考点34 阅读理解推理判断之引申推断（核心考点精讲精练）备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（学生版）

one home.Brandys patient,gentle spiritshowed methat youcan9t judgea bookby itscover—or adog by its reputation.By openingmymind,I learnedthe truthabout her.Tm sothankful forBrandy and the wayshe touchedour lives,and thelessons shetaught me.

7.What lessondid the author drawfrom herexperienceA.Rescued animalsare asource of adoption.B.Treating animalswith respectis rewarding.C.Dogs can be trainedto behuman companions.D.Dont judgethings by the fameor impression.好题冲关基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）【届福建省龙岩第一中学高考第三次校模拟】

1.2023One schoolnight thismonth Iquietly approachedAlexander,my15-year-old son,and pattedhim on the cheekin a manner I（偷hoped wouldseem casual.Alex knewbetter,sensing by my touch,which remainedjust a moment toolong,that I was sneaking偷地做）a touchof thebeard thathad begunto grownear hisears.Suddenly hewent stormilyto hiscomputer screen.That,and anangrylook of his eyes,told memore forcefullythan words:Mom,you areseen through!I realizedI committeda sillybehavior:not showingrespect fbrmy teenagerspersonal space.The averageteenager hasstrongfeelings abouthis privacy,“said twoyoung womenexperts.Ms.Frankel andMs.Fox,both17,are the authors ofBreaking theCode,a newbook thatseeks tobridge thegenerational dividebetween parents and adolescents.It is being promotedbyitspublisher as thefirst self-help guideby teenagersfor theirparents,a kind of Kids Are From Mars,Parents AreFrom Venusthat de-mystifies thelanguage and actionsof teenagers.Personally,I welcomedinsights intoteenagers from any qualifiedexperts,and that included the authors.The mostcommonmissteps ininteracting withteenagers,they instructedme,result from the conflictbetween parentsmaintaining theirright to knowwhat goeson undertheir roof and teenagersstriving toguard their privacy.When a child isyounger,they write,every decisioncentersaround the parents.But now,as Ms.Fox told me,often yourteenager isin thiscircle thatdoesnt includeyou.”Ms.Fox andMs.Frankel acknowledgethat teenagerscan bequick tointerpret theirparents9remarks asnegative orauthoritativeand respondwith aggressivenessthat masks their defenselessness.What we want aboveall isyour approvalJ theywrite.Dont forget,no matterhow muchwe actas ifwe dontcare whatyou say,we believethe thingsyou say about us.”

4.In the second paragraph,KidsAreFromMars,Parents AreFrom Venusis mentionedbecause.A.it disapprovesof opinionsin Breaking the CodeB,it sharesthe sametheme withBreaking theCodeC・it employsthe samelanguage styleas Breakingthe CodeD.it ranksright afterBreakingtheCode amongself-help guides

5.With theirbook,Ms.Frankel andMs.Fox.A.declare teenagers9rights B.remind parentsof teenagers5misstepsC.help parentsknow teenagersbetter D.arouse muchdisagreement from the public

6.What oftenleads toconflicts betweenparents and teenagers basedon thepassage A.Teenagers5defense of theirprivacy.B,Parents9striving toinstruct teenagers.C.Teenagers9refusal to follow experts5advice.D.Parents9dislike inteenagers9attitudes tolife.

7.What can be learned from the last paragraphA.Teenagers alwaysrush tojudgement onothers.B,Parents oftenseek to create anauthoritative image.C.Parents9opinions aboutteenagers mattermuch to them.D.Teenagers featuregood comprehension and defenselessness.【届广东省部分学校高三月联合考试模拟预测】

2.20235Some of the worldslargest telescopesare listeningfor signals from distantalien civilizations.The searchis aneffort to findartificial-looking signalsthat mighthave come from atechnologically advancedcivilization in a far-away solarsystem.（夕卜星球的）It is a newtime for the searchfor extraterrestrialintelligence research,known asSETI,which isopening upthanksto machine-learning technology.The problemof big data isrelatively newfor SETLFor decades,the fieldhad beenlimitedby havinghardly anydata at all.Astronomer FrankD.Drake pioneeredSETI in1960,when hepointed atelescope towardstwo starsand listened forradio transmissions.Most of the SETIsearches thatfollowed werealso limitedto asmall number of stars.But in2015,the biggestSETI programmeever inCalifornia:the Breakthrough Listen projectsearched onemillion starsforsigns ofintelligent life.The projectlooks forradio emissionsthat come from thedirection of a star.The troubleis that these searchesget a lot of data-including falsepositives frommobile phones,GPS and other aspectsofmodem life.The biggestchallenge fbrus inlooking forSETI signalsis notat thispoint gettingthe dataJ saysSofia Z.Sheikh,anastronomer at the SETIInstitute.The difficultpart is to distinguishsignalsfromhuman orEarth technologyfrom thekindofsignalswed belooking fbrfrom technologysomewhere elseout in the Galaxy.（手动地）Going throughmillions ofresults ofobservation manuallyisnt practical.A common approach isto usealgorithms（算法）.Machine-learning algorithmsare trainedon largeamounts of data andcan learnto recognizefeatures that are characteristicofearthly interference.“Still,SETI willprobably continue to usea mixtureof classicaland machine-learning approachesto sortthrough dataJ saysJean-Luc Margot,a professor at UCLA.Classical algorithmsremain excellentat picking up signals,and machine-learning cannotsolve all the problemsof particularsituations.”

8.What hadlimited SETIfor decadesA.Artificial-looking signals.B.Machine-learning technology.C.Being shortofdata.D.Dealing with bigdata.

9.What can we knowabout SETIbefore theBreakthroughListenprojectA.It onlysearched a few stars.B.It foundsigns ofintelligent life.C.It storeda largenumber ofsigns.D.It searchedfalse datafrom manystars.

10.Why aremachine-learning algorithmsused to deal withdataA.It isskilled inpickingupsignals.B.It candecrease earthlyinterference.C.Its unnecessaryto employmany people to do the job.D.It canrecognize signalsfrom Earthefficiently.

11.What canwe inferfrom Jean-Luc MargofswordsA.Scientists willabandon classicalalgorithms.B.Its ahard jobto sortthrough ahuge amount ofdata.C.Machine-learning willreplace classicalapproaches.D.Classical algorithmswill continue to be adopted.届河北省高三适应性考试】

3.[2023Kelsie Dolinggrandmother alwaysencouraged her to try new things,often pushingher out of her comfort zone.One waythather grandmothertried topush her out of her comfort zone wasby encouragingher to sing more,especially inpublic.Kelsie gaveit ashot,but itdidnt turnout likeshed hoped.Kelsie couldnthelp butnotice theunusual numberof AmericanIdol advertisementsshed come across thatwere madeto get（试镜）.peopleto audition Finally,it reacheda point where she took it as asign for her to take anotherchance onsinging.This was a big change for the shy,down-to-earth youngwoman who was only18at thetime.As someonewho grew up inBooneCounty,West Virginiaand hadnever beenon a plane beforejust gettingto theaudition wouldmean experiencinga lot offirsts.But onceher planeride wasover,it wastime for her tostep outof hercomfortzone in a major way:Not onlywas sheabout toperform for the first timeever,but she was about to do so infront ofjudges KatyPerry,Luke Bryan,and LionelRichie.Kelsie choseto sing“Piece byPiece,,by KellyClarkson,a fittingsong sinceit comesfrom the first-ever winnerof American（唱功），Idol.The judges were impressedby hervocals but they couldtell thatKelsies nerveswere holdingher back.After muchencouragement,they askedif shecould singthe secondsong she had prepared:“When WeWere Young^^by Adele.At first,Kelsiesconfidence remainedabout the same.But asPerry shoutedout instructionsto cheerher up and bringheroutof hershell,somethingmagical happened.（副歌），As shereached thechorus Kelsiefound thestrength tosing,bringing tearsto Richieseyes.All threejudgesweresoproud ofKelsie fbrher greatfirst performance.They couldnthelp butsay themagic wordsYou aregoing toHollywood!^^

4.What didKelsies grandmotherask her to doA.Sing at home.B.Try somethingnew.C.Watch advertisements.D.Stay in hercomfortzone.

5..Why wasita bigchangefor Kelsieto goto theauditionA.She becamevery shy.B.She tookaplanefor the first time.C.She firstshowed in an advertisement.D.She wouldexperience manynew things.

6.What was the judges9purpose of asking Kelsietosingthe secondsongA.To attractmore audience.B.To helpher overcomenerves.C.To makeher understandinstructions.D.To encouragehertoremain theconfidence.

7.What canwe know from thejudges5words in the last paragraphA.Kelsie wasmoved.B.Kelsies effortpaid off.C.The judgeswere tough.D.The judgesperformed well.届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期月压轴卷】

4.[20235For mostgraduating students,the college-admission season,usually in July andAugust,is anervous timethat is often describedas a life-changing moment.An anxious18-year-old Peng Lanxi gothis admissionletter fromHunan University of Scienceand Technologyon July26,（假肢）bringing hisdream closer-making prostheticlimbs moreadvanced and accessible topeople likehim.His motherWangChunmei couldn,t holdback hertears becauseshe knewhow her son hadovercome thedifficulties.Peng Lanxilost hislegs in a caraccident in2005,when hewas ababy.Having learnedto walkusing justhis hands,he enjoyslifeas muchas theteenagers aroundhim.On his wheelchair,he playsbasketball andbadminton.Once aweek,he goesfor a40-minute swim,and hisbest time for100meters isone minuteand15seconds.（障碍）“I believethat obstaclesare thereto beconquered.Someone says that life is like a mirror,and we get the best resultswhen we smileat it J PengLanxi says.（在网上快速传播的）His storyhas goneviral onsocial mediaplatform SinaWeibo,which has been viewedmore than19million timesand hewon admirationfrom itsusers forhis courage,determination andhard work.A usernamed Shuangpicommentsthat Penglost hislegs,but he doesnt letthat get in hisway.The officialaccount ofHunan University of Scienceand Technologyon theplatform haseven commented,Welcome Peng tothe university.Lu Mingsays that the schoolwill helpPengto pursue hisdream-to be a prostheticsengineer,a careerthat willchangelives.Peng is not alone,as authoritieshave improvedthe presenceof disabledpeople onmainstream campusesin recentyears.14,559students facingphysical challengesentered collegelast year.From2016to2020,about57,500special needsstudents wereadmittedinto universities,a more than50percent increasecompared with the2011-2015period.

24.Why didWang Chunmeiburst intotearsA.Her soncan actlike a healthy person.B.Her sonsachievement was a shockto her.C.Her sonsucceeded after too muchdifficulty.D.She hopedto puton prostheticlimbs forher son.

25..What canwe knowabout PengLanxi from the thirdparagraphA.His bitterchildhood.B.His gameexperience.C.His positiveattitude tolife.D.His preferencefor varioussports.

26.What causedPengLanxito bepopularA.His mother.B.His talents.C.His hardwork.D.Shuangpis comment.

27.What can be inferredfrom the last paragraphA.Lu Mingwas oncein chargeof admission.B,Prosthetics engineerscan findjobs mucheasier.C.Disabled people at universitiesare lookeddown on.D.Being admittedinto theuniversity willcontribute toPeng Lanxisfuture.届湖南省部分名校联盟高三月冲刺压轴大联考】

5.[20235（光合作用）Photosynthesis is a uniqueskill of green plants-they turnwater andcarbon dioxideinto oxygenand foodviasunlight.A group of Chinesescientists,however,have copiedthe processon animals.To understand the newbreakthrough,it is important to know howphotosynthesis works.Plants takein carbon dioxide andwaterfrom the air and soil.Within theplant cell,the wateris oxidized.This transformsthe water into oxygenand thecarbondioxide（葡萄糖）.into glucoseThe plantthen releasesthe oxygenback into theairand storesenergy within the glucosemolecules.In the study,the researchersfrom ZhejiangUniversity developed an independentand controllablephotosynthetic system,（内囊体）,according to the studypublished inNature inearly December,

2022.They separatedthylakoids apart of the cellwhere（菠菜）light reactionstake placein plants,from youngspinach leaves.The scientiststhen wrappedthe thylakoidswith thecover ofanimalcells,which made the implantedthylakoids moreacceptable toforeign bodies.The miceused in the studywere suffering（骨关节炎）,（软骨）from arthritismeaning cellsin theircartilage haddegenerated andcould not be repairedby themselves.With（新陈代谢）the thylakoidsimplanted into the miceand exposed to light,the micerecovered.Their metabolismreturned tonormal.In arthritis,patients usuallyhave energyloss sincefewer energy-carrying moleculesare generated.The implant,however,cancorrect theimbalance bystoring more energy viaphotosynthesis.The researchersalso claimedthat theirtests would have medicalusage.It can be usedas part of thesolution for degenerative diseasesbecause thenatural photosynthesissystem mayrepair cells.Itmay alsodelay theaging processin cells.The studyshowed anexciting achievementthat opensup possibilitiesof metabolismengineering Jcommented one of thepapersreviewers FranciscoCejudo,from the University ofSeville inSpain,reported Xinhua.

28.What doesthe studyfocus onA.Whether photosynthesisworks on animals.B.How photosynthesisprevents degenerativediseases.C.Why degenerativediseases areharmful.D.What the scientists havedone for the metabolismengineering.

29.What doesthe underlinedword degenerated“probably meanA.Engaged.B.Infected.C.Worsened.D.Reproduced.

30.What canwe learn from the textA.The studyhas greatlyfacilitated metabolismengineering.B.Energy losspartially accountsfordegenerativediseases.C.The testssucceedin undergoingclinical trials.D.The implantcan generatemoreenergy.

31.What doesthe paperreviewer thinkof the testsA.They are inefficient.B.They aredemanding.C.They areunfounded.D.They arepromising.届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三第四次模拟】

6.[2023（恭维）.To achef,the sounds of lipsmacking,slurping andswallowing arethe highestform offlattery Butto someonewitha certaintype ofmisophonia,these samesounds can be suffering.Brain scansare nowhelping scientistsstart tounderstand why.（诱因）.People withmisophonia experiencestrong discomfort,annoyance ordisgust when they hearparticulatriggersResearchers previouslythought thisreaction mightbe causedby the brain overactivelyprocessing certainsounds.Now,however,anew studypublished inJournal ofNeuroscience haslinked someforms ofmisophonia toheightened“mirroring”behavior in the（模仿）brain:those affectedfeel negativeand bittewhile theirbrains actas if they weremimicking thetriggering mouthmovements.The researchteam,led byNewcastle Universityneuroscientist SukhbinderKumar,analyzed brain activity inpeople with and（）without misophoniawhen they were atrest andwhile theylistened tosounds.These includedmisophonia triggerssuch aschewing,（）（听觉皮层）,generally unpleasantsounds likea cryingbaby,and neutralsounds.The brainsauditory cortexwhich,processessound,reacted similarlyin subjectswith andwithout misophonia.But in both the resting stateand listeningtrials,people withmisophonia showed strongerconnections between the auditorycortex and brain regionsthat controlmovements of the face,mouthand throat,while thecontrolled groupdidnt.Kumar foundthis connectionbecame mostactive inparticipants withmisophonia whentheyheard triggersspecific to the condition.Some mirroringis typicalin mosthumans whenwitnessing othersactions;the researchersdo notyet knowwhy anexcessivemirroring responsemight causesuch anegative reaction,and hopeto addressthat infuture research.Possibilities includea sense ofloss ofcontrel,invasion of personal space,or interferencewith currentgoals and actions.the studyauthors write.Fatima Husain,an IllinoisUniversity professorof speechand hearingscience,says potentialmisophonia curescould buildon一the newfindings bycounseling patientsabout handlingunconscious motorresponses totriggering soundsnot justcoping with thesounds themselves.If thisworks,she adds,one shouldexpect to see reducedconnected activitybetweentheauditory andmotorcortices.

8.How mightmisophonia sufferersrespond tosoundsofeating loudA.They sinkinto awfulfeelings.B.They feela strongsense ofhunger.C.They canthelp makingthe sounds.D.They are more likely to flatterthe chefs.

9.What happenedto themisophonia sufferersin theresearchA.They sufferedless at the restingstate.B.They hadnoticeable braindamage.C.They becameactive inmirroring response.D.They lostcontrol of their entirebodies.

10.Which may beaself-talk from a mansuffering misophoniaA.How lonelyI amto stayby myself!B.Cant theyshare theirgoals withmeC.How comeI cantcontrol mymind!D.Following herway is the bestthing I can do!

11.What mightbe thesignificance of the studyA.Improving speechand hearingscience.B.Developing atreatment formisophonia.C.Drawing peoplesattention tomisophonia.D.Promoting humanauditory functionresearch.届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三第四次模拟】

7.[2023“You need to signthis Jmy sonJoe informedme.“What isit”I asked.Rolling hiseyes with a senseof impatience,Joe replied,Your permission.And itsdue tomorrow!”I learnedthat Joessixth-grade classwould be taking a field tripto the state capital.That soundslike fim,I said.Ive alwayswantedto gothere.You cantcome!^^Joe answered.Puzzled,I asked.Why not”Because youalways comeon field trips!”（监护人）Of course,I alwaysjoined his class onfieldtrips.Being achaperone on a fieldtrip isone of the advantagesthatcomes withbeing amom,a vacationday in a careerthat offersfew opportunitiesfbr achange ofscenery.You dontwant me to beachaperone^^Give someoneelses moma chanceJ hesuggested.What wassurprising washow muchI mindedbeing soimpolitelyremoved from the shortlist ofwilling chaperonesbymy own son.When Joewas inkindergarten,his classplanned apretend tripto Norway.The daybefore the trip,Joe wokeup notfeeling well.力After learningthat hedidnt have a fever,I asked,“You dontwant to miss gettingready fbr thetripto Norway,do you”guess notJ he said.But when I pickedhim upat theend of the day,the teacherwhispered,Joe gota littleupset today.”What happened^^“Hedoesnt want to goto Norwaywithout you.^^So that was whathad beenbothering my5-year-old.He thoughthisclasswas reallyflyingto Norwayon theirwooden chairsin theirpaper airplane.He believedthose passportsand ticketshe and his classmateshadbeen makingwere thereal deal.Preadolescence fellupon my family asmy husband and I found ourselvespreparing fbrour sonsupcoming teenyears with thesame trepidationas someoneaboutto climb anice-covered mountainwearing highheeled-shoes.Joe needed to takeafieldtrip withoutme accompanyinghim.And Ineededto let him.Im gladhedoesntneed meall thetime.

4.What didthe authorreally mindA.Taking additionalresponsibility asamom.B,Being askedby herson tosign apermission.C.Getting refusedrudely byhersonasachaperone.D.Having missedthe chanceto visitthestatecapital.

5.What madeJoe upsetwhen hewas five years oldA,The lossof hispassport andticket.B.His going to Norwaywithout hismom.C.His realizationof thefake tripto Norway.D.The attackof afever before the journey.

6.What doesthe underlinedword“trepidation“in Paragraph7probably meanA.Excitement.B.Nervousness.C.Expectation.D.Impatience.

7.Which of the followingstatements willthe authoragree withA.Bravery nevergoes outof fashion.B.No legacyis sorich ashonesty.C.Independence is the foundationof life.D.Children havemore needof modelsthan critics.【届辽宁省丹东市高三总复习质量测试

（二）】

8.2023Oxford Dictionaries9word of the yearfbr2022was“goblin mode”:A type of behavior,which islazy,messy,or greedy,typically ina waythat rejectssocial norms or expectations.If weall gotused tomaking ourhome comfortable and beautiful,it feelslikelast yearwas the year wegave up:Embracing themess and the chaosthat comeswith normallife.In fact,organized messhas beenon therise fbra while,with the arrival of the termUcluttercore,\the artof havingmasses ofstuffin yourhome andembracing colorand noise.Think messymaximalism:Chaos,but lovingly displayed chaos.Clean spacesdont lendthemselves toinnovation,which iswhy somany geniusesdo theirwork incluttered studiosand chaoticoffices.They dontsee themess——they seepossibility.Ever knownthe typeofpersonto storecrayons in the microwaveand booksin the laundrybin Thatsprobably becausethey thriveon disorder.That kindof messcreates theconnections thatbring them to theirnextgreat idea.They needtheir environmentto clash——messes offernew ways of seeingthe world.So dont worry thatyour houseis too messy;it justmight sparkyour nextgenius invention.Messy peoplehave their own uniquewaysofkeeping organized.You wouldntknowfromlooking at their pilesof clutter,butthey knowexactly whafsin them——and how to findwhat theyrelooking forin time.Though theylook messyto you,theres adefinitemethod to the madness.These pilesare,in fact,hyper-organized andeverything iseasy to access.Some chefsthrive in（即兴仓作）workspaces clutteredwith ingredientsat theready.Improvisation ijin cooking—a little of this,a littleof that—worksbest ina messykitchen.Painters,writers,scientists andinventors throughouthistory haveoften workedin disorder.They arentmerelylazy,but theyhave their own wayof dealingwith clutter.They knowexactly whereeverything is and thatsjust the way theylikeit.

8.What doesthe writersuggest in the firstparagraphA.Learning theword for the year

2022.B.Rejecting socialnormsorexpectations.C.Being opento alife ofmess andchaos.D.Making homescomfortableandbeautiful.

9.What dowe knowabout organizedmessA.It is an artof arrangingour homes in order.B.It isanother typeof chaoslovinglydisplayed.C.It enjoysgreater popularitythan cluttercore.D.It helpsmake ourlife fullof colorand noise.

10.What doesthe underlinedword possibility”in Paragraph3refer toA,The potentialof being a genius.B.The riskof becominga messyperson.C.The chanceof gettinggreat inspiration.D.The dangerof causinga kitchenaccident.

11.Which of the followingbest fitsthose examplesin the last paragraphA.A cook,who hardlyremembers where the vinegaris.B・A professor,who alwaysforgets whento have a class.C.A musician,who clearlyknows where to findhis drafts.D.A clerk,who oftenwonders whichpapers areimportant.届辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测

（三）】

9.12023Many years ago,whenI was inhigh schooland workingweekends topay for the extras-likeaclass trip,that myfamilycouldnt reallyafford,I lostmy wallet.One day,my oldcar requiredputting gas in theback.I paidand droveoff,my walletslipping outof mypocket.I hadntevenhad time tomissit whenamanphoned andasked meif I had lostmy wallet.I checkedit and to myhorror,1had.He askedme totellhim how much moneywas in it.He thentoldmewheretopick upmy wallet.（坡道）As Ipulled intohis driveway,I noticedhis disabledvan and the rampgoing up to thehouse.I wasthinking that thereis no way thisman easilygot mywallet.He had to pullover hisvan,getinhiswheelchair,lower thelift,and thenpick it up.I wasjustastonished.（冒）I knockedon thedoor and he let me in.I thankedhim like10times.I wasstuck,though.While I didnt wantto insult3Ehim byoffering money,I reallyfelt likeoffering something.So Iasked himif therewas anythingI could do torepay his kindness,andhesaid“Just pass my kindness on”.I saidI would be certain to dothat,as I was raisedto behonest onany account.I wantedtorepay hiskindness,so Iwholeheartedly promised.Well,one doesnot findmany walletsandso it wasabout10years laterthat I found one.It tookme severaldays totrack downthe man towhom the wallet belonged.He livedin anotherstate.I hatedgoing throughhis wallet,but Ifinally locatedhim through abusiness cardhehadinit.He wasactually surprisedhis moneywas still in thewallet andhe triedto handmea$

20.1told himThanks,but justpassmykindness on”.

4.How didthe findermake surethewalletbelonged to the authorA.He phonedthe gasstation.B.He checkedthe amountof money.C.He wentthrough thewallet.D.He askedwhere thewallet waslost.

5.How didthe authorfeel whenhe realizedthe Undersbeing disabledA.Satisfied.B.Shocked.C.Delighted.D.Horrified.

6.What didthe authordo tothank thedisabled manin paragraph4A.He acceptedthe mansproposal.B.He handedthemansome money.C.He passedthe manskindnesson.D.He putthe moneyinto anaccount.

7.What lessoncanwe learn from the textA.Kindness canbe passedon.B.Finders keepers,losers weepers.C.Kindness livesin ourheart.D.One goodturn deservesanother.

10.【2023・山东省潍坊市三模】rd moved to U.S.to livewith my uncle andone yearafter that,I lostmy vision.I hadsince learnedto get about with a cane,and5now Icraved gettingback topursue mydream ofbeing abroadcaster.But my aunt and uncle saidit wasmuch toodangerous formeto go outon my own.What if I gothit by a carI muststay in thehouse.I wasdogged.I rejectedtheir guesses.I believedI couldregain my way ifI lostit.I toldmy auntand uncleI wouldpay closeattention,I wouldlisten andbe verycareful whencrossing streets.A publiclibrary wasoffering atuition-free courseon howto usea computerwith screenreading softwaredesigned forblindpeople.This was an importantopportunity forme,My auntandunclereluctantly agreed.I knewthat theAmerican singerRay Charles,whowasalso blind,got aroundon hisown withouta cane.If hecould doitwithout acane,I reasoned,surely Icoulddoit with one.Ray ssecret was to countsteps.But Icouldnt seemlo dothat the way hehad.（布局）Instead Icaptured thelayout ofplaces Ivisited bytaking noteof landmarksin mymind.Td imaginethe mentalmap Iddrawnand usethatin order tonavigate.Today,I dothis automatically.But thatdoesnt meanI didntlose my way many times in the processof acquiringthis skill.Sometimes Idbe sodiscouragedthat Idconsider giving up.Maybe Ishould stayhome andwait untilsomeone couldhelp me.On thosedays whenI lostmyway,Idgo to bed feelingdown.And becauseI didnt want myuncle to worry aboutme,I keptthat tomyself.Since that time,Ive pursuedmy education.Tve earnedthree academicdegrees,including amasters,in face-to-faceclassrooms.Today,Im apublished journalistand audioproducer.Now,surprised atmy progress,myunclescreams tomyaunt,“Thatboy can see!”

4.What doesthe underlinedword“dogged“mean in thesecondparagraphA.Determined.B.Depressed.C.Ashamed.D.Frightened.

5.How didthe authorchart hisway everydayA.Depending ona walkingcane.B.Employing thepower ofimagination.C.Drawing adetailed maphimself.D.Counting everypace whilewalking.

6.What didtheauthorkeep asecretA.His firmtrust inhis uncle.B.His desirefor somehelp.C.His losinghisway sometimes.D.His feelingsleepyat bed.

7.What doesthe authorsuncle soundby sayingThat boycansee!”A.A blessing.B.A relief.C.A surprise.D.A praise.【届山东省潍坊市四县高三下学期月高考模拟】IL20235Curiosity affectseveiything fromour relationshipsto oureducation,but its not easy to studyit.With thehelp ofWikipediathough,researchers havenow donejust that,exploring twomain types of curiosity.The resultingstudy wasable todivide theindividuals intotwo previouslyidentified types,as faras curiositygoes:thebusybody whoexplores a lot ofdiverse information,and thehunter whostays ona morefocused trackwhen itcomes togainingknowledge.（内向）“Wikipedia allowedboth introvertsand extrovertsto haveequal opportunityin curiouspractice,a limitationin otherstudiesof curiosity,while thead-free searchengine allowedindividuals totruly becaptains of theirowncuriosity ships,“saysbiophysicist DanielleBassett,from the UniversityofPennsylvania.（节点）By recordingpages asnodes and analysing howclosely they were related,Bassett and her colleagueswere able to findbothbusybodies andhunters in their poolof volunteers-those whotended tojump allaround Wikipediaand thosewho weremorelikely tostay onclosely relatedpages.However,the participantsdidnt alwaysstick toone typeof behaviourorthe other,andto find outwhy the researchers usedawellbeing questionnairegiven to the participantsbeforethe study began,covering topicslike seekingout socialinteraction andtoleratingstress.Based on the surveys,a need to fillspecific knowledge gaps seemedto drivehunter-style behaviour,while adesire（*刘览）一（to seekout brandnew informationwasanindicator of a busybody-style ofWikipedia browsingtaking largerleaps EK跃）between nodesor pages.We assume that aswitch fromhunter tobusybody stylemight arisedue tosensation seeking,or thetendencytopursuenovel andexciting InfbrmationJ saysBassett.These findingscanbeuseful ina numberof ways,including ininforming approachesto teaching.Curiosity isalso linkedtoemotional wellbeing:people who aremorecurious tend to be more satisfiedwith lifeand lessanxious.By makingsure informationisavailable inways that are accessible,we canencourage curiosityand promotecontentment at the sametime.

12.Why didthe researchersuse Wikipediato dotheir studyA.It couldarouse ahigher level of curiosity.B,It chargedno feesfor browsinginformation.C.It enabledintroverts toswitch toextroverts.D.It causedno disturbanceto studyparticipants.

13.What didthe researchersfind outabout busybodiesA.They tooksmaller leapsbetween pages.B.They tended to browseloosely connectedinformation.C.They wereanxious tonarrow specificknowledgegaps.D.They weremore likely to stickto theirtypeofbehavior.

14.What maydrive huntersto becomebusybodiesthe text

2021.全国新高考I引申推断篇C

30.What isa directresult of the Actpassed in卷19342021,全国新高考II引申推断篇D

34.Why doesPete Bondsstill hirecowboys to卷watch cattle命题规律及备考策略

2.【命题规律】近年新高考卷对于阅读理解中引申推断考查了次主要考查311根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容进行引申推断得出推断结果引申推断的方法.通过分析文章内容，推断出文1章中事实的结论，得出新的判断；.推理判断的结论不是文章中的原句，而是在文章基础上，通过逻辑推理得出的结论2【备考策略】系统归类引申推断的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能【命题预测】通过阅读理解中的引申推断，考查考生的逻辑思维能力、思辨能力和批评性思维因此，引申推断题将在年2024高考中将成为高考阅读理解的重点题型考点梳理【年高考命题预测】2024推理判断之引申推断考点是高考中的必考点每年的高考阅读理解中都会有引申推断题以考查学生的推理判断能力，推理判断题的答案是通过对文章中材料的分析得出的结论，它不是文章中直接的事实预测在高考中，引申2024推断会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现【推理判断之引申推断考点指南】规律方法常见的设问方式

15.Whats theconsequence ofpromoting peoplescuriosityA.Well-rounded individuals.B.Increased feelingsof contentment.C.Greater abilityto figure out problems.D.More chancesto becometop teachers.年辽宁省高三第二次全省统考暨朝阳市第一高级中学高三四模】

12.[2023Wireless Charging:Deliver Electricitythrough theAirA wireless charging roomhas beendeveloped byscientists.It can deliver powerthrough theair to any laptop,tablet orphonewithout theneed forplugs orcables.The new technology involvesgenerating magnetic fields overlonger distanceswithout alsoproducing electricalfields thatwouldprove harmfulto anypeople or animals within the room,according to the teamfrom theUniversityofTokyo.（在初始阶段），The system,which hasbeen testedina single roombut is still in its infancycandeliverup to50watts ofpowerwithout exceedingcurrent guidelinesfor humanexposure tomagneticfields,the studyauthors explained.It could be used to charge（电线圈）any devicewith a wire coilfitted inside,similar to the systemused withwireless chargingpads currentlyin use-but withoutthepad.As wellas removingbundles ofcharging cablesfrom desks,it couldallow for more devicesto befully robotizedwithout theneedfor ports,plugs orcables.To demonstratethe newsystem,they installedthe uniquewirelesscharginginfrastructure ina purpose-built aluminum“testroom^^that was10feet by10feet.They thenused it to powerlamps,fans andmobile phonesthat drewcurrent fromanywhere in theroom,regardless ofwhere furnitureor peoplehad beenplaced.Researchers didntsay what the technologymight costbecause it isstillvery earlyin developmentand yearsaway”from being（无所不在的）made available to the public.This reallyups thepower of the ubiquitouscomputing world-you couldput a computeranywhere withoutever havingtoworryabout chargingor plugginginJsaid studycoauthor AlansonSample from theUniversityofMichigan.There arealso clinicalapplications,according toSample,who saidheart implantscurrently requirea wirefrom thepump torunthrough the body andinto asocket.This couldeliminate thatJ theauthor said,adding it would actto reducethe riskof infectionandimprove patients5quality oflife byeliminating thewire completely.

12.Whats theadvantage of the newtechnology according to the textA.It iswidely used.B.Its environmentallyfriendly.C.The cableis essentialin the newtechnology.D.It onlycould be used tocharge somedevices.

13.What doesthe underlinedword inPara.3meanA.Awkward.B.Artificial.C.Controllable.D.Automatic.

14.What canwe inferfrom this textA.The technologytakes alot ofinvestment.B・People canbenefit alot fromthis technology.C.Heart plantscanbeconducted with the newtechnology.D.The technologyups thepower of the computingworld.

15.Whats the purpose of the textA.To persuade.B.To advertise.C.To inform.D.To educate..【湖北省华大新高考联盟学年高三下学期月教学质量测】132021-20224The greatSwiss psychologistJean used to lecturearound the world,explaining howchildrens mindsdevelop as they getolder.Once anAmerican asked,But Prof.Jean,how canwegetthemto do faster”Today itsno longerjust impatientAmericans who（认知的）assumethatfaster brainand cognitivedevelopment isbetter.Across the globe,both parentsand policymakers eagerlypushpreschools to be more like schools.A waveof newresearch shows,however,that thispicture isfar toosimple.In1998a landmarkseries ofstudies lookedatthe（）long termeffect ofAdverse ChildhoodExperiences ACEson childrensgrowing up.ACEs includephysical oremotional overlook（精神的）or abuse,being poor,losing parent,violence ormental illnessin thehome.Since theoriginal studies,there have beenhundreds ofsimilar onesdone across theworld.It turnsout thatACEs aredisastrously common.A newpaper byDr.Mackey,published inNature NeuroscienceReviews,also concludesthat.ACEs seemto makechildrensbrains grow up tooquickly.Dr.Mackey suggeststhat frequentlyrepeated badexperiences may have theworst speedingup effect,while morevaried andunusual goodexperiences may be particularlylikelyto keep the brain opento learning.Why wouldstress anddisasters make us growup fasterandarich,varied,nursing environmentmakeusgrowupmore slowlyOneinfluential recentidea takesoff from the biologicalconcept oflife history”.An animalslife historyincludes how long itlives,howmuchit investsinits young andhowlongit takesthose youngto mature.A livefast,die young^life historymakes moredevelopmentalsense whenresources arefew andlifeispredictably hard.In brief,a long,slow lifehistory goeswith a big,smart brain.All ofthis shouldbe able to relievetheparents,worries about theAmerican question”.Loving yourchildren andgiving themspace tolearn and explore is more importantthan designinga particular（课程）.curriculum

28.What canwe inferfrom paragraph1A.Americans areusually smarterthan others.B・American brainscience isbetter developed.C.Most peoplebelieved childrenshould skippreschools.D.Most peoplewishtodevelop their childrens brainsfaster.

29.What isDr.Mackeys opinionabout speedingup childrensbrainA.It leadstoanearly death.B,It maycause painfulproblems.C.It isbeneficial toacademic learning.D.It originatesfrom unpleasantenvironment.

30.What doestheauthorfinally adviseparents todoA.Push preschoolsto be morelikeschools.B.Put middle-high pressureon theirchildren.C.Give childrencare andfreedom tolearn and explore.D.Ask teachersto designabundant curriculafor children.

31.What may be the best titlefor the textA.Live Fast,Die YoungB,Faster Development,Better FutureC,An AmericanQuestion,the WorldsProblemD.ACEs,Key toChildrens BrainsDevelopment【届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷

（一）】

14.2024William Lindesay,renowned Great Wall expertand conservationist,and hiswife WuQi havetraveled acrosstheglobeby thebackpaths,providing their sons Jimmyand Tommya uniqueenvironment forpersonal growth.Sunhats,backpacks,sneakers andtrekking poles—these arethe day-to-day must-haves of the family.This East-meets-Westcouple startedtraveling whiletheir youngerson wasstillinnappies in

2003.Most of their trips,most ofwhich arefar fromthe hot一spots recommendedby travelguidebooks,seem morerigorous thanleisurely heritagestudy in the Mongoliandeserts,a53-kilometer hikingtour ofNew Zealand,a one-day climbof threeEnglish summitsandasix-day trainride fromBeijing toMoscow.“Real travelmaybe hard,uncertain,uncomfortable,but theresa feel-good factorwhen youpass a test ofsome kindJ Lindesaywrotein the familys newlypublished travelmemoir Pagesof Discovery.Lindesay attachesgreat importanceto learningoutof the classroom,saying thatchildren mightscore well on school tests,butthat experience of theworld outside,in distantlands,with differentlanguages,scripts,political structures,and religiousbeliefs,is therealtesting ground.Children in this internationalfamily didnot have thesamepressure to perform onschool tests,but theyhad“homework on theroad.Wu askedher sonsto writetravel diaries,collect tickets,draw mapsand summarizetravel tips.She sayssuch habits,thoughthey mightnot directlyimprove testscores,will pay dividends inlater life.These experiencescertainly shapedtheir sonscharacters andinfluenced theirchosen studyat university.One readworldhistory,the other international relations.The twobrothers alsoshare aninterest inhistorical monuments,and theGreat Wallinparticular.They arenow planningto followin theirfathers footstepswith anew4,500-km hikeon theGreatWall.“My parentsview theworld asabigclassroom,and mybrother and I arethe biggestbeneficiaries JJimmy says.

4.Which ofthefollowing bestdescribes theirtrips acrossthe worldA.Hard andrisky.B.Unique yetstressful.C.Challenging andeducational.D.Leisurely yetrewarding.

5.What canwe inferabout thecouple fromthetextA.They thinklittleofschool education.B.They believetravel providesreal education.C.They asktheir sonstofollowtheir careerpath.D.They requiretheirsonstoperformwellonschooltests.

6.What dothe underlinedwords“paydividends^^mean in paragraph5A.Bring advantages.B.Pay aprice.C.Improve scores.D.Make mistakes.

7.What doesthefamilysstory tellus

1.Good companyon the road is the shortestcut.B,Good habitsformed atyouth makeall thedifference.C.A journeyof athousand milesbegins with asinglestep.D.It isbetter to travel10,000miles thanto read10,000books.真题感知l.A[2022・新高考I卷】Grading Policiesfor Introductionto LiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays60%Your fourmajor essayswill combineto formthe mainpartofthe gradefor thiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.Group Assignments30%作业Students willwork ingroups tocomplete fourassignments duringthe course.All theassignments will be submittedbythe assigneddate throughBlackboard,our onlinelearning andcourse managementsystem.Daily Work/In-Class Writingsand Tests/Group Work/Homework10%Class activitieswill varyfrom dayto day,but studentsmust beready tocomplete shortin-class writingsor testsdrawn directlyfromassigned readingsor notesfromtheprevious class*lecture/discussion,soit isimportantto takecareful notesduring class.Additionally,from timeto timeI willassign groupwork to be completedin classor shortassignments to be completedathome,bothof which will begraded.Late WorkAnessay notsubmitted inclass on the due date willlose aletter gradefor eachclass periodit islate.If it is notturned inby the4th dayafter theduedate,it willearn a zero.Daily assignmentsnot completedduring classwill geta zero.Short writingsmissed asa result of an excusedabsence will be accepted.

2.Where isthistextprobably takenfromA.A textbook.B.An exampaper.C.A courseplan.D.An academicarticle.

3.How manyparts isa studentsfinal grademade upofA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

4.What will happen ifyou submitan essayone weekafter thedue dateA.You willreceive azero.B.You willlose aletter grade.C.You will be givenatest.D.You will have torewrite it.【新高考卷】

2.C2022・I居民The elderlyresidents in care homesin Londonare beinggiven hensto lookafterto stop themfeeling lonely.慈善组织The projectwas dreamedup bya localcharity toreduce lonelinessand improveelderly peopleswellbeing.It isalso beingusedto help patientssuffering dementia,a seriousillness ofthe mind.Staff incare homeshave reportedareduction inthe useof medicinewhere hensareinuse.Among thosetaking part inthe project is80-year-old RuthXavier.She said:I usedtokeephens whenIwas younger andhadto preparetheir breakfasteach morningbefore Iwent toschool.”“I likethe projectalot.I amdown there in mywheelchair inthe morningletting thehens outand down there againat nighttosee theyvegone to bed.^^“Its goodto have a differentfocus.People have been bringingtheirchildrenintosee thehens andresidents comeand sitoutsideto watchthem.Tm enjoyingthe creativeactivities,and itfeels greatto havedone somethinguseful.”There arenow700elderly peoplelooking after hens in20care homesintheNorth East,andthecharity hasbeen givenfinancialsupport toroll itout countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra caremanager at60Penfold Street,one ofthe firstto embark onthe project,said:Residents reallywelcomethe ideaoftheproject andthe creativesessions.We arelooking forwardto thebenefits andfun theproject canbring topeoplehere.”Lynn Lewis,director ofNotting HillPathways,said:We arehappy to betakingpart intheproject.It willreally helpconnectour residentsthrough ashared interestand creativeactivities.,,

8.What is thepurposeoftheprojectA.To ensureharmony incare homes.B.To providepart-time jobsforthe aged.C.To raisemoney formedical research.D.To promotethe elderlypeoples welfare.

9.How hastheprojectaffected RuthXavierA.She haslearned newlife skills.B.She hasgained asenseof achievement.C.She hasrecovered hermemory.D.She hasdevelopedastrong personality.

10.What dothe underlinedwords“embarkonmean inparagraph7A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

11.What canwe learnabout theproject fromthelasttwo paragraphsA.It iswell received.B.It needsto bemore creative.C.Tt ishighly profitable.D.Tt takesages tosee the results.【.全国高考乙卷】

3.D2022The Governmentssugar taxon softdrinks hasbrought inhalf asmuch moneyas Ministersfirst predictedit wouldgenerate,thefirst officialdata onthe policyhas shown.First announcedin April,2016,the taxwhich appliesto softdrinks containingmore than5g of sugar per100ml,was introduced（肥月半）.to helpreduce childhoodobesity It is believed that todays children andteenagers are consuming three times therecommended level ofsugar,putting themat ahigher riskofthedisease.Initially the sugar taxwas expected to make£520ma year forthe Treasury.However,data ofthe firstsix monthsshowed itwouldmake lessthan halfthis amount.At presentitisexpected to generate£240m forthe yearending in April2019,which willgoto schoolsports.（制造商）It comesafter more than half of softdrinks soldin shopshave had their sugarlevels cutby manufacturersso they canavoid payingthe tax.Drinks nowcontain45million fewerkilos ofsugar asa result of manufacturersefforts to avoid thecharge,according toTreasury figures.Since Aprildrinks companieshavebeenforced topay between18p and24p forevery litreof sugarydrinkthey produceor import,depending onthe sugar content.However,some highsugar brands,like ClassicCoca Cola,have acceptedthe sugar tax andare refusingto changefor fearofupsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinksand mostalcoholic drinksare freeofthe tax,as aresmall companiesmanufacturingfewer thanIm litresper year.Todays figures,according toone governmentofficial,show thepositive influencethe sugar tax ishaving byraising millionsofpounds forsportsfacilities（设施）andhealthier eating in schools.Helping the next generationto havea healthyand activechildhoodis ofgreat importance,andtheindustry isplaying itspart.

12.Why wasthe sugartax introducedA.To collectmoney forschools.B.To improvethe qualityof drinks.C.To protectchildrens health.D.To encourageresearch ineducation.

13.How didsome drinks companies respondto the sugar taxA.They turnedto overseasmarkets.B.They raisedthe pricesof their products.C.They cutdown on their production.D.They reducedtheirproducts9sugarcontent.

14.From whichofthefollowing is the sugartax collectedA.Most alcoholic drinks.B.Milk-based drinks.C.Fruit juices.D.Classic Coke.

15.What canbe inferredabout theadoption ofthe sugartax policyA.It isa short-sighted decision.B.It isa successstory.C.It benefitsmanufacturers.D.It upsetscustomers.

4.B【2021・英语全国甲卷】（繁育）（犀牛Port LympneReserve,which runsa breedingprogramme,has welcomedthe arrivalofarare black rhino calf幼崽）.When thetiny creaturearrived on January31,she becamethe40th black rhino to be born atthe reserve.And officialsat Port（圈养）.Lympne were delighted with thenew arrival,especially asblack rhinosare knownfor beingdifficult tobreed incaptivityPaul Beer,head ofrhino sectionat Port Lympne,said:Obviously wefreall absolutelydelighted towelcome anothercalf toourblack rhinofamily.Shes healthy,strong andalready eagerto playandexplore.Her mother,Solio,isa first-time mumand sheisdoing afantastic job.Its stilla littletoo coldfor themto goout into the open,but assoon asthe weatherwarms up,T haveno doubtthatthe littleone will be outand aboutexploring andplaying everyday.”The adorablefemale calfis thesecond blackrhino bornthis yearatthe reserve,but itis tooearly totell ifthe calveswill makegoodcandidates tobe returned to protectedareas ofthe wild.The firstrhino tobe bomat Port Lympne arrived on January5tofirst-time motherKisima and weighed about32kg.His mother,grandmother andgreat grandmotherwere allborn atthereserveandstill livethere.According to the WorldWildlife Fund,the globalblackrhinopopulation hasdropped aslow as5500,giving therhinos acriticallyendangered^^status.

7.What canbe inferredabout PornLympne ReserveA.The rhino section willbe opento thepublic.

8.It aimsto controlthe numberoftheanimals.C.It willcontinuetowork with the WorldWildlife Fund.D.Some of its rhinosmaybesent tothe protectedwild areas.

5.C【2021・英语全国甲卷】When Iwas9,we packedup ourhome inLos Angelesand arrivedat Heathrow,London ona grayJanuary morning.Everyonein thefamily settledquickly into the cityexcept me.Without mybeloved beachesand endlessblue—sky days,I feltataloss andoutof place.Until Imade adiscovery.Southbank,at aneastern bendintheThames,is thecenter ofBritish skateboarding,wherethecontinuous crashing ofskateboards leftyour headringing.1loved it.I soonmade friendswith thelocal skaters.We spokeour ownlanguage.And my（横杆）,favorite:Safe.Safe meantcool.It meanthello.It meantdontworryabout it.Once,when tryinga certaintrick onthe beamIfell ontothe stones,damaging anerve inmy hand,and Tobycame over,helping meup:Safe,man.Safe.A fewminutes later,whenI landedthe trick,my friendsbeat their boards loud,shouting:Safe!Safe!Safe!”And thafswhat mattered——landing tricks,being agoodskater.When Iwas15,myfamilymoved toWashington.I triedskateboarding there,but thelocals werefar lesswelcoming.Within acoupleof years,Id givenitup.When IreturnedtoLondon in2004,1found myselfwandering down to Southbank,spending hoursthere.Pve traveledbackseveral timessince,most recentlythis pastspring.The daywas coldbut clear:tourists andLondoners stoppedto watchthe skaters.（穿梭）Weaving amongthe kidswho rushedby on theirboards,Ifoundmyway tothebeam.Then arail—thin teenager,inabaggy（滑）white T—shirt,skidded uptothebeam.He satnext to me.He seemednot tonotice theman next to him.But soonI caughtafew ofhis glances.t6Iwasa localhere20yearsago,“I toldhim.Then,slowly,he began to nodhis head.Safe,man.Safe.^“Yeah,“I said.Safe.

8.What canwe learnabout theauthor soonafterhemovedtoLondonA,He feltdisappointed.B.He gaveup hishobby.C.He likedthe weatherthere.D.He haddisagreements withhis family.【.英语全国甲卷】

6.D2021Who isa geniusThis questionhas greatlyinterested humankindfor centuries.Lets stateclearly:Einstein wasa genius.His faceis almostthe internationalsymbol forgenius.But we wantto go beyondoneman andexplore thenature of genius itself.Why isit thatsome people are so much moreintelligent orcreative than therestof usAndwho aretheyIn thesciences andarts,those praisedas geniuseswere most often whitemen,of Europeanorigin.Perhaps this is nota surprise.Its saidthat historyis writtenby thevictors,and thosevictors setthe standardsfor admissiontothegenius club.When contributionsweremade bygeniuses outside the club-women,or peopleofa different coloror belief-theywereunacknowledged andrejected byothers.A studyrecently publishedby Sciencefound thatas youngas agesix,girls areless likelythan boysto saythat membersoftheir（性另）gender Uare really,really smart.Even worse,the studyfound thatgirls acton thatbelief:Around agesix theystart to avoidactivities saidtobefor childrenwho are really,really smart.Can ourplanet aflbrdto haveany great thinkers becomediscouragedand giveup Itdoesnt takea genius toknowthe answer:absolutely not.Here*sthegood news.In awired worldwith constantglobal communication,were allpositioned tosee flashesof genius（因素）wherever theyappear.And the more welook,the morewe willsee thatsocial factorslike gender,race,and classdo notdeterminethe appearanceofgenius.As awriter says,future geniusescomefromthose withintelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力），and simplegood fortune,who areableto change theworld.^^

13.What canwe inferabout girlsfromthe study inScience!A.They thinkthemselves smart.B,They lookuptogreatthinkers.C.They seegender differencesearlier thanboys.D.They arelikelytobe influencedby socialbeliefs

7.B【2021・全国高考乙卷】（座机）？When almosteveryone hasa mobile phone,why aremore than half ofAustralian homesstill payingfor a landlineThese daysyoud behard pressedtofindanyone inAustralia overtheageof15who doesntown amobilephone.In factplentyof youngerkids haveoneintheir pocket.Practically everyonecan makeand receivecalls anywhere,anytime.（）Still,55percent ofAustralians havea landlinephone athome andonly justover aquarter29%rely onlyontheirsmartphones（调查）.according toa surveyOf thoseAustralians whostill havealandline,a thirdconcede thatits notreally necessaryand theyrekeepingit asa securityblanket-19percent saythey neveruse itwhile afurther13percent keepit incase ofemergencies.I thinkmyhome fallsinto thatcategory.（因素）一More than half ofAustralian homesare stillchoosing tostick withtheir home phone.Age isnaturally a factor only58percent ofGeneration Ysstill uselandlines nowand then,compared to84percent ofBaby Boomerswhove perhapshadthesamehome numberfor50years.Age isntthe onlyfactor;Id sayits alsotodowiththemakeup of your household.Generation Xerswith youngfamilies,like mywife andI,can stillfind itconvenient to havea home phonerather thanprovidinga mobilephone forevery familymember.That said,tobehonest theonly peoplewho everring ourhomephoneare ourBaby（Boomers parents,tothepointwherewe playa gameand guesswho iscalling beforewe pickup thephone usingCaller IDwould）take thefun outofit.How attachedare youto yourlandline Howlong untilthey gothe wayof gasstreet lampsand morningmilk deliveries

27.What canbe inferredabout thelandline fromthelast paragraphA.It remainsa familynecessity.B.It willfall outof usesome day.C.It mayincrease dailyexpenses.D.It isas importantasthegas light.

8.D【2021・全国高考乙卷】During aninterview forone of my books,my interviewersaid somethingI stillthink aboutoften.Annoyed bythe level of（干扰）一distraction inhis open office,hesaid,Thats whyI havea membershipattheco-working spaceacrossthestreet so Ican（布局）.focus^.His commentstruck meas strange.After all,co-working spacesalso typicallyuse anopenofficelayout ButIrecently cameacross a study thatshows whyhis approachworks.The researchersexamined variouslevels of noise onparticipants asthey completedtests ofcreative thinking.They were（分randomly dividedinto fourgroups andexposedtovarious noiselevels inthe background,from total silence to50decibels贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.The differencesbetween mostofthegroups werestatistically insignificant;however,theparticipants inthe70decibels group——those exposedtoalevelofnoise similarto backgroundchatter ina coffee shop-significantly outperformedthe othergroups.Since the effects weresmall,this maysuggest that our creative thinking doesnol differthatmuch inresponse tototalsilenceand85decibels of background noise.一But sincethe resultsat70decibels weresignificant,thestudyalso suggeststhatthe right levelofbackground noise nottooloud andnot totalsilence—may actuallyimprove onescreativethinkingability.The rightlevelofbackgroundnoisemay interruptournormal patternsof thinkingjust enoughto allowour imaginationsto wander,without making it impossibleto focus.This kindofdistracted fbcus“appears tobe the best statefor workingon creativetasks.So whydosomany ofus hateour openoffices Theproblem maybe that,in ouroffices,we cantstop ourselvesfrom gettingdrawninto othersconversations whilewere trying to fbcus.Indeed,the researchersfound thatface-to-face interactionsandconversations affectthe creativeprocess,and yetaco-working spaceoracoffeeshopprovides acertain levelofnoisewhile alsoprovidingfreedom frominterruptions.

35.What canwe inferabout theauthor fromthetextA.Hes anews reporter.B.Hes anoffice manager.C.Hes aprofessional designer.D.Hes apublished writer.

9.C【2021・全国新高考I卷】When the explorers firstset footupon thecontinent ofNorth America,the skiesand landswere alivewith anastonishing varietyofwildlife.Native Americanshad takencare of these preciousnatural resourceswisely.Unfortunately,it tooktheexplorersandthe（水禽）settlers whofollowed only a fewdecades todecimate a large partoftheseresources.Millions of waterfowl werekilled atthehands ofmarket huntersandahandful ofoverly ambitioussportsmen.Millions ofacres ofwetlands weredried tofeed andhousethe ever-increasing populations,greatly reducingwaterfowl habitat.（）In1934,withthepassage ofthe Migratory Bird HuntingStamp ActAct,an increasinglyconcerned nationtook firmaction（迁徙的）to stopthe destructionof migratorywaterfowl andthe wetlandsso vital to theirsurvival.Under thisAct,all waterfowlhunters16years ofageandover mustannually purchaseand carrya FederalDuck Stamp.The veryfirst FederalDuck Stampwasdesigned byJ.N.Ding Darling,a politicalcartoonist fromDes Moines,Iowa,who atthattimewas appointedby PresidentFranklinRoosevelt asDirector ofthe Bureauof BiologicalSurvey.Hunters willinglypay thestamp priceto ensurethe survivalof ournaturalresources.About98cents ofevery duckstamp dollargoes directlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservation Fund to purchasewetlands andwildlifehabitat forinclusion intothe NationalWildlife RefugeSystem-afactthat ensuresthis landwillbeprotected andavailablefor allgenerations to come.Since1934,better thanhalf abillion dollarshas goneinto thatFundtopurchase morethan5million acresofhabitat.Little wonderthe FederalDuck StampProgram hasbeen calledone ofthe mostsuccessful conservationprograms everinitiated.

29130.What isa directresultofthe Actpassed in1934A.The stampprice hasgone down.B.The migratorybirds haveflown away.C.The huntershave stoppedhunting.D.The governmenthas collectedmoney.【•浙江卷】

10.B2020The trafficsignals alongFactoria Boulevardin Bellevue,Washington,generally dontflash thesame lengthofgreentwice inarow,especially atrush hour.At9:30am,the fullred/yellow/green signalcycle mightbe140seconds.By9:33am,a burstofadditional trafficmight push itto145seconds.Less trafficat9:37am couldpushitdownto

135.Just likethe trafficitself,the timingofthe signalschanges.That isby design.Bellevue,a fast-growing cityjust eastof Seattle,uses asystem thatis gainingpopularity around the US:（十字路口）intersection signalsthat canadjust inreal timeto trafficconditions.These lights,known asadaptive signals,have ledtosignificant declinesinboth the troubleand costof travelsbetween workand home.Adaptive signalscan makesure thatthe trafficdemand thatis thereisbeingaddressed,says AlexStevanovic,a researcheratFlorida AtlanticUniversity.For allof Bellevuessuccess,adaptive signalsare nota cure-all forjammed roadways.Kevin Balke,a researchengineer attheTexas AMUniversity TransportationInstitute,saysthatwhile smartlights canbe particularlybeneficial forsome cities,others aresojammed that onlyasharp reductioninthe numberofcars onthe roadwill makea meaningfuldifference.Ifs notgoing tofixeverything,but adaptivesignals havesome benefitsfor smallercities Jhe says.In Bellevue,the switch to adaptivesignals hasbeen alesson inthe valueof welcomingnew approaches.In thepast,there wasoftenan automaticreaction toincreased traffic:just widenthe roads,says MarkPoch,the BellevueTransportation Departmentstrafficengineering manager.Now hehopes thatother citieswill considermaking theirstreets runsmarter insteadof justmakingthem bigger.

26.What doesKevin Balkesayabout adaptive signalsA.They workbetter onbroad roads.B.They shouldbe usedin othercities.C.They havegreatly reducedtraffic ontheroad.D.They areless helpfulin citiesseriously jammed.

27.What canwe learnfrom BellevuessuccessA.It isrewarding totrynewthings.B.The oldmethods stillwork today.C.I paysto puttheory intopractice.D.The simplestway isthebestway.【•浙江卷】

11.C2020Challenging workthat requireslots ofanalytical thinking,planning andother managerialskills mighthelp your brain staysharpasyouage,astudypublished Wednesdayinthejournal Neurologysuggests.Researchers fromtheUniversityof Leipzigin Germanygathered morethan1,000retired workerswho wereover age75andassessed thevolunteers,memory andthinking skillsthrough abattery of tests.Then,fbr eightyears,thescientistsasked thesamegroup tocome back tothelab every18months totake thesame sortsoftests.（刺激），Those whohad heldmentally stimulatingdemanding jobsbefore retirementtendedtodothebest onthetests.And（认矢口）they tendedto losecognitive functionatamuch slowerrate thanthose withthe leastmentally challengingjobs.The resultsheldtrue evenafter thescientists accountedfbr the participants9overall healthstatus.“This worksjust likephysical exercise,“says FranciscaThen,who ledthestudy.After along run,you mayfeel likeyoure inpain,you mayfeel tired.But itmakes youfit.After along dayat work-sure,you willfeel tired,but itcan helpyour brainstay healthy.Ifs notjust corporatejobs,or evenpaid workthat canhelp keepyourbrainfit,Then pointsout.A waitersjob,for example,thatrequires multitasking,teamwork anddecision-making couldbe just as stimulatingas anyhigh-level officework.And runninga（协调）,“family householdrequires high-level planningand coordinatingshe says.You haveto organizethe activitiesof thechildrenand takecare ofthe billsand groceries.Of course,our brainscan declineas wegrow olderfor lotsof reasons-including otherenvironmental influencesor geneticfactors.Still,continuing tochallenge yourselfmentally andkeeping yourmind busycan onlyhelp.

30429.How doesFrancisca Thenexplain her findingsinparagraph4A.By usingan expertswords.B.By makinga comparison.C.By referringto anotherstudy.D.By introducinga concept.【.全国新高考山东卷】

12.B2020nJenifer Mauerhas neededmore willpowerthanthe typical collegestudent topursue hergoal ofearning anursing degree.Thatwillpower borefruit whenJennifer graduatedfrom Universityof Wisconsin-Eau Claireand becamethefirstinherlarge familytoearn abachelors degree.“2023・新高考全国I卷］BWhen JohnTodd wasachild,he lovedto explorethe woodsaround hishouse,observing hownature solvedproblems.A dirtystream,for example,often becameclear afterflowing throughplants andalong rockswhere tiny creatures lived.When hegot older,John startedto wonderif thisprocess couldbeusedto cleanup themesses peoplewere making.After studyingagriculture,medicine,and fisheriesin college,John wentback toobserving natureand askingquestions.Why白田菌）？can certainplants trapharmful bacteriaWhich kinds of fishcan eatcancer-causing chemicalsWith the rightcombination ofanimals andplants,he figured,maybe hecould cleanup wastethewaynature did.He decided to buildwhat hewouldlater call an eco-machine.（污泥）.The taskJohn setfor himselfwastoremove harmfulsubstances fromsome sludgeFirst,he constructeda seriesof clearfibreglasstanks connectedto eachother.Then hewent around to localponds andstreams andbrought backsome plantsand animals.He placedthem inthe tanksand waited.Little bylittle,these differentkindsoflife gotusedtoone anotherand formedtheir ownecosystem.After afew weeks,John addedthe sludge.He wasamazed atthe results.The plantsand animalsintheeco-machine tookthe sludgeas foodand beganto eatit!Withinweeks,it hadall beendigested,and allthatwasleft waspure water.亏水）Over theyears,John hastaken onmany bigjobs.He developeda greenhouse-like facilitythat treatedsewage from1,600homesinSouth Burlington.He alsodesigned aneco-machine toclean canalwaterinFuzhou,a cityin southeastChina.Ecological design“isthename Johngives towhat hedoes.Li%on Earthiskindofabox ofspare partsfbrtheinventor,“hesays/cYou putorganisms innew relationshipsand observewhat shappening.Then youlet thesenew systemsdevelop theirown waystoself-repair.”（）

24.What canwe learnabout Johnfromthefirst twoparagraphsA.He wasfond oftravelling.B.He enjoyedbeing alone.C.He hadan inquiringmind.D.He longedtobea doctor.•新高考全国卷］2J2023IIDAs citiesballoon withgrowth,access to nature fbrpeople livingin urban areas isbecoming hardertofind.If yourelucky,theremight bea pocketpark nearwhere youlive,but itsunusual tofind placesinacity that are relativelywild.Past researchhas foundhealth andwellness benefitsof naturefor humans,but anew studyshows thatwildness inurbanareasisextremely importantfor humanwell-being.The researchteam focusedonalarge urbanpark.They surveyedseveral hundredpark-goers,asking themto submita writtensummaryonline ofa meaningfulinteraction theyhad withnature inthe park.The researchersthen examinedthese submissions,（编码）coding experiencesinto differentcategories.For example,one participantsexperienceofWe satandlistenedtothewavesat thebeach for a while“was assignedthe categoriessitting atbeach andlistening towaves”.Across the320submissions,a patternof categoriesthe researcherscalla46nature language^^begantoemerge.After thecodingof allsubmissions,half adozen categorieswere notedmostoftenas importantto visitors.These includeencountering wildlife,walking along the edge ofwater,and followingan establishedtrail.Naming eachnature experiencecreates ausable language,which helpspeople recognizeand takepart inthe activitiesMauer,of Edgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarm ina familyof10children.Her dadworked ata jobaway fromthe farm,and her（学费），mother ranthe farmwiththekids.After highschool,Jennifer attendeda localtechnical college,working topay hertuitionbecause therewas noextra moneyset asidefor acollege education.After graduation,she workedto helpher sistersand brotherspayfor theirschooling.Jennifer nowis marriedand hasthree childrenofherown.She decidedto gobacktocollege toadvance hercareer andtobeableto bettersupport her family whiledoing somethingshe loves:nursing.She chosethe UW-Eau Claireprogram atMinistry SaintJosephsHospital inMarshfield becauseshewasabletopursue herfour-year degreeclose tohome.She coulddrive toclass andbehome inthe eveningto helpwith herkids.Jenifer receivedgreat supportfrom herfamily asshe workedto carher degree:Herhusband workedtwo jobsto coverthe bills,andher68-year-old motherhelped takecare ofthe childrenat times.（牺牲）Through itall,she remainedin goodacademic standingand graduatedwith honors.Jennifer sacrificedto achievehergoal,givingupmany nightswith herkids andmissing importantevents tostudy.Some nightsmy heartwas breakingto haveto pickbetweenmy kidsand studyingfor examsor papersJ she says.However,her childrenhave learnedan importantlesson witnessingtheirmother earnher degree.Jennifer isafirst-generation graduateandaninspiration toherfamily-and thatspretty powerful.（）

7.What canwelearnfrom JenifersstoryA.Time ismoney.B.Love breaksdown barriers.C.Hard workpays off.D.Education isthe keyto success.【.全国新高考山东卷】

13.D2020nAccording toa recentstudy inthe Journalof ConsumerResearch,boththesize andconsumption habitsof oureatingcompanions caninfluence ourfood intake.And contraryto existingresearch thatsays youshould avoideating withheavier peoplewhoorder largeportions（份），itsthe beanpoleswithbigappetites youreally needtoavoid.To testtheeffectof socialinfluence oneating habits,the researchersconducted twoexperiments.In thefirst,95undergraduate（表面上）women wereindividually invitedinto alab toostensibly participateinastudy aboutmovie viewership.Before thefilmbegan,each womanwas askedto helpherself toa snack.An actorhired bythe researchersgrabbed herfood first.In hernatural state,the actorweighed105pounds.But inhalf thecases shewore aspecially designedfat suitwhich increasedher weightto180pounds.Both thefat andthin versionsoftheactor tookalargeamountoffood.The participantsfollowed suit,taking morefood thantheynormally wouldhave.However,they tooksignificantly morewhentheactor wasthin.For thesecond test,in onecase the thin actortook twopieces ofcandy fromthe snackbowls.In theother case,shetook30pieces.The resultswere similartothefirst test:the participantsfollowed suitbut tooksignificantly morecandy whenthethinactortook30pieces.The testsshow thatthe socialenvironment isextremely influentialwhenwe*re makingdecisions.If thisfellow participantisgoing toeat more,so willI.Call itthe Illhave whatshes having^^effect.However,well adjustthe influence.If anoverweightperson ishaving alarge portion,Fil holdback a bit becauseI seetheresultsofhiseating habits.But ifa thinperson eatsalot,1*11follow suit.If hecan eatmuch andkeep slim,why cantI

14.Why didtheresearchershire theactorA.To seehow she would affecttheparticipants.B.To testiftheparticipants couldrecognize her.C.To findout whatshewoulddo inthe twotests.D.To studywhy shecould keepher weightdown.

15.On whatbasis dowe adjustthe influence^^according tothelastparagraphA.How hungrywe are.B.How slimwewanttobe.C.How weperceive others.D.How wefeel about the food.【.全国新课标】

14.B2020IReturning toa bookyouve readmanytimescan feellike drinkswith anold friend.Theres awelcome familiarity-but alsosometimesa slightsuspicion thattime haschanged youboth,and thusthe relationship.But booksdont change,people do.And thatswhatmakes theact of rereading sorich andtransformative.The beautyofrereadinglies inthe ideathatourbond withthe workis basedon ourpresent mentalregister.IVs true,the olderIget,themoreI feeltime haswings.But withreading,its allabout thepresent.Ifs about the nowand whatone contributestothenow,because readingisagive andtake betweenauthor and reader.Each hasto pulltheirownweight.There arethree booksI rereadannually The first,which Itake toreading everyspring isEmest HemningwaysA Moveable（令人陶醉的），Feast.Published in1964,its hisclassic memoirof1920s Paris.The languageis almostintoxicating anaging writer（随笔）looking backonanambitious yetsimpler time.Another isAnnie DillardsHoly theFirm,her poetic1975ramble abouteverythingand nothing.The thirdbook isJulio CortazarsSave Twilight:Selected Poems,because poetry.And becauseCortazar.While I tendto buy alot ofbooks,these threewere giventomeas gifs,which mightadd tothe meaningI attach to them.But Iimaginethat,while moneyis indeedwonderful andnecessary,rereading anauthors workisthehighest currencya readercan paythem.The bestbooks arethe onesthat openfurther astime passes.But remember,itsyouthat hasto growandreadand rereadinorder tobetter understandyour friends.

24.Why doestheauthorlike rereadingA.It evaluatesthe writer-reader relationship.B,Its awindow toa wholenew world.C.Its asubstitute fordrinking witha friend.D.It extendsthe understandingof oneself.

25..What dowe knowabout thebook AMoveable Feas!A.Its abrief accountofatrip.B・Its aboutHemingways lifeasa young man.C.Its arecord ofa historicevent.D.Its aboutHemingways friendsin Paris.

27.What canwe inferabout theauthor fromthetextA.He lovespoetry.B.Hes aneditor.C.Hes veryambitious.D.He teachesreading.【.全国新课标】

15.C2020nWhen youwere tryingto figureout whatto buyfortheenvironmentalist onyour holidaylist,fur probablydidnt crossyour（时装）mind.But someecologists andfashion enthusiastsare tryingto bringback the market forfur madefrom（海狸鼠）.nutria（）Unusual fashionshows in New Orleansand Brooklynhave showcasednutria furmade intoclothes indifferent styles.“Itsounds crazyto talkabout guilt-free fur-unless youunderstand thatthe nutriaare destroyingvast wetlandsevery year”，says CreeMcCree,project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists inLouisiana wereso concernedthat theydecidedtopay hunters$5a tail.Some ofthe furends up inthefashionshows likethe onein Brooklynlast month.Nutria werebrought therefrom Argentinaby furfarmers andlet gointothe wild.uThe ecosystemdowntherecant handlethis（物种non-native speciesdestroying theenvironment.Ifs themor us.says MichaelMassimi,an expertinthisfield.The furtrade keptnutria checkfor decades,but whenthemarketfor nutriacollapsed inthe late1980s,the cat-sized animalsmultipliedlike crazy.Biologist EdmondMouton runsthe nutriacontrol programfor Louisiana.He saysifs noteasytoconvince peoplethat nutria furis green,but hehas nodoubt aboutit.Hunters bringin morethan300,000nutria tailsayear,so partof Moutonsjob thesedays istryingto promotefur.Then theresRighteousFurand itsunusual fashion.Morgan says,“To givepeopleaguilt-free optionthat theycan wearwithoutsomeone throwingpaint onthem-1think thafsgoingtobeamassive thing,at leasthereinNew York.”Designer JenniferAndersonadmits ittook hera whiletocomearoundtothe opinionthat usingnutriafurforhercreations ismorally acceptable.She tryingtocome upwithalabel toattachtonutria fashionsto showitiseco-friendly.

31831.What canwe inferabout wearingfur inNew Yorkaccording to MorganA.It9s formal.B.Ifs risky.C.It^harmful.D.Ifs traditional.【.全国新课标】

16.B2020HIWhen RiseofthePlanet ofthe Apes”was firstshown tothepubliclast month,a groupof excitedanimal activistsgathered onHollywoodBoulevard.But theywerent thereto throwred painton fur-coat-wearing filmstars.Instead,one activist,dressed ina（猿）!”full-body monkeysuit,had arrivedwithasign praisingthe filmmakers:Thanks fornot usingreal apes（动作捕捉）The creativeteam behindApes usedmotion-capture technologyto createdigitalized animals,spending tensofmillions ofdollars ontechnology thatI recordsan actorsperformance andlater processesit withcomputer graphicsto createa final（图像）image.In thiscase,one ofa realistic-looking ape.Yet Apesismoreexception thanthe rule.In fact,Hollywood hasbeen hoton live animals lately.One nonprofitorganization,which monitorsthe treatmentoranimalsin filmedentertainment,is keepingtabs onmorethan2,000productions this year.Already,a numberof films,including Waterfor Elephants,*The HangoverPart IInand“Zookeeper,“have drawnthe angerof activistswhosay thecreatures actingin themhavent beentreated properly.In somecases,itsnotsomuchthe treatmentoftheanimals onset inthe studiothat hasactivists worried;its theoff-set trainingandliving conditionsthat areraising concerns.And there are questionsabout thefilms madeoutsidetheStates,which sometimesarenot monitoredas closelyas productionsfilmed inthe Sates.

24127.What canwe inferfromthelastparagraphabout animalactorsA.They maybe badlytreated.B.They shouldtake furthertraining.C.They couldbe tradedillegallyD.They wouldlose popularity.thataremost satisfyingand meaningfulto them.For example,the experienceof walking alongtheedgeofwater mightbe satisfyingfor ayoungprofessional ona weekendhike inthe park.Back downtownduring aworkday,theycanenjoy amore domesticform ofthisinteraction bywalkingalonga fountainontheirlunch break.Were tryingtogeneratea languagethat helpsbring thehuman-nature interactionsback intoour dailylives.And forthat to（）happen,we alsoneedto protect natureso thatwe caninteract with itJsaid PeterKahn,a seniorauthor ofthestudy.

34.What canwelearnfromthe examplegiven inParagraph5A.Walking isthebestwaytogain accesstonature.B.Young peopleare toobusy tointeract withnature.C.The samenature experiencetakes differentforms.D.The naturelanguageenhances workperformance.

3.【2023年1月・浙江卷】BLive withroommates Havefriends andfamily around you Chancesare thatif yourelooking toliveamore sustainablelifestyle,not everyonearoundyouwillbeready tojump onthat bandwagon.I experiencedthis whenI startedswitching toazero waste lifestylefiveyearsago,as Iwas livingwith myparents,and Icontinueto experiencethis with my husband,as heisnotcompletely zerowaste likeme.Ive learnedafewthings alongthe waythough,which1hope youllfind encouragingif youredoing yourbest tofigureouthow youcan make the changein anot-always-supportive household.Zero waste wasaradical lifestylemovement afew yearsback.I remembershowing myparentsavideo ofBea Johnson,sharing howcool Ithought it wouldbetobuygroceries withjars,and haveso littletrash!A fewdays later,I cameback withmy firstjarsof zerowaste groceries,and mydad commentedon howsilly it was formetocarry jarseverywhere.It cameoff asa bitdiscouraging.Yet asthe monthsof reducingwaste continued,Ididwhat Icould thatwas withinmy ownreach.Ihad myownbedroom,so I（洗漱用）worked onremoving thingsI didntneed.Since Ihadmyown toiletriesnn,Iwasabletostart personalisingmy routinetobemoresustainable.I alsooffered tocook everyso often,soIportioned outa bitofthecupboard formyownzerowastegroceries.Perhaps yourhousehold wontentirely makethe switch,but you mayhavesome controlover yourown personalspaces to make thechangesyou desire.As youmake yourlifestyle changes,youmayfind yourselfwanting tospeak up for yourselfif otherscomment onwhat youredoing,which canturn itselfinto awhole householddebate.If youhave individualswhoare not onboard,your wordsprobably wontdomuch andcan oftenleave youfeeling morediscouraged.So hereis myadvice:Lead byaction.

26.What canwe inferabouttheauthorA.She isquite goodat cooking.B.She respectsothers privacy.C.She enjoysbeinga housewife.D.She isa determinedperson.•全国甲卷］4J2023DGrizzly bears,which maygrow toabout

2.5m longandweighover400kg,occupy aconflicted comeroftheAmerican（敬畏）psyche-we reverethem evenastheygive usfrightening dreams.Ask thetourists fromaroundtheworld thatflood intoYellowstoneNational Parkwhat theymost hopetosee,and theiranswer is often thesame:a grizzlybear.“Grizzly bearsarere-occupying largeareas oftheir former range Jsays bearbiologist ChrisServheen.As grizzly bears expandtheirrange intoplaces wherethey havenDt beenseen ina centuryor more,they Hireincreasingly beingsighted byhumans.The westernhalfofthe USwas fullof grizzlieswhen Europeanscame,witharough numberof50,000or moreliving alongsideNativeAmericans.By theearly1970s,after centuriesof crueland continuoushunting bysettlers,600to800grizzlies remainedona mere2per centoftheirformerrangeintheNorthern Rockies.In1975,grizzlies werelisted underthe EndangeredSpecies Act.Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybears intheUS.Their recoveryhasbeen so successfulthattheUS FishandWildlife Servicehas twiceattempted todelist grizzlies,which wouldloosen legalprotections andallow themtobehunted.Bothefforts wereoverturned dueto lawsuitsfrom conservationgroups.For now,grizzlies remainlisted.（预防）Obviously,if precautionsaren ttaken,grizzlies canbecome troublesome,sometimes killingfarm animalsor walkingthroughyards insearch offood.If peopleremove foodand attractantsfrom theiryards andcampsites,grizzlies willtypically passbywithout trouble.Putting electricfencing aroundchicken housesandotherfarm animalquarters isalso highlyeffective atgettinggrizzlies away.Our hopeisto haveaclean,attractant-free placewhere bearscan passthrough withoutlearning badhabits Jsays（）James Jonkel,longtime biologistwho managesbearsinand aroundMissoula.

35.What canbe inferredfromthelastparagraphA.Food shouldbe providedfor grizzlies.B.People canlive inharmony withgrizzlies.C.A specialpath shouldbe builtfor grizzlies.□.Technology canbe introducedtoprotectgrizzlies.5J2023・全国乙卷］B（风景）Living inIowa andtryingtobecome aphotographer specializingin landscapecanbequite achallenge,mainly becausethecorn statelacks geographicalvariation.Although landscapesintheMidwest tendtobequite similar,either farmfields orhighways,sometimes Ifind distinctivecharacterinthehills orlakes.To makesome ofmy landscapeshots,I havetravelled upto fourhours awayto shootwithin a10-minute timeframe.Itendtotravelwithafew ofmy friendsto stateparks ortothecountryside togo onadventures andtakephotos alongtheway.Being atthe rightplace attherighttime isdecisive inany styleof photography.I oftenleave early to seektherightdestinationsso Ican setup earlytoavoidmissing themoment Iam attemptingto photograph.I havemissed plentyof beautifulsunsets/sunrisesdue tobeing onthe spotonly fiveminutes beforethebestmoment.（石英）One timemy friendsandIdrove threehours toDevil DsLake,Wisconsin,to climbthe purplequartz rockaround thelake.After wefound acrazy-looking roadthat hungover abunch ofrocks,we decidedto photographthe sceneat sunset.Theposition enabledustolook overthe lakewiththe sunset inthe background.We managedto leavethis spottoclimbhigher because（路线）ofthespare timeuntil sunset.However,we didnot markthe routeso weended upalmost missingthe sunsetentirely.Oncewe foundthe place,it wasstressful gettinglights andcameras setupinthe limitedtime.Still,looking backonthephotos,they aresomeofmybest shotsthough theycould havebeensomuch betterifI wouldhavebeen preparedand managedmy timewisely.（）

26.What canwe inferfromtheauthor tripwith friendsto DeviPsLakeA.They wentcrazy withthe purplequartz rock.B.They feltstressed whilewaiting forthesunset.C.They reachedthe shootingspot laterthan expected.D.They hadproblems withtheir equipment.

6.D【2022・全国高考乙卷】The Governmentssugartaxon softdrinks hasbrought inhalf asmuch moneyas Ministersfirst predicteditwouldgenerate,thefirst officialdata onthe policyhas shown.First announcedinApril,2016,the taxwhich appliesto softdrinks containingmorethan5gofsugar per100ml,was introduced（肥胖）tohelpreduce childhoodobesity.It isbelievedthattodayschildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,putting thematahigher riskofthedisease.Initially the sugartaxwas expectedto make£520mayear forthe Treasury.However,data ofthefirstsix monthsshowed itwouldmake lessthanhalfthis amount.At presentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearending inApril2019,whichwillgoto schoolsports.（制造商）It comesafter morethanhalfof softdrinks soldin shopshave hadtheir sugarlevels cutby manufacturersso theycanavoid payingthetax.Drinks nowcontain45million fewerkilos ofsugar asaresultof manufacturersefforts toavoid thecharge,accordingtoTreasury figures.Since Aprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforced topay between18pand24pforevery litreof sugarydrinkthey produceor import,depending onthe sugarcontent.However,some highsugar brands,like ClassicCoca Cola,have acceptedthesugartax andare refusingto changefor fearofupsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinksand mostalcoholicdrinksare freeofthetax,as aresmall companiesmanufacturingfewer thanIm litresper year.Todays figures,accordingtoone governmentofficial,show thepositive influencethesugartax ishaving byraising millionsof（设施）pounds forsports facilitiesand healthiereatinginschools.Helping thenext generationto haveahealthyand activechildhoodisofgreat importance,andtheindustry isplaying itspart.

15.What canbe inferredabouttheadoption ofthesugartax policyA.It isa short-sighted decision.B.It isa successstory.C.It benefitsmanufacturers.D.It upsetscustomers.

7.B【2021・英语全国甲卷】（繁育）（犀PortLympneReserve,which runsa breedingprogramme,has welcomedthearrivalofarare blackrhino calf牛幼崽）.When thetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,she becamethe40th blackrhino tobe bornatthereserve.And officialsat（圈PortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especially asblack rhinosare knownfor beingdifficult tobreed incaptivity养）.Paul Beer,head ofrhinosectionat PortLympne,said:Obviously were all absolutelydelighted towelcome anothercalf toourblack rhinofamily.She*s healthy,strong andalready eagerto playandexplore.Her mother,Solio,isafirst-time mumand sheisdoing afantastic job.Its stilla littletoo coldfor themtogoout intothe open,but assoon asthe weatherwarms up,I haveno doubtthatthe littleone willbe outand aboutexploring andplaying everyday.”The adorablefemale calfisthesecond blackrhino bornthisyearatthereserve,but itistooearlytotell ifthe calveswill makegoodcandidates tobe returnedto protectedareas ofthewild.Thefirstrhino tobe bornat PortLympne arrivedonJanuary5tofirst-time motherKisima andweighed about32kg.His mother,grandmother andgreat grandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstill livethere.According tothe WorldWildlife Fund,the globalblackrhinopopulation hasdropped aslow as5500,giving therhinos acriticallyendangered^^status.

7.What canbe inferredabout PornLympne ReserveA.The rhinosection willbe opentothepublic.B・It aimsto controlthenumberoftheanimals.C.It willcontinuetowork withthe WorldWildlife Fund.D.Some ofits rhinosmaybesent tothe protectedwild areas.（即时检测【届河北省高三适应性考试】

1.2023One aspectoftheclean-energy changewillhappeninside buildings.Many homesand businessesburn naturalgas forheating（家用电茗and cooking.Natural gasgives outgreenhouse gasesas wellas otherpollutants that can harmhealth.Gas appliances浮）canbereplaced byelectric versionsand tapinto cleanelectricity.Panama Bartholomyisthedirectorofthe BuildingDecarbonization Coalition.His group,based inPetaluma,Calif.,focuses on（输电网）limiting gasemissions indoors.We assumethe electricgrid isgetting cleanerover time,which itis.So,wewantmoreand moreof ourheating tocomefromelectricity.^^Its mucheasier tomake thesetypesoftransitions whengovernments recommendthem,says BethMiller.She isan ecologistandconsultant withGood Company.Based inEugene,Ore.,it helpscompanies andcommunities reducetheir carbonfootprint.Some statesare alreadytaking stepstomakethese changes.On September22,for instance,California decideditwouldban thesaleof gas-fired spaceheaters andwater heatersby

2030.After homesand businessesmaketheswitchtoelectric alternatives,they willbemorecomfortable,says Bartholomy.They（燃气炉），willbe safer andcleaner,too,he adds.Instead ofa gasfurnace anelectric heatpump couldboth heatand coolahome.Gas heatersand stoveswont bepumping pollutionintoahomes air.And cookswill haveeven morecontrol ona modernelectriccooker thanonagas stovesays Bartholomy.Getting naturalgas outofyourhome isprobably thelargest positiveimpact youcan havefortheplanet,Bartholomy says.Weall needto fightforalivable climate.There isnowayto meetour climategoals whilestill burninggasinbuildings.For alivablefuture,we musttake measurestostopburning naturalgas,though weknow wehavealong waytogo.”And thebonus:It nowlookslike doingthat shouldalso savepeoplealotofmoney.

14.What canbe inferredfrom Paragraph4A.Homes willbesafer.B.Gas stoveswillbereplaced soon.C.Homes airwillhavemore pollutants.D.Cooks preferto usetraditional cookers.【届安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】

2.2023People spendaboutathird oftheir livessleeping.That mightsound liketime wasted,but itsnot.Even ina deepsleep,the brainisbusy.Ifs hardat worksorting memories,cleansing itselfof harmfulwastes andmore.This timeof restalso helpsthebodybuildstronger bonesand healwounds faster.Experts recommendthat teensgetaboutnine hours of sleepeach night.But surveysshow（青春期），thatonlyabout one-third of18-year-old reportgetting atleast sevenhoursofsleep pernight.As teensgo throughpuberty（褪黑激素）一they becomenatural nightowls.Their bodiesdont releasethe hormonemelatonin whichtells thebrain itstimefor（昼夜节律）bed-until laterat night.This shiftstheir circadianrhythm sothat sleepcomes mosteasily between11p.m.and8a.m.But mostpubic middleand highschools inthe UnitedStates startbefore8:30a.m.And thafsamajorproblem.Another reasonfbr teens,widespread sleepshortage maybescreens.Survey datafrom

370.000U.S.teens hasshown anincreasein tradingsleep forscreen time.But losingsleep toscreens isntjustamatter ofchoosing tostay uplater.The lightemittedby phones,laptops andtheotherdevices makesthebrainresist sleepiness.Thafs becausethe glowcontains bluewavelengths alsofound in sunlight.This candeceive thebrain intothinking itsdaytime.Lack ofsleep hasbeen linkedto unhealthyeating andfeeling moreanxious.Sleep-deprived peoplealso havehigher riskoffeeling depressed,using alcoholor drugs,or gettingincaraccidents.Research suggeststhat peoplewho usescreens inbed haveaharder timenodding off.New LEDtech couldlessen thateffect.But inthe meantime,experts suggestputting awayelectronics atleast30minutes beforebed.It mightbehard to quita livelygroup chator savethenextepisode ofashowuntil tomorrow,but turnoffand turnin.Your bodyandbrainwill thankyou.”

8.What doesthefirstparagraph implyA.There ismore forthebraintodealwith.B,The brainisthebusiest duringsleeping time.C.Sleep isvitaltoour healthand wellbeing.D.Many aresuffering sleep-related problems.届福建省龙岩第一中学高考第三次校模拟】

3.12023Peter andMinke vanWingerden havecreated somethingwild:a herdof cowsfloating onthe sea.The Dutchhusband-and-wifeteams experimenton sustainableagriculture,called Floating Farm,canbefoundinthe portof Rotterdam.The moderniststructure兹养）houses40cows,who collectivelyproduce some200gallons ofmilk aday.In additionto helpingnourish Cthe localcommunity,the waterbornefarm isplaying apartinthe globalconversation abouthow theclimate crisisis pushingfarmers toreconsiderhow-and where-they producefood.Floods,extreme heating,droughts and even risingnight temperatureshave sentthe foodsystem offbalance.The racetooutsmart theconstant attackof extremeweather hasmadetheworld offarming unrecognizablefrom whatitwasonly decadesago.A teamof scientistsin Mexicois developingwheat typesthatcanadapt themselvesto differentclimates,while JacksSolar GardeninLongmont,Colorado,isatestbed forthe emergingmethod ofsolar farming.Rotterdam hasalready establisheditself asoneofthe mostclimate-adaptive placesintheworld.Everything fromofficebuildings toentire neighborhoodsare builton waterinthecity,which is90%below sealevel.The Wingerdens,Floating Farmwasa newbut necessaryattempt.Should aweather crisisarise,a waterbornefarm isntnecessarily stuckin place.A formerpropertydeveloper witha backgroundin engineering,Peter foundhis inspirationforthe Floating Farminaclimate disasterinNewYork City,where HurricaneSandy preventedthe deliveryof freshfood tomillions.The Wingerdensmodel isripe forreproduction—which isexactly whattheFloating Farms teamof14are workingon now.Plans areunder wayforafloating vegetablefarm tomove intothe spacenexttothe currentFloatingFarm.Permit applicationsarealso outfor similarstructures inDubai,Singapore andthe Dutchcities ofHaarlem andArnhem.The newprojects willapply lessonslearnedfromFloatingFarm.You needto buildahouseinordertoknowhowtobuild ahouseJ Petersays.The biggestobstacles hesees ahead,however,arenotfinancial orphysical,but ratherpolitical andadministrative.One ofthe biggestchallenges wecome acrossworldwide isregulations.Cities needtohavedisruptive thinking,cities needtohave disruptivedepartments,and citiesneedtohave areaswhere youcan say:OK,thisisthe experimentalzone.Because whatPeterandhisteam arepulling offisofadifferentorder thanthetypicalsustainability measures.We arenot innovative,hesays.Weare disruptive.

9.It canbe inferredfromthepassage that.A.90%ofthepopulation inRotterdam livebelow thesea levelB,The NewYork Cityis workinghardtofight climatechangeC.The localcommunity willnotbefed withoutnew farmingD.Waterborne facilitiesare necessarytothefuture ofRotterdam届山东省潍坊市四县高三下学期月高考模拟】

4.120235（）When youstep offthe elevatoronthefourth floorof KentuckyChildrens HospitalKCH,youre greetedbyamagical（独角兽）unicorn ina combinationof greens,blues,and purples.Itisan artpiece createdbythestaff ofKCH andUK Artsin HealthCare.This unicornroughly fivefeet talland sixfeet wide,（药水瓶）is madeupofnothing butthousands ofvial caps,oral injectorcaps,and tubesto createan imageofa unicorn,silentlygreeting andcomforting everypatient andvisitor.The ideafor thisunicorn wasinspired byTilda Shalof,a nursein Canadawho spentnearly30years collectingabandonedmedical plastictocreatea colorfulcreature.KCH nursesapproached theChild Lifestaff aboutcreating somethinganalogous fortheirhospital.The staffagreed,and collectionof plasticbegan.Soon thecollection numberedinthethousands,but thequestion remained-what wouldthis becomeAfter manymeetings anddiscussions,KCH staffsettled onthe ideaofaunicorn.After all,unicorns becomethe sourcewhere alldreamy thoughtscan（治blossom.Meeting aunicorn andmaking friendswithitcouldbeso appealingto children.More thanstories aboutthe healing愈）power,for children,aunicornmight evenhavethemagic powertochangeanything.Lexington artistChristine Kuhnjoined theteam toprovide guidanceonthedesign andconstruction process,butthework wasdoneentirely byKCH staffwho volunteeredtheir time.“As theunicorn startedtotakeshape,it becameeven clearerthat manyhandswere presentintheartwork,“said JoeyBurke,a nurseethicist.Several musictherapists askedif theycould adda guitarpickand a member ofthe maintenancecrew addedawirenut.In theend,medical wastebecame fantasticastheunicorn tookshape.”When completed,this grandcreature neededa name,so acontest washeld amongKCH staffand patients.The namewith themostvotes wasUnity MoonPieMcSparkles.

7.What doJoey Burkeswords inParagraph5implyA.Some membersopposed reusingmedical waste.B,The design oftheunicorn wasabitcomplicated.C.The staffwere enthusiasticabouttheunicorn work.D.The collectionof medicalwastewastime-consuming.【届山西省运城市高三月第三次模拟调研测试】

5.20235“You broughthome suchabigdog onChristmas EveShes notcoming intomy house.661said asthey came.But myhusbandwas happytohavethe dog.From whathe described,she hadbeen neglectedand tiedtoatree.Her ownershadtoget ridof herbecausetheyweremoving,so myhusband broughther along.Im notagainst animals,but mywork inemergency medicineletmesee plentyof“the dognever bitanyone before^cases thatIdidntwantrepeated withmy two-year-old.My husbandadapted anarea inthe barnforher.He fedherinthe morningbefore workandtook herout inthe evening.She waswell-behaved.Still,I wasnttaking chanceswithmychild.As theseasons passed,I startedto feelbad forBrandy beingstuck outsideallthetime.She seemedkind andgentle.Day afterday,Iwouldnotice Brandyinherlittle space,alone,watching thehouse.The guiltwas eatingat me.As mydaughter grewa littleolder,I decidedtoletBrandy inside.She wasa perfecthouse guest,showed nosignofaggression（进攻）andevenbecame buddieswithoneofthecats.We madeup forlost timewith treatsand softbeds.Once shemoved intoourhouse,she becameamemberof ourfamily.We tookher campingand foundhertobe greatat traveling.She nevercaused asinglemoments trouble.As shebecame senior,Ifounda littledog Shirleythrougharescue.We tookBrandy tomeet her,and Brandyplayedwiththepuppy,makingitclear thatthere wouldbe noproblems bringingthe young。