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高中英语拓展阅读讲义(拔尖班)《新概念英语》第44篇Speed andcomfort(第一段)精读语篇导读这是一篇说明文本文运用的对比的手法,说明长途旅行,无论是选择旱路、水路还是飞机,都令人多多少少感到疲倦火车拥挤吵闹、公路堵车、船运晕船,相比之下,飞机出行在速度和舒适度上更胜一筹,乘客抵达目的地时感到精神焕发,不必费时恢复精神Speed andcomfort•指飞机的速度之快和舒适度©People travelling long distances frequently haveto decidewhether theywould preferto go by land,sea,or air.
②Hardly anyonecan positivelyenjoy sittingin atrain formore thanafew hours.@Train compartmentssoon getcramped andstuffy.4It is almost impossibleto take your mind off the journey.
⑤Reading isonly apartial solution,for themonotonousrhythm of the wheelsclicking onthe railssoon lullsyou Cosleep.
⑥During theday,sleepcomes in snatches.7At night,when you really wishto goto sleep,you rarelymanage todoso.
⑧If youare luckyenough to get a sleeper,you spendhalf thenight staring at thesmallblue lightin theceiling,or fumblingto findyour ticketfor inspection.
⑨Inevitably youarrive at your destination almost exhausted.⑩Long carjourneys areeven lesspleasant,for itisquite impossibleeven toread.⑪On motorwaysyou can,at least,travel fairlysafely athighspeeds,but more often thancot,the greaterpart of the journeyis spenton roadswith fewservicestations andtoo muchtraffic.⑫By comparison,ferry tripsor cruisesoffer agreatvariety ofcivilizedcomforts.13You canstretch yourlegs onthe spaciousdecks,play games,meetinteresting peopleand enjoygood food—always assuming,of course,that thesea iscalm.⑭If it is not,and youare likelyto getseasick,no formof transportcould beworse.⑮Even ifyou travel in idealweather,sea journeystake along time.⑯Relatively fewpeopleare preparedto sacrificeholiday timefor thepleasure oftravlling bysea.语篇导读本段讲述人们出行需要乘坐交通工具,而往往会令人疲惫不堪,尤其是火车、长途汽车和轮船
①开篇引入出行要乘坐交通工具的话题;
②③⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨这几句话主要描述火车的劣势车厢狭窄沉闷;火车单调的嘎喳声,无论是白天还是黑夜,都不得安眠;⑩⑪公路出行在路上费时长,会遇上塞车;⑫⑬⑭⑮⑯坐船相对舒服,空间大,有娱乐设施和食物供应,但前提是风平浪静,否则,会晕船词汇小学堂•positively/*pD zotivli/You usepositively toemphasize thatyoureallymean whatyouare saying.绝对地,完全地;如This ispositively thelast chancefor theindustry toestablishsuch asystem.这绝对是该行业建立此机制的最后一次机会•compartment/kom^a:tm
(0)nos/:boring because of alwaysbeing thesame单调的,乏味的,一味的,如They simplyhate livinga monotonouslife anddoing thesameeveryday things.他们讨厌千篇一律的生活或做重复单调的事o monotonous因重重复复而单调烦人,意为“单调乏味的,一成不变的”;如amonotonous diet单调的饮食o tedious因时间过长或无趣而枯燥乏味,意为“枯燥乏味的,冗长的”;如atediously longfilm一部冗长的电影o dull因无趣或沉闷而令人乏味,意为“乏味的,无聊的;如a dullmovie一部沉闷的电影o boring主要是无趣,用法比较宽泛,意为“无趣的,无聊的,乏味的”;如Life wasnever boring.生活从来都不无聊•rhythmfri dom/a strongregular repeatedpattern ofsounds ormovements节奏;韵律;律动,如He cantseem toplay inrhythm.他的演奏好像不合节拍•click/kll k/to makeor causesth to make ashort sharpsound使发出咔嗒声;使咔嗒(或咔嚓)响,如The camerasclicked away.照相机咔嚓咔嚓地不停拍照•clicking onthe railssoon现在分词短语,作定语,表主动,修饰wheels•111/11/to makesomeone feelcalm or as ifthey wantto sleep使平静下来;U A使昏昏欲睡,*lull someoneto sleep哄某人入睡如The humofthetyres onthe roadlulledher tosleep.一路上滚滚的车轮声使她昏昏欲睡•snatch/snaetf/A snatchof aconversation ora songis a very smallpiece ofit.(谈话或歌曲的)片断,短时,如I heardsnatches ofthe conversation.我听到几段零星的谈话*in snatches断断续续地,如The workwas doneinsnatches.这件工作是断断续续做成的•【熟词僻义】manage o
①〜on sthto beable tolive withouthaving muchmoney凑合着活下去;支撑,如He hasto manageon lessthan£100a week.他就靠每周不到100英镑来维持生活o
②to succeedin doingsth,especially sthdifficult完成困难的事;勉力完成,如Can youmanage anotherpiece ofcake=eat one你还能再吃块蛋糕吗?*本文用法;o
①真正的主语提前翻译,根据是否需要起强调作用,选择翻译或不翻译it如It doesntmatter whetheryou tellme thetruth ornot.你告不告诉我真相都不重要(没有起强调作用)o It isafact thatyou cheatedme.你欺骗了我,这是个事实(起强调作用)•翻译思维
②真正的主语不提前翻译,一般不翻译ito如It isstrange thatthat girlkeeps crying.真奇怪,那女孩一直哭个不停本文例子Itisalmost impossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.想摆脱开旅途的困扰是很难的综上所述,it作形式主语的主语从句翻译,根据篇章是否需要强调,决定是否将it翻译出来出远门的人常常需要决定是走旱路、水路,还是坐飞机很少有人能够真正喜欢坐几个小时以上的火车车厢很快就变得拥挤、闷热,想摆脱开旅途的困扰是很难的看书只能解决部分问题车轮与铁轨间单调的嘎喳声很快就会送你进入梦乡白天是忽睡忽醒,到了夜晚,你真想睡了,却很难入睡即使你走运弄到一个卧铺,夜间有一半时间你会盯着车顶那盏小蓝灯而睡不着觉;要不然就为查票摸索你的车票一旦抵达目的地,你总是疲惫不堪乘汽车作长途旅行则更加不舒服,因为连看书都几乎不可能在公路上还好,你至少能以相当快的速度安全地向前行但旅行的大部分时间都花在路上,而且只有很少的服务设施,交通也很拥挤相比之下,坐船旅行或环游可以得到文明世界的各种享受你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戏,还能见到各种有趣的人,能享用各种美味佳肴一一当然,这一切只有在大海风平浪静的情况下才有可能如果大海肆虐起来,你就可能晕船,那种难受劲儿是任何一种别的旅行的方式都不会带来的即使风平浪静,坐船旅行也要占用很长时间没有多少人会为了享受坐船旅行的乐趣而牺牲假期的时间。