifythenoun watchedlast nightmodifiesmovie.The relativeclause thenoun movieto specifythatIwatchedlast nightwhich movieis beingspecifieswhich movieisbeingdescribed asamazing.referredto.THANKS感谢您的观看。