2023年考研英语一真题及答案解析

2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose thebest wordsforeach numberedblank andmark A,B,C orDon ANSWERSHEET.lOpointsCaravanserais wereroadside innsthatwerebuiltalong the Silk Roadin areasincluding China,North Africaand the MiddleEast.They weretypically Ioutside thewalls ofacity orvillage and were usuallyfunded bygovemments_2This wordCaravanseraislsa3of thePersianword karvan,which meansagroup oftravellers or acaravan,and seray,a palaceor enclosedbuilding.The Permcaravan wasused to4_groups ofpeoplewho travelledtogether acrosstheancientnetwork forsafety reasons25merchants,travellers orpilgrims.From the10th centuryonwards,as merchantand travelroutes becomemore developed,the6of theCaravanserais increasedand theyserved asa safeplace forpeople torest atnightTravellers on theSilkRoad7possibility ofbeing attackedby thievesor being8toextremeconditions.Forthisreason,Caravanserais werestrategically placed9they couldbereached in adaystrvel time.Caravanseraisservedas aninformal_10_pointfor thevarious peoplewho travelledthe Silkactasmilk cowswhereevery singlearticle inan issuemay citea specificpaper oraseries ofpapers.In someinstances,there is absolutely norelationship betweenthe contentof thearticle and the citations.Thepeculiarpartisthatthejournalthattheeditorissupposedlyworkingforisnotprofitingatall-itisjustprovidingcitationstootherjournals.Suchpracticescanleadanarticletoaccruemorethan150citatonsinthesameyearthatitwaspublished.How insidiousis thistype of citation manipulationIn oneexample,an individual-actingas author,editor;and consultant-was ableto useat least15journals ascitation providersto articlespublished byfivescientists atthree universities.The problemis rampantin Scopus,a citationdatabase,which includesa highnumber of the new,,international journals.In fact,a listingin Scopusseemsto bea criterionto betargeted inthistype ofcitation manipulation.Scopus itselfhas allthe datanecessary todetect thismalpractice.Red flagsinclude alarge number ofcitations to an articlewithin the first year.And forauthors whowish tosteer clearofcitationcartel activities:when aneditor areviewer,orasupport serviceasks youto addinappropriatereferences,do notobligeand doreportthe requestto the journal.

36.According toParagraph1,the careersof scentistscan bedeterminedby[A]how manycitations theirworks contain[B]how manytimes theirpapers arecited[C]the prestigeof thepeople theywork with[D]the statusthey havein scientificcircles4O.What Shouldan authordo todeal withcitation manipulators[A]Takelegal actionDemandanapology.[B][C]Seek professionaladviceD|Reveal theirmisconductPart BDirections:In thefollowingtext,some sentenceshave beenremoved.For Questions41-45,choose themostsuitable onefrom thelist A-H tofit intoeach of the numberedblanks.Mark youranswerson ANSWERSHEET.flO points[A]This yearmarks the150th anniversaryof aseries ofYellowstone photographsby therenownedlandscapephotogapher WilliamHenry Jackson.He capturedthefirst-ever shotsof iconiclandmarkssuch asthe Tetons,Old FaithfulandtheColorado Rockies.Jackson snappedthem ona late19th-centuryexpedition throughthe YellowstoneBasin thatwas conductedby thehead of the U.S.Geological andGeographicalSurvey of the Territories,Ferdinand V.Hayden.The teamincluded ameteorologist,a zoologist,a mineralogist,and anagricultural statistician.alYalOSMOIealHuESA与管212aalSSlUAIns TatmioOuaaUOInP NEEol始看WialEASIOSIEACUISGilsASo wnfauTaa2ualneJEUAUIn2o usPpoldaASfiaulSdHTEoduSOIanSAMlpatieuTaUuiAduo一°仆噌用用uu2AS二ISloitnaNSfioauino.G6aaSI aTA君N PISOIRLs0HICINIOOTP TOUITtIroalSENSlaUECISOIELaaUSOSLEalSTPealos0ue02auIaL IAPiodiinPaon1Z8IEu2DSM0IiIaodnAOSInuafcTAUUG6TSan a旨fcalo IiiorSHIEUSR21a曾FOIPR言FuaAS90tdEMaASEFaLasIaoii T-moauoSMOTediraaNTOateiooi IOIYSIOALPoaSLIEA PnEHupUIOS著彳09T0ISEaIPASat2SoHNaAsaTOISaAIGTBdd8SIOUaAIU聂SILis#ESI2AalHuMOICuetOLEETSHENSNFaTIOiTRAUUATNAAPT0E0ESEIJoI2RIand sitesvisited,to displaymarketing messagesinappropriate formsjncludingemails,social mediaposts,pop-up advertisements,and bannersat anappropriate frequency.50The non-intrusive deliveryof themarketing messagesinaway thatis sensitiveto theneeds of thetaraetcustomeris oneof thecritical challengestothedigital marketer.46Al canalso beused toidentify thelifestyles choicesof customersregarding theirhobbies.favoritecelebrities,and fashionstoprovide uniquecontent inmarketing messagesput outthrough socialmedia.人工智能还可以用来识别出消费者生活方式的选择，包括他们的爱好、最喜欢的名人和时尚，从而通过社交媒体发布的营销信息来提供独特的内容47Some believethat Alis negativelyimpacting onthemarketers roleby reducingcreativity andremovinvjobs,but theyare awarethat it isaway of些reducing costsand creatingnew information.——人认为,人工智能通过减少创造力和工作机会对营销人员产生了负面影响，但他们也意识到，这是一种降低成本和创造新信息的方式48Algorithmsused tosimulate humaninteractionsarecreating manyof theseconcerns,especially csno-one isquite surewhat theoutcomes ofusingAl用于模拟人际互to interactwith customerswill be.动的算法正在引发许多此类担忧，尤其是没有人非常确定使用人工智能与客户互动会有什么结果NoticeDec24th,2022The noticeis torecruit astudent forProf.Smith researchproject on campus sportsactiities andspecifythe dutiesand requirementsofthisjob.To beginwith,what youneed topay closeattention tois that the mainduty ofthe positionrequiresthat youcan collectand analyzethe dataoncampus sports activities.In additionto that,you willberesponsible fororganizing thedailymeetings withProfessor Smithandother membersand dealingwith theproblemson thecampussportsactivities independently.Mostimportantly,you shouldbe extremelyorganized,enthusiastic,and patient,and expertat communicationalskills.The deadlinefor registrationis January31st,

2023.If youhave anyquestions orneed help,pleasetelephone1234567or contactusatsports@

123.comby email.Li MingPartB

52.Directions:Write anessay of160-200words basedon thepicture below.ln youressay,youshould1describe thepicture briefly,2interpret theimplied meaning,and3give yourcomments.Simpleas thepicture is,the symbolicmeaning isthought-provokingRecent yearshave witnessedthe prevalenceof preservationand promotionof traditionalculture,whichhas arousedheated discussion.Firstand foremost,itmust bestressed thatthepresent situation,toacertaindegree,stems frompublic awarenessofpreserving traditions.Inaddition,we maynotice thatour culturalconfidencealso playsan importantrole inleading tothisphenomenon.Last butnot theleast,that thegovernmenthas putmore emphasison cultureprotection isanother significantfactor thatcannot beignored.As afamous shortvideo Vlogger,Li Ziqiis rememberedand respectedby peoplefor hersuccess inpromotingChinese culture.In herlife,she releasesher videosabout cookingChinese foodand makingtraditionalChinese handicraftssuch asembroidery.Consequently,itis ofutmostimportancefor usto takesome measuresto enhancethe awvarenessofpromoting traditionsand conventionsin oursociety.The governmentandthedepartment concernedshouldassume theresponsibilityto educateevery citizentokeep strivingto carryforward Chineseculture.范文2Here isapicture,interesting andwithprofound implication.Asis vividlydepictedinthe photo,two elderlypeopleare watchingthe dragonboat races,which successfuIlycapturesour eyes.They aresatisfied anddelightedto seethe growingpopularity ofDragon BoatRace withan increasingnumberofpeople gettinginvolved.Apparently,what thedrawing hassubtly conveyedis supposedto begiven furtheranalysis.Actually,the cartoonshows aheated phenomenon,namely,the inhenitanceoftraditional16[A]Rather[B]Indeed[C]Otherwise[D]However17[A]goinfor[B]standardup[D]stockup onfor[C]loseinon[D]implied18[A]believed[B]predicted[C]recalled⑻19[A]until because[C]unless[D|although⑻20[A]ruims debt[c]fashion[D]seriesl.Clocated

2.Aprivately

3.Btransition

4.C describe

5.C suchas

6.Aconstruction

6.B faced

7.B subjected

9.A sothat

10.D meeting

11.DAsa result

12.Cexchange

13.Caswell as

14.B influencing

15.Aaidedcommunications strategistattheTexas FreedomNetwork,a non-profit groupthat monitorspublic education,What millionsof Texaskids learnin theirpublic schoolsis determinedtoo oftenby thepolitical ideologyofpartisan boardmembers,ratherthan factsand soundscholarship.Such debatereflects fiercediscussions across the USand aroundtheworld,as researchers,policymakers,teachersand studentsstep updemands fora greaterfocus onteaching aboutthe factsof climate change inschools.Astudy lastyearby theNational Centerfor ScienceEducation,anon-profit groupofscientissand teachers,looking athow statepublic schoolsacrossthecountry addressclimate changein scienceclasses,gave barelyhalfofUS statesa gradeB+or higher.Among the10worst performerswere someofthemostpopulous states,including Texas,which wasgiven thelowest gradeFand hasa disproportionateinfluence becauseitstextbooks arewidely soldelsewhere.Glenn Branch,the centresdeputy director;cautions thatsetting state-level science standards isonlyonelimitedbenchmark ina countrythat decentralisesdecisions tolocal schoolboards.Even ifa stateisconsidered ahigh performerin itssciencestandards,that doesnot meanit willbe taught\hesays.Another issueis thatwhile climate change iswell integratedinto somesubjects andat someages-suchas earthand spacesciences inhigh schools-itisnot aswell representedin curriculafor youngerchildren andinsubjects thatare morewidely taught,suchas biologyand chemistry.It isalso lessprominentin manysocialstudies courses.Branch pointsout that,even ifa growingnumberofofficial guidelinesand textbooksreflectscientificconsensus onclimatechange,unofficial educationalmaterials thatconvey moreslanted

24.According toBranch,state-level sciencestandardsin theUSA]]callfor regularrevisionB]require urgentapplication|C]have limitedinfluence[D]caterto localneedsc

25.1tisimplied inthe lastparagraph thatclimatechangeteaching insome schools[A]agreeto majorpublic demands[B]reflectsteacherspersonal bias[C]may misrepresenttheenergy sector[D|can beswayed brexternal forcesDText2Communities throughoutthe regionhave beenattempting toregulate short-term rentalssince siteslikeAirbnb tookoff inthe2010s.Now,with record-high homeprices andhistorically lowinventory,theres anincreasedurgency insuch regulation,particularly amongthose whowory thatdevelopers willcome inandbuy upswaths ofhousing toflip fora fortuneon theshort-term rentalmarket.In NewHampshire,where therental vacancyrate hasdropped belowI percent,housing andopens thepotentialforlocal taxeson topof anew statelevy,the Globereported.Bostontook thingseven further,limiting whois authorizedto rentout theirhome,and requiringrentersto registerwith thecitys InspectionalServicesDepartmentHornsaid similarregistration requirementscould benefitother strugglingcitiesandtowns.The onlywayto solvethe issue,however;isby creatingmore housingIf wewantto makea changeinthe housingmarket,the mainone iswehave tobuilda lotmore.

26.Which ofthefollowingistrue ofNew England[A]Its housingsupplyis ata verylow level[B]Its communitiesare inneedof funding[C]lts rentalvacancyrateis goingup slowly.[D]lts homeprices reunder strictcontrol.A

27.The billmentioned inParagraph2was intendedto[A]curb short-term rentalspeculation.[B]ensure thesupply ofcheap housing[C]punishillegal dealingsinhousing[D]allow afree short-term rentalmarket.DText3Ifyoure headingfor yournearestbranch ofWaterstonesin searchoftheDuchess ofSussexs newchildrensbookThe Bench,you mighthave to be preparedto huntarounda bit,the samemay betrue ofThePresidents Daughter;thenewthriller byBill Clintonand JamesPatterson.Both ofthese booksarepublished nextweek byPenguin Random House,a companycurrently involvedina stand-off withWaterstones.The problembegan latelast year,when PenguinRandomHouseconfirmed thatit hadintroduced acreditlimit withWaterstones ata verysignificant level.The trademagazine TheBooksellerreported thatWaterstonesbranch managerswerebeing toldtoremove PRHbooks fromprominentareas suchas tables,display spacesand windows,andwerequietly retiringthem totheir relevantsections.PRH declinedto commentontheissue,but aspokesperson forWaterstones toldme:Waterstones arecurrentlyoperating withreduced credittermsfrom PRH,the onlypublisher intheUK toplace anylimitationson ourability totrade.We arenot boycottingPRH titlesbut weare doingour utmostto ensurethatavailability forcustomers remainsgood despitethe loweroverall levelsof stock.We dothis generallybygiving theirtiles lessprominent positioningwithin ourbookshops.We arehopeful withour shopsnowopen againthat normalitywill returnand thatwewillbe allowedto buyappropriately.Certainly,our shopsareexceptional!busy andbook salesare verystrong.The salesfor ourMay BooksoftheMonth surpassedanymonth since

2018.vIn themeantime,PRH authorshave beenthe losers-as havecustomers,who mightexpectthenew titlesfromthe countrysbiggest publishertobeprominently displayedby itsbiggest book

32.Why didWaterstones shopsrefire PRHbooks totheir relevantsections[A]To makethem easilynoticeable[B]To complywith PRHsrequirement|C|To respondto PRHsbusiness move[D]To arrangethem insystematicwayc

33.What messgedoes thespokesperson forWaterstones seemto convey[A]Theircustomersremain loyal[B]The creditlimit willbe removed[C]Their stockis underestimated.[D]The bookmarket israther slackA

34.Whatcan beone consequenceofthecurrent dispute[A]Sales ofbooks bymid-list PRHwriters falloff considerably.[B]Lesser-known PRHwriters becomethe targetofcriticism[C]Waterstones staffhesitatetopromote big-name authorsbooks[D]Waterstones branchessuffer aseverereduction inrevenue.。