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2023中考英语重难点专练专题17被动语态一被动语态的句型句型构成例句主语+be+过去分词肯定句English isspoken everywhere.至ll处有人说英语+by…主语+be+not+过否定句English isntspoken bypeople here.这里的人不说英语去分词+by...Be+主语+过去分一Was Tomasked tocome early汤姆被要求早点来吗一般疑问句词+by...一Yes,he was.是的,他被要求了/No,he wasn
91.不,他没有特殊疑问词+be+主Why wasthis bridgedestroyed by the government政府为什么要拆毁这特殊疑问句语+过去分词座桥??+by…二被动语态的各种时态形式时态结构例句History ismade by the people.历史是人们创造的主语+am/is/are+过一般现在时These books are designedfor children.这些书是为孩子们设去分词+其他计的The letterwas writtenin English.这封信是用英语写的一般过去主语+was/were+过The carswere madein Shanghai.这些车是上海生产的时去分词+其他Your jobwill bekept openfor yourreturn.你的工作将保留到一般将来主语+will be+你回来时过去分词+其他When willthe workbe finished这项工作什么时候完成?A newrailway isbeing built.一条新铁路正在修建主语+am/is/am+现在进行Because mycar isbeing repaired,I haveto goto workby taxi.being+过去分词+其时因为我的车正在修理,所以我不得不坐出租车去上班他The hallwas beingbuilt lastyear.V mnot sureif itis主语+was/were+completed.这个个大厅去年正在修建,我不清楚建好了没有过去进行being+过去分词+其The roadwas beingwidened when I passedbythevillage.当我时他经过那个村庄时,道路正在加宽He has been sentto workin Shanghai.他已经被派往上海工现在完成主语+have/has been+作了时过去分词+其他Has thesports meetingbeen putoff untilnext Friday运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗?The roomhad beenbroken intobefore wecame.我们来之前过去完成主语+had been+过已经有人强行进过这间屋子时去分词+其他A newhotel hadbeen builtwhenIgot there.我到那儿时,一座新旅馆已经建好了Her temperatureshould betaken twicea day.她的体温应该天主语+情态动词+be+量两次情态动词过去分词+其他If heated,water canbe turnedinto vapour.如果受热,水会变成蒸气三被动语态的用法用法例句How isthis wordpronounced这个单词怎么发音?不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者The bookwas publishedin
2005.这本书是2005年出版的School will be openedin ourvillage.我们村将开办——所新的强调动作的承受者希望学校He issuspected ofrobbing thebank.有人怀疑他抢劫银行当动作的执行者是泛指时表示委婉或礼貌,避免提及动I have been toldmany timesnot tomake noises.有人多次告诉作的执行者我不要吵闹The lecturewill be made byJoe,who isa youngmusician from句法修饰的需要Italy.乔要做这个报告,他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家He wasborn inthis city.他出生在这个城市有些动词习惯上常用被动语态It isreported thathe isa professorfrom NewZealand.据报道,他是来自新西兰的一位教授四主动语态变被动语态说明例句The famous professor gavetwo lecturesin English.含有单个宾语的主动句,即”主语+谓语动一Two lectureswere givenbythefamousprofessor词+宾语”把主动句的宾语变为被动句的in English.主语,并依据上表(被动语态的各种时态那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告形式)谓语改为被动形式;如果需要说明They oftenask somequestions afterclass.动作的发出者,则需加上“by+主动句的一Some questionsare oftenasked bythem afterclass.主语(人称代词宾格)”他们经常在课后问一些问题The doctorgave mesome good advice on the含有双宾语的主动句,即“主语+间接宾语pronunciation.+直接宾语”当直接宾语是名词或代词时,一I wasgiven somegoodadviceonthepronunciation.可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变—Some goodadvice wasgiven tome onthe为被动的主语,而另一个保持不动但是,pronunciation.当直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前应加老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议上介词to或orWe callhim LiHua.含有复合宾语的主动句,即”主语+宾语+一He iscalled LiHua.我们叫他李华宾语补足语”把主动句的宾语变为被动They paintedthe roomwhite.句的主语,宾补保持不动(成为主语补足一The roomwas paintedwhite.他们把房间刷成了白语,简称主补)色【易错警示】感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补,变为被动语态时,需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to,即be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made todo sthThey sawher enter the meeting room just now.一She wasseen toenterthemeetingroomjustnow.刚才他们看见她进入了会议室They takegood careof thesechildren.含有动词短语(作谓语)的主动句谓一These childrenare takengood careof.他们把这些孩子语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被照顾得非常好动语态We shouldmake full use of the goodchance.一The goodchance should bemadefulluseof.我们应该充分利用这次好机会【易错警示】动词短语用于被动语态时,把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构,其后的介词和副词不可丢掉五主动形式表示被动意义情况例句说明主语的性质、特征的动词,用主动形The clothwashes well.这种布料很容易洗.式表达被动意义,如lock,open,read,sell,A freshlybaked cakedoesn9t cuteasily.刚烤好的蛋糕teach,wash,write等不容易切This pieceof musicsounds good.这段音乐听起来表示感官的连系动词,用主动形式表达被不错动意义,如smell,feeb taste,sound等Mooncakes tastedelicious.月饼尝起来很美味某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被The bikeneeds repairing.这辆自行车需要修理动意义,如need,want,require,worth等Your hairwants cutting,你的头发该理了o【知识拓展】常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组be seated坐着,就座be hidden躲藏be lost迷路be drunk喝醉be dressed穿着被动语态记忆口诀被动语态记忆口诀被动语态强调”宾丁用be加上”过去分““be”要随着主语变,人称时态要弄准”行为对象”作主语,逻辑主语“by”来引原句若是双宾语,一变“主“来一保“宾”“间宾”要把主语变,原来“直宾“还是“宾”“直宾”要把主语变,“间宾“前加“to”最称心唯有原“宾“是“复合“,只有变宾要当心原句“宾补“变“主补”,位置不必挪寸分情态动词变“被动”,情态加be加过分如若情态后带to,变后有to才弄准“短语动词”变“被动“,相当“及物“莫疑心不过其后“介“或“副”,变后还得要承认动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一考题多以具体的语境为主,体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查中考考查重点
1.被动语态的句型;
2.被动语态的各种时态形式;
3.被动语态的用法;
4.主动语态变被动语态;
5.主动形式表示被动意义典例解析[2020・无锡市]The bushfires inAustralia aftera fewmonths,leaving millionsofanimals dead.A.were run out B.run outC.were put out D.put out【答案】C【解析】句意澳大利亚的丛林大火在几个月后被扑灭,造成了数以百万计的动物死亡考查一般过去时的被动语态及动词短语辨析runout耗尽;putout扑灭根据句意可知,这里指的是大火被扑灭,又因讲的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态故选C
一、单项选择
1.(2022•内蒙古•中考真题)一What amess!The sharingbikes everywhere.一Lets collectand putthemin theright placeso that they canbe usedconveniently.A.throw B.threw C.is thrownD.are thrown
2.(2022・辽宁抚顺•统考中考真题)Its saidthatthekite inChina over2000years ago.A.invents B.invented C.was inventedD.is invented
3.(2022•湖南株洲•统考中考真题)Three Chineseastronauts(宇航员)to ChinaSpace Stationsuccessfullyon June5,
2022.A.sent B.are sentC.were sent
4.(2022・山东济南・统考中考真题)The storyof Xiaohuiis sotouching thatit willnever byus.A.is forgottenB.forget C.be forgottenD.forgot
5.(2022・广西河池・统考中考真题)Some newschools in our citynext year.A.are builtB.were builtC.will buildD.will bebuilt
6.(2022•广西百色•统考二模)So far,many peopleslives withthe helpof thedoctorsand nurses.A.are savedB.were savedC.will besaved D.have beensaved
7.(2022•江西南昌•模拟预测)Dont eatthe cake.It in the fridgefor morethan aweek.A.will bekept B.keeps C.has beenkept D.kept
8.(2022・湖北黄石•校联考模拟预测)一The airinthepark isreally fresh!一Exactly!A lotof more trees inthe lastfew yearshere.A.have plantedB.were plantedC.planted D.have beenplanted
9.(2022•江西景德镇.统考一模)Recently,the AwakeningAge(《觉醒年代》)that talksabout Chinasrevolutionarystories byyoung peoplein ourcountry.A.is welcomedB.has welcomedC.has beenwelcomed D.was welcomed
10.(2022•新疆乌鲁木齐•统考一模)So far,new energyautomobiles(汽车)by moreand morepeoplein ourcity.A.will useB.willbeused C.have usedD.have beenused
11..(2022•广西贵港・统考三模)—To protectthe environmentinourcity,moretreesonboth sidesof thestreets.——Youre right.A.should plantB.should beplant C.shouldbeplanted D.is planted
12.(2022・甘肃天水•校联考模拟预测)This storybookwelland itsreally worthA.sells;to readB.is sold;reading C.has beensold;reading D.sells;reading
13.(2022•黑龙江哈尔滨・哈尔滨市第四十九中学校校考模拟预测)一I amweak inreading.Every time,I alwaysmake somemistakeswith readingquestions.一I know.But Ithink thereading methodsyou areused to.A.need improvingB.needing toimprove C.need toimprove
14.(2022•广西柳州•统考一模)The oldman after.A.needs lookingB.need tolook C.needs look
15.(2022-四川凉山•统考模拟预测)The ticketsfor FantasticBeasts:The Secretsof Dumbledorewell,and theywill soon.A.are sold;sell outB.are sold;be soldoutC.sell;sell outD.sell;be soldout
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
16.(2022•西藏•统考中考真题)We areasked(take)our temperatureevery day.
17.(2022•甘肃定西•统考二模)In orderto livein abetter place,the naturalenvironment must()protect byall thepeople.
18.(2022•江苏无锡•统考二模)一I reallyfind itdifficult tochoose onebetween thetwo types.()——Dont worry,madam.Both aremade ofsilk andwash easily.
19.(2022•黑龙江•统考一模)Your mobilephone needs(turn)off whilehaving ameeting.
20.(2022•湖南永州・统考模拟预测)We mustobey thetraffic rulesbecause manypeople()kill intraffic accidentsevery year.
三、完成句子
21.(2020・辽宁营口・统考中考真题)许多明信片正在这家商店出售Many postcardsarein thisshop.
22.(2022・广东广州・执信中学校考三模)冰箱里三分之二的食物已经被吃光了Two thirdsofthefood inthe fridge_______________________________already.
23.(
2022.辽宁鞍山•校考三模)你认为他的建议很值得考虑吗?Do youthink hissuggestions
24.(
2022.湖北恩施.统考一模)恩施许多景点值得参观(worth)Many placesof interestin Enshi.
25.(2022・甘肃定西•统考二模)所有的钱都被我花完了All ofthe moneyhas beenby me.
四、根据首字母填空
26.(2022•内蒙古•中考真题)More thanhalf ofthe worldsbooksarew inChinese,including historicalwritings andnovels.
27.(2022•四川•统考中考真题)We learnedin schoolthat personalcomputers werei in
1971.
28.(2022•广西桂林•统考中考真题)Sally wasw upby herclock thismorning.
29.(2022•四川成者R统考中考真题)Jiangnan,a famousarea inChina,has longbeen m♦in manyChinese poemsfor itsbeautiful style.
30.(2022•江苏苏州•校考一模)The badnews aboutthe poorboy wasquickly sall overthevillage.
五、根据汉语提示填空
31.(2019•江苏扬州•中考真题)In thepast,many riverswere seriously,but nowtheyare cleanedup.(污染)
32.(2022•湖北襄阳,统考中考真题)一The threeastronauts ofShenzhou XIVhavebeensent intospacesuccessfully.一What aninspiration tous all!And itsreported that(这座空间站将由中国独立完成).(complete)
33.(2022•广西梧州统考中考真题)I willbe(邀请)to Lilysbirthday party.♦
34.(2022•四川雅安•校考一模)The bookhasbeen(借)for along time.
35.(2022•广西贺;H、|.统考一模)Students shouldbe(教育)to carefor theold.
六、改写句子
36.(2022•江苏南通・统考中考真题)They sella lotof thingsin Oxfamshops tohelp peoplein need.(改为被动语态)A lotof thingsin Oxfamshops tohelp peoplein need.
37.(2022•贵州黔西•统考中考真题)Schools usuallydont allowstudents towear theirown clothesatschool.(改为被动语态)Students usuallynot towear theirown clothesat school.
38.(2022•上海・统考中考真题)The researchgroup discovereda newkind ofinsect lastweek.(改为被动语态)A newkind ofinsect bythe researchgroup lastweek.
39.(2022•新疆伊犁•校考一模)We shouldclean theclassroom every day.(改为被动语态)Theclassroom shouldeveryday.
40.(
2022.甘肃天水•校联考模拟预测)Jack oftenmakes hisbrother cry(.改为被动语态)His brotheroftenmade cryby Jack.。