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2023-2024学年度外研版必修二Unit6Earth first学案晨读课——单元要点的系统归纳与主题语素的识记拓展dl分类背单词I.“妙记”简单词汇
1.shark n.鲨（鱼）
2.fin v.切去（鱼的）鳍n.鱼鳍
3.target把……作为目标K
4.attitude n.（尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般）看法，态度海洋，大海
5.ocean n.打猎，狩猎
6.hunting n.员工
7.staff n.破损，损害，损伤
8..damage v.洪水，水灾
9.flood n.（煤气、电力、自来水等）供应（系统）
10.supply n.利用太阳光（能）的
11.solar adj.烟雾，雾霾
12.smog n.雾
13.fog n.不正确的，错误的
14.false adj.数量，数额
15.amount n.（机器、设备的）运行方式，状态，模式
16.mode n.（使）漏，（使）渗漏
17.leak v.升，公升
18.litre n.平均（数）的
19.average adj.II.“勤回首”易忘词汇使……突出，使注意力集中于
1.highlight v.（野生生物）保护区
②The silencein thedark buildingwas scaryscare.No soundand voicewas heardatthat moment.
③She triesto scare the childinto behavingwell.©Having mademistakes,he isscare offacing hisstrict teacher.他犯了错，不敢去面对严厉的老师
①Her storyis aremarkable exampleof howhard workand devotiondevote canleadto sportingexcellence.
②For example,teachers inremote ruralareas aredevotedtochanging changethelives of the peoplewith lessaccess to the advantagesenjoyed bymany others.
③2022•浙江1月高考1decided todevote myselfto thetask ofworking with thesubjects,while hedeveloped thescientific model.我决定全身心地投入到研究课题的工作中，而他则开发了科学模型42022•北京高考It isimportant foreveryone todevote sometime tohealthand fitness.对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的2句式升级
⑤Because Lucyis devotedto writing what she has reflected on in life,she hasbeenrecognized asa LuXun.—Devoted to writingwhat she has reflectedon inlife,shehas been recognizedasa LuXun.用过去分词短语作状语改写-ADevoting herselftowritingwhatshehasreflectedoninlife,shehas beenrecognized asa LuXun,用现在分词短语作状语改写ldevote用作及物动词，后面的宾语可以是time,life,money,energy,也可以是oneself,作状语或定语时用一ing形式；be devotedto结构作定语或状语时用一ed形式2devote...to...中的to为介词，后跟名词或动名词等［名师指津］
3.majority n.多数，大多数人或物单句语法填空/完成句子
①When theheadmaster spokeout hisplan,the majoritymajor of the studentsinthe classwere againstit.
②The majorityof thebuildings were be builtin the1970s.
③The majoritywas/werebe in favourof thesuggestion at the meetingheldyesterday.
④So,it maybe onlya minorityminor ofyoung peoplewho playclassicalinstruments.
⑤How Iwish Ihad majoredin medicineinstead of history whenI was at college!我多么希望我在大学时主修的是医学而不是历史!［归纳法记牢］1a/the majorityof...大多数……bein the/a majority占多数2major adj.主要的；主修的n.主修课程；主修学生vl.主修major in主修3minor adj.较小的；次要的minority n.少数；少数民族［名师指津］1“the majorityof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数2当majority后面不接of短语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数；若强调个体，谓语动词用复数
①If thevictim issuffering fromsecond orthird—degree burns,there is an urgentneed to takehim/her to the hospitalat once.
②At first,people approvedof hisstudies andurged himto continuecontinue,but laterwhen heproved Aristotlewrong,they grewangry andput himin prison.©Because of all thisextra time,there wasno sense of urgencyurge to do myschoolwork immediately.©Hearing thatyou11give usa lectureabout westernart andwant tohear ouropinions,I feelanurgetQ mokemy voiceheurd.听说您要给我们做一个关于西方艺术的讲座，想听听我们的意见，我有一种想发表意见的冲动
⑤It isurged thatimmediate measuresshouldbe takento stopthe situation.敦促立即采取措施，制止这种情况
⑥It isurgent thatall thestudents shouldparticipate in the winterlong-distance runningactivity.强烈要求所有的学生都应该参加冬季长跑活动［名师指津］Durge后接that从句时，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形”的形式,这里的“动词原形”为“do”或“be done”的形式,should可以省略5It+be+urgent/important/strange/natural/necessary...+that...句式中，that引导的从句中谓语部分需要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形”的形式，should可以省略
5.concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的；相关的；关注的；感兴趣的单句语法填空/完成句子
①He calledthe policebecause he was concernedabout/for mysafety.
②Honestly speaking,I have no concern withthematter.
③He askedseveral questionsconcerning concernthe futureof thecompany.@As/So faras Imconcerned,the moreyou practisepaper—cutting,the betteryouwill becomeat it.就我个人而言，你剪纸练习得越多，你就会越擅长
6.contribute乙促成，造成（某事发生）；捐献；贡献单句语法填空/完成句子
①The contributioncontribute hemade to the villagewas great,so hebecame verypopularamong thevillagers.
②While jokesare likelyto contribute to apleasant atmosphere,youve gotto becarefulnot tohurt others.
（1）account n.描述；理由；账户V.认为是，认为take account of考虑，顾及give anaccountof描述，叙述on accountof由于，因为on no account决不（位于句首，句子要用部分倒装）
（2）account for解释，说明（……的原因）；（在数量上）占（比例）［演绎法练通］
（1）单句语法填空/句式升级
①I wouldappreciate it if youcould takemy requestinto account.
②The companytakes accountof environmentalissues whereverpossible.
③（2020•全国卷I）Lighting accountsfor about7%of thetotal electricityconsumedin theUS.
④Only when you giveserious considerationto theirpoints ofview willyou be ableto seewhat accountsfor theiremotions andempathize withthem.
⑤Young peopleshould onnoaccountneglect their daily physicalexercises.fOn noaccount shouldyoung peopleneglect theirdaily physicalexercises.（侄『装句）
（2）一句多译把所有的因素考虑进去，我们都认为这是一个好的提议
⑥Taking allj;he factorsinto account,we allthink thisis agood suggestion.（用现在分词短语作状语）
⑦AH the factors taken into account,we allthink thisis agood suggestion.（独立主格结构作状语）
⑧With all thefactorstaken into account,we allthink thisisagood suggestion.（用with复合结构作状语）
①An oldfriend ofhis calledon himat hisoffice yesterdayafternoon.
②The localgovernment hastaken actionto call on peopleto plantplant trees.
③The jobcalled for all myresources ofenergy andpatience.
④Tonights gamehasbeencalled offbecause ofbad weather.
⑤He calledher upone dayand saidthat heand hiswife werecoming toNew York.
⑥They decidedto callin adoctor,because thechild wasno better.第2课时经典句式的活学仿用与亮点写法的赏析借鉴考遹更要用活
1.形容词短语作状语1形容词短语作状语时，说明句子主语或宾语的特点或所处的状态，可以表示方式、原因或伴随等2形容词短语作状语时，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开3如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语先学通通过题点训练把握用法规则单句语法填空DTo ourrelief,the missingchild returnedhome tendays later,tired buthealthyhealth.
②Surprised surpriseand happy,he stoodup andaccepted theprize.
③Surprisingly surprise,the averagestudent shouldget fullmarks in the exam.
④I foundthehomelessman lyingon the street cornerin thefreezing coldwind,dead die.再写美通过句子仿写做到运用自如
⑤我只希望不管特雷弗在哪里，他都能平平安安回家All rm hopingfor isthat whereverTrevor is,he willcome homesafe and sound.
⑥渴望知道外面在发生什么，一些学生不时地向窗外张望Eager toknow“hat washappening outside,some studentswere constantlylookingout of the window.
2.倍数表达法倍数表达法的三个基本句型和四个特殊句型1三个基本句型
①倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as；
②倍数十形容词/副词的比较级+than；
③倍数+the+度量名词size,length,height,depth,weight,width・・・+of o2四个特殊句型
①倍数+as many/niuch+名词+as；
②倍数+more+名词+than；
③倍数+that/those of；
④倍数+what从句先学通通过题点训练把握用法规则单句语法填空
①The newbuilding is four timeshigher highthan theold one.
②There isfour times as muchwater inthis potas inthat one.
③In thisworkshop,the outputof Julywas
4.5times thatof January.
④This streetisfourtimes thelength longof thatone.再写美（通过句子仿写做到运用自如）
⑤这条路是三年前的两倍宽whatThe widthof theroad istwice whatit“as threeyears ago.
⑥在面积上，这个城市是那个城市的三倍大倍数+the+名词+of...The cityis[hnelimes the size ofthat city./—发现姜才犍创造美
1.赏用词与场景之美We seea womanswimming atnight in a dark sea.Suddenly,she is pulled underwater.She surfaces,cries in fear,then disappearsforever.赏析本段文字为电影《大白鲨》的开场画面，呈现了鲨鱼攻击人类的一幕swimming atnightin adarksea”让读者仿佛看到了夜晚在漆黑的大海上一位女士在游泳的画面，这一场景的渲染为下文要发生危险的事情作了铺垫;“Suddenly”一词的运用让读者的心开始悬起来；“ispulledunderwater,surfaces,criesin fear,then disappearsforevern这些词语的运用，让读者看到了一个惊心动魄的画面，仿佛身临其境，心情久久不能平静
2.赏结构之美It seemslike common senseeating localfood should be betterfor the environment,because itdoes notneed to be transportedlong distancesand keptcold duringtransport.Unfortunately,it isnot thatsimple.It isthe productionof food,not its transport,that usesmost of the energy and producesmost of the greenhouse gases.In somecases,local producemight haveused moreenergyandproduced more greenhouse gases than producegrowna long way away一even takinginto accountitstransport.赏析本段文字主要是叙述本地农产品未必环保本段句式结构丰富多彩，灵活多变，语言表达简洁有力“It”为形式主语，“eating localfood为动名词结构作主语，“to betransportedlong distancesand keptcold”为不定式结构作宾语，“It isthe productionoffood,not itstransport,that.・.”为强调句型，“might haveused moreenergy andproducedmoregreenhouse gasesthan...”为比较级的灵活运用，grown“为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“produce，“even takinginto account...v为独立成分作状语语境直号应用
（一）用本单元知识完成下列语段主题语境一一保护野生动物Most peopleare afraid of（用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇
①are scaredof）tigers,always holdingthe beliefthat they are dangerous,but some tigerssuch asSiberiantigers
②are endangered（endanger）.It isestimated that there arecurrently lessthan35Siberian tigersin China.Obviously,theyareon thebrink of
③extinction（extinct）,as isthe casewith numbersof wild animals.Why areso manywildanimals sufferingFirst,some poachersaim at（用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇©target at）wild animalsfortheir meatand skins,which leadsto（用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇
⑤contributes to）their dyingout.Of course,that isnot onlybecause of（用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇
⑥due to）hun tingbut alsohumans destroyingwild animalshabitats orliving environmentextremely seriously（用本单元词汇替换加黑词汇
⑦severely）.Protecting wildanimalsmeans keepingthe balanceof nature,which benefits wildlifeas wellas humans.Only whenwe learn
⑧to coexistin harmonywith nature（与自然界和谐共存；非谓语动词作宾语）can westop beinga threatto wildlifeand toour planet.So
⑨it is urgentthat everyoneshould adoptproper ways（迫切需要每个人采用适当的方法；itisurgentthat...）to lookafter wildanimals.⑩Lets togetherdevot eourselves toprotectingwild animals（让我们一起致力于保护野生动物；devote）.二根据提示，续写语段结合主题，根据下面给出的开头语和情节脉络续写一个80词左右的片段情节脉络受到一位穿着黄色马甲捡拾垃圾的女士Vest Lady的影响「我”旱灾，干旱
3.drought n.使恢复
4.restoreK采取（某种方法）
5.adopt v.灯泡
6.bulb n.（能源）可更新的，可再生的，可恢复
7.renewable adj.的碳
8.carbon n.温室，暖房
9.greenhouse n.小册子
10.brochure n.释放，排放
11.release v.（问题、伤势、疾病等）很严重的
12.severe adj.幻灯片
13.slide n.设备，仪器，装置
14.device n.备用的
15.stand-by adj.家用电器，家用器具
16.appliance n.（电）插头
17.plug n.（宣传）活动
18.campaign n.（工厂、学校等的）食堂，餐厅
19.canteen n.
1.scare v.使（某人）惊恐，吓唬f scared adj.害怕的，担心的f scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
2.dive v.（通常指使用呼吸设备的）潜水-diving n.跳水运动f divern.跳水运动员；潜水员
3.fortune n.运气；财富f fortunateadj.幸运的;吉利的f fortunatelyadv.幸运地funfortunately adv.不幸地
4.extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的f extinctionn.灭绝，绝种
5.devote致力，献身，倾注f devotionn.奉献，专心f devotedadj.专心致志的，忠诚的
6.cruel adj.残酷的f cruellyad匕残酷地；非常f crueltyn.残忍，残酷，残暴也开始捡垃圾一一但是“我”很快意识到一个人的力量是不够的，于是创建网站来号召更多的志愿者加入清除垃圾的行动中来……More andmore peopleput onvests withtheir ownnames.参考范文Moreandmorepeopleputonvestswiththeirownnames.Volunteers couldbe seenpickingup rubbishin theirspare time.The yellowvests madebeautiful scenesin theparksor on the streets.With ourjoint efforts,theenvironmentbecame betterand better.What delightedme mostwas thatpeople，s awareness of environmental protection wasimproved.The rubbishremoval campaignwas a big success.Thanks toVest Ladywho rootedthesenseofenvironmentalprotectionin mymind,more peoplebecame“Vest Lady”.习题课——主题阅读的集群训练与主题表达的升格训练课时作业
（一）主题阅读集群训练（限时40分钟）I.阅读理解A（2023•山东潍坊一模）Being takenoff theendangered specieslist doesntguaranteea carefreefuture forwhales.Recent researchestimates that the populationof Pacificgray whales offNorth Americas WestCoast hasdwindled byalmost aquarter since
2016.Starting in2019,alarming numbersof deadgray whaleswere spottedon beachesandfloating offshorethroughout theirhabitat,from Mexicoto Alaska.The NationalMarineFisheries Servicedefined itas an“Unusual MortalityEvent”.UMEs aredeclared whena significant die-off occursand wheninformation iscollected toclarify whyitoccurs.The Arctichas historicallylow levelsof seaice inrecent years,upending thedelicateecosystem thatsustains graywhales.Like othermigrators,they dontfeed ontheirwinter breeding（繁殖）grounds oralong theirmigration,and mustgain weightduring the summerto sustain themselves throughthe rest of theyear.Observers usingair photography notedthe whaleslooked skinnierand arrivedin Mexicoin poorcondition,which suggestedthey werenot findingenough foodduringthesummer.This die—off isalarmingly similartotheevents of20years ago,when anotherUMEresulted in asignificantdrop in the graywhale population.Although thecause wasultimatelyundetermined,its thoughtthat thepopulation reached“carrying capacity”—it grewtoo largefor theenvironment tosupport it.Although thatidea hasbeensuggested forthis die—off as well,its morelikely blamedon thechanging conditionsof the Arctic.Gray whales,hunted almostto extinctionby themid-20th century,were one of thefirstto beprotected fromhunting.The EasternNorth Pacific population reboundedwithoutpressure fromwhaling andwas takenoff theEndangered SpeciesList;the WesternNorthPacificpopulationis stilllisted asendangered.This die—off isa reminderthat“delisting”doesn5t indicatea populationssecure future.New threatsarise,climate changeupends habitats,and continuedmonitoring isneeded incase acrash comes.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是从濒危物种名单上被除名并不能保证鲸鱼的未来无忧无虑最近的研究估计，自2016年以来，北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一
1.What doesthe underlinedword“dwindled”in Paragraph1meanA.Increased.B.Bounced.C.Multiplied.D.Dropped.解析选D词义猜测题根据下文u Startingin2019,alarming numbers.・・from Mexicoto Alaska.可知，画线词所说的是“自2016年以来,北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一”，因此画线词的意思是“减少”,即“Dropped”，故选D
2.What willgraywhalesusually doin winterA.Consume fewcalories.B.Travel southto breed.C.March backtoAlaska.D.Seek foodin theArctic.解析选B推理判断题根据第二段的“Like othermigrators,they.・.the restof theyear.”及Observers usingairphotography...in poorcondition.”可推断出，灰鲸在冬天通常会南下到墨西哥繁殖，即“Travel southto breed”，故选B
3.What mightbe themain cause ofthecurrent UMEA.Serious illnesses.B.Sea pollution.C.Environmental changes.D.Limited carryingcapacity.解析选C细节理解题根据第三段的“Although thatidea hasbeen suggested...changing conditionsoftheArctic.”可知,当前UME的主要原因是环境的变化故选C
4.Whats the authors attitudetothe“delisting”A.Favorable.B.Concerned.C.Intolerant.D.Regretful.that delistingdoesnt indicatea populationssecure future.“可解析选B观点态度题根据最后一段的“This die-off isa reminder知，作者对“除名”的态度是担忧的,即Concerned,故选BGlobal warmingwill increasethe riskof river flooding overthe comingdecades,endangering millionsof peoplearound the world,according to a studypublished onThursday.Using computersimulations,researchers inGermany examined the impact of changingrainfallpatterns andfound thatflood defenceswill need tobeimproved particularlyin the UnitedStates,parts ofIndia andAfrica,Indonesia andCentral Europe.River floodsare alreadyone ofthe mostwidespread（广泛的）and damagingformsof naturaldisasters worldwide.Additional protectivemeasures includeenhancing dykes（堤），better rivermanagement,improving buildingstandards and even movingsettlements,according tothe studypublished in the journalScience Advances.The number of peopleaffected by the worst10percent of riverflooding will doublefrom76million to156million inAsia aloneby2040,said theauthors at the PotsdamInstitutefor ClimateImpact Research.In NorthAmerica thenumber ofpeople atriskcould increasetenfold,from100,000to amillion.“The realnumbers mightbe evenhigher inthe futureas populationgrowth andfurtherurbanization（者K市化）are nottakeninto account,”they said.Researchers saideven indeveloped countrieswith goodinfrastructure theneed foradaptationis big.They alsowarned thatthe riskof riverfloodingwillrise regardlessofcurrent efforts to controlclimate changebecause ofgreenhousegasesalready emittedinpast decades.uStill,a failureto keepglobal warmingbelow2degrees Celsius（
3.7Fahrenheit）may resultin changesto riverflooding patternsthat populationscan，t adaptto,“theauthorssaid.“The timehas comewhen limitingfuture climatechange mustbe accompaniedbyadapting tothe climatechange thatwe have already caused,“said Anders Levermann,oneofthe studysauthors.错误！
5.What willneedtobe doneinthefutureA.Taking stepsto strengthenflood defences.B.Changing rainfallpatterns indifferent places.C.Speeding up the urbanization.D.Limiting thenumberofbuildings.解析选A细节理解题根据第二段中的“Using computersimulations,researchers inGermanyexaminedtheimpactofchanging rainfallpatterns andfound thatflood defenceswillneedtobe improvedv可矢口，必须力□强防洪措施
6.Which ofthe followingcan replacethe underlinedword“tenfold”in Paragraph4A.Double.B.Quickly.C.Ten times.D.Slowly.解析:选C词义猜测题根据画线词后的“from100,000toamillion可知，受灾人数从10万增长到100万,增长到原来的10倍，由此可知tenfold的意思为“十倍”
7.Why willthe riskofriverflooding riseinthefutureA.There areno effective measures.B.Big citiesignore flooddisasters.C.There will be alarge population.D.The pastemission ofgreenhousegaseshas abig effect.解析选D细节理解题根据倒数第二段第二句可知，因为过去几十年已经排放的温室气体所造成的影响，河水泛滥的危害在将来还是会增加
8.What canwe concludefrom thelast paragraphA.Human beingswill havegreat sufferingsinthefuture.B.The worldspopulation shouldbe controlledat once.C.Good andeffectivemeasuresshouldbetaken immediately.D.Climate changewill drivehumans outoftheearth.解析选C推理判断题根据最后一段AndersLevermann所说的话可推知，我们必须采取有效的措施来解决气候变化问题II.阅读七选五（2023•广东省潮州市高三期末考试）Covering more than2,300km,the GreatBarrierReef sheltersover1,000different fishspecies.9Many peoplehave divedand hadalook atthem,but fewknow themlike ValerieTaylor.Valerie and her husband,Ron Taylor,were amongthe firstto explorethe GreatBarrierReef onfilm.―W In1974,Hollywood camecalling and the Taylorsfilmed livesharksequences（连续镜头）for StevenSpielberg2s thrillerJaws（电影《大白鲨》）.Though themovie turnedout tobeagreat success,it changedthe publicattitudetowards sharks一they wereterrified by them,andevenhated themand beganto huntthem.Shocked,the couplechanged theirlives foreverand turnedtheir attentionto sharkconservation.We didevery talkshow wecould andtold theaudience thatJaws wasafictional story—sharks don，t behavethat wayand areactually amild animal,but peoplejustdidn，t buyit,said Valerie Taylor.u11vValerie Taylorplayed animportant rolein gettingsharks protected.In2012,SouthAustralia renamedthe NeptuneIslands GroupMarine Parkafter theTaylors because oftheir workprotecting theoceans.12Human activitiesare endangeringa speciesthathas livedintheoceans formore than400million years.j3Weve reallymade abad impact,but itcan bechanged.Not everywherebutat leastin someplaces.Sharks arepart ofthe webof life,andsoaretherestoftheanimals.If wefail toprotect them,there isabigprice forus to pay.”A.Taylors achievementswere muchmorethanthat.B.However,despite herlifelong work,sharks arestill atrisk.C.”We stillhave a longwayto go,“83—year—old Valeriesays.D.Dolphins,whales andsharks swimaround thisunderwater world.E.It enjoyedbeautiful underseascenery totallybeyond imagination.F.In1967,the couplespent sixmonths filmingits underwaterhabitats.G.It wasshocking thatpeople knewso littleabout sharksbut formedsuch astubbornimpression.语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Valerie Taylor与丈夫拍摄鲨鱼电影并保护鲨鱼的事迹
9.选D前句描述大堡礁的面积和生态，空后描述ValerieTaylor对于大堡礁有很多了解；D选项描述大堡礁含有的生物物种，与前文语境一致故选D项
10.选F前句描述Valerie和丈夫在电影中探索大堡礁，空后表述1974年这对夫妇拍摄鲨鱼电影镜头；F选项时间发生在1974年前，表示拍摄大堡礁的水下栖息地，符合前后文语境，且时间逻辑相符故选F项
11.选G本空为Valerie说的话，空前描述人们被电影中鲨鱼的表现欺骗并信以为真以及泰勒夫妇为之所做的努力；G选项为Valerie对此现象的看法，符合语境故选G项
12.选B空前描述泰勒夫妇在保护鲨鱼中所做的努力，空后描述鲨鱼目前仍然受到威胁；B选项进行转折，引出鲨鱼仍然受到威胁的现状，承上启下故选B项
13.选C从空后可以看出，保护鲨鱼还需要继续进行；C选项中Valerie认为，我们在保护鲨鱼的道路上任重而道远，引出下文观点，符合语境故选C项III.完形填空Melbourne GirlsCollege isgetting ridof alldustbins andasking studentsto taketheirrubbish hometo encouragethem tomove towardszero waste.Starting nextMonday,the collegewill gradually14alltherubbish binsin fiveweeksin classroomsandtheyards,151,400students and140staff tosearch their ownhome forchip packetsand juiceboxes.Volunteer studentswill16daily non-compulsoryfood inspectionsin whichchildren bringing“zero waste“lunch boxeswillbe
17.Students usingonly18packaging willreceive atoken（礼券）to winprizes suchaskeepcups.The rubbishthat studentstake homemay stillgo tolandfill（废物填埋场）viatheir home bins,—W thenew policywill helppersuadepeople tobuy fewerpackaged20—and reuse containers.Most issuesaround carryingrubbish home,such assmell and21,can be solved.Takeuneaten tuna（金枪鱼）inatin for22―.It cango intothe schooTs compost（堆月巴）bin andthe tincan bewashed beforeits23home.The collegeprincipal KarenMoney acknowledgesthat someparents maynot havethe24or meansto avoidfoods insingle—use packaging,“but were25to getas manypeopleaswecan toavoid it.We26a lot,as educators,about thebad problemsthe world27,but ifwe dontstart taking28behind thatbeautiful idea,then itsjust empty.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱，并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励她们朝着零浪费的方向发展
14.A.replace B.washC.clean D.remove解析选D根据上文“Melbourne GirlsCollege isgetting ridofalldustbins可知，此处是指逐步清除垃圾桶故选D
15.A.forbidding B.leadingC.promising D.allowing解析选B根据“1,400students...and juiceboxes”可知，此处是指学院引领学生和教职工加入活动故选B
16.A.give awayB.get offC.take onD.carry out解析选D根据daily non—compu1sory foodinspections^可知,此处是指学生志愿者将贯彻每天的非强制性食品检查carryout“贯彻二故选D
17.A.rewarded B.guidedC.changed D.hugged解析选A根据“children bringingzero waste,lunch boxes”可知，此处是指携带“零浪费”饭盒的孩子将获得奖励故选A
18.A.creative B.usualC.reusable D.plastic解析选C根据上文“zero waste”可知，此处是指可重复使用的包装reusable”可重复使用的故选C
19.A.so B.butC.then D.though解析:选B根据上文“go tolandfill（废物填埋场）via theirhomebins”可知，此处是指学生带回家的垃圾仍然通过家里的垃圾箱进入废物填埋场，但新政策有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器故选Bo
20.A.figures B.flagsC.items D.images解析选C根据buy和reusecontainers可知，此处是指包装物品故选Co
21.A.event B.messC.heat D.cost解析:选B根据Most issuesaround carryingrubbishhome”和“smell”可知，此处是指脏乱故选B
22.A.inspiration B.viewC.potential D.example解析选D根据“Take uneatentuna（金枪鱼）inatin”可知,此处是指以未食用的罐头金枪鱼为例故选D
23.A.returned B.takenC.offered D.occupied解析:选B根据上文ucarrying rubbishhome”可知，此处是指把罐头盒带回家之前清洗干净故选B
24.A.time B.processC.right D.tool解析选A根据空格前后内容可知，此处指一些家长没有“时间”故选A
25.A.keeping B.dreamingC.stopping D.trying解析选D根据句中的but可知，前后是一种转折关系，指“试图”让更多的人来避免故选D
26.A.make B.doubtC.talk D.quarrel解析选C根据空后的“a lot,as educators,about thebad problemstheworld可知，此处指“谈论”世界面临的坏的问题故选C
27.A.solves B.showsC.faces D.follows解析选c由上题解析可知，此处指面临的问题
28.A.effect B.actionC.note D.advice解析选B固定短语take action“采取行动”故选B课时作业
（二）主题表达升格训练（限时40分钟）I.根据要求完成下列句子
1.（完成句子）When thepoliceman stoppedus,we alllooked questioninglyat him,nervous andpuzzled（紧张且困惑）.
2.（完成句子）This yearour companyhas publishedtwice aseany books aswe didlastyear（出版的书是去年的两倍）.3（完成句子）Parents shouldactivelyurge theirchildren to take advantageof（敦促孩子们利用）the opportunityto joinsportsteams.
4.（完成句子）Employees arepermitted「o use（被准许使用）the golfcourse duringtheirfree hours.
5.（完成句子）To livelife tothe fullest,we shouldlook onthe brightside anddevelop纯optimistic attitudeto/towards life（培养乐观的生活态度）.
6.（完成句子）Everyone knowsthat playingwith firecan burnyou orcause damagetoothers（对别人造成损害）.
7.（同义替换）Urban plannersin practicehave totake manyinterest groupsin societyinto account.-^Urban plannersin practicehave totakg accountof manyinterest groupsinsociety.
8.The ladyis devotedto her cause for many yearsand shehas made
7.present v.提出；颁发；展现；表达，介绍f presentationn.报告，（观点的）陈述，说明；展示会；演示；颁发
8.establish v.建立,设立f establishmentn.建立,仓U立
9.affect v.影响f effectn.影响；结果f affectionn.喜爱；钟爱
10.sustain v.维持（生命、生存）；使保持f sustainableadj.可持续的,不破坏环境的f sustainabilityn.耐久性；可持续性
11.reuse n.重新使用freusable力:可再度使用的，可多次使用的H
12.reduce v.减少，降低f reductionn.减少，降低
13.infect匕传染，使感染f infectionn.感染，传染病f infectiveadj.传染性的
14.lecture n.（尤指大学里的）讲座，讲课，演讲flecturer n.讲授者;讲师
15.permit v.允许n.许可证f permissionn.允许，许可
16.major3方.主要的，重要的v.主修f majority〃.多数，大多数（人或物）
17.electricity n.电一electric adj.电的；用电的f electricaladj.电的；发电的；与电学有关的
18.remove v.移走，搬走，去掉f removaln.移动；消除；搬迁f removablea力•.可去除的
19.urge v.竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促f urgencyn.紧迫；紧急的事f urgenta办:紧急的；迫切的f urgentlyad匕急迫地；紧急地
21.contribute v.促成，造成（某事发生）f contributionn.贡献，捐款IV.“归类串记”族群词汇
1.“灾难”名词集锦
①flood水灾，洪水
②catastrophe大灾难
③typhoon台风
④drought旱灾，干旱
⑤earthquake地震
⑥tsunami海啸
2.“情绪”形容词多变many contributions to society.（用分词短语作状语升级）-Devoted tohercauseformanyyears,the ladyhas mademany contributionstosociety.n.读后续写（2023•济南质检）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文Brownie andHarry wereneighbor dogsin Stowe,a beautifuland peacefultown inLamoi11e County,Vermont,the UnitedStates,who metevery dayto playtogether,runningafter eachother joyfully.Like pairsof dogsyou canfind inmost anyneighborhood,these twoloved eachother and played togetherso oftenthat theyhad worna paththroughthe grassofthefield between their respectivehouses.One evening,Brownies familynoticed thatBrownie hadn，t returnedhome asusual.They wentlooking forhim withno success.Brownie stilldidn，t showup thenext day,and,despite theireffortstofind him,by thenext weekhe wasstill missing.Curiously,the otherdog,Harry,showed upat Brownieshouse aloneone day.Hebarked,jumped andpestered（纠缠）Brownie shuman family,showing thathewasfilledwith anxiety.Busy withtheirownlives,the familyjust ignoredthe nervouslittleneighbor dogand decidedto letthe missingdog go.Harry refusedtotakeno”for ananswer.Ted,Brownies owner,was steadilydisturbedbytheangry,determined littledog.One morningHarry followedTed about,barking moreinsistently,then rushingtoward anearby empty lot andback,as ifto say,uFollow me,please!Its veryurgent!vEventually,Ted wentafter themad Harryacross theemptylotas Harrypaused toraceback andbark encouragingly.The littledog ledthe manunder atree,past sometreejungles,toalonely spota halfmile fromthe house.There Tedfound hisbelovedBrownie,andhewas alive,with oneofhisfront legsfalling intoa steeltrap.At thatmoment,Ted understoodthe strangebehavior ofHarry.Feeling regretful,Ted nowwished hehad takenHarrys earlierappeals seriously.However,Harry haddone morethan simplyled Brownieshuman owner to histrapped friend.Ted noticedsomething quiteremarkable beforehim andwas shockedthatthe amount oflovethatthedog hasfor hispartner couldbesooutstanding.注意
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答Paragraph1In acircle aroundthe injured dog,there were some remainsof meals.Paragraph2Brownie wassa vedand taken home by his owner Ted.参考范文Paragraph1Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,thereweresomeremainsofmeals.It turnedoutthat Harryhad beenvisiting Brownieregularly inorder to keep hisfriend alive.Every dayHarry tookhalf ofhis dogfood hereto Brownie.Harry triedhis bestto begtheownertoask formore leftoversand thenhe cameout withthe food.Each nightHarrystayed withBrownie toprotect himfrom othermeat-eating animals,leaning closetoBrownie tokeep himwarm andencourage himtokeephis spiritsup.Paragraph2Brownie wassaved andtakenhomebyhisownerTed.His frontleg wastreated byananimal surgeon.He wasattended socarefully andvery soonhe recovered.Every dayHarrycame tosee himandplayedwith himhappily.For manyyears thereafter,the twofamiliesstill watchedthe faithfulfriends havingfun andchasing eachother downthatwell-worn pathbetweentheirhouses.The twodogs notonly setup theirown friendshipbutalso madethe twofamilies harmoniousand closetogether.
①scared惊恐的；害怕的
⑤prohibit v.禁止
②terrified非常害怕的
③frightened害怕的
④confident自信的
⑤bored无聊的
⑥ashamed羞愧的
⑦excited兴奋的
⑧conf used迷惑的
3.“允许；禁止”须知
②allow v.允许
①permit v.允许
④ban v.n.禁止
③admit v.允许
⑥forbid v.禁止2II联想积词块
1.再认再现单元内词块
1.in fear处于恐惧中
2.be scaredof害怕……
3.due to由于，因为
4.cut off切断；中断；剪掉
6.see:・・as・.,把……看作……
7.th0“her waypound相反；相反
8.mistake・・.for.・.的情况
9.break down把……误认为……分解；出故障；（谈判等）失败
11.commonsense常识
13.call on呼吁，号召；拜访（某人）
2.“因为，由于”的相关短语due to由于，因为thanks to幸亏；由于becauseof因为owing to因为；由于in viewof由于；鉴于on accountof因为；由于3II熟背好句好段I.背好句------------句点亮篇
1.形容词短语作状语Some peoplestopped swimminginthesea,afraidofthe horriblecreature from教材原the film.句由于害怕遇上电影里描绘的这种可怕生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了
①（2021•新高考I卷写作）Shocked andproud,their mothersaid ina sweetwhisper,,Thanks,my kids.I reallyappreciate whatyou havedone forme!”推荐佳他们的母亲既震惊又骄傲，愉快地低声说道“谢谢，我的孩子们我真的很感激句你们为我所做的一切！”
②Devoted andunited,Chinese peopleare workingfora new China.中国人民团结一心，为建设新中国而奋斗
2.倍数表达法教However,making apaper baguses fourtimesasmuch energyas makinga plastic材bag andup tothree timestheamountof water.然而，生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的原四倍，耗水则多达三倍句推
①As longas youdevote twicemore timeand energythan youdid荐佳before,I believeyou aresure tomake greatprogress.只要你投入比以前多两句倍的时间和精力，我相信你一定会取得很大的进步
②（新教材北师大版选择性必修1佳句）They foundthat humanactivity iscausingspecies todie out1,000times fasterthan normal.他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度是正常灭亡速度的1000倍II.背好段一一细节见功夫形体描写之“面”After awhile,I feltsomething awakingme fromsleep.It waswarm breathhittingme rightintheface.I slowlyopened myeyes andsaw asweet—looking facecoveredin whiteand goldfur.Its pinknose wasbreathing onme,and itsbig,brown eyeswerelooking atme withlove.I smiledand said,“Hello,Fluffy.Suddenly myface wascoveredin dogkisses.I huggedhis neck,patted hishead,scratched hisbelly andlaughedas hecontinued toshower mewith hislove.过了一会儿，我感到有什么东西把我从睡梦中唤醒那是温暖的呼吸，扑面而来我慢慢睁开眼睛，看到一张甜美的脸，上面覆盖着白色和金色的毛发它粉红色的鼻子在嗅着我的身体，棕色的大眼睛带着爱看着我我笑着说“你好，毛毛”突然，它狂吻着我的脸伴随着它继续向我倾诉爱，我拥抱它的脖子，轻拍它的头，挠挠它的肚子，笑着［点评］本段中从“face,eyes,nose”等与面部相关的部位进行描述，形象地刻画了主人和宠物狗之间的温馨互动画面同时，作者也动用了触觉、视觉、嗅觉和听觉等各种感官进行生动地描写第1课时语言基础的全面盘查与重点词汇的深化学习［上循■基金面电4（明能稿复）I.单词拼写
1.（2022•新高考H卷）Fortunately（幸运地）for thosein midlife,Levine isfindingthat evenif youhavent beenan enthusiasticexerciser,getting inshape nowmay helpimproveyour agingheart.
2.（2022•全国甲卷）June8th wasofficially namedbytheUN in2009as WorldOceansDay,whose aimis toraise peoplesawarenessofprotecting oceans（海洋）.
3.（2022•全国乙卷）It iscalculated thatEuropean railwaysalone spendapproximately20billion eurosa yearon maintenance,including sendingmaintenancestaff（员工），often atnight,to inspectand repairthe railinfrastructure.
4.（2022•北京高考）0ne day,I attendeda presentation（报告）by wildlifeconservationistGrant Brownat myhigh school.
5.（2022•浙江1月高考）Yet properlyunderstood,the ageof electricity（电）is merelythe secondstage inthe ageof steam,which begana centuryearlier.
6.It takesalongtime torestore（使,恢复）nature onceit isdamaged.
7.My sistermet himatthecinema yesterdayafternoon,so hecouldnt haveattendedyour lecture（讲座）.
8.It reallyseemed agesbefore thepolice cameonthescene andcleared awaythedamaged（破损的）cars.
9.The campaign（活动）is designedto increasepublic awarenessoftheissues.n.单句语法填空
1.（2022•1匕京高考）We maynot have any diseasebut stillhaveaweak body,which isready tobe targeted（target）by viruses.
2.（2022•新高考I卷）Staff incare homeshave reporteda reduction（reduce）intheuseofmedicine wherehens arein use.
3..（2022•新高考I卷）It isten yearssince Talkand Talkwas established（establish）.
4.（2022•浙江1月高考）I feltso helplessand insecurebecause thequalityof mylife wayeffected affect.
5.2021•新高考I卷My parentsthought allof thiswasagrand ideaand calledBetsysdad withtheir permissionpermit.
6.2020唉国卷H Scientistsin Louisianaweresoconcerned concernthat theydecidedtopayhunters D|S5a tail.
7.Jackie hasbe一口devoted devoteto voluntarywork eversince hegraduatedfrom college.III.选词填空break down,havean effect on,cut off,due to,callon,in fear,the otherwayround,take...into account
1.Our watersupply hasbeen cutoff forthe pastweek.
2..Is itthe yearswhenyouworked inthe factorythat haveaneffecton yourliteraryworks
3.The littlegirl yelledinfearatthesight ofthe hugesnake.
4.rdappreciate itif youcould takemy suggestionsintoaccount.I dohope mytips willbe helpfulto you.
5.Though theprogram waswell designed,cooperation betweenthe twocompanieseventually brokedown becauseneither ofthem waswilling tomakeacompromise.
6.Due tothe applicationof thismedical technology,some diseasescan betreatedat theearly stage.
7..The governmentcalls onthe youthto donatetheir bloodvoluntarily.
8..Youd thinkyou werethe onewho didme thefavor,and notthe otherway round.IV.多维表达按要求完成句子1完成句子Not onlydoes shetreat usfriendly butalso sheteaches inahumorous way.她不但对我们很友好，而且还用一种很幽默的方式教学
2.完成句子She hurriedupthesteps,nervous andpale.她匆忙走上台阶，神情紧张，脸色苍白
3.完成句子Everything takenintoaccount,we wouldnthave madethismistake.如果把一切都考虑进去，我们就不会犯这个错误了
4.完成句子Different teachersmake differentcontributionstoa studentsgrowth.不同的教师在学生的成长过程中做着不同的贡献
5.（一句多译）我们学校最近修建了一个新体育馆，它是原来的两倍大
①Our schoolhas builta newstadium recently,which istwice旦号[argg asthe previous one.largeOur schoolhas builta newstadium recently,which istwiclarger[han theprevious one.larger
③Our schoolhas builtanewstadium recently,which istwicethesizeofthepreviousone.size/--------变难保化学灯（攻穗狗父）1scare v.使（某人）惊恐，吓唬.1scare sb.into doingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事scare sb.to death使某人大受惊吓/吓得要死scare..away/off把……吓跑2scaredadj.害怕的，恐惧的，担心的be scaredof sb./sth.害怕某人或某物be scaredof doingsth.=be scaredtodosth.害怕做某事3scaryadj.令人害怕的；吓人的［演绎法练通］（单句语法填空/完成句子）
①Seeing manycars goingup anddown thestreet,the boyswere scaredtocross crossthestreet.。
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