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Section BDirections:In thissection,you aregoing toread apassage withten statementsattached toit.Each statementcontains informationgiven inone of the paragraphs.Identify theparagraphfrom whichthe informationis derived.You maychoose aparagraph morethanonce.Each paragraphis markedwith aletter.Answer thequestions bymarking thecorrespondingletter onAnswer Sheet
2.本文主要介绍了少数人拥有超强记忆的缘由，探讨了他们的幸运和不幸拥有超强记忆之人The Blessingand Curseof thePeople WhoNever Forget的福与祸一A handfulof peoplecan recallalmost every day oftheir livesin enormousdetail andafteryears ofresearch,neuroscientists arefinally beginningto understandhow theydo it.有少数人几乎能回忆起他们生活中每天的大量细微环节经过多年探讨之后，神经科学专家最终起先了解他们是怎么做到的HSAME Highlysuperior autobiographicalmemory orHSAM forshort,first cameto lightinthe early2000s,with ayoung womannamed JillPrice.Emailing theneuroscientist andmemoryresearcher JimMcGaugh oneday,she claimedthat shecould recallevery dayofher life since the age of
12.Could hehelp explainher experiences这种“超级自传体记忆”简称首次进入公众视野是在世纪初E43HSAM21一天，一位名叫古尔普莱斯的年轻女士给探讨记忆的神经科学专家吉姆麦克高夫发・・邮件，声称她可以回忆起岁以来每一天的生活麦克高夫能否帮助说明她的经验？
1243.A young woman soughtexplanation froma brainscientist whenshe noticedherunusual memory..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章43A youngwoman,explanation brainscientist段E【精析】细微环节归纳题定位段提到，一位名叫吉尔普菜斯的年轻女士给探讨E・记忆的神经科学专家吉姆麦克高夫发邮件，声称她可以回忆起岁以来每一天的生・12活麦克高夫能否帮助说明她的经验？题干中的是对定位段中her unusualmemory she的概括整个题干是对定位段的概could recallevery dayof herlifesince theage of12括归纳，故答案为E o
36.People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary peoplewhen itcomes toimpersonalinformation.拥有“超级自传体记忆”者在记忆非个人信息方面和一般人一样幻想倾向不
37.Fantasy pronenesswill not necessarily causepeople todevelop HSAM.确定会导致人们形成“超级自传体记忆”
38.Veiseh beganto rememberthe detailsof hiseveryday experiencesafter hemet hisfirstyoung love.在遇到自己的初恋后，维瑟起先能记住生活中的每个细微环节人名，专出名词易定位段——BC
39.Many morepeople with HSAM startedto contactresearchers due to the mass media.得益于大众传媒更多的“超级自传体记忆”者起先和探讨者取得了联系“超级
40.People withHSAM often have to make effortsto avoidfocusing onthe past.自传体记忆”者不得不努力不去关注过去
41.Most peopledo nothave clearmemories ofpast events.大部分人对过去发生的事务没有清晰的记忆
42.HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.“超级自传体记忆”是福也是祸
43.A youngwoman soughtexplanation froma brainscientist whenshe noticedherunusual memory.一位年轻女士发觉自己的超常记忆力向脑科学家寻求说明一些
44.Some people withHSAM find it very hardto get rid of unpleasant memories.“超级自传体记忆”者发觉忘掉不开心的记忆特别困难
45.A recentstudy ofpeople withHSAM revealsthat they are liable to fantasyand fullabsorption in an activity.一项关于拥有“超级自传体记记”者的探讨表明他们有幻想倾向和聚精会神于某种活动的倾向A Formost of us,memory isa messof blurredand fadedpictures ofour lives.As muchaswe wouldlike tocling onto ourpast,even thesaddest momentscan bewashed awaywithtime.对于大多数人而言，记忆就像一本渐渐模糊褪色的人生画册无论我们多想A41要抓住过去，即使最苦痛的时刻也会随着时间而消逝
41.Most peopledo nothave clearmemories ofpast events..【定位】由题干中的和定位41Most people,memories past）【精析】细微环节归纳题定位段指出，对于大多数人而言，记忆就橡一本渐渐A模糊褪色的人生画册无论我们多想要抓住过去，即使最苦痛的时刻也会随着时间而消逝也就是说，大部分人对过去发生的事务没有清晰的记忆题干是对定位段的概括，故答案为）A o）B AskNima Veisehwhat he was doingfor anyday in the past15years,however,andhe willgive youthe detailsoftheweather,what hewas wearing,or evenwhat sideof thetrainhewassitting onhis journeyto work.“My memoryis likea libraryof videotapes,walk-throughs ofevery dayof mylife fromwaking tosleeping Jhe explains.）但是，假如你问尼玛维瑟过去年中随意一天在做什么，他会告知你从当天的B・15天气状况到他的衣着，甚至他去上班时坐在火车的哪一侧等全部细微环节“我的记忆就像一个存放录像带的图书馆，完全记录我生活中从睁眼醒来到入睡的每一天，”他说明道）C Veisehcan evenput a date onwhen thosetapes startedrecording:15December2000,when hemet hisfirst girlfriendat hisbest friends16th birthdayparty.He hadalwayshad agood memory,but thethrill ofyoung loveseems tohave shifteda gearin hismind:from nowon,he wouldstart recordinghis wholelife indetail.I couldtell youeverythingabout everyday afterthat.”维瑟甚至能说出这些“录像带”起先录像的时间年月C3820001215日那天，他在最好挚友的岁生日晚会上遇见了他的初恋女友他之前记忆力始16终都很好，但是年轻爱情的冲动好像拨动了他脑中的某个机关从那以后，他起先能记录一生中的每个细微环节“我能告知你从那以后每天发生的全部事”
38.Veiseh beganto rememberthe detailsof hiseveryday experiencesafter hemet hisfirstyoung love..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段38Veiseh firstyoung loveC）【精析】细微环节归纳题定位段主要介绍了维瑟的超强记忆启动的经验在最C好挚友的生日晚会上遇到自己的初恋后，维瑟起先能记住生活中的每个细微环节题干是对定位段的概括总结，故答案为）C O神经科学D Needlessto say,people likeVeiseh areof greatinterest toneuroscientists专家hoping tounderstand theway thebrain recordsour lives.A coupleof recentpapershave finallyopened awindow onthese peoplesextraordinary minds.And suchresearchmight evensuggest waysfor usall torelive ourpast withgreater clarity.毋庸多言，那些想了解大脑如何记录人类生活的神经科学专家对维瑟这样的人抱D有极大的爱好最近一些学术论文最终揭开了这些人的非凡记忆力的冰山一角，这些探讨甚至可能指引我们找到方法去更加清楚地重现我们过去的生活段以尼玛维瑟的超强记忆力为例，说明科学家对超强记忆的爱好，及对此探A—D・讨的意义E Highlysuperior autobiographicalmemory orHSAM forshort,first cameto lightinthe early2000s,with ayoungwomannamed JillPrice.Emailing theneuroscientist andmemoryresearcher JimMcGaugh oneday,she claimedthat shecould recalleverydayofher lifesincetheageof
12.Could hehelp explainher experiences这种“超级自传体记忆”简称首次进入公众视野是在世纪初E43HSAM21一天，一位名叫古尔普莱斯的年轻女士给探讨记忆的神经科学专家吉姆麦克高夫发・・邮件，声称她可以回忆起岁以来每一天的生活麦克高夫能否帮助说明她的经验？12F McGaughinvited herto hislab,and beganto testher:he wouldgive heradateand askherto tellhim aboutthe worldevents onthat day.True toher word,she wascorrectalmost everytime.麦克高夫邀请她来他的试验室，并起先对她进行测试他给出一个日期，让她说出F那天发生的世界大事结果不悖其言，她几乎每次都能回答正确G Itdidnt takelong formagazines anddocumentary film-makers tocome tounderstandher totalrecall”,and thanksto thesubsequent mediainterest,a fewdozen othersubjectsincluding Veisehhave sincecome forwardand contactedthe teamat the University ofCalifornia,Irvine.没用多长时间，杂志和纪录片导演便来了解她的“全面回忆”得益于这些G39媒体后续的爱好，几十个其他的受试者包括维瑟自告奋勇，与加利福尼亚高校欧文分校的探讨团队取得了联系
39.Many morepeople withHSAM startedto contactresearchers due to themass media..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段39contact,duetomedia G）【精析】同义转述题定位段指出，得益于这些媒体后续的爱好，几十个其他的G受试者（包括锥瑟）自告奋勇，与加利福尼亚高校欧文分校的探讨团队取得了联系题干中的是对定位句中的dueto themassmedia thankstothesubsequent mediainterest的同义转述；题干中的对应定位句中的故答案为）researchers theteam Go）H Interestingly,their memoriesare highlyself-centred:although theycan remember“autobiographical“lifb eventsin extraordinarydetail,they seemto beno betterthan（随意选取的）average atrecalling impersonalinformation,such asrandom listsof words.Nor arethey necessarilybetter atremembering around ofdrinks,say.And althoughtheirmemories arevast,they arestill likelyto sufferfrom“false memories^^.Clearly,there isnosuch thingas a“perfect“memory-their extraordinaryminds arestill usingthe sameflawedtools thatthe restofusrely on.The questionis,how）（）好玩的是，他们的记忆是高度自我中心化的尽管他们能够特别具体地H36记住“自传式”生活事务，但是在记忆非个人信息方面，比如随机排列的单词，他们好像不比一般人强再如，他们也不能更好地记住一圈饮料的依次尽管这些人的记忆力特别强大，他们仍旧很可能会承受“虚假记忆”之苦很明显，世上不存在什么“完备无瑕”的记忆——他们产生非凡记忆力的工具和我们一般人所依靠的是一样有瑕疵的问题在于，怎么会这样？
36.People withHSAM havethe samememory asordinary peoplewhen itcomes toimpersonalinformation..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段第一句36memory impersonalinformation H）【精析】同义转述题定位句说明白拥有“超级自传体记忆”者的记忆特征是高H度自我中心化的；尽管他们能够特别具体地记住“自传式”生活事务，但是在记忆非个人信息方面，比如随机排列的单词，他们好像不比一般人强题干中的havethe是对定位句中的的samememoryasordinarypeople seemto beno betterthan average同义转述，故答案为）Ho））段介绍这项探讨的起始状况，提出“超级自传体记忆（）这一概E—H HSAM念，指出拥有超强记忆的人其记忆是高度自我中心化的）I LawrencePatihis attheUniversityof SouthernMississippi recentlystudied around20people withHSAM andfound that they scoredparticularly highon twomeasures:fantasy（倾向）proneness and absorption.Fantasy pronenesscould beconsidered a tendency toimagineand daydream,whereas absorptionis thetendency toallow yourmind tobecome一（感受）fully absorbedin anactivity topay completeattention tothe sensationsand」the experiences.Fm extremelysensitive tosounds,smells andvisual detailexplainsNicole Donohue,who hastaken partin manyof thesestudies.I definitelyfeel thingsmorestrongly thanthe averageperson.”）（）南密西西比高校的劳伦斯帕特西斯近来探讨了差不多位拥有“超I4520♦级自传体记忆”者，发觉他们在幻想倾向和专注力两方面得分特殊高幻想倾向可以理解为想象和做白日梦的倾向，而专注力则是使自己的思维聚精会神于某种活动（对感受和经验投人全部的关注）的倾向“我对声音、气味和视觉信息特别敏感，”尼古拉唐纳休说明道，他参与了不少这样的探讨，“我对事物的感受的确比常人更・剧烈”
45.A recentstudy ofpeople withHSAM revealsthat theyare liableto fantasyand fullabsorptionin anactivity..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段第一,46fantasy,absorptioninanactivityI）【精析】同义转述题定位句指出，南密比高校的劳伦斯帕特西斯近I・二句来探讨了差不多位拥有“超级自传体记记者，发觉他们在幻想倾向和专注力两20方面得分特殊高幻想倾向可以理解为想象和做白日梦的倾向而专注力则是使自己的思维全神惯注于某种活动（对感受和经验投入全部的关注）的倾向题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为）I）J Theabsorption helpsthem toestablish strongfoundations forrecollection,saysPatihis,and thefantasy pronenessmeans thatthey revisitthose memoriesagain andagain，in thecoming weeksand months.Each timethis initialmemory traceis“replayed itbecomeseven stronger.In someways,you probablygo throughthat processafter abigevent likeyour weddingday-but thedifference isthat thanksto theirother psychologicaltendencies,the HSAMsubjects aredoing itday in,day out,for thewhole oftheir lives.）帕特西斯说，专注力帮助他们筑建起记忆的坚固基础，幻想倾向则意味着他J们能在接下来的几周或几个月一再重现这些记忆初次记忆轨迹每被“重播”一次，记忆就变得越来越强大某种程度上，在某件大事，比如你的婚礼过后，你也可能会经验这种“重播”过程——但不同的是，拥有“超级自传体记忆”者会在一生中的每一天都进行“重播”，这是他们的其他心理倾向造成的）K Not everyone withatendencyto fantasisewill develop HSAM,though,so Patihissuggeststhat somethingmust havecaused themto thinkso muchabout theirpast.“Maybe（着迷）some experiencein theirchildhood meantthattheybecame obsessedwithcalendars andwhat happenedto them,^^says Patihis.但是，不是每一个有幻想倾向的人都能发展出“超级自传体记忆”，K37所以帕特西斯认为确定存在触发他们不停回忆过去的开关“或许他们童年时代的某种经验使得他们着迷于日历和发生过的事情，”拍特西斯说
37.Fantasy pronenesswill notnecessarily causepeople todevelopHSAM..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章段第一句37Fantasy developHSAM K【精析】同义转述题定位句提到，不是每一个有幻想倾向的人都能发展出“超K级自传体记忆题干中的是对定位句中的的同Fantasy pronenessa tendeocyto fantasise义转述；题干中的对应定位句中的故答案为notnecessarilyNoteveryoneKoo分析拥有超强记忆的缘由，指出拥有超强记忆的人具有更强的幻想倾向和专注I—K力L ThepeoplewithHSAM Iveinterviewed wouldcertainly agreethat itcanbea mixedblessing.On theplus side,it allowsyou torelive themost transformativeand enrichingexperiences.Veiseh,for instance,travelled alot inhis youth.In hisspare time,he visitedthelocal artgalleries,and thepaintings arenow lodgeddeep inhis autobiographicalmemories.我所采访的拥有“超级自传体记忆”者确定都会赞同这种实力福祸相依好L42的方面是它可以使人重温最变更人生、最丰富的经验比如维瑟，他年轻的时候去了许多地方，空闲时间就去参观当地美术馆，而那些画作现在深深扎根于他的自传体记忆中
42.HSAM canbe botha curseandablessing..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段第一句42HSAM blessing L）【精析】同义转述题定位句提出了文章主题“超级自传体记忆”是福也是祸L下文分别举例说明福和祸的具体内容题干中的是对定位bothacurseandablessing句中的的同义转述，意为“祸福相依”，故答案为）a mixedblessingL）M“Imagine beingabletoremember everypainting,on everywall,in everygallery space,between nearly40countries/he says.Thats abig educationin artby itself.”With thiscomprehensiveknowledge ofthe historyof art,he hassince becomea professionalpainter.“想象一下能够记起近个国家的每一个美术馆中每一面墙上的每一幅画，”M40他说“这本身就是宏大的艺术教化”凭借着对艺术史的渊博学识，他因此成了一名专业画家N Donohue,now ahistory teacher,agrees thatit helpedduring certainparts ofhereducation:“I candefinitely rememberwhat Ilearned oncertain daysat school.I couldimaginewhat theteacher wassaying orwhat itlooked likein thebook.”唐纳休现在是一名历史老师，她同意“超级自传体记忆”对她教化的特定方N面有帮助“我能清楚记得某些天在学校学到的东西我能想象老师在说什么，以及书本上看起来是什么样O Noteveryone withHSAM hasexperienced thesebenefits,however.Viewing thepastin highdefinition canmake itvery difficultto getover painand regret.It canbe veryhardto forgetembarrassing moments/9says Donohue.“You feelthe sameemotions——itis just as raw,just asfresh...You cantturn offthat streamof memories,no matterhowhard youtry.Veiseh agrees:It islike havingthese openwounds—theyarejustapart ofyou,he says.但不是每个拥有“超级自传体记忆”的人都能体会这些好处对过去记得太清o44楚就会很难从苦痛和缺憾中解脱出来“很难遗忘那些尴尬的瞬间，”唐纳休说，“你会体会那些一样鲜活的心情……无论多么努力去尝试，你都无法关掉回忆的闸门”维瑟同意地说道“就像带着恒久无法愈合的伤口——它们已经成为你的一部分”
44.Some peoplewithHSAMfind itvery hardto getrid ofunpleasant memories..【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章段第
一、二句44HSAMfinditveryhard O）【精析】同义转述题定位句提到，不是每一个拥有“超级自传体记忆”的人都O能体会这些好处对过去记得太清楚就会很难从苦痛和缺憾中解脱出来题干中的和分别对应定位句中的和getridofunpleasantmemories getover painand题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为）regret.Oo）P Thismeans theyoftenhave tomakea specialeffort tolay the past torest.Bill,forinstance,often getspainful“flashbacks”,in whichunwanted memoriesintrude intohisconsciousness,but overallhe haschosen tosee itas thebest wayof avoidingrepeating thesamemistakes.Some peopleare absorbedinthe past butnot opento newmemories,butthats notthe casefor me.I lookforward toeach dayand experiencingsomething new.”）（）这意味着他们经常不得不付出特别的努力来放下过去的回忆例如比P40尔就经常遭受苦痛的“闪回”，不想要的问忆入侵他的意识，不过总体上他选择视其为避开犯同样错误的最佳方法“有些人沉醉于过去而不情愿开启新的记忆，但我不会这样，我期盼每一天，期盼体验簇新事物”
40.People withHSAM oftenhave tomake effortsto avoidfocusing onthe past.【定位】由题干中的和定位到文章）段笫一句
40.havetomake effortsthepastP）【精析】同义转述题定位句提到，这意味着他们经常不得不付出特别的努力来P放下过去的回忆依据上下文可知，原文中的指的就是题干中的they Peoplewith题干中的是对定位句中的的同HSAM avoidfocusing onthepastlay thepast torestO义转述，故答案为）P））段论述拥有超强记忆的实力福祸相依，并举例说明L-P。
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