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考点完形填空43完形填空之生活常识（核心考点精讲精练）考点生活常识43考点生活常识1人文情怀考点文化背景2考情探究两年真题考点分布
1.7点题缸、生活常识和文化背景试卷类型完形填空考点＞新高考全国卷生活常识2023I2023*新高考全国I卷
47.D.bent down生活常识2023・新高考全国I卷
54.C meet生活常识202023*新高考全国n卷
51.D
52.A生活常识22023年1月•浙江卷
46.B.lit生活常识3全国甲卷生活常识2023*全国甲卷生活常识完形填空2023*2023*全国乙卷
42.B
43.A生活常识2023*全国乙卷
48.D
49.A生活常识2022•新高考I卷
32.D.helplessly生活常识22022•新高考I卷
29.A.wind生活常识02022•新高考全国n C.vacation生活常识22022•新高考全国II D.absence生活常识22022•全国高考甲卷C.companionship生活常识命题规律及备考策略
2.【命题规律】两年高考卷对于完形填空中生活常识和文化背景考查了次主要考查:生活常识和文化背景14【备考策略】系统归类生活常识和文化背景的知识；熟练掌握完形填空技能【命题预测】完形填空是高考英语中的必考题型，完形填空中的生活常识和文化背景也必然会出现在年的高考中2024【•新高考卷】
7.2022I The29picked upand thunderrolled.
29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed考查名词词义辨析句意狂风大作，雷声隆隆风；噪音；温度；速度
29.A A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed根据上文可推知,此处指大风刮了起来故选“storms movein fastin themountains”A【•新高考全国
8.2022II]Like manyyoung people,Jessica wantsto travelthe globe.Unlike mostof them,this25-year-old isdoingit full-time.She andher husbandhave spentthe lasttwo yearstraveling theworld,stopping everywherefrom Paristo Singapore.Itmight soundlike onelong,expensive22,but thecouple hasan unusualway tomake theirtravelaffordable.
22.A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure考查名词词义辨析句意这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行
22.负担得起游戏;服务;假期;手续结合上文可知在环球旅行，所以是A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure Jessica假期故选C【提示】岁进行为期年的旅行，根据常识应该是度假不然岁的年轻人要工作25225•新高考全国
9.12022II]Theyre part of a new formof thesharing economy:an onlinegroup ofhouse sitters.Throughout theirno-cost staysin strangers9homes,they feed pets and water plants in the homeowners
26.
26.A.favor B.defense C.honor D.absence考查名词词义辨析句意在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水
26.A.帮助；防御；荣誉；缺席根据上文favor B.defense C.honor D.absence“they feedpets andwater plantsin thehomeowners”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水故选D【提示】根据常识，只有主人不在家时，才能给他们浇花、为宠物故选absence•全国甲卷】
10.[2022For manyyears,I enjoyedliving withmy dogs,Tilly andChance.Their41was nearlyenough tokeep mylonelinessat bay.
41.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独所有权；会员；陪伴；
42.C A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership领导根据上文中的多年来，我喜欢和我的狗和“For manyyears,I enjoyedliving withmy dogs,Tilly andChance.Tilly Chance生活在一起，可知，狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独故选C【提示】养狗作伴远离孤独是常识【•全国新高考卷】
11.2021I Mylife asa tax-paying employedperson beganin middleschool,when,for threewhole days,Iworked in a bakingfactory.My bestfriend Betsysfather wasa managerat HoughBakeries,which,at Eastertime,made little（兔子）bunny cakesfor allits42throughout Cleveland.
43.A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意我最好的朋友的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为Betsy克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕商店；家庭；学校；市民根据A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens“throughout结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕故选Cleveland”A【•全国新高考卷】
12.2021I Dad53,The sonof agrocer,hed spentthe summersof hischildhood deliveringfood inBenardsville,New Jersey.This wasthe sortof workthat madeyou appreciate the dollars you earnedand respectthose whodid the
53.A.cried B.smiled C,hesitated D.refusedwork,he toldme.【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意父亲笑了哭了；微笑；犹豫；拒绝彳A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused艮据“The sonof agrocer,hed spentthe summersof hischildhood deliveringfood inBernardsville,New Jersey.This wasthe sort结合生活常识，可知of workthat madeyou appreciatethe dollarsyou earnedand respectthose whodid thework,he toldme.”父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了故选Bo•全国新高考卷
13.[2021I1This wasthe sortof workthat madeyou55the dollarsyou earnedand respectthose whodid thework,he toldme.
55.A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人A.撤退；捐赠；收到；欣赏根据结合生活常识，可知孩withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciatethedollarsyouearned”子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬故选Do【•英语全国1+1卷】
14.2021Its theseaside birdsthat deserveat leastpart of the blamefor gettingNick Burchillblacklisted at theFairmont EmpressHotel inVictoria,Canada.Burchill was21at thehotel onbusiness andplanning tovisit somefriends in the area.
21.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友研Burchill A.studying究；停留；看；包装根据B.staying C.looking D.packing Burchillwas21at thehotel onbusiness andplanning tovisit some及生活常识可知出差住在酒店，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李故选friends in the area.”BurchillD【•英语全国甲卷】
15.2021The seagullsimmediately wentwild.They rushed to thewindow,30or40birds alltrying to_33at thesametime,and pepperoni-everywhere.The curtainswere fallingdown,the lampswere fallingdown,It wasa realmess.
33.A.wake upB.get outC.take offD.break in【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析句意它们冲到窗口，或只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠醒3040A.wake up来；出去；起飞；闯入根据及生活常识可知,鸟看到人类很B.get outC.take offD.break inThey rushedto thewindow”害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去故选B【•英语全国甲卷】（莽撞）.
16.2021Older andwiser now,Burchill chalkedup theincident to youthful indiscretion“I havematured and I admitresponsibility of my actionsJ hesaid in the letter.I cometoyou,37,toapologize for the-damage I had indirectlycaused and to askyou toreconsider mylifetime banfrom thehotel.”
37.A.hands inpocket B.nose in the airC,hat inhand D.feet on the ground【答案】C【解析】考查固定短语辨析句意我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定手放在口袋里；•目中无人；毕恭毕敬地；A.hands inpocketB.nose in the airC.hat inhand D.feet onthe脚踏实地根据ground toapologize for the-damage I had indirectlycaused andto askyou toreconsider mylifetime banfrom the及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地故选hotel.”C年月）折江高考】
17.[20211But onthe lastnight we were caughtin athunderstorm.I wokeup atmidnight tofind aswimmingpool inmy tent.The temperaturewas closeto31Ihad to spendthe restof thenight tremblingintheonly drypartof my tent.
31.A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing【答案】D【解析】考查形容词短语辨析句意温度接近零度煮沸的的；平均的；正常的；A.boiling B.average C.normal D.freezing冰冻的根据下文得知温度很低故选“trembling”D•海南卷]（火焰）
18.[2020Pulling upto thebuilding,Grant sawflames shootingout of a second-floor window.Not seeingorhearing anyfire enginesapproaching Grantrushedtoa sideentrance andran upthe stairs.On thesecond floor,he45every apartmentdoor.nGet out!1Grant shouted,No oneresponded andhe assumedthat peoplehadalready escaped.
45.A.locked B.kicked C.counted D.repaired【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门锁；踢；计算；A.locked B.kicked C.counted D.repaired修根据上文可知，大楼着火了格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合题意，是为了看里面是否有人故选B【•山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国卷）】
19.2020I The solution,of course,was toplant treesso theanimals couldseek shelterduringthe daytime.He turnedto the29department forhelp butwas toldthat nothingwould growthere.
29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance【答案】c【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长劳动；警察；A.labor B.police C.forest森林；财政，金融根据前一句中的可知，想要种树，所以他D.finance‘Thesolution,of course,was toplant trees”Molai应该向“森林”部门求助故选C•浙江卷】
20.12020Lamb andmother reunited,I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.This wassounexpected becauseIhadput thehandbrake onwhen Ijumped out.Obviously Donhad somehowmade the42move.
42.A.lamb B.vehicle C.seat D.fence【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意:显然，以某种方式使车子动了起来小羊；车辆；座位；Don A.lamb B.vehicle C.seat栅栏根据可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看D.fence Iturnedbackto thetractoronlyto seeitmovesuddenlyawayfromme.见它突然离开了我所以这里指的是开走了我的车故选Don B考点梳理【2024年高考命题预测】完形填空生活常识和文化背景考点是高考中的重要考点生活常识和文化背景考点是完形填空的重要命题手段，每年高考都考预测在高考中，生活常识和文化背景可能会在完形填空试题中呈现2024【完形填空生活常识和文化背景考点指南】规律方法完形填空技巧之生活常识和文化背景跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题【总结方法】生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择酉考虑文化背景.I联系生活常识一II凹结合语境，做出合乎情理的判断I典例引领【典例1]（2023・新高考全国I卷•节选）Her42came becauseshe wascarrying acompetitor acrossthe finish line.（）
42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse根据上文和本应该更早完成比赛,她的延
42.A“Melanie Baileyshould have...the courseearlier thanshe did.Melanie Bailey迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手到达终点线故选延误;机会;麻烦；借口Ao delaychance troubleexcuse【提醒】根据常识背着一名竞争对手到达终点线，应该会延迟到达终点的时间【典例（新高考全国卷•节选）2]2023*IBailey tookher armto seeif shecould walkforward with aid.She couldnt.Bailey then47to let Lenoue climb onto her back andcarriedher allthe way to the finish line,then another300feet towhere Lenouecould getmedical attention.（）
47.A.went awayB.stood upC.stepped asideD.bent down根据下文可知,弯下腰，让爬到她的背上故选离开；
47.D”...letLenoue climbonto herback..Bailey LenoueDo goaway站起来；叩让位；弯腰stand upst asidebend down【提醒】根据常识自然是弯下腰，让爬到她的背上Lenoue【典例（新高考全国卷•节选）3]2023*I Although the two young women were strangers before the54,theyve sincebecomefriends.（）
54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show根据第——段可
54.C hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race....the twoyoung womenwere strangersbefore the...”知，句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”故选短途旅程;测试；体育比赛；C ridetest meet节目show【提醒】根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人【典例4]（2023*新高考全国II卷・节选）After some goodbyes,I askedGeorge andhis wifeto helpme51Tiffyinto the plane.I promisedto takecare ofTiffy and52them assoon aswe gotto KansasCity.（）
51.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load（）
52.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve作者请求乔治和他的妻子帮助自己将装上飞机喂养;跟随;改变;装上故选项【提
51.D Tiffyfeed followchange load D醒】因为文中有根据常识自然是把小狗装到飞机上the plane,Tiffy根据常识可知，将狗运到弗吉尼亚州后，作者会打电话给他们打电话;参加；离开;服务故选
52.A calljoin leaveserve项A【典例（年月•浙江卷•节选）5]20231Ziyad beganpreparations.He gatheredhandfuls ofdamp treeleaves,（火把）.wrapped themwith string,and46the bunchto create a torch
46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated考查动词词义辨析句意他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把摇
46.A.shook晃;点燃；点亮；测量；装饰根据后文〃可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆B.lit C.measured D.decorated to createa torch扎的树叶当火把故选项B【提醒】根据常识，只有点燃那捆树叶才能当火把故用lito【典例6】（2023•全国甲卷•节选）But whenwe lookedatthetomatoes,wewereworried becausethey wereso misshapen:not（标签）at alllike thenice,round,47things youget ina supermarket.And thewine wascloudy,inafunny oldbottle withno labelonit.（）
47.A.simple B.real C.shiny D.fun根据常识可知，从超市买的西红柿色泽鲜亮简单的;真实的;发亮的，有光泽的;有趣的故选
47.C simplereal shinyfunC【典例7】（2023•全国甲卷•节选）Its asurprise theyhavent managedto growsquare onesso thatthey can56them easily.Marios winemay havebeen cloudyand comeout ofan oldbottle,but itwas perfect.（）
56.A.clean B.check C.count D.pack根据常识可知，种植形态规整的西红柿是为了好打包装箱打扫;核对;计算;打包,装箱
56.D cleancheck countpack故选Do【典例8】（2023・全国乙卷•节选）To becomethe Olympicchampion inthe individual个人）all-around event,GabbyDouglas hadto leave everything sheknew best.She hadto42her bedroomin Virginia.She hadto say43to hertwo dogsandtothebeach,where sheloved toride waveson herboard.（）
42.A.take upB.pack upC.clean upD.do up（）
43.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no根据空前句”...可知,要离开，因此需要把卧室的东
42.B Gabby Douglas hadto leaveeverything she...best.”Gabby Douglas西打包占据;把打包;清理,打扫；修缮故选项take uppack upclean updo upB根据空前句可知,要离开，因此需要对她的狗和海滩
43.A.Gabby Douglashadtoleaveeverythingshe…best.”GabbyDouglas说再见意为“对说再见”故选项say goodbyeto A【提醒】根据常识，要离开熟悉的一切，自然就要打包房间里的东西，向两只狗狗告别Douglas【典例9】（2023・全国乙卷•节选）Even at14,Douglas knewthat.So shego offabout1,200miles awayfrom home,to48_with acoach fromChina.She livedwith afamily shehad never49and everythingwas newtoher.（）
48.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train（）
49.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed根据空后可知,要和一位来自中国的教练训练推理；谈话;
48.D acoach fromChina GabbyDouglas reasontalk compete参加比赛,竞争;训练故选项train D
49.A根据空后“・・・everythingwas newtoher.”可知,她要和一个她从来没有见过的家庭生活meet遇见；help帮助;理解;需要故选项understand needA【提醒】根据常识，既然是一位来自中国的教练，那自然就是训练一切对她来说都是新的，当然也包括未见到的人即时检测（•全国甲卷•节选）
1.2021As hewas45that itwould betoo warm,he
46.1aid itout onthe tablenear anopen window.
45.A.surprised B.pleasedC.excited D.worried【解析】本题可以根据生活常识解题根据可知，he46,laid itout onthe tablenear anopen window他担心辣香肠会太热，所以把它放在靠近一扇敞开着的窗户的桌子上故选D•新高考卷】、
2.[2022I We were stuck inthe middle of the lake witha dead motor.As weall satthere32a（拖）fisherman pulledup,threw usa ropeand towedus back.We weresafe.
32.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly考查副词词义辨析句意当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来
32.D耐心地;不知疲倦地；怀疑地;无助地根据上文A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly“We werestuck inthe middle.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着故选of thelake witha deadmotor D
3.【2022・新高考I卷】The29picked upand thunderrolled.
29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed考查名词词义辨析句意狂风大作，雷声隆隆风；噪音；温度；速度
29.A A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed根据上文可推知，此处指大风刮了起来故选“storms movein fastinthemountains”A【•新高考全国
4.2022II]Like manyyoung people,Jessica wantsto travelthe globe.Unlike mostof them,this25-year-old isdoingit full-time.She andher husbandhave spentthe lasttwo yearstraveling theworld,stopping everywherefrom Paristo Singapore.Itmight soundlike onelong,expensive22,but thecouple hasan unusualwaytomake theirtravelaffordable.
22.A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure考查名词词义辨析句意这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负
22.担得起游戏；服务；假期;手续结合上文可知在环球旅行，所以是A.game B.service C.vacation D.procedure Jessica假期故选C【提示】岁进行为期年的旅行，根据常识应该是度假不然岁的年轻人要工作25225•新高考全国
5.12022II]Theyre partofa new formof thesharing economy:an onlinegroup ofhouse sitters.Throughout theirno-cost staysin strangers9homes,they feedpets andwater plantsinthehomeowners
26.
26.A.favor B.defense C.honor D.absence考查名词词义辨析句意在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水
26.A.帮助；防御；荣誉；缺席根据上文favor B.defense C.honor D.absence theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner1”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水故选D【提示】根据常识，只有主人不在家时，才能给他们浇花、为宠物故选absence【•全国甲卷】
5.2022For manyyears,I enjoyedliving withmy dogs,Tilly andChance.Their41was nearlyenough tokeep mylonelinessat bay.
41.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独所有权；会员；陪伴；
41.C A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership领导根据上文中的多年来，我喜欢和我的狗和“For manyyears,I enjoyedliving withmy dogs,Tilly andChance.Tilly Chance生活在一起，可知，狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独故选C【提示】养狗作伴远离孤独是常识好题冲关基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）微型完形填空届浙江省诸暨市高二月诊断性考试】
1.[20235When theresearchers walkedaround campuswithout masks,the crowsthey had（责骂）caught andbanded didntreact tothem.But whenthe26humans walkedby whilewearing themasks,the crowsscoldedloudly anddived attheir“enemies”.The birdshad rememberedtheir faces!
26.A.friendly B.unkind C.different D.same考查形容词词义辨析句意但是，当同一批人戴着面具走过时，乌鸦们大声斥责，并向它们的“敌人”俯冲下去
26.友好的；不友善的；不同的；同样的由下文A.friendly B.unkind C.different D.same“humans walkedby while和常识可知，为了保证实验的可信性，应是同一批人戴着面具走过，故选wearing themasks”D届浙江名校联盟高三第三次联考】
2.[2023Z20But thingstook anunexpected turnwhen helearned thathis wife,Ann Rice,was（）（慢性的）struggling tobreathe.She hadanhistory ofchronic lungdisease andhad beenon aventilator for3years.The nursingfacilitywhere shelived was27miles fromRobert,and doctorsbelieved shecould dieas carbondioxide46in herlungs.考查动词词义辨析句意她住的护理机构距离罗伯特英里，医
46.A.accumulated B.formed C.circulated D.melted
46.27生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡积累;形成;循环,传播；A.accumulated B.formed C.circulated D.melted融化结合常识可以,呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡故选A.【浙江省十校联盟学年高三第三次联考】32022-2023Misty Copelandspends mostdays twisting,spinning andleaping.Shepractices and42the gracefulmovements ofher art.When she isnt performingshe ispracticing.When she isnt practicing,she isstretching.She takesclasses almostevery day.
42.A.perfects B.conquers C.examines D.describes考查动词词义辨析句意她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作完善；征服；检查；
42.A.perfects B.conquers C.examines描述根据下文D.describes“When sheisnt performingsheispracticing.When sheisnt practicing,sheisstretching.She takes及常识可知，不断地练习，是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作故选A【浙江省北classes almostevery day.”Misty Copeland
4.斗星盟学年高三上学期月联考】2022-202312On Sunday,Schoonbroodt,a71-year-old fromMaastricht,ran amarathon.In a412hr54mins and19secs,he becamethe（同龄人）fastest person of his age in history.At anage whenmany ofhis contemporariesare42down,Jo Schoonbroodt is43speeding up.It turnedout thatSchoonbroodt^new70+world record,was44by anunlikely source:the Belgiansinger Eddy
41.A.promising B・frightening C.disappointing D.surprising
42.A.winding B.jumping C.looking D.handing
43.A.also B・nearly C.then D・somehow
44.A.inspired B・puzzled C.shocked D.amused
45.A.running B.waiting C.remaining D.starting
46.A.heavier B-faster C・tighter D.lighterWally.With afew miles45his legswere startingto get46考查形容词词义辨析句意在令人惊讶的小时分秒内，他成为了历史上他这个年龄段跑得最快的人
41.25419有希望的；令人害怕的；令人失望的；令人惊讶的根据A.promising B.frightening C.disappointing D.surprising“he became可知,多岁的老人在小时分秒内跑完马拉松，是令人惊讶的故选the fastestpersonofhisagein history.”7025419D
42.考查动词词义辨析句意在许多同龄人都已越走越慢，乔・施洪布鲁特却在不知何故地加速前进A.winding蜿蜒；跳；递交放松；慢下来根据可知，许多同B.jumping C.looking D.handing winddown JoSchoonbroodtis3speeding up.”龄人都已越走越慢故选A
43.考查副词词义辨析句意在许多同龄人都已越走越慢，乔・施洪布鲁特却在不知何故地加速前进A.also也;几乎；然而；以某种方式；不知怎么地（同龄人）B.nearly C.then D.somehow anage whenmany ofhis contemporariesare2down,”可知，同龄人越走越慢，乔・施洪布鲁特却不知怎么地在加速前进故选D
45.A.running B.waiting C.remaining余；开始根据.”可知，比赛结束还剩最后几英里故选D.starting“his legswere startingto get6C考查形容词比较级词义辨析句意还剩几英里时，他的腿开始变得更沉了更重的；更快的；
46.A.heavier B.faster C更紧的；更轻的根据汕和常识可知，马拉松最后，腿越来越重tighter D.lighter“W afew miles5J故选Ao47【浙江省普通高中2022-2023学年高三12月尖子生深研模拟
（一））The potentialmessage theseposts sendis that if youeatlike them,then youcan eventuallylook likethem.Yet what someone elseeats ina daydoesnt meanits rightfbr you,since these24videos arenot acompletely accuraterepresentation ofwhat someonetypically eats.
24.A.modern B.staged C.educational D.alternative考查形容词词义辨析句意然而，别人一天吃什么并不意味着它就适合你，因为这些“筹划的”的视频并不能完
24.全准确地反映一个人通常吃什么现代的；组织的，筹划的；教育的；可A.modern B.staged C.educational D.alternative选择的结合常识和句中可知，抖音上发布视频是“not acompletely accuraterepresentation ofwhatsomeonetypically eats.o经过筹划的，并不能真实准确地反应真实情况故选项B【辽宁省葫芦岛市协作校高三上学期第一次考试】25When Itried todownload theolderversion again,it wouldntwork.Then therewere thedifficulties oftransferring allofmyold storiesthat Ihad25on aUSBdrive.
25.A.hired B.cleaned C.rejected D.saved【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意然后，把我保存在驱动器上的所有旧故事转移到电脑上也很困难雇USB A.hired佣；打扫；拒绝；保存由下文的和常识可知，驱动器是用来保存资B.cleaned C.rejected D.saved“on aUSB drive”USB料信息的故选项D.【河北省保定市高三上学期摸底】6But insteadof letingthe mango,she insistthatifhis billwasnt goingto bepaid infull,theelectricity companywould probablygive a29on nextelectricity billfortheunpaid fee.It meanthe wouldpay morethe nexttime.
29.A.call B.fine C.discount D.favour【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意但她并没有放他走，而是坚持说，如果他家的电费不能全部被付清，电力公司可能会针对未支付的费用，在他的下一次电费账单上罚款呼叫；罚款；折扣；偏爱、赞A.call B.fine C.discount D.favour同、善行根据上一题内容并结合生活常识可知，女士表示如果不付清电费，将会被罚款故选项B.【河北省保定市高三上学期期末】7Brandon invitedChu tojoin themfor dinner,but heneeded toget back.Chu alsowouldnt（）accept any34from them.“It wasanhonor to help fulfilltheir wishes.Chu says.
34.A.congratulation B.proposal C.generosity D.money【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意当然,也不会收他们的钱祝贺,庆贺；建议;Chu A.congratulation B.proposal慷慨；钱根据常识可知，是开餐馆的，通常给别人做菜后，别人应该要付钱，但不会收C.generosity D.money ChuChu他们的钱，故选D.【湖北省武汉市武昌区高三上学期月质量检测】81My interviewswith allthose famouspeople aresignificant tome,but anotherpersonal interviewmeant evenmore.（兄弟姐妹），I regrettednot learningmore aboutthe childhoodofmyparents andtheir siblingsso afew years ago,Iinterviewed myonly livinguncle,80-year-old UncleJoe.He satinhisliving roomchair,andI23my equipment,asking questionslikeWhat wasit likegrowing upintheGreat Depressionand Whatdid youdo fbrfun asa boy”
23.A.gave awayB.took awayC.set upD.packed up【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析％句意他坐在客厅的椅子上，我摆好了设备，问了一些问题，比如“在大萧条中长大是什么感觉？”还有“你小时候做了什么好玩的事？赠送，泄露；带走；建立，搭A.gave awayB.took awayC.set up建；打包结合常识和可知，采访需要摆好（搭建）设备故选D.packed up“my equipment”C【江西省吉安市高三上学期期末】
9.A planewas flyingsomewhere tocut anabandoned oilpipeline,The pilotDowns21eightemployees ofthe oilcompany anda mannamed Elioton board.
21.A.hired B.visited C.carried D.telephoned【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意飞机上有飞行员、八名石油公司员工和一名名叫的男子雇佣;Downs EliotA.hired B.拜访,参观；携带,拿；打电话根据常识，飞机上应该是载有多少乘客,这里的理解visited C.carried D.telephoned carry为“载有”故选项C届江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期月阶段检测】
10.[2022515yearsago,when Iwas playingbasketball inone ofAustralias premierbasketball leagues,I remembera sportspsychologist（自我价值感），we hadfortheseason.As youngprofessional athleteswith highegos theteam werenot quiteconvinced thetechniquesof psychologywould improveperformance,especially whenit didntinvolve usingthe physicalstrength andenduranceneeded to22the weeksof trainingand games.I,ontheother hand,was interested.
22.A.compensate forB.prepare forC.tough outD.show up考查动词短语辨析句意作为一群年轻又自视甚高的职业运动员，大家都不太相信心理技术可以提高成绩,特别是
22.当它不需要动用身体力量和耐力来挺过数周的训练和比赛时补偿；为A.compensate forB.prepare for准备；挺过去，生活艰难；露面根据常识可知，日复一日的训练和打比赛需要强大的体力和耐C.tough outD.showup力才能支撑下来，然而文中的心理学家让这些队员们使用心理学的办法来应对意为“勇敢地承受，挺过去”，tough out符合语境故选C真题感知（新高考全国卷•节选）
1.2023*IHer42came becauseshe wascarrying acompetitor acrossthefinishline.（）
42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse根据上文和本应该更早完成比赛,她的延
42.A“Melanie Baileyshould have...the courseearlier thanshe did.”Melanie Bailey迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手到达终点线故选延误;机会;麻烦；借口Ao delaychance troubleexcuse【提醒】根据常识背着一名竞争对手到达终点线，应该会延迟到达终点的时间（新高考全国卷•节选）
2.2023*IBailey tookher armtoseeif shecould walkforward withaid.She couldnt.Bailey then47to letLenoue climbonto herback andcarriedher allthe waytothefinishline,then another300feet towhere Lenouecould getmedical attention.（）
47.A.went awayB.stood upC.stepped asideD.bent down根据下文”…可知,弯下腰，让爬到她的背上故选离开；
47.D letLenoueclimbonto herback…”Bailey LenoueD goaway站起来；让位;弯腰stand upstep asidebend down【提醒】根据常识自然是弯下腰，让爬到她的背上Lenoue
3.（2023・新高考全国I卷•节选）Althoughthe twoyoung womenwere strangersbefore the54,theyve sincebecome friends.（）
54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show根据第——段.”及空前的“…
54.C.hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-country race..thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangers”可知，句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，故选短途旅程;测试；beforethe…C ridetest体育比赛；节目meet show【提醒】根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人（新高考全国卷•节选）
4.2023*II Aftersomegoodbyes,I askedGeorge andhis wifetohelpme51Tiffy intothe plane.I promisedto takecare ofTiffy and52them assoon aswe gotto KansasCity.（）
51.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load（）
52.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve作者请求乔治和他的妻子帮助自己将装上飞机喂养;跟随;改变;装上故选项【提
51.D Tiffyfeed followchange10adD醒】因为文中有根据常识自然是把小狗装到飞机上theplane,Tiffy根据常识可知，将狗运到弗吉尼亚州后，作者会打电话给他们打电话;参加；离开;服务故选
52.A calljoin leaveserve项A（年月•浙江卷•节选）
5.20231Ziyad beganpreparations.He gatheredhandfuls ofdamp treeleaves,wrapped themwith string,（火把）.and46the bunchto createa torch
46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated考查动词词义辨析句意他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把摇
46.A.shook晃；点燃；点亮；测量;装饰根据后文可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆B.lit C.measured D.decorated“tocreateatorch”扎的树叶当火把故选项B【提醒】根据常识，只有点燃那捆树叶才能当火把故用lito
6.【2022・新高考I卷】We werestuck inthe middleofthelake witha deadmotor.As weall satthere
32.、a（拖）fisherman pulledup,threw usa ropeand towedus back.We weresafe.
32.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly考查副词词义辨析句意当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来
32.D耐心地；不知疲倦地;怀疑地;无助地根据上文A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly“Wewerestuckinthemiddle可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着故选ofthelakewithadeadmotor.”D。
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