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初一英语语法易错点初一英语语法虽然简单,但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小,容易被忽视,这些知识点掌握不熟练,往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误因此在学习时,要认真、细心,不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过下面从几个方面,总结出了初一英语语法易错点
一、初一英语语法一一词法
1、名词A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下——)在后面力口So如fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二)x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es如boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s如day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四)以o结尾加s(外来词)如radios,photos,但如是辅音加o的加es如tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)如knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六)单复数相同(不变的)有fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有police警察局,警察,class班,同学,family家,家庭成员九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词如action movie-action movies,penpal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数如man doctor-mendoctors,woman teacher-women teachers十)有的单复数意思不同如fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文,work工作works作品,工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s如Is(F s),Ks(IC s)但如是缩略词则只加s如IDs,VCDs,SARs十二)特殊形式的有child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB)名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式构成如下一)单数在后面加So如brother s,Mike s,teacher s二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理如TeachersDay教师节,classmates;Children sDay/\一节,Womens Day三八节三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理如Mike andBen sroom迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike s andBen srooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I memy minemyself复数we usour oursourselves第二人称单数you you your yoursyourself复数youyouyour yoursyourselves第三人称单数she herher hersherselfhe himhis hishimselfit itits itsthis thatitself复数they themtheir theirsthese thosethemselves
3、动词A)第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下——)——般在词后力口So如comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二)在x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es如watches,washes,wishes,finishes三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加eSo^Q study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s如plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四)以o结尾加es如does,goes五)特殊的有are-is,have-hasB)现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下——)——般在后力口ing如spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing如dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如Show-showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing如put-putting,run-running,get-getting,olet-letting,begin-beginning四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing如tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于
4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式构成如下一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)如greater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/esto如big-bigger biggest,red-redder reddest,hot-hotterhottest三以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est如happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendlymost friendly,busy-busierbusiest,easy-easier easiest四特殊情况两好多坏,一少老远good/well-better bestmany/much-more mostbad/ill-worse worstlittle-less leastold-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词基变序,有规则;
一、
二、三,自己背;
五、
八、
九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i,eth跟上去first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
二、初一英语语法---------------------句式
1.陈述句肯定陈述句a Thisis abook,be动词b Helooks veryyoung.连系动词c Iwant asweat likethis.实义动词d Ican bringsome thingsto school.情态动词e There sacomputer onmy desk.There be结构否定陈述句a Thesearen ttheir books,b Theydon tlook nice.c Katedoesn tgo toNo.4Middle School,d Katecan,t findher doll.e Thereisn ta cathere.二Theresno cathere.
2.祈使句肯定祈使句a Pleasego andask theman.b Lets learnEnglish!c Comein,please.否定祈使句a Dont belate,b Dont hurry.
3.疑问句1一般疑问句a IsJim astudent bCan Ihelp youc Doesshe likesaladd Dothey watchTV eIs shereading肯定回答a Yes,he is.b Yes,you can.c Yes,she does,d Yes,they do.e Yes,sheis.。