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4worthless adj.没用的，无价值的;品质坏的,不中用的5辨析worth,worthy,worthwhile易混词含义搭配worth beworth+n./pron./doing值得be worthyof+n./being donebeworthy值得…的worthy to be doneIt is worthwhiledoing sth.It isworthwhile值得做的worthwhile to do sth.［练习］1Sometimes wedecide that a littleunnecessary dangeris worthbecause when we weighthe riskandthe reward回寸艮，the riskseems worthtake.2-What doyou thinkof thefilm TheWoman inBlack-Very wonderful.It is well worthsee.3Critics/kri ti k/say hispaintings areworth.4我们老师说这本书值得阅读___________________________________________________________________5这个花瓶一文不值_______________________________________________________________6Since you are interested in traditionalChinese culture,I thinkthis festivalis worthexperiencing.同义句,书换—Because of your interestin traditionalChinese culture,I thinkit is worthwhile/this festival.
12.Dont beso quickto judgeyour friend.不要这么快去评判你的朋友【知识点一】judge/d3A d3/lvt.vi.评价，指责;断定，判断常见搭配:judge...from/by...从/依据…来判断judge sb./sth.to be把某人/某物评价为・・.judge betweenright andwrong判断是非as faras I can judge据我判断You can*t judgea bookby itscover,Has theold sayinggoes.俗话说:“不能以貌取人”2n.法官;裁判员，评委3judgement n.判断;审判;意见;判断力常见搭配in one9s judgement在某人看来make ajudgement of/about/on sth对某事作出评价［练习］1my judgement,it isnecessary topay hima visit.2The newgovernment willmake ajudgement itsinterests and act accordingly.3露西被认为是最好的学生，她获得了奖学金，这使她父母非常高兴和满意___________________________________________________________,Lucy received a scholarship,which madeherparents verydelighted andsatisfied.
13.Perhaps sheknows shes in thewrong andwants toapologize,or maybeshe has a simpleexplanation forher behaviour.也许她知道自己错了，想要道歉，或许她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释【知识点一】in thewrong1有错，应承担责任⑵go wrong出差错⑶do sbwrong冤枉某人，不公平地对待某人【知识点二】apologize ISpDlod3al z/lvi.道歉;谢罪常见搭配:apologize to sb.for doing sth.因做某事向某人道歉apologize to sb.that...因…向某人道歉2apology n.道歉，谢罪常见搭配make an apology to sb.for doing sth.因做某事向某人道歉accept/refiise onesapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉offer sban apology向某人道歉owe sbanapology该向某人道歉［练习］1Um afraidI wasrather bad-temperedC/,baedtempod/yesterday;I thinkI oweyou anapologize.2I apologizeyou formy mistake.3He smiledpolitely asshe apologizedher behaviour.4You shouldinsist that he returnthe itemshes takenand make apology.5我们犯错以后，就应该道歉，把事情向对方说清楚After makinga mistake,to setthings straightwith others.【知识点三】behaviour/blhel vjor/⑴n.［U］行为，举止，态度常见搭配good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为be onone^best behaviour尽可能好地表现2behave vi.表现;举止规矩有礼;检点常见搭配behave+adv./prep.表现得…behave oneself举止规矩有礼behave well/badly举止得当/不当well-behaved/badly-behaved表现好的/差的［练习］1Mr Whiteis agentleman.He knowshow behave.2My cousinJim didntbehave heat the party andthus/dA s/left abad impressionon theguests.3The birdwatchers9behave showsthat theyonly care about thenames ofbirds.4我希望你们俩在爷爷家里乖乖的I wantyou bothto__________________________________________________at Grandads.
14.1n anycase,find anopportunity tohave afull andfrank talkwith her.无论如何,找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈一谈1n.具体情况，事例，案件;实情;特殊情况;诉讼;论据;容器常见搭配in caseof假使;如果;以防in anycase无论如何;不管怎样in that/which case既然那样;如果那样的话in nocase决不置于句首时，句子采用部分倒装as is often the case情况常常如此2case意为”情况;情形”时,若为定语从句的先行词,且从句中缺少状语时，定语从句的引导词多用where/inwhich o类7f以的词还有:point,situation,stage,position等［练习］2Take anumbrella withyou caseit rains.3is oftenthecase,teenagers arefond ofpopular things.4We cantcontrol whathappens tous inmost case,but we can controlhow wereact.4如遇火警，即按警铃__________________________________________________________________________5Anybody shouldin nocase be allowed tostay here.改为倒装句7anybody beallowed stayhere.［知识点二】frank/fraeijk/1adj.坦率的，直率的⑵frankly speaking坦率地说
1.11definitely understandhow youfeel.我确实理解你的感受【知识点一】definitely/defl notli/⑴adv.肯定,确实;确切地2definite adj.确定的
16.When Ifound out that I was trickedby him,Iwasreally hurtand let go of our friendship.当我发现我被他欺骗了,我真的很受伤，于是我放弃了这段友谊【知识点一】trick/tri k/⑴vt.欺痴欺诈常见搭配trick sbinto doing sth哄骗某人做某事trick sbout ofsth骗取某人的某物2n.诡计,花招;戏法;恶作剧;窍门常见搭配trick ortreat不给糖就捣乱万圣节前夜儿童挨家挨户讨糖吃时的用语play atrick/tricks on搞恶作剧;开玩笑play ajoke/jokes on=make funof=make afool of戏弄・・・【知识点二】letgoof1放弃，弃;松手，放开⑵含有let的其他常用短语let down…使…失望;放下…let off引爆;饶恕let alone更不用说let out发出叫声；放出;泄露
17.However,if yourfriend ignoresyour feelingsor makesyou suffer,its timeto rethinkyour relationship.然而，如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦，那就要重新考虑你们的关系了【知识点一】ignore/i gno:r/⑴vt.忽视，对…不予理会;不理睬2ignorant/I gnoront/adj.无知的;不了解的常见搭配be ignorantof/about sb/sth对某人/某事不了解3ignorance n.无佚口【知识点二】suffer/SA fsr/⑴vi,受苦，受难，受折磨;变差常见搭配suffer from...遭受・..；患…病;因…而痛苦3vt,遭受，蒙受常见搭配suffer a defeat/difit/遭受失败suffer punishment/pain遭受惩罚/痛苦suffer huge losses蒙受巨大损失suffer hunger忍受饥饿3易混辨析:suffer常跟pain,loss,hunger,damage,injury/I ndjiri/,adefeat等连用；suffer from常跟表示疾病的名词或具体造成不幸、痛苦的名词短语连用4sufferern.[C]受难者;患者5suffering n.[C,U]肉体或精神上的痛苦，苦难，折磨[练习]1Studies showthat peopleare morelikely tosuffer backproblems ifthey alwayssit beforecomputerscreens forlong hours.2The civil/si vol/war ofSyria/si ria/has broughtgreatsuffer totens ofthousands ofpeople.4She receivedmany lettersof supportfrom fellow/fehu/suffer.4医生问安患此重病多久了The doctorasked Annhow long_________________________________________the terribledisease.5He hassuffered fromcancer formany years.The suffererdecided togive upsmoking.用三日3胃语动彳可做4支语合并句子—_____________________________________________________________________,the suffererdecided togive upsmoking.【知识点三】Its timeto do sth.1是做某事的时候了⑵Its about/high timethat sbdid/should do sth.到了某人该做某事的时候了that后的从句要使用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语可用过去时态be动词用were,也可用should+动词原形:其中should不能省略
18.When Amyfound out,she exploredwith anger.当Amy发现的时候，她非常生气【知识点一】explode/i ksplou d/lvi.愤怒等感情爆发,迸发;爆炸⑵vt.使爆炸⑶explosion/i ksplou3Sn/n.爆炸
19.Then Igot acall froma friendwhom I hadnt contactedfor along time.然后我接到了一个许久未曾联络的朋友的电话【知识点一】contact/kD ntaekt/⑴vt.n・［U］联系，联络；接触常见搭配be incontact/touch with和…有联系be out of contact/touch with不口.••失去联系have/make contactwith和…取得联系lose contact/touch with和…失去联系keep contact/touch with和…保持联系
20.Amy is a generousperson.埃米是个宽宏大量的人【知识点一】generous/d3enor^s/ladj.宽宏大量的，仁慈的;慷慨的，大方的;丰富的常见搭配be generouswith sth.不吝啬某物be generousto sb.对某人慷慨大方It is generous ofsb.to do sth.某人做某事真是慷慨大度2反义词mean⑶generously adv.慷慨地;大房地4generosity djenorD soti/n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量［练习］1It wasgenerousher shareher collectionwith herfriends.2I shallnever forgetthe generousshown bythe Chinesepeople.3Wed liketo thankJim,who*s beenvery generoushis time.4Although he isgenerousmoney,heisreally meanhis assistant.5你能够原谅我的错误真是宽宏大量___________________________________________________________________[Grammar andusage]
5.Areal friendis someone whose supportwe cancount on.一个真正的朋友是我们可以依靠他的支持的人【知识点一】count on1依赖，依靠，指望常见搭配count onsb./sth.to do sth.指望某人/某物做某事count onsb./sth.doingsth.指望某人/某物做某事count onit that...指望...2同义短语:depend/rely on3count vi.数数;重要vt.认为;算作常见搭配:count from...to...从…数到…count sthup计算或清点总数count downto sth对某事倒计时count...as・••把・・.视为・・.count formuch/nothing很重要/毫无用处count sbin把某人算入;包括某人count sbout不把某人算入;不包括某人[练习]1The wholeteam countCristiano/kristiA nou/Ronaldo/ro nseldou/,and heseldom letsthem down.6The manageris nowin needof acapable/kei pobol/assistant thathe cancount ondealwith theproblems when heis away.7我就靠你来帮我啦Fmme.4我们都指望争取到这份合同WeYe all.
2.Yet thesedays,the moderntools thatkeep usconnected areeating awayat the meaning of friendship.然而去口今,使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的真义［知识点—］eat awayat1侵蚀，腐蚀，逐渐破坏［练习］1糖果会腐蚀掉她的牙齿Sweets will.2河水正在侵蚀着河岸The river.3他不断的批评使她逐渐丧失了自信心His constant/kD nstont/criticism/kri tisi zom/_____________________________________________________.
3.Social medialike blogshas come between us and thefriends whomwe love.博客等社交媒体损害了我们和我们所爱的朋友之间的关系［次口识点、一］comebetween...and...1损害…之间的关系,离间;妨碍［练习］1他设法干预吵架人之间的争端He triedtothe quarrelling/kwD rollg/men.2他突然意识到一个误会使他们之间产生了隔He suddenlyrealized that a misunderstanding________________________________________.
4.We shouldput downour smartphonesand meetthem in person.我们应该放下我们的手机，亲自去见他们【知识点一】inperson1亲自，亲身
5.Huck is a poorwhite boywhose fatheroften beatshim,while Jim is ablack slavewho/that longsto befree.哈克是一个贫穷的白人男孩儿，他的父亲经常打他，而吉姆是一个渴望自由的黑奴【知识点一】while的用法lwhile做并列连词，意为“而，然而“，表示对比，用来连接两个并列分句2while做从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当…的时候”，此时从句谓语通常用延续性动词3while做从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，从句常位于主句前面［练习］1判断下列句子中while的含义1I neverworried aboutmy sonwhile Iwas awaybecause mymother keptan eyeon him.2Warm colorslike yellowmake foodappear moreappetizing/aepi tai zi ij/弓I起食欲的，while coldcolors makeus feellesshungry.3While itwas hotat night,we sleptsoundly becausewe wereso tiredafter along journey.2______________________________________________________________尽管我真的不喜欢艺术，I findhiswork impressive.3________________________________________她睡着的时d英，thieves brokein andstole herhandbag.【知识点二】slave/slei v/1n.奴隶⑵slavery n.奴隶制【语法】关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
1.概念在复合句中修饰修饰名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句TheAttributive/tri bj凯I v/Clause/klo:z/o限制性定语从句不可以去掉，一旦去掉则主句的意思不完整定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词antecedent/,aenti sidsnt/,定语从句通常紧跟在先行词的后面引导4awkwardness n.尴尬［练习］1And theyare oftenassociated，’sou sieiti d/with clumsiness/klA mzinos/and awkward.2The oldman fellawkward andbroke his ankle/aegk9l/.3This boxis veryawkward forone personto carry.415岁是个尴尬的年纪15_________________________________________.5如果你事先做好准备，也不至于那么被动If youhad preparedin advance,you wouldntbe___________________________________________________.
3.Whether werewalking toschool,doing homeworkor justhanging outat theweekend,were hardlyout ofeach otherssight.无论我们是步行去学校，做家庭作业，还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎没有离开过彼此的视线【知识点一】sight/sal t/⑴n.［U］视力范围,视野;视力，视觉常见搭配out ofones sight脱离某人的视线lose onessight失明in sight在视野内，看得见come intosight出现have good/poor sight视力好/差2n.［pL］风景;名胜3n.［U］看见;［C］看见或看得见的事物，景象，情景常见搭配at thesight of一看见catch sightof看见；瞥见lose sightof再也见不着；忽略，忘记at firstsight乍一看；初次见到a commonsight常见的景象定语从句的词叫关系词关系词不仅引导定语从句，同时还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分
2.关系代词的用法:作用主语宾语定语who whom/who whose指人that thatof whom指物which thatwhich thatwhose ofwhich指人或物that thatwhose1which和that在定语从句中作主语时不可省略；若关系代词前有介词时，只能用whom指人,which指物或whose关系代词可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，这时做宾语的whom,which不能省略,E.g.The manwhom/who/that my teacher is talking withis myfather.—The manwith whommyteacheristalkingis myfather.2“动词+介词构成的动词短语一般情况下，动词短语拆开介词提前，意思不变的，则可以拆开，如talkwith=talk live in=live;动词短语拆开介词提前，意思改变的，则不可以拆开，如look forlook,look afterlook,但look,at,listen to,laugh atbelong towait for,hand in等例夕卜,不可以拆开E.g.The roomthat/which I live inis good.—The roomin whichI liveis good.Is this the bookwhich/thatheis lookingfor3whose通常可用the+n.+of whom/which或“ofwhom/which...the+n.”替换E.g.He helda smallchild whoseface I couldnt see.=He helda smallchild,the faceof whomI couldntsee.=He heldasmall child,of whomIcouldntsee theface.4关系代词用that不用which的情况
①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,something,everything,none,the one等或被不定代词修饰时
②先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
③先行词被the only,the very,the last,the same等修饰时
④先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时
⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
⑥当定语从句中又包含定语从句叱其中一个关系代词已经用了which,另一个宜用thato5关系代词只用which而不用that的情况一句话口诀:介词后、逗号后不可用that
①当从句中的介词提前，构成”介词+关系代词”结构时
②引导非限制性定语从句时［练习］L用适当的关系代词或“介词+关系代词”填空1William Hastieonce suggested that historyinforms/i n*fo m/us ofpast mistakeswecanlearnwithout repeatingthem.2BMI is an internationallyrecognized measurementtool givesan indication/I ndikei f n/oftwhether someoneisahealthy weight.3Many lessonsare nowavailable online,from studentscan choosefor free.4In ancientChina livedan artistpaintings werealmost lifelike.5They werewell trainedby theirmasters hadgreat experience with caringfor theseanimals.
2.选用适当的关系词补全下面的文章whose,who,that,which,asHello,everyone!Its a great pleasurefbr meto behere to share myEnglish learningexperiencewith the people1arefond ofEnglish.2the sayinggoes,nInterest isthe bestteacher.nSo the most importantthing3I dois to get myselfinterestedinEnglish.As asenior student,I getto knowhow tostudy and try mybest tobuild upmy vocabulary4isofgreat importanceinunderstanding all5I reador listento.That isthe reasonwhy everyday Iwill spendsome timememorizing keywords.Inaddition,I oftenwatch somemovies6stories aremoving orinteresting.In aword,if you want toimprove yourEnglish inhigh school,you shoulddo lotsof practice.［Integrated skills,Extended reading,Project,Assessment,Further studyl.It alsoleft methinking aboutwhat itreally meanstobea ngood friend,这也让我思考什么是真正的“好朋友”【知识点一】leave+宾语+宾语补足语1leave+宾语+现在分词2leave+宾语+形容词/副词3leave+宾语+名词多表示一种结果4leave+宾语+介词短语表示”让…处于某种状态、某地等”5leave+宾语+过去分词过去分词表示被动或动作已完成，其中宾语与构成宾语补足语的动词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系［练习］1Don*t leavethe waterrun whileyouarebrushing yourteeth.2He didntfeel excitedat thenews thatour teamwon thegame,leaving meconfuse.3Firefighters finallyput out the bigfire,which leftthe kitchenslightly damageand theoven/A von/completely destroy.4A goodstory doesnot necessarilyhave tohave ahappy ending,but thereader mustnot beleftsatisfy.5His remarksleft mewonder abouthis realpurpose.6请让门开着吧7别让她在雨中等候_______________________________________________________________________________8工作不要半途而废_______________________________________________________________________________9什么事使他离开了这么长时间__________________________________________________________________________
2.1n my opinion,the followingqualities formthe basis of afriendship.在我看来，下列品质构成了友谊的基础【知识点一】opinion/S pinjon/ln.意见,看法；群体的观点，信仰2常见搭酉己in ones opinion=from onespoint ofview=as faras sbbe concerned在某人看来hold/have anopinion that持有某个观点give/express/voice an/ones opinion提出/表达/发表一个/某人的意见/观点ones opinion about/on/of...某人对・・.的看法have agood/bad/high/low opinionof...对...评价攻子/不攻子/高/低ask for sb/sopinion询问某人的观点［练习］1We havedifferentopinion on the detailsof themeeting.2myopinion,what mattersis notthe speed,but thequality of the product.3—Mary don*t thinkmuch ofLi Yan.—在我看来,she isright.4He didnft发表他的观点on thematter.5She_________________________________________________对...评价高his abilities.【知识点二】quality/kwD loti/ln.［C］尤指好的人品，素质，品德⑵n.［C,U］特征;特质;特色3n.［C,U］质量;品质常见搭配of good/high/low quality质量好/高/低的常做表语和后置定语in quality在质量上常做状语air/water quality空气质量/水质improve thequality提高质量［练习］1判断下列句子中quality的含义1We aretrying ourbest toreduce costsand improvequality.2Considering herpersonal quaHtiesand experience,she isthe bestcandidate/kaendi dot/候选人for theposition ofgeneralmanager.3One qualityof woodis thatit canbum.2Our productsare good in quality,and theprice islow.同义句转换—Our products,and theprice islow.3月艮务质量in thisrestaurant hasimproved a lot.【知识点三】basis/bei sis/1n.pl.bases基础;原因；基准⑵常见搭配on thebasisof在…的基础上
1.1must respectand supportthe choiceshe makes.我必须尊重和支持他作出的选择【知识点一】respect/ri spekt/lvt.尊重，尊敬;遵守常见搭配respect sb./sth.尊敬某人/某物respect sb.as…尊敬某人为…respect sb./sth.for sth.因某事而敬佩某人/某物2n.尊敬,敬意;重视,尊重;方面，细节常见搭配win/gain/eam therespect of…赢得/获得…的尊敬send/give onesrespects tosb向某人致敬/问候have/show respectforsb.尊敬某人out ofrespect出于尊重in respectof=with respect to关于;就…而言in onerespect/in manyrespects在某个/许多方面⑶respectful adj,恭敬的;有礼貌的4respective adj.各自的5respectable adj,值得尊敬的［练习］1Our Englishteacherrespect forher kindnessand broad/bro d/knowledge.2The Chinesepeople havegreat respecttheir elders.3His devotionto teachinggained therespect hisstudents.4Its going to raisea lotof problemsrespecttoatmosphere pollution.5Living in a towncant comparewith livingin thecountry manyrespects.6尊重他人isavirtue/v3tf u/美德，and beingrespected isa greatpleasure.
4.1should alsoencourage himto takeaction toget overthese difficulties.我也应该鼓励他采取行动克服这些困难【知识点一】get over1克服;恢复常态2含有get的其他常用短语get...across使…被理解;把…讲清楚get awayfrom摆脱困难或不愉快的事，或某种限制get awaywith受到轻微的处罚；做坏事不受惩罚get downto doingsth开始做某事;开始认真对待某事get into养成某种习惯；陷入某种情绪；处于某种情形get intouch with…与…取得联系get on/along with相处得好;进展顺利get ridof摆脱;除掉get through接通电话;通过;完成
5.Tim is someone whomI shouldtry mybest to help,even ifit meansmore workfor me.蒂姆是我应该尽最大努力帮助的人，即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做【知识点一】even if1即使，纵然，虽然⑵引导的让步状语从句，相当于even though,从句常用一般时代替将来时若从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语中含有be动词,从句的主语和be动词可以省略E.g.They wontgo to thepartyeven if/though theyare invited.3even if的易混短语为as if=as though意为“好像二引导方式状语从句或表语从句，从句有时会用虚拟语气E.g.It looksasthough itis goingto rain.［练习］选词填空even if/as if1My grandfatherstill playstennis nowand then,hesinhis nineties.2It wasJohn whobroke the window.Why areyou talkingto meIhaddone it3So longas youdo whatyou can,no onewill blame/blei m/you youmight fail in thefuture.4Fm determined/di,t3mi nd/togeta seatfor theconcert itmeans standingin aqueue allnight.5They completelyignore thesefacts theynever existed/i gzi stid/.
6.When hesstruggling withhis schoolwork,I shoulddo all1can tohelp himbecome a more efficientlearner.【知识点一】efficient/ifl fnt/1adj.效率高的，有功效的2efficiency n.效率
7.And I think Timistheonewhobrings outthe best in me•我认为蒂姆是那个能激发出我最好一面的人【知识点一】bring out1使显现，使表现出;使显出，阐明2生产，出版⑶含有bring的其他常用短语bring in引入;使赚得;请…参与或讨论某件事情bring up抚养;培养;养育；常用于被动语态提出讨论等；呕吐bring down打垮;降低;减少bring about引起，导致bring along带来bring back把…送回;使想起;恢复bring forward将…提前;提出讨论bring anend tosth/bring sth to anend使某事结束［练习］1By lookingfor the bestin others,you bringthebestyourself.2We bringoutthegoodineach other.3He madeevery effort to bringthe costof living.4Science andtechnology havebrought manychanges inour lives.5Nearly alleducators believethatachallenging situationcan often_________________________________________显示出最佳品质of aperson.
8.P11always valuethese qualitiesof agoodfriendandtry to measuremyself bythese standardsas ourfriendship develops.我将永远珍视好朋友的这些品质，在我们的友谊发展的过程中,尽力用这些标准来衡量我自己【知识点一】measure/mej/1vt.测量,度量;估量，判定常见搭配:measure sb./sth.against sb./sth.使・・.与…相比较⑵linking verb指尺寸、长短、数量等量度为…此时measure不用于进行时态和被动语态，做后置定语和状语时，要用其现在分词形式⑶n.措施,方法;尺寸;程度常见搭配take measure/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事to onesown measure按照某人自己的尺寸in some/large measure在某种/彳艮大程度上beyond measure非常；极其made tomeasure量身定制的［练习］1The treeover there issotall thatI supposeit measurenearly twentymeters.2Mens knowledgeof theuniverse hasincreased measure.3Icanmake anevening dressmy ownmeasure.4An earthquakemeasure
6.1ontheRichter Scalestruck Californiayesterday.5Itishigh timethat thecompany采取严厉才皆施to protectits privateinformation frombeing givenaway byitsemployees.6This improvementsare due/dju/在彳艮大程度上to hisleadership.7Youll needto____________________________________________________________定做一套西装.
9.For quietperiod ofreflection canlead topersonal improvement.因为在安静的时候进行反思可以导致个人的进步【知识点一】reflection/n flekfn/⑴n.沉思;反射;映像;反映⑵reflect vt.反射;反映vi.vt.反思
10.However,when weseek tobe alone,we mustbe carefulthat wedo notalways escapeinto ourown world.然而，当我们试图独处的时候，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去【知识点一】seek/sik/sought,sought⑴vi.试图;设法常见搭配seek to do sth.=tryto dosth.试图做某事，设法做某事seek out找出;找到;物色2vt.向人请求，寻求vt.vi.寻求,谋求;寻找常见搭配seek sth.from sb.向某人请求某物seek forsth./sb.寻找;探索seek onesfortune外出寻找发财机会；外出闯荡3seekern.［C］寻找者，追求者［练习］1He isgoingto seek anew house.2Many athletesseek achievebeyond theirnatural limitsby traininghard everyday.3大多数人寻求财富;所有人都追求幸福Most men;all men.4十八岁叱她来到广东寻找致富之路At eighteenshe cameto Guangdong________________________________________.【知识点二】escape/iskei p/lv.逃脱，逃避;逃跑,逃走;泄漏;避开;避免;被忘掉，被忽视，未被注意常见搭配escape from...从・・.中逃脱escape doingsth逃避/避免做某事escapeescape death死里逃生escape sbsattention/notice逃过某人的注意;被某人忽视2n.逃脱;逃避懈脱常见搭配an escapefrom…从…逃脱/暂时解脱have anarrow escape死里逃生;幸运逃脱［练习］1The oldman isone of the fewsurvivors whoescaped Nazisconcentration campin PolandduringWorld WarII.2A bigrock rolleddown andhe narrowly/naerou li/escaped hit.3About tentons ofoil escapedthe sea.4他不过是试图通过玩电子游戏来逃避现实He isjust tryingto byplaying video games.4这些士兵在这场激烈的战斗中九死一生The soldiersin the fierce/fl as/battle.1l.More oftenthan not,close friendshipswill helpsmooth outthe sometimesrocky roadthat weare allmeant totravel.通常,亲密的友谊会有助于铺平我们所有人注定要踏上的时而崎岖的道路［知识点一】smooth out1消除问题，克服困难［练习］用sight的适当短语完成句子1就在飞机飞离视线之前,我看到了它I theplane justbefore itflew out of sight.2我们在路上拐了个弯，城堡就看不见了The castlewasas wewent rounda bend in theroad.3街上静悄悄的，一个人也看不见The streetwas soquiet,with noone.4吉姆失明后,他的妻子建议他申请一只导盲犬When Jim,his wifesuggestedthathe shouldapply for a guidedog.5一看到交换的玩具,这个小女孩就笑了The littlegirl laughed_________________________________________the exchangedtoy.6当我们转过街角,埃菲尔铁塔的塔顶就映入眼帘了As weturned thecorner,the topof theEiffel Tower.【知识点二】Whether...or...引导的从句1表示”无论…还是…”，引导让步状语从句,既可放在句首，也可放在句尾2引导名词性从句,在句中做主语或宾语，表示”是…还是…”⑶连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应采用就近原则，即谓语与靠近的名词、代词在人称和数上保持一致4whether or not意为”无论如何，无论”;whether...ornot则表示“是否”的意思［练习］1Whether youareaworker acarpenter/ka pontor/makes nodifference.2He askedhe wasto lockthe caror leaveit unlocked.3Whether youwear thered dressor theblue trousersreally unimportant!4All people,_____________________________________________________________无论贫富,have beentryingtheir besttohelpthose inneed sincethe disaster.5I amnot goingto askyou questionsto findout_____________________________________________________你是否理解这些书.2smooth adj.光滑的;流畅的;顺利的【知识点二】be meantto dosth.1旨在/意在做某事；尤因某人的吩咐或根据职责应该/必须做某事2mean
①vt.meant,meant意思是;意欲,打算;意味着常见搭配mean to dosth.打算做某事mean doingsth.意味着做某事had meanttodosth.本打算做某事而没做mean that…意思是表示.・.；意味着…
②adj.吝啬的;刻薄的常见搭配be meanwith…在…方面吝啬be mean tosb,对某人刻薄3meaningn.［U,C］意思;含义［练习］1In theworld ofdigital/di djI tol/technology,email,social networkingand onlinevideogames,information ismeantbe shared.2To takeit apartnow willmean wastealotof labour.3Anybody couldsee thathemeanno harm.4Ive beenmeaning askyou ifyouwantto comeforameal nextweek.5The diagram/dal ograem/ismeantoshow thedifferent stages/stei d3/of theprocess/prou ses/.6A wordcan haveseveral mean.7你进屋时就应该脱鞋Youyour shoeswhen entering.
12.As weliveinsocial groups,there aremany benefitsoffriendshipthat wecan enjoy.由于我彳门生活在社会群体中,我们可以享受友谊带来的许多好处【知识点一】benefit/beni flt/1n.优势;益处;成效常见搭配be ofbenefit tosb.=be beneficialtosb.对某人有益处for the benefit of…为了・・・的利益tosb.s benefit=to thebenefit ofsb.对某人有利2vt.使受益;得益于，得利于常见搭配benefit sb./sth,对某人/某物有益benefit fhm/by…从・.,中受益，得益于…3beneficial adj.有利的;有神益的;有用的常见搭配be beneficialto=be ofbenefit to有益于…;对…有益［练习］1We shouldread somemore classicbooks,because theyare greatbenefit tous.2It wasthebenefitofyourcompany thatwe didthat.3We allcan benefithistory,so Ilike it.4他没有恶意,他所做的是为你好He meantno harm,and whathe did_________________________________________________5这场雨对庄稼大有好处1The rain the crops.2The rain__________________________________________________the crops.3The rain________________________________________the crops.
13.The firstfruit offriendship isthe peacethat comesfrom sharingwith friendsour joy,sadness,success andfailure.友谊的第一颗果实是平静，它来自于与朋友分享我们的喜悦、悲伤、成功和失败【知识点一】joy/d3□I/⑴n.高兴，愉快;令人高兴的人或事，乐趣常见搭配to onesjoy令某人开心的是2joyful adj,快乐的【知识点二】failure/fei ljor/⑴n.［U］失败;［C］失败的人或事物常见搭配endinfailure以失败告终be doomed/dumd/to failure注定失败2n.［U,C］未做,未履行应做之事常见搭配failure todosth.未能做某事3n.［U,C］故障;失灵常见搭配heart/liver failure心脏/肝衰竭the power/engine failure电源/发动机故障failure in…在…方面出故障4failure通常用作抽象名词,前面不加不定冠词当用作可数名词叱抽象名词具体化，意为”失败的人或事—前面可用不定冠词5fail
①vi.失败，未做到；机件或人体器官失灵，丧失功能；视力、记忆、健康等衰退;不及格，未能通过
②vt.不及格;未能通过常见搭配failin sth在某方面/某事情上失败fail todosth没有成功做成某事;未做到某事［练习］1The failof thebank causedpanic/paenl k/inthecity.2—I neverexpected theexperiment/ikspen mont/would befailure,-Nor didI.The resultcameas acomplete surprise.3The heavysnow causeda powerfail,which affectedour dailylife.4Failure produceproof/pru f7of identity/aidentoti/could resultin prosecution/,pro sikju Jon/.5A seriesof rescue/reskju/attempts tempt/以失败告终.6The rebellion/ribeljsn/_________________________________________注定要失败from thestart.
14.Here,friendship hasa doubleadvantage-happiness takesonagreater meaningandatrouble sharedbecomes atroublehalved!在这一点上,友谊有双重好处-幸福有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半！【知识点一】take on⑴呈现;具有;接纳;接受工作；承担责任；雇用2含有take的其他常用短语take in吸收;理解;领悟;欺骗take out取出;拿出take up占据;开始从事;对某事产生兴趣take off脱下;起飞；事业开始成功take over接管;接任take down记下;写下;取下take away拿走;取走take after与・・.相像take back退回;收回
15.With truefriends,we feelfree toshare ourjoy andsadness nfull measure.有了真正的朋友，我们可以尽情地分享我们的快乐和悲伤【知识点一】in fullmeasure1最大程度地，最大限度地
16.We oftenfind iteasier torecognize otherpeoples weaknessesthan ourown.我们经常发现意识到另［人的缺点要比意识到自身的缺点更容易［次口识，点、一】sb findsit+adj./n.+todo/doingsth/that...1某人发现做某事…it是形式宾语2”动词+it+宾补+真正的宾语”结构
①常用于此结构的动词有find,consider,make,believe,think,feel等
②宾补通常为形容词或名词
③真正的宾语通常为:不定式、动名词或从句【知识点二】recognize/rekognai z/lvt.承认，意识到;认出,辨别出;公认常见搭配recognize sb/sth by/from sth通过/由某事认出某人/某物recognize onesvoice听出某人的声音recognize...as...正式承认・・・是・・・；接受・・・是・・・recognize sb/sthtobe...认为某人/某事.・.常用于被动语态be recognizedas sth受赏识;被看重;被公认recognize that承认・・・2recognition/,reksg nlfn/n.认出;认识;承认;认可常见搭配outof/beyond recognition认不出来;无法辨认;面目全非［练习］1He saidphysical/fl zikol/inactivity,/I naekti voti/should recognizeasaglobal/gbu bol/epidemic/,epi demik/.2I recognizedher thered skirtshe wore.3萨拉回到家，瘦弱不堪,她的父母几乎没有认出她Sara camehome sothin andweak thather parents.4他已被公认为伟大的剧作家Hea greatplaywright.5世界公认，中国在抗击新冠肺炎疫情方面树立了好榜样China hasset agood examplein fightingCOVID-
19.
17.This alonehelps makeour thoughtsclearer andbrings usamorethorougl understandingof ourproblems.仅这一点就有助于是我们的想法更清晰，让我们更彻底的理解我们的问题【知识点一】thorough/10A ro/⑴adj.彻底的，全面的;仔细的2thoroughly add.彻底地
18.They canhelp usachieve whatwe wantduring lifeand,perhaps,even afterdeath.他们可以帮助我们在有生之年，或许甚至在死后，实现我们的追求【知识点一】death/de0/⑴n.死,死亡;死亡状态2die vi.死;灭亡;消失常见搭配die out灭绝;消失die..死于・..die away声音、风、光等慢慢变弱;逐渐消失die down兴奋、火等减弱;平息die off相继死去be dyingfor...渴望/极想…
19.Finally,it shouldbe pointedoutthatenjoying thecompany ofa crowdis notthe sameas beingwith friends.最后,应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事【知识点一】company/kA mponi/⑴n.陪伴，作伴;公司⑵accompany vt.陪伴;为…伴奏［知识点二】crowd/krau d/ln.［C］人群,观众;一伙人常见搭配the crowd民众，群众，老百姓做主语叱若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式;若强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式a crowdof/crowds of…一群/成群的…go w汕/follow thecrowd随大流，附和大众⑵v.挤满,塞满;使・・・拥挤;涌上,涌入;挤，靠近常见搭配crowd in涌上心头，涌入脑海crowd into大批涌入狭小的空间⑶crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满的常见搭配be crowdedwith…挤满/充满…［练习］1Customers crowdtherestaurants andbars whennight falls.2In orderto preventthe citystraffic frombeing toocrowd,car drivinghas beenlimited accordingto odd/D d/andeven carnumbers.3It ranfor justunder sevenkilometers andallowed peopleto avoidterriblecrowd onthe roadsabove asthey traveledtoand fromwork.4他们看到一群人在喊叫欢呼They noticedpeopleshouting andcheering.5体育场挤满了球迷，他们中的许多人都穿着相同的T恤The stadiumfans,many ofwhom werewearing thesame T-shirts.
20.They admiredeach other and quicklybecame friends.他们互相欣赏，彳艮快成了朋友【知识点一】admire/od maior/⑴vt.钦佩;赞赏;仰慕常见搭配admire sbfor doingsth钦佩某人做某事2vt.欣赏3admiration aedmorei fon/n.［U］钦佩;羡慕常见搭配in admiration钦佩地have admirationfor赞赏/钦佩…4admirer n.爱慕者;追求者;崇拜者5admiring adj.赞赏的;钦佩的6admirable/aedm0robol/adj.值得称赞的;令人钦佩的[练习]1He stoodthere,admire hisnew car.2With admireI wentto interviewDr.Zhong Nanshan.3He wasa keen/ki n/admire ofthe worksof Yeats/jei ts/when Yeatswas relativelyunknown inEngland.4世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献Many peoplearound theworld itsgreat contributionsto theworld peace.
21.In onepoem,Du Fuwrote:When canwe againhole acup ofwine,and chatabout poem-writing lineby line.FromMissing LiBai ona SpringDay99在一首诗中，杜甫写道何时一樽酒，重与细论文选自《春月忆李白》【次口识点一】poem/pou Im/⑴n.诗⑵poet/pou It/n.诗人3poetry/pou9tri/n.诗歌【知识点二】wineln.葡萄酒;果酒2alcohol/,史IkohD1/n.酒；酒精【拓展词汇】
1.cautious[koJ os]adj.小心的;谨慎的Jimis very cautiousabout expressinghis opinions,especially inpublic.吉姆在表达自己的意见时很谨慎，尤其是在公共场合
2.considerate[kon sidorat]adj.体贴的You arethemostconsiderate personwho knowsexactly whatI need.你是最体贴的人，知道我到底需要什么
3.cooperative[kouD porotiv]adj.合作的;配合的Happy people,says theresearch,are morehelpful,more generous,and morecooperative.研究显示「快乐的人更乐于助人、更加慷慨,也更加配合
4.sociable[souf0b1]adj.友善的;好交际的She isa sociablechild whowill talkto anyone.她是个好交际的孩子，跟谁都有话说
5.hospitality[.ho spitaehti]n.殷勤;好客;款待rd liketo expressmy gratitude[graeti tjud]again andthank youfor yourcare andhospitality.我想再次表示我的感谢,感谢你对我的照顾和款待
6.put oneselfinothers5shoes换位思考Always putyourself inothers1shoes.If youfeel thatit hurtsyou,it probablydoes hurtothers,too.凡事都要设身处地为别人着想如果你觉得那样会伤害自己，它也可能会伤害别人【话题拓展】FriendshipFriendship isindispensable[I ndlspens9bol]to peopleslife.A manwithout friendsisanangel withoutwings,whose lifewill sufferinthelong tolerance[tD lorons]of lonelinessand depression[diprej n].Friendship isthe motherofourpsyche[sal ki],who,ll ease[iz]the painwhenweget hurt.We havemany emotions[I,mou Jon]tosharewith ourfriends inlife,such asperplexity[po pleksoti],excitement,bitterness[bi tonos]etc[.etsetoro].Soit!s pleasantto maintain[mei ntel n]a genuine[d3enjui n]friendship.友谊友谊对人们的生活来说是必不可少的一个人没有朋友就像一个天使没有翅膀，他将生活在孤独与沮丧的长期折磨中友谊就像是我们心灵的母亲，在我们受到伤害时，她会抚平我们的伤痛在生活中，我们有许多情感都会与朋友分享，例如困惑、兴奋和痛苦等因此维持一段真挚的友谊是令人愉悦的6不管消息是真是假，我都不会改变我的计划7我不知道应该写信还是应该打电话
5.But inthe morning,my friendposted amessage onsocial mediasaying shehad acold.但在早上，我的朋友在社交媒体上发了一条消息说她感冒了【知识点一】social media⑴社交媒体2medium/midiom/［media的单数形式］n.传播信息的媒介,方法;手段，工具adj.中等的，中号的【知识点二】现在分词短语做定语现在分词短语可以在句子中做定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句其动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,与其修饰词之间是主动关系，也就是说现在分词短语的动作就是它修饰的那个词的动作1位置
①单个的现在分词做定语时多置于它所修饰的词之前;现在分词短语做定语多置于它所修饰的词之后E.g.They liveda roomfacing thenorth thirtyyears ago.
②当现在分词短语修饰不定代词或指示代词those时，现在分词短语置于被修饰词之后E.g.Anyone swimmingwill bepunished.2与谓语动词的时间关系现在分词短语表进行和主动，因此，用现在分词短语做定语时,其表示的动作是与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生的或是正在发生的动作E.g.The manrunning overthere isour chairman.=The manwho isrunning overthereisour chairman.3如果一个及物动词做定语,既要表示进行，又要表示被动时,可用现在分词的被动语态E.g.The meetingbeing heldisveryimportant.［练习］1The girlssing thereare myfriends.2The skyscraper/skai skreipor/build ishigher thanthat builtlast year.3Which performancedid youlike bestat theclose ceremony/seromoni/4There wasa terriblenoise followthe suddenburst/b3st/of light.5The professorwho camehere yesterday will give usa lecture.同义句本专换—The professoryesterdaywillgiveusalecture.6They livein aroom whichfaces thestreet.—They liveinaroom.7正在操场上跑步的男孩是吉姆The boyisJim.8我们要适应迅速变彳匕的世界We needto adapt，daept/to_______________________________________.
6.When Icalled her,she saidshe mightnot be able to make ittothecinema.当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了【知识点一】make it⑴用来表示规定时间，常与canjet等词连用E.g.-Shall wemeet nextweek-Yes.Lets make it nextSunday.⑵用来表示达到预定目标，办成，做到，成功，发迹E.g.Tell himI wanttoseehim tonight,at myhouse ifhe canmakeit.⑶用来表示准时抵达，赶上E.g.He wontbeableto makeit homeat Christmas.4用来表示疾病等好转，得救E.g.Lucy almostdied,but theygave herblood transfusions/traens Iju3n/and shemade it.⑸用来表示相处得很好,受欢迎或尊重，被接受与with连用E.g.She finallymade it withthecrowd inHollywood.6用来表示预定小吃E.g.Make itthree bottlesofthebest champagne/f aempel n/youve gotand sendthem upto myroom.7与make相关的短语make fulluse of充分利用make funof取笑，嘲笑make up构成;组成make upfor补偿;弥补make upones mind下定决心make for向…移动;促成make adifference有影响;起作用make onesway前进［练习］1Stick to坚持it andyoull surelymake intime.2Caroline doesnthave agift formusic,but shemakes upitwithhard work.3The schoolboardmake upof parentswho havebeen elected/ilekti d/tomakedecisions aboutschool affairs.4We should________________________________________充分手J用our potentialability.5You shouldnt___________________________________________________对另U人的困难幸灾乐祸.6Well dosomething to起作用to environment.7团结一致，我认为我们可以做到Together,.
6.1receivedahorrible surprise.我收到了一个可怕的惊喜【知识点一】horrible/hD robl/⑴adj.令人震惊的;可恶的，极坏的2同义词awful;terrible
8.1nstead ofrecovering athome,she wasout havingfun withsomeone else.她没有在家休养,而是出去和别人一起玩了【知识点一】recover/ri kAvor/lvi.恢复健康，康复，痊愈;恢复常态2vt,全额收回;寻回;恢复能力、知觉、对情绪的控制等；重新控制;赢回，重新获得常见搭配recover from..・从・..中恢复过来recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来；恢复健康recover onessight恢复视力3recovery n.恢复;痊愈;复苏常见搭配makearecovery from...Z/v...中恢复过来［练习］1Have youfullyrecover fromyour illness2The doctorshad givenher upbut shemade anexcellent recover.3Jennie madeagreatefforttorecover she.4It tookheralong time__________________________________________________从心脏手术中恢复.5他在学校找到了他丢失的新自行车
9.1still dontfeel likeresponding toany ofher onlinemessages.我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息【知识点一】feel like⑴想要2feel likesth/doingsth=would likesth/todosth想要某物/做某事【知识点二】respond/nspD nd/lvi.vt.回答,回应;作出反应，响应常见搭配respond to...回应…2response n.回复;反应;响应lO.The stressof thissituation iskilling me,and Fmata loss whattodonext.这种情形带给我的压力简直要了我的命,我不知道下一步该怎么力、【知识点一】loss/ID S/1n.［C,U］失去,丧失;亏损，损失;死亡，去世常见搭配suffer agreat/heavy/hugeloss遭受巨大的损失be ataloss困惑;不知所措a senseof loss失落感loss ofmemory/memory loss失忆cut onesloss减少损失；趁早罢手A lossmay turnout tobeagain.［谚］塞翁失马，焉知非福2lost vt.lost,lost失去;丢失;损失;输掉常见搭配lose face丢面子;出丑lose heart灰心;丧气lose sightof忽略lose weight减肥lose one*s temper发牌气lose touchwith…与…失去联系3adj.迷路的;丢失的;困惑的常见搭配be lostinsth专注于某事/某物;沉浸于某事/某物在那里，陷入了沉思be lostfor words惊讶、困惑等而不知说什么才好be lostin though陷入沉思［练习］1The closure/khu3or/ofthefactory willlead toa numberof jobloss.2Mark waslost wordswhenhegot thefirst prize.3After graduation,he wastotally aloss whattodo.4She staredoutofthewindow,lost adaydream.5孩子们离家后许多父母都会有失落感Many parentsfeelwhen theirchildren leavehome.6他陷入了沉思，根本就没有注意到前面的汽车_________________________________________________,and didntnotice thecar aheadat all.Il.But thisfriendship is worth saving:eight yearsisalong time!但是这段友谊值得挽回:八年时间可不短!【知识点一】worthladj.指行动值得，有价值;值得费周折表示程度时要用well来修饰，而不能用very常见搭配sth isworth sth.某事值得…Sth.iswellworth doing某事很值得做doing用主动形式表示被动意义Its wellworth doingsth做某事是很值得的Sth.isworthit.…是值得的2adj.有・・.价值，值..・钱常见搭配Sth.isworth...某物值…⑶n.[U]价值,意义，作用;价值・・・的东西。
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