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非谓语动词(届高三.咏华)2015非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词,有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed分词一.非谓语动词的形式变化(结合前面的“时态和语态”专题,推测非谓语动词的各种时态和语态相结合的形式,完成下面的表格填空)非谓语形构成(以行为动词do为例)式时态语态复合结构否定句主动(及物动词的)被动一般式to do(发生在将来)to be done完成式to havedone forsb.在to前面加not(发生在谓语之前)to havebeen doneto do sth.或不定式进行式to bedoing./或never(与谓语同时发生)of sb.完成进to havebeen doing/to dosth.行式V-ing一般式doing beingdone sb.doing或sb.s在v-ing前加(与谓语同时发生)doing(作主语时只用not,如not完成式having donehaving beendone后者)having done(发生在谓语之前)V-ed一般式(不及物动词的过去分done/在前面加not词:二.分析下列各组句子,划出非谓语部分,判断非谓语在句中充当的成分,总结非谓语动词在句中充当同一种成分时的用法及区别
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1.Learning isimportant tomodern life.学习对现代生活很重要2To seeis to believe.=Seeing isbelieving.眼见为实3To obeythlaw isimportant.=It isimportant toobey thelaw.4It isno usecrying overspilt milk.覆水难收归纳作主语•通常,表抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式表具体的或一次性的将来动作•不定式和v・ing作主语常放在旬末,主语位置用形式主语it,即It+is/was+adj./n.(初easy/dijficult/(im)possible/likely/good/a goodidea蒙+to dosth.但某些(史殳)It+is/was+adj./n.worth/useless/n use/no ood/of littleuse/of littleood+v-ing.
①The storyis interesting.
②()
③My jobis teaching.=Teaching ismy job.
④I amdeeply devotedto education.
⑤The windowis broken.My dreamis to be admittedinto anideal university.归纳作表语•表主语(物)的性质(令人的)或内容;v-ing•表主语(人)的情感(感到……的)或所处的状态;v-ed•不定式表将来动作,在表目的、愿望梦想需求aim/eoal/purpose wish/hope dream等的名词作主语时其表语用不定式demand
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3.Shall wego to the swimmingpool
②This isan interestingstory.()3The excitedfans areshouting andwaving to the filmstar.
2.()4China isa developingcountry whileAmerica isa developedcountry.5I havea lotof papersto type.6She wasthe firstwoman towin theNobel Prize.7Mary isthe bestperson to do thejob.8The questionbeing discussednow isvery important.=The questionwhich isbeing discussednow isvery important.9We haveread manynovels writtenby thisauthor.=We haveread manynovels whichwere writtenby thisauthor.归纳作定语表被修饰的名词/代词(物)的性质(令人…….的),表动作的主动或进行,表被•v-ing修饰名词的用途;v・ed表被修饰名词(人)的情感(感到…….的),表动作的被动或完成;不定式表将来的动作,序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语短语、短语和不定式放在被修饰名词/代词的后面,作后置定语;其中,•v-ing v-edv・ing短语、v・ed短语作后置定语时,相当于一个定语从句
4.1Mary oftengoes backto herhometown tovisit hvrgrandparents.2Im soglad tosee youhere.3Jack wastoo busyto havehis haircut.4He cameback homeonly tofind hishome stolen.5They wentout of the classroom,talking andlaughing.6Having beenshown aroundthe lab,we weretaken tosee theschool library.=After wehad beenshown aroundthe lad,we weretaken tosee theschool library.7A heavystorm hitthe area,causing agreat losstothelocal people.8Confused by the problem,he decidedto turnto histeacher forhelp.=As hewas confusedby theproblem,he decidedto....9Seen from the top,the stadiumlooks likea birdnest.=When itis seenfrom thetop,the stadiumlooks likea birdnest.10United as one,we wontbe defeated.=Once weare unitedasone,we wontbe defeated.归纳作状语(短语)和句子的主语构成主动关系,(短语)和句子的主语构成被动关系;•v-ing v-ed•v-ing(短语)和v・ed(短语)可做时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语,相当于对应的状语从句,还可在做方式或伴随状语,做结果状语时,表自然而然的结果;不v-ing定式可做目的状语()原因状语(放在作表语的表情感to do/in orderto do/so asto do的形容词后)、结果主语(too…to…;onlytodo…则表意处的结果)
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5.He promisedto keepthe secretfor you.2I suggestorganizing astudent groupto helpeach other.3I heardof hishaving beenchosen tobe coachof theteam.()4rd liketo makea suggestion.=I feel like makinga suggnstion.5The TVset needstoberepaired.二The TVset needsrepairing.6She forgothaving paidthe money.W Sheforgot topay themoney.7He feelsit aduty tohelp the disabled.归纳作宾语•介词()+v-ing v.;vt.+v-ing:可带v-ing做宾语的vt.有“学英语,很容易;坚持(insist/keep)练习(practise)不逃避escape;建议sugBest完成finish少延期delay/put off;享受enjoy忍受stand不介意mind;避免avoid否定deny与妒忌envy;思考consider冒险risk想象imagine力;承认admit错过原谅你”另有miss forgiveappreciate,resist动词短语+v-ing词类动词短语有can5t help,feellike,succeed in,be fondof,object to,insist on,set等about,look forwardto,devote oneselfto,be worth,be busy,adapt to可带不定式做宾语的有“要想干,同意办,成与不成,愿意愿意,决定尽量干”•Vt.+to do:vt.“想要/希望/要求”:C want,wish,hope,expect,intend,demandy同意成/不成”“意愿”:agree,promise,afford:fail,manage care,refuse”决定/企图”:l choose,plan,decide,determine,offer,try,attempt,pretend•vt.+v・inq vt.+to do,此类vt・有begain,start,like,hate,prefer,continue;sth.need/require/want tobedone=sth.need/require/want doin,•vt.+v-ing Wvt.+to do此类vt•有stop,remember,forget,regret,try,mean,go on,can9t help可参考《名师金典》
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6.I foundthe filminteresting.2I foundthe studentsinterested iuthe film.3I heardthe songsung in English.4I oftenhear hersing inEnglish.比较She isoften heardto singinEnglish.5I feltmy heartbeating violently.比较My heartwas feltbeating violently.6We canmake waterpower produce electricity.比较:Water powercan bemade toproduceelectricity.7I expectthem towin thegame.归纳作补语宾语补足语主语补足语•v-ing表被修饰的宾语物的性质令人…….的,表动作的主动或进行;v・ed表被修饰的宾语人的情感感到…….的,表动作的被动或完成;ask/beg,expect,get/tell/order,want/wish,inspire/encourage,allow/permit,forbid,force...+sb.+to dosth.使役动词感官动词.强调动作已完成变为被动句时,要还原成使役+sb.+dosthtodosth.动词感官动词.强调动作在进行+sb.+doing sth--r;;;一“感feel二“听hear,listen to三“让make,let have;四“看see,watch,observe,look at还有一个要“注意notice三.总述:非谓语主语谓语宾语定语状语表语补语同位语不定式V V V V V Vv-ing VVVVVVv-ed JJ VV可表被修饰的名词/代词(物)的性质(令人…….的),表动作的主动或进行;v-ing可表被修饰的名词(人)的情感(感到……的),表动作的被动或完成;v-ed不定式可表将来的动作非谓语动词专题练习一.用动词的适当形式填空
1.Im goingto havemy radioIxed fix.
2.The girlsitting situnder thetree ismy cousin.
3.Followed followby someofficials,Napoleon inspectedhis army.
4.Helen hadto shoutto makeherself heardhear abovethe soundofthemusic.
5.Most ofthe artistsinvited invitetotheparty werefromtheUK.
6.Given givemore attention,the flowerscould havegrown better.
7.The murderwas broughtin,with hishand tiedtie behindhis back.
8.The managerstayed updeep intothe night,preparing preparehis annualreport.
9.The problemis puzzlingpuzzle,so manystudents feelpuzzled puzzleand dontknow howto solvehow,solve it.
10.It isno useasking aska stubbornman tochange hismind.
11.He feelsit aduty tohelp helpthedisabled.
12.She isthe firstwoman totake takepart in the OlympicGames.
13.The TVset needsrepairing/toberepaired repair.
14.Ifs importantfbr thefigures tobe updatedupdate regularly.
15.His firstbook tobe publishedpublish nextmonth isbased ona truestory.
16.It rainedheavily inthe south,causing causeserious floodingin severalprovinces.二.句型转换更多同类练习见《名师金典》
1.Walking inthe street,I sawhim.=Whea/While/As Iwas walkinginthestreet,I sawhim.
2.Working hard,you will succeed.=Dlf/As longas/So longas youwork hard,you willsucceed.2Work hard,and youwillsucceed.
3.Though hehad failedmany times,he didnt lose heart.=Having failedmany timesfail manytimes,he didntlose heart.=Although beaten/defeated beat/defeat byfailure manytimes,he didn,tloseheart.
4.His richparents died,leaving him much money.二His richparents diedand lefthimmuchmoney.
5.Scolded bythe teacher,the girlsat therefeeling sorry.=As shewas scoldedbytheteacher,the girlsat thereand feltsorry.
6.The teacherentered theclassroom,and hewas followed by a group of students.=The teacherentered theclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.
7.An oldman,dressed likea beggar,entered therestaurant andsat downat thetable.=An oldman,who wasdressed likea beggar,entered therestaurant andsat downat thetable.三.翻译
1.你能来看我,我彳艮感激I appreciateyour/you comingto seamn.
2.你的无私帮助让我深受感动Your helpingme selflesslymade memoved deeply.
3.没有得到另他满意的回复,他很沮丧Not havinginceive a satisfying ieplyAs hehadnt receivedasatisfyinginply,he feltupset.四.写作运用下星期一将有外宾参观你们的学校,你要代表学校向外宾用英语介绍中国的春节,请根据以下内容写一篇发言稿中国的农历新年,也叫春节,在农历1月1日庆祝,世界各地的中国人都流行过春节像世界上许多人那样,中国人喜欢庆祝自己的传统节日以及春天的到来在春节期间,大多数人都宁愿呆在家里、吃大餐以及和家人聊天;而另一些人则外出去拜访他们的朋友或度长假人们会说“春节快乐”,对即将到来的新年表达良好的祝愿春节也是儿童的节日,这天他们可以装扮一新和父母去亲戚家讨利是钱Obseived/Celebrated onJanuary1lunar month,Chinese LunarNew YearsDay,also calledtheSpring Festival,is popularwith allthe Chinesepeople allover theworld.Like manyother peoplein theworld,Chinese enjoycelebrating theirtraditional festivaland thecoming ofspring.At theSpring Festival,most peopleprefer tostay athome,having bigmeals andchatting withfamily memberswhile othersmaytake atrip tovisit theirfriends orto spendtheir longholiday.Besides,people willsay“Happy NewYearSpring Festival”to expiassgood wishesfor thecoming NewYear.It isalso achildrens festival,when theycandress upand goto theirrelatives9homes withtheir parentsto getlucky moneyin ledpaper.。