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短文改错对考生的要求较高,是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,考生在短文改错上往往失分较多接下来是小编为大家整理的冲刺2020高考英语短文改错考点,希望大家喜欢!冲刺2020高考英语短文改错考点一短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and,but,or,so等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语严格说来,这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误真题单句归纳
(1)We triedto fixit and there wasnothing wecould do.(and改为but,因此处语意转折)
(2)She wassmiling butnodding atme.(but改为and,因此处并无转折之意(全国)
(3)It1ooks asif myparentstreat meas a visitor anda guest,(and改为or,avisitor和a guest应是选择关系,意思是“好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”)
(4)The foodwas expensiveandtheservice wasgood.(and改为but,此处意义发生转折)
(5)My grandmawas thebest cookin theworld butcould makethemostdelicious dishes.(but改为and,此处表示并列,而不是转折)(江苏卷)冲刺2020高考英语短文改错考点二错词考点错词的情况最为复杂,大致可分为虚词选择错误、实词词形错误、同(近)义、形似词选择错误等虚词选择错误
①介词或副词选择错误这种情况极为复杂,各种情况都有可能这里只提供几组作为参考before/ago,among/between,after/in,below/under,on/above/over,across/through,except/besides,with/in(用),to/for(对于),like/as等2连词选择错误或连词与介词混淆如because/for(since,as),if/whether,if/unless,so as/so that,hardly…when/no sooner…than,while/when,till/until等
③感叹句用词选择错误how/what0
④冠词选择错误a/an,a(an)/the0实词词形错误
①名词词形错误名词的单复数形式,特别注意不规则名词的复数形式;名词的所有格,特别注意不规则复数名词的所有格,如the childrens;名词所有格的绝对形式如My sonis olderthan myelder brother*s.
②动词词形错误不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误,特别注意几组易于混淆的词,如lie(躺)/lie(说谎)/lay;hang(挂)/hang(绞死);find/found(建立);fall/fell(砍倒);bear(忍受)/bear(生育)等的过去式与过去分词非谓语动词用法的选择,特别是充当状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是现在分词(取决于主语、名词中心词与宾语的关系);在to后是用不定式还是动名词(取决于to是介词还是小品词);以及在并列结构中后面动词的形式,必须与第1个动词保持一致谓语动词时态形式的选择,是现在时还是过去时还是其他时态;情态动词和will(would),shall(should)等助动词后面的动词形式的选择(只能用原形)3形容词与副词词形错误是用原级、比较级还是级,是加more,most还是加-er,-est构成比较级和级4词性选择错误不同的词性充当不同的包壬成分,要注意实词的词性是否适合其功能,不符合则应换用适当的派生词其中特别要注意连系动词后常用形容词充当表语,而不用副词如He feelscold.作状语用副词,而不用形容词如He workswell.同义词、近义词、形似词选择错误这里举一些常见的例子accept/receive,alive,living/lively,allow/let,alone/lonely,aloud/loudly,already/yet/still,also/too/either,number/amount/quantity,answer/reply,asleep/sleepy/sleeping,bring/take/fetch/carry,clothes/clothing,deep/deeply,cost/spend/take/pay,hard/hardly,high/highly,job/work,late/lately,lend/borrow,raise/rise,say/speak/tell/talk,sit/seat,sound/noise/voice冲刺2020高考英语短文改错考点三缺词考点缺一介词
①有些动词后有时有介词,有时没有介词,可能混淆而缺一介词如attenda meeting,但attend A to thepatient;prepare breakfast,但prepareA fortheexam;join us,但joinA ina game.
②表语形容词通常具有动词意义,很可能误以为是动词而漏掉介词如beafraid Aof nothing,be presentA at the meeting,be sureA aboutito
③except,instead of,from,since,till,until后面可跟另一介词词组充当介词宾语,可能会漏掉第2个介词如He cameon footinstead ofA bybike,big bearran outfrom Abehind atree.
④hundreds,thousands等后面可能漏掉of类似的还有millions Aof,dozens Aof,scores Aof缺一连词
①汉语常用意合法,分句与分句之间往往不用连词,但英语里不行如It beganto rain,A andthey hadto stopthe match.如果中间用分号可不用连词It waslate,A sowe wenthome.You likesports,A whileI drather read.He lookedfor thekey,A butdidn,t findit.
②受汉语影响,并列动词词组之间可能缺一个and如She smiledA andsaid good-bye toher father.
③名词性从句that分句置于句首或作同位语时不可缺少连词如A Thatshe isbeautiful isknown tous all.We heardthe newsA thatour teamhad won.
④even后可能缺少if或thougho如:He walksas Aif或though hewere drunk.缺一代词
①充当定语从句主语的关系代词不能缺少如The accidentA thathappened yesterdaywas veryserious.
②英语中用来替代前面的“Ihe+名词”的lhal单数和those复数,在汉语中往往很可能漏掉如The populationof Chinais muchlarger thanA thatof Japan.These shirtsare expensive,but Athose whichwe sawthe otherday wereevenmore expensive.缺一助动词或连系动词be
①表语不是名词时,可能缺少连系动词be,因为汉语在这种情况下不用“是”如:He A is afraidof hisfather.The matchAisover.
②被动语态中缺少助动词be,成了主动语态如:He hasA beenasked tosing inEnglish.
③完成体中缺少助动词have,成了一般过去时如:We realizedthat weA hadlost ourway.They Ahave livedhere since
1980.
④在倒装句中缺少助动词或情态动词如:Hardly Ahad Ireached thebus stopwhen thebus started.Seldom Ado Iget invitedinto theoffice alone.Only inthis wayA canyou learnEnglish well.缺一冠词
①在such或so+形容词与单数可数名词连用时,不可缺a an如:olie issuch A an honestboy thatall ofus likehim.This isso goodA abook thatI readit again.2表示“有些”时,little,few前面不可缺少ao如Don thurry.There isA alittle timeleft.3many前有great,good时,要加a如A agreat manypeople.若many后接单数名词,中间须有a an如Many A a manhas triedit before.
④一些不可数名词前,有形容词修饰表示“一种场等”时,要加a ano如It sA afamous Chinesetea.There wasAaheavy rainlast night.
⑤用专有名词表示“一个像叫……的人”时,用a an,如He wishedto beAaLei Feng.A AMr Wangcalled youup justnow.
⑥”形容词比较级+of thetwo…”前必须用the如He isA thebetter oneof thetwo.缺小品词to
①不定式充当各种成分,一般都不能缺少too如She wentthere A to seeher mother.He askedme notAtogo there.I havesomething importantAtotell you.
②make,let,have,see,hear,notice,observe,watch等动词变成被动语态时,充当主语补足语的不定式前的to需还原如She wasmade Ato doheavy work.The blindman wasseen Ato crossthe street.从句考点规律分析短文改错对从句引导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词、引导词的误加与漏用、将不是从句的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等真题单句归纳
(1)In thelast fiveyears that they,ve climbedchurches,highbuildings andtelevision towers.(去掉that,因此处的in thelast fiveyears为时间状语,其后无需用that)(全国卷)
(2)Charles said,“As soonI seea reallytall building,I wanttoclimb it.(I前加as,因为as soonas为引导时间状语从句的引导词)(全国卷)
(3)Most peoplecan quicklyget helpfrom adoctor orgo toa hospitalsincethey areill.(since改为when/if/whenevero从句意上看此处用since讲不通,改为if/when/whenever均可)(全国卷)
(4)However,there arestill somecountries therepeople haveshorterlives,(there改为where,where在此引导定语从句)(全国卷)
(5)in otherplaces whereyou are1imited toa certainnumber,of whichsomemay benovels.(去掉where,in otherplaces在此为地点状语)(全国卷)
(6),,,in otherplaces youare1imited toa certainnumber,of thatsomemay benovels,(that改为which,因介词后要用which来引导定语从句)(全国卷)
(7)…and whetheryou paythe costof sendinga postcard,the librarianwillwrite toyou.(whether改为if,表示“如果”时,不能用whether)(全国卷)
(8)I alsoenjoyed theevenings whenwe spenttogether.(去掉when或将when改为that,因这里的定语从句中谓语动词(spent)缺宾语,故只能用关系代词that或将其省略)(全国卷)
(9)I livein Beijing,where isthe capitalof China,(where改为which,要填关系代词作主语)(全国卷)
(10)…but itdidn tmatter thatI wouldwin or not.(that改为whether,whether与ornot搭配,表示是否)(全国卷)
(11)T feltso nervousas Ishook likea leaf,(as改为that,so…that…为固定句式,其中的that引导结果状语从句)(全国卷)
(12)In oneclass,I learnedit rained.(it前加why,why在此表原因)(北京春季卷)
(13)For example,when hebought achocolate cake,he putit inasecret placewhere I couldn,t find.(where改为that/which,或去掉where,Icouldn,t find为修饰place的定语从句,其前用关系代词,也可省略)(北京春季卷)
(14)Tt wasabout noonwe arrivedatthefoot ofthe mountain.(we前加when,时间状语从句缺少连词引导)(全国卷)
(15)Besides,I havefew friends,I dont knowthattheydon tliketo talkwith me.(that改为why,why引导宾语从句,表示原因)(年全国卷)
(16)I havea goodfriend who s nameis LiuMei.(who s改为whose,因whos=who is,不仅结构错误,而且意思也不通;whose引导定语从句,表示“……的”)(福建卷)
(17)It has been fiveyears whenwe graduated,but thosememoriesarc assweet asever before,(when改为since,It is/hasbeen+时间段+since(谓语动词是短暂性动词)是固定句型,意为“自……以来有多久了”)(天津卷)。