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Does his absence________________________________________your work4出生前，婴儿就能分辨出巨响和人声的不同Before birth,babies can between loudsounds andvoices.lO.Over thenext three years,you willdiscover yourpotential whileyou developas astudent and as aperson.在接下来的三年里，你们作为学生和个体成长的同时，将会发现自己的潜力【知识点一】whilelwhile引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词只能用表持续性的状态或动作的动词，而不能用短暂性动词when引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词2while作并列连词，意为”然而;而“3while引导让步状语从句，意为”尽管，虽然，相当于although/though/as while/although引导的让步状语从句不倒装,as引导的让步状语从句要倒装，though引导的让步状语从句可倒装也可不倒装［练习］1One afternoon,though/while attemptingtempt/to getinto bedshe collapsed/kd laepst/#］下from whatwaseventually/iventj uoli/discovered to be aheart attack/o task/.2While/When it is raininghard,they continueto helpthe farmersharvest/ha:vi st/the crops/krD p/in thefield.3Theres noway ofknowing whyone manmakes animportant discoveryanother man,also intelligent/i ntell ont/,fails.4the studentscame fromdifferent countries,they gotalong quitewell in the summercamp.
11.To fullyrealize yourpotential,it isimportant foryou to make themost ofour schoolresources.了充分发挥你们的潜力，对你们来说，充分利用我们学校的资源是很重要的【知识点一】To fullyrealize yourpotential⑴此为不定式短语做状语，表目的［知识点二】it isimportant foryou to1It be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做某事是…的｛这里的adj.表示事物的属性、特征的词｝2It be+adj.+ofsb.+to do sth.某人做某事是…的｛这里的adj.表示人的性格、品质的词｝［练习］3Sois important to firstfind outthe wordsyou mispronounce.4It isnecessary students to make a habitof reading.5It iswise learnsome simplesafety tipsto protectyourself oryour familymembers.6It isfoolish themto spendtoo muchtime onsuch meaninglessthings.7对他来说彳艮难to followthe rules.8他真蠢not to take heradvice.9你真好to helpme outof trouble.10It isnecessary____________________________________________________________你向别人学习.11对父母来说彳艮重要to knowwhich appstheirchildren areusing.【知识点三】make themost of1充分利用，尽情享受2同义短语make good/full use of充分利用make the best/most of充分利用take fulladvantage of充分利用［练习］1We shouldmake themost ourtalents inmany aspects/aespekt/.2我们应充分利用这次机会，因为我们可能不会有第二次机会了We shouldthisopportunity becausewe maynot geta secondchance.【知识点四】resource/nsos/ln.资源;资料;谋略2source n.来源
12.Fake advantage of yourclasses,learn fromyour teachersand classmates,and make useofour school facilities.利用你们的课堂响你们的老师和同学学习，并利用我们学校的设施［知识点—］take advantageof⑴利用2近义短语make useof⑶advantage n.好处;有利条件常见搭配be atan advantage有优势，处于有利地位have theadvantageof...具有…的有利条件have anadvantage oversb.胜过某人,某人占上风to sbsadvantage对某人有利turn sth.to youadvantage使某事转化为有利条件4disadvantage n.缺点，不利条件［练习］1Her experiencegave hera bigadvantage the other applicants/aepli kont/for thejob.2Instead oftaking advantagehis misfortunes,mi sft tfu n/,we oughtto helphim turnthe corner.对他有利.【知识点二】facility/f’si loti/3More practicewill be⑴n.设施，设备;场所2schoolfacilities学校设施
13.Of equalimportance aregood studyhabits,useful skillsand apositive attitude.同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度【知识点一】1本句为倒装句Of equalimportance aregood studyhabits,useful skillsand apositive attitude.表语（“of+名词”结构）系动词主语2完全倒装谓语动词完全位于主语之前，叫作完全倒装注意句中的谓语动词单复数看后面的主语⑶部分倒装主语为人称代词时，主语和谓语的语序不变［练习］1Very important in ourstudy beour questionsand review.2Among thecrises/kri z/that facehumans be the lackof naturalresources.3从远处来了一个骑马的男子From distancewhowas ridinga horse.4当小男孩的妈妈走过来后，他立刻爬了起来the boywhen hismother cameover.5As soonas MrsSmith heardthe cryfor help,she jumpedoff the bed.一As soonas MrsSmith heardthe cryfor help,off thebed.6The dayswhen we were lackingin foodand clothesare gone.一the dayswhen we were lackingin foodand clothes.【知识点二】equal/ikwol/ladj.大小、数量、价值等相等的;平等的；力气、勇气、能力等相当的常见搭配be equalto sb/sth与某人/某物相同be equalto sth能胜任某事;能应付难题任务等2n.同等的人/物常见搭配be withoutequal/have noequal无与伦比be theequal of sb/sth比得上某人/某事3Linking v.与…相等；vt.比得上常见搭配A equalsB in...A在…方面比得上B4反义词unequal5equality n.相等;平等6equally adv.相等地;同样地;平等地［练习］1Not allmen areequal theability.2Quan Hongchanis considereda diving/dal vlg/player equalin theworld.3Diet andexercise areequal important.4I hopehe provesequal thechallenge.5论力气，无人能看也相比No onestrength.【知识点三】of equalimportance1同样重要的=equally important⑵当“主语+be+of+n.”句式中的名词为抽象概念名词时，“of+n.”相当于形容词，用来说明被描述对象的特征E.g.of greatuse=very useful【知识点四】attitude/aeti tjud/ln.［C］态度，看法其前常有positive积极的和negative消极的等形容词修饰常见搭配have a/an...attitude to/towards...对.・・持有・・.态度2易混词:altitude#aelti tjud/n.海拔高度［练习］1In myopinion,being simpleis also____________________________________________________________一种乐观的生活态度.2Being unemployedproduces peoples对工作的消极态度.14arefully planyour study,set clear^oals and balance your schoolwork withother activities.彳子细规戈U你们的学习，设定明确的目标，并平衡你们的学业和其他活动【知识点一】goal/gou1/1目标；进球得分常见搭配achieve agoal实现目标【知识点二】balance/baelons/lvt.同等重视；使保持平衡;权衡重要性2n.［U］均衡，平衡;平衡能力；结余;账户余额［C］天平；秤；常见搭配keep thebalance of nature保持自然平衡keep ones balance保持平衡lose one,sbalance失去平衡be outof balance不平衡3balanced adj.保持平衡的;均衡的［练习］1He useshis hands________________________________________来保持平彳野.2While I was ridingmy bike,I失去平彳野and felldown.3You areworking toohard.Yoifd better_____________________________________________________________在工作和放松之间保持平衡.4You haveto balancethe advantagesthe disadvantagesof doingso.5It isessential/i,senf ol/that yourdiet isvaried/veorid/andbalance.6The illnessis causedby ahormonal/homou nl/滂攵素的balance.7We haveto balancegood labour/lei bor/relations theneed tocut costs.8Tourists oftendisturb/dist3b/the delicate/dell kot/balance natureon theisland.
16.1n timeyou willfind yourselfgrowing into a well-rounded individual.最后，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长Be confident,do yourbest andmake usproud!自信起来，尽你们所能，让我们骄傲！This willremind youof what you areworking for and keepyou focused.这会提醒你你为了什么而努力并且让你精力中［次口］只点、一］find yourselfgrowing into;makeusproud1find/make/keep+宾语+宾语补足语发现/使…处于…状态如果此简单句变为被动结构，则原来的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语变成主语补足语⑵该结构有几种形式:find/keep+n./pron.+（现在分词（表示主动或动作正在进行）过去分词（表示被动或动作已经完成）《adj./adv.（表示状态）I prep.短语（表示状态）make+n./pron.+/adj.n.过去分词＜不带t的不定式用于被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原［练习］1When hecame tohimself,he foundhimself surroundby hisfriends.2When Icame into the classroom.I foundMary alreadystudy.3我发现Jenny很聪明［.4当我到达时，我发现他们都出去了When Iarrived,I.5她醒来发觉自己躺在医院的床上She wokeup and____________________________________________________________.6So everyteacher shouldbe helpful and kind.It canmake childrenlove youand thesubject youteach.7There weremany peoplein thehospital,so I was madewait fourhours beforeI wasexamined/i gzaemi nd/by adoctor.8Its a good opportunity to makeChinese culturebetter knowto internationalstudents.9He is very popularamong hisstudents as he alwaystries tomake studentsinterest inhis lessons.10三年前，我哥哥被国家队录取了由于成绩非凡，他被任命为国家队队长My brotherwas admitted/od miti d/to thenational teamthreeyears ago.Because of his remarkableachievements,he ofthenational team.11But thatshow nature is-always keepingus astonish./o stDni f/12Every studentlistened to their teachercarefully,keeping theireyes theblackboard.13As atraffic policeman,he alwaysworked hardto keepthe trafficrun smoothlyeven onfestivals.14Michael putupa pictureof YaoMing besidethebedto keephimself remindofhisown dreams.15Youd betterset asidesome timeeveryday forexercise so that youcan keepyourself energy.【知识点二】well-rounded/,welrau ndid/ladj.全面发展的;面面俱到的【知识点三】individual/,I ndivl djuol/ln.个人;adj.单独的，个别的
15.Last but not least,always lookon thebright sideand neverlose hope,even indifficult situations.最后但同样重要的是，即使在困难的情况下，我们也要一直看到光明的一面，永远不要失去希望【知识点一】last butnot least1最后但同样重要的2at last最后at least至少
16.Senior high school willhelp youlearn andgrow,yet youalone areresponsible forrealizing yourgreat potential.高中可以帮助你们学习和成长，但只有你们自己负责充分发挥自身的巨大潜能【知识点一]responsible/rispD nssbl/⑴adj.有责任，负责;可靠的常见搭配be responsible for sth对某事负责be responsibleto sb向某人负责2反义词irresponsible⑶responsibility n.[U,C]责任;义务常见搭配a senseof responsibility责任感have responsibilityfor doing sth有做某事的责任take/accept responsibilityfor doing sth承担做某事的责任Its onesresponsibility to do sth某人有责任做某事4responsibly adv.认真负责地［练习］1We needtotakeresponsible forlooking afterour ownhealth.2Smoking is responsible manycases ofIung/1A rZ cancer.3As collegestudents,we should have________________________________________责任感.
17.1ve beentold thatschoolwork willpresent moreof a challenge in the yearsahead,and that the teacherswill holdus tohigherstandards.我被告知在接下来的几年中学业会更加具有挑战性,而且老师们将会使我们达到更高的水平【知识点一】ahead/o hed/ladv.时间、空间向前;提前;预先:领先常见搭配ahead of time=in advance提前ahead ofschedule提前go ahead可以;干吧I
8.In fact,Tm lookingforward to being moreindependent andresponsibleformy ownlearning.事实上，我盼望着变得更加独立，对我自己的学习更加负责【知识点一】forward/fowod/1adv.向将来；向前；进展；前进2look forwardto盼望，期待，期望此短语中的to为介词，因此后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语⑶含有look的其他常用短语look upto仰慕;尊敬look downupon/on瞧不起look out当心look into调查look through浏览【知识点二】independent/,I ndlpendant/1adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的常见搭配be independentofsb/sth不依靠某人/某事物2反义词:dependent常见搭配be dependenton/upon依赖…；取决于…3independently adv.独立地4independence n.[U]独立；自主常见搭配gain independencefrom...从…中获得独立5dependence n.[U]依靠;依赖;依存6depend vi.依靠;依赖常见搭配depend on/upon依靠;依赖;由…决定;取决于It alldepends./That depends.那得看情况[练习]1Some laborunions recentlystruck adeal with a groupof companieslimiting the number ofhours thatindependencecontractors/kon traektor/can beon call.2We aim/el m/to helpdisabled studentsto liveand studyindependent.3Peter was much moreindependent his parents.4The boyis unwillingto economically^iko nDmi kli/依赖hisparents.[Grammar andusage]
1.Setting goalsgives youa focusin life.设定目标会让你的生活有重点【知识点一】focus/foukos/ln.焦点；重点；中心点常见搭配the focusof attention关注的焦点bring...into focus使…成为焦点2vt.vi.把…集中于；调节…的焦距；使聚焦［练习］1A cheater/tf it9r/might useit________________________________________来控制潜在的受害者.2She hasthe potentialbecome asinger.3Clearly thisisapotential dangeroussituation.4John seemedas horrified/ho rifai d/as Iabout hispotential violence/vai ohns/.
2.1cant wait to describeto youwhat senior high schoollife islike,我迫不及待地要向你们描述高中生活是什么样的【知识点一】describe/diskrai b/lv.描述，形容2description n.描述，形容，说明；类型常见搭配beyond description难以形容【知识点二】senior/sinior/ladj.中学的招收11或13岁以上学生；级别高地；高级水平的；老年的常见搭配be seniorto sb比某人级别地位高seniorhighschool鬲中2结构类似搭配:be superior/supi Qrior/to比…优秀be inferior/i nfl orior/to比…差be junior/d^unior/to地位或职位比…低3n.级别或地位较高者；较…年长的人；高水平运动员常见搭配be...years sb/s senior/be sb.s juniorby...years大某人…岁,比某人小…岁4对应词junior adj.学校为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位或级别低的；青少年的n.职位较低者；青少年运动员［练习］1Im myyounger brotherssenior threeyears,butnottaller thanhim.常见搭配focus onesattention/energy/mind on/upon...集中某人的注意力/精力/心思于…focus oneseyes on...注视・・.近义短语centre on注意力集中于常用be centredonconcentrate/kD nsontreit/...on...把注意力集中于;全神贯注于fix one^attention/eyes/mind on把注意思想集中在…上常用于被动语态［练习］1Today,Fd like to focusmy comments/*kD ment/the meaningfulroles thatelderly canplay andshould playin oursociety.2While rock-climbing,you needto remainvery focussothatyou won*t make any dangerouserrors/eror/.3这是当今的一个普遍现象:孩子是家庭的中心,承载着父母的希望It isa commonphenomenon/fQ nomi nan/nowadays thatchildren arefamilies,shouldering thehope of their parents.4In theevening,he usually集中注意力于his study.【知识点二】setting goalslv.-ing形式做主语，表示一般性的、抽象性的动作或状态；不定式作主语表示一次性的、具体的动作2v.-ing形式做主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式⑶位置v.-ing形式可位于句首或句末，位于句末时常用it做形式主语E.g.It isso niceseeing youagain.4v.-ing形式做主语时用it做形式主语的常见句型It isno use/no good/fun/a wasteoftime/worth doingsth.做某事没有用/没有用/有趣/浪费时间/值得［练习］1Thebegin ofchange isupsetting/A pseti g/.2go to bed earlyand gettingup earlyis consideredto be a goodhabit.3Its nogood waithere.Lets gohome.4Walking aftersupper begood foryour health.5Toms representourschoolat theEnglish speechcontest/kD ntest/proved tobeasuccess.6方笈行along theold SilkRoad是an interestingand rewardingexperience.7If youwant tosucceed,______________________________________________________________________说太多:殳用without actuallydoing anythingat all.8他专昔过了火车caused himto stayhere foranother day.9学习为口玩耍J以乎more interestingwhen you are outdoors.
2.To realizeyour goals,you needto have a goodplan,manage your time welland payattention to details.为了实现你的目标，你需要有一个好的计划，管理好你的时间，并关注细节【知识点一】detail/ditel1/⑴n.细节洪体情况;详情常见搭配in detail详细地放在句中或句末作状语go intodetails详细叙述for furtherdetails欲知详情2detailed adj.详细的
3.As a result of your action,your dreamwill cometrue andhopefully you will livea happylife.由于你的行动，你的梦想就会实现，你也有希望过上幸福的生活【知识点一]as a result of1由于2含有result的其他常用短语as aresult结果;因此result in+结果导致;造成result from+原因由…而造成without result徒劳;毫无结果with theresult that因此，从而，结果是［练习］1aresult,the badthing hasbeen turnedinto agood one.2Many hairproblems resultwhatyoueat.3It was an accidentthat resultedthe deathof manypeople.4The watersupply hasdecreased asaresultthe drought/drau t/.5He wascareless andasaresult,he died.一He died________________________________________his carelessness.一His carelessnesshis death.—His deathhis carelessness.
4.1nstead,you shouldset goalsbased onyour abilitiesand skills.相反，你应该根据自己的能力和技能来设定目标【知识点一】base/bei s/1vt.以…为基础依据常见搭配base...on...以…为根据/基础be based on/upon...以…为根据/基础⑵n.根据;基础;基底;总部,大本营常见搭配on thebase of以…为基础an military/mi htri/base军事基地⑶basic adj.基本的，基础的;初级的;必需的4basically adv,基本上;从根本上说5basisn.基础pl.bases［练习］1Actually,teaching is an artbase onscience.2The youngman basedhis hopethe goodnews heheard yesterday.3A knowledge of herupbringing/A pbrlijl g/is baseto anunderstanding ofher books.4他的故事基于他在英国学习期间的亲身经历baseHis storyhisown experiencewhen he was studyingin Britain.5The restaurantis basedon trust,and it is workingall right.同义句转换一the restaurantis workingall right.［知识点二］basedonyour abilitiesand skills⑴过去分词短语做定语a.位置单个过去分词做定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前;过去分词短语做定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后b.时态/语态特点及物动词的过去分词可以表示被动和动作已经完成;不及物动词的过去分词只能表示动作已经完成E.g.I borroweda bookwritten byMark Twainfrom thelibrary,written既表示完成,又表示被动E.g.They aresweeping thefallen leavesin theyard,fallen只表示完成,不表示被动c.扩展性过去分词短语做后置定语时常可扩展成定语从句［练习］1In1985,urban/3bon/men andwomen inmore thanthree quartersof thecountriesstudy hadhigher BMIsthanmen andwomen inrural/ru arol/areas.2You willtend/tend/to usethe wordslearn thisway inconversations almostautomatically/,□tom田ti kli/.
5.This willremind youof whatyou areworking forand keepyou focused.这会提醒你为了什么而努力并且让你精力集中【知识点一］remind/ri mai nd/1vt.提醒，使・・・想起2常见搭配remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事remind sbabout sth提醒某人某事remind sb.not to do sth.提醒某人不要做某事remind sb.that/how/what...提醒某人…3reminder n.［C］提示信，通知单;提醒人的事物，引起回忆的事物［练习］1Going toMount Huangshanreminds methe popularBeatles bitlz/song”The Longand WindingRoad
1.2The managerreminded everyonepresent atthe meetingbring theirnotebooks thenext day.3The letterwas anuncomfortable remindof mydebts/det/.4What theteacher said_________________________________________________让我想起了谚语—wherethere isa will,there isa way.5The rolling/rou lig/sea ofclouds you see onceyouareatthetop会提醒你how tinywe are.6fter youset agoal,itisimportanttostick toit andwork hardtowards it.在你设定了一个目标后，坚持它并为之努力是很重要的【知识点一stick to1坚持;维持，固守2辨析比较:stick to/insist on易混词组用法stick to多用于表示坚持诺言、原则、计划、决定等，后面常接名词、代词或v.-inginsist on多用于表示坚持要求、意见、看法、主张等，后面常接v.-ine或名词［练习］
1.选词填空:stick to/insist on1Set agoal andit,which willbethe first steptowards developingagoodhabit.2He walkingme tothe stationto seeme off.
2.单句语法填空1Reporters shouldstick thefacts.2Perhaps sheshouldhavestick towriting.
3.如果你一大早就去锻炼,那么你一整天都更有可能坚持选择健康的食物If youwork outbright andearly in the morning,you willbe morelikely tothroughout theday.【语法】句子成分和句子结构
1.句子成分句子成分用法主语S Subject主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物谓语V Verb指谓语部分的主要动词,通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征或状态/V3b/宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后有的动词可以接两个宾语,表示人的宾语宾语0Object称为间接宾语，表示物的宾语称为直接宾语表语P Predicative表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词（如be）之后，说明主语的身份、特征、属性或状/pndi kativ/态在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语形容词、代词、数词、名词等做定语时，通常放定语AWr.Attribute在被修饰的词前面但副词、动词不定式、介词短语等做定语时，则通常放在被修饰的词JS tribju t/之后状语A Adverbial修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分，叫作状语状语一般放在被修饰的词之/aed v3biol/后或放在句尾副词做状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首补语C Objectcomplement补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分含有宾语补足语的句/kD mpllment/子在变为被动句时，宾语补足语便成了主语补足语
2.句子结构句子结构例句主语+谓语（不及物动词）The rainstopped.一些不及物动词之后加上介词就可以具有及物动词的功能，其后可以接宾（S+V）主语谓语主语+谓语及物动词+语常见的有:listen to,look at,lookHe enjoysreading.after,look for,amve at/in等宾语S+V+O主语谓语宾语常见的连系动词be、五感官look,sound,smell,taste,feel、四变得主语+连系动词+表语This isan English-Chinese dictionary.go,get,turn,become,grow三保持S+V+P主语连系动词表语keep,stay,remain两似乎seem,appear主语+谓语+间接宾语+直My motherbought me a dictionary.带疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语是一接宾语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语种很常用的形式，其基本句式是:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式S+V+IO+DOThey paintedthe doorgreen.使役动词和表示感官的动词若运用于被主语谓语宾语宾语补足语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补动语态中,作补语的不定式中的to则不能被省略They foundthe houseempty.足语双宾语与复合宾语的区别复合宾语中的主语谓语宾语宾语补足语宾语和它的补语之间有逻辑上的主谓关S+V+O+OCHe askedme tocome backsoon.系，但双宾语之间则没有这种逻辑上的主谓关系主语谓语宾语宾语补足语
①状语修饰动词，常位于动词之后主语+谓语+状语The sunrises in the east.
②状语也可以修饰整个句子,这一类状语通常位于句首，用逗号隔开，用于表示说主语谓语状语S+V+A话人的看法、态度、评价等多重状语的排序问题考虑谓语动词与各个状语的逻辑关系的远近也就是谓语主语+谓语+宾语+状语He putthe coffeeon thetable.动词与表示时间、地主语谓语宾语状语S+V+O+OC点、人物等状语的逻辑关系的远近，遵循先近后远的原则其他常用句型there be+名词+to do有某事要做there isnodoubt that...毫无疑问…there isno现存句need for sb to do sth某人没必要做某There aremany customsin theshop.事There be句型谓语主语地点状语there isno sense/point indoingsth做某事没有道理/意义there isno chance/possibility to do sth没有做某事的机会/可能性［练习］说出下列句子的基本结构
1.There area lot of fanswaiting outsidethe hall.
1.1hear that his sonisresponsiblefor theimportant project.
3.My auntbought alotofdifferent booksfor metheotherday.
4.Look!The playersare runningvery fast.
5.Keeping thebalance ofnatureisreally importantfor us.
6.Does Jenniferlive here
7.Chris startedlearning Englisha littleover threeyearsago.
8.The secretof successis honestyand fairdealing/di liij/.
9.Whaley invitesthe restof theclass tojoin him.
1.11heard aknock on the door.
11.This developmentdid nottake placeovernight.
12.There aretimes when your heartis notin yourwork.
13.Monkeys seemto havea waywith numbers.
14.It givesus agreat feelingof peace.
15.Our hostsshared manyof theirexperiences.[Integrated skillsExtended reading,Project,Assessment,Further study]91Wait for the proposaltobeaccepted by the principal.等待提案被校长接受【佚口识点、一】proposal/pro*pou zl/⑴n.提议，建议，动议2propose v.建议;提议;求婚2lub aim:To improveshort story writing skills俱乐部目的:提高短篇故事的写作技巧【知识点一】aim/el m/ln.[C]目标，目的常见搭配achieve onesaim达到某人的目标with the aim of...=for thepurpose of...为了…;目的是…take aim at瞄准；批评3vi.vt.力求达到，力争做到常见搭配aim todo sth»力争做到某事aim at doingsth.aimat/for sth,力争得到某物4vt.目的是,旨在;针对,对象是常见搭配be aimedatdoingsth.旨在…，目的是…be aimedat sb.针对某人，对象是某人主语一般是物5vt.vi.瞄准，对准常见搭配aim sth.at sb./sth.把…瞄准…6aimless adj.没有方向的，无目标的7aimlessly adv,漫无目的地，毫无目标地［练习］1Activities thererange/rei ndj/from whale/wei1/watching tohiking远足and accommodations0kD model f on/aim havea lowimpact/I mpaekt/onthenatural environment.2He aimedthe gunthe bird.3The programmeis aimat youngteenagers.4The little girl wandered/wD nd^r/around aim.5He cametheaimof makingittothe semi-final semifai nol/—and hedid it.6这个节日的目的是to increasepeopledawareness ofChinese culture and traditions.7The reform/nf0m/of theeducational system/旨在提鬲students9ability tothink creativelyand independently.【知识点二】improve/I mpruv/1vt.vi.改进，改善2improvement n.改善
3.Read shortstories indifferent styles.读不同类型的短篇故事【知识点一】style/stai1/⑴n.风格;方式;样式2stylish adj,时髦的;有风格的
4.Write shortstories usingdifferent techniques.用不同的技巧写短篇故事【知识点一】technique/tek nik/⑴n.技巧,技艺;技能2technical adj.技术上的;工艺的3technology n.科技，技术；技术设备，先进机器
3.1nvite professionalwriters togive talkson shortstorywriting.邀请专业的作家在短篇故事写作上发表演讲【知识点一】professional/pro fefonl/ladj.职业的，专业的;有职业的;娴熟的，精通业务的⑵n.专门人员，专业人士⑶反义词amateur/aemot0r/n.业余爱好者；adj.业余的;业余爱好的
6.Materials needed需要的材料【知识点一】material/mo tiorial/⑴n.材料;素材⑵adj.物质的，实际的;客观存在的3spiritual/spi ritj ual/adj.精神的
7.Last year,!had thechance tostudy ata Britishsecondary schoolas anexchange student.去年，我有机会作为交换生在英国的一所中学学习【知识点一】exchange/I kstf elndj/1n.交换;交流;互换2It isimpolite ofchildren tocut inwhen theirsenior aretalking.3Tom issenior mein the company.4As a new worker,Richard wasjunior thosewho hadbeen inthecompanyforalong time.5Of thetwo books,I thinkthis oneis superiorthat one.6Many experts/eksp3t/have giventalks herethat havefocused onthe medicalcare,and thedevelopment ofpublicservices对老年人.7I havemade greatprogress in my Englishsince Ibecame_________________________________________一名高中生.
3.The pathbefore youleads toa worldfull ofchallenges:anewenvironment,new knowledge and newways ofthinking,摆在你们面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界:新的环境、新的知识和新的思维方式【知识点一】path/pa0/ln.道路；小路；成功的途径2path to...通往…的途径【知识点二】challenge/tj aeli ndj/⑴n.[C,U]挑战;质疑常见搭配face a challenge面对挑战accept/take on初中/take up高中a challenge接受挑战meet/rise toachallenge迎接挑战2vt.向…挑战,邀请…比赛;对…表示怀疑常见搭配challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑战某事,邀请某人进行…比赛challenge sb.todo sth.激励某人做某事3challenger n.[C]挑战者4challenging adj.富有挑战性的；考验能力的［练习］常见搭配make anexchange交换in exchangefor作为交换…exchange students交换生;互派的留学生exchange rate汇率2vt.vi.交换;交流;兑换常见搭配exchange sth.for sth.以某物交换某物exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物exchange addresses/telephone numbers互留地址/电话号码exchange ideas/views/information交流想法/看法/信息4妙记exchange的多种含义国=同用碍交换，互换兑换交就［练习］1Its traditionalforthetwo teamsto exchangeshirts eachother afterthe game.2You canexchange yourpounds dollarsinthebank.3Ive offeredto paintthe kitchenexchange fbra weeksaccommodation.4If yougo shoppingin Canada,dont forgetto first_________________________________________G巴夕卜币兑换为Canadian dollars.5I wantstudentstocarefully studythe materialsand___________________________________________________互相交流想法.6When sheheard herson hadbeen chosenas一名交换生toakey university,words couldntconvey/k0n vei/herexcitement.
8.1stayed witha lovelyhost familyand wentto schoolwith theirson,Daniel.我住在一个很棒的寄宿家庭，和他们的儿子丹尼尔一起上学［知识点一】host/hou st/1n.主人;东道主;主持人2vt.主办;主持3hostess n.女主人;女主持人9very secondaryschool studentinthe UK muststudy English,Maths andthe Sciencesubjects:Biology,Chemistryand Physics.英国的每个中学生都必须学习英语、数学和科学课程生物、化学和物理【知识点一】secondary/sek0ndori/1adj.中学的;次要的2secondary education中等教育【知识点二】Biology/bai Dhd3i/2n.生物学3biological/.bai olodji kol/adj.生物的4biologist/bai Dl0d31st/n.生物学家
10.In thebeginning,however,it wasstill toughfor meto remembereveryones name!然而,^开4台V己住所有人的名字对我来说仍然很困难！【知识点一】tough/tA f/ladj.艰难的；艰苦的;棘手的E.g.He facesthe toughesttest ofhis leadershipso far.2adj.严厉的;强硬的;无情的常见搭配be toughon/with sb/sth对某人/某事严厉3adj.坚强的;健壮的;能吃苦耐劳的;坚韧不拔的E.g.A toughman cantolerate/tD hreit/suffering.4adj.坚固的;不易切开或打破、撕破等的E.g.a toughpair ofshoes一双结实的鞋子
11.1like itso muchthat Istill useit asmy alarm!我非常喜欢它以至于我仍然用它来当闹钟!【知识点一］alarm/ola m/⑴n.［C］闹钟;警报;警报器;警报装置;［U］恐慌常见搭配alarm clock闹钟sing the alarm敲警钟raise/sound thealarm发警报；吹警报号give thealarm to给…发警报take thealarm at对…感到吃惊；因…而惊恐in alarm惊恐地set offthealarm触动警报器a fire/smoke alarm防火/烟雾警报器an alarmsystem警报系统2vt.使惊恐，使害怕;使不安;使担心⑶alarming adj.令人担忧的;引起恐慌的⑷alarmed adj.担心的;害怕的常见搭配:be alarmedat/by对…感到担忧be alarmedtodo sth做某事感到恐慌［练习］1He soundedalarmas soonashesaw thesmoke inthe tallbuilding.2The situationis gettingworse atan alarmrate.3The governmentwas alarmbytheincrease inthenumberof drug/drA g/addicts/aedi kt/.4A loudnoise camefrom nowhere,making everyonehold stillalarm.5They shouldnot betoo alarmedthe pressreports.6一扇窗户突然被吹开，触动了警报器A windowwas blownopen suddenly,________________________________________.7然而,她初次见到机器人的时候感到惊恐However,when shefirst sawthe robot,she.【知识点二】so…that…1如此…以至于…引导结果状语从句2such...that...乜口立匕・・,以至于...3巧记so和such的用法区别名前such,形副so多多少少many/much/few/little也用solittle一词特殊记J小”用such,“少”用soo［练习］1It wasnoisythat wecouldnt hearourselves speak.2It isa wetcity thatthe treesthere aretall,some measuringover9meters.3It iscold thatyou cantgo outsideunless fullycovered inthick clothes.4Its goodweather that I wouldlike tohaveawalk.5You can*t imaginelittle birdscan eatmany insectsin ashort time.6He didntimagine a littlegirlcould domuch housework,so hewas surprised.7It wasso colda daythat there was nobody inthe street.用such...that...改写It was__________________________________________________therewasnobodyinthestreet.8Iwasso excitedthatI couldnt wait to try my hand at riding the bicycle.用侄］装句改写Icouldntwaittotrymyhandatridingthebicycle.
12.Class discussionisveryimportantintheUK,but Icould notmake agreat contributionbecause sometimesI wasntableto expressmyself clearlyin English.课堂讨论在英国是很重要的，但我作不出多大的贡献，因为有时我无法清楚地用英语表达自己的想法【知识点一】contribution/,kD ntribjufn/1n.贡献；捐款；捐赠；稿件常见搭配make acontribution/contributions to...to为介词对…作出贡献;为…捐款⑵contribute vt.vi.捐献,贡献;增进;撰稿常见搭配:contribute...to...把…捐献给…contribute to...为…作贡献;为…撰稿;促成;是…的原因之一3contributor n.投稿人;捐款人;促成者［练习］1He hasmade animportant contributetothecompanys success.2They saythey wouldliketocontribute morecharity,but theirmoney istight/tal t/this year.3In asense,itishealth ratherthan wealththat contributesones happinessand well-being.4He receivedhonours andawards from the governmentfor hiscontributeto agriculturalproduction.5江苏省坐落于“一带“和”一路”的交汇处，将为“一带一路”建设做出更多贡献Located wherethe Beltmeets theRoad,Jiangsu provincewill theBelt andRoadconstruction.
12.Although therewas notas muchhomework asIwasused to,it wasstill challenging.虽然作业不像我以前那么多了,但仍然很有挑战性【知识点一】although1引导让步状语从句【知识点二】as...as...1引导比较状语从句2表示同级比较，意为和..・一样…”，两个as之间通常使用形容词或副词的原级，其中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词3用于肯定句或否定句中，该结构用于否定句时可与so…as…”结构互换4几种形式as+adj./adv.原级+as…as+adj.+a/an+可数名词单凌攵+as...as many+可数名词复数+as...asmuch+不可数名词+as...5若该结构有修饰词twice,half等，需把修饰词至于第一个as前E.g.This dressis twiceas expensiveas thatone.［练习］1我们今年的稻谷产量是去年的两倍，We veproducedyearwe didlast year.2你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流利Your penwritesmine.3他篮球打得和我一样好He playsbasketball as.4他的建议不如我的有价值His suggestionis not____________________________________________.5他和他哥哥学会了一样多的英文单词He haslearnedhis brother.6她*口她妈妈一样是位好1老师o Sheisher mother.7他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一^半He doesntplayhis eldersister.
14.Fortunateh,my teachersand classmateswere alwayshelpfulandgave melots ofencouragement.My languageskillsimproved overtime.幸运的是，我的老师们和同学们总是愿意帮忙，给了我很多鼓励随着时间的推移,我的语言技能提鬲了O【知识点一】fortunately/fotf onotli/1adv.幸运地，幸亏⑵fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的3同义词luckily【知识点二】overtime1随着时间流逝，久而久之
15.There werelots ofoptions includingbread andbutter,chicken pieand pudding,but Istill missedmy mumscooking.有很多选择，包括黄油和面包，鸡肉派和布丁，但我仍然想念我妈妈做的饭【知识点一】option/Dp］n/1n.可选择的事物，选择;选修课⑵optional adj.可选择的;选修的
16.The onethat attractedme mostwas theRugby Club.最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部【知识点一]attract/Q traekt/⑴vt.吸引，使喜爱;招引；引起反应常见搭配attract onesattention/interest吸引某人的注意/兴趣attract sbto sth吸引某人关注某事物be attractedby被…吸弓I⑵attraction n.[U]吸引力,爱慕;[C]有吸引力的事;向往的地方常见搭配have no/alittle/much attractionforsb对某人不具有/有一点/很有吸引力tourist attraction旅游景点；旅游胜地⑶attractive adj.有吸引力的常见搭配be attractiveto...对…有吸引力[练习]1The governmentis tryingto attractindustry thearea.2The cityisanimportant touristattract.3As one ofthemost places,Mount Wuyimillions oftourists eachyear,and oneof itsmostfamous touristis theNine-Bend Stream,attract4When youcome here,you willbe entirely/intai oli/attracted thenatural scenery/si nori/.5Known asoneofthe fourgreat ancientcivilizations/si volaizei fon/,China isattractive manyforeigners.6I thoughthewasvery attractand obviously^*D bvi^sli/very intelligent.7He wasntsure hedgot itright,although thetheory/01ori/had muchattraction him.【拓展词汇】
1.accomplish[o kAmpli f]v.完成I wantto thankall myteam memberswho helpedmealot toaccomplish thegreat milestone.我想感[射所有大力帮助我实现这一伟大里程碑的队员们
2.delightful[dilai tfol]adj.令人愉快的Space travelcan beso delightfulbut atthe sametime invisibly[invi zobli]dangerous.太空方女行会令人彳艮，愉巾夬,但与此同时又暗藏着危险
3.addicted[o dikti d]adj.上瘾的；入迷的It isharmful tobe addictedto nicotine[ni kotin].对尼古丁上瘾是有害的
4.adjust oneselfto[od3A st]使某人适应She hadto admitthat itwas noteasy toadjust herselftothenew academic[,田k demik]requirements,which totallydifferedfrom thoseof China.她不得不承认要适应新的学术要求并不容易，它们和中国的学术要求完全不同
5.be determined todo[dit3mi nd]下定决心做China isdeterminedtoaccomplish thegoal ofbuilding awell-off societyin allaspects.中国下定决心要实现全面建成小康社会的目标【话题拓展】Learning:a LifelongCareerAs foodis tothe body,so islearning tothe mind.Our bodiesgrow andmuscles|mA sol]develop withthe intakeofadequate[aedi kwst]nutritious food.Likewise,we shouldkeep learningday byday tomaintain akeen mindand expandourintellectual capacity[ko1paesoti].Constant[kD nstont]learning suppliesus withinexhaustible[,I mg zostobol]fuel[fju ol]for drivingus tosharpen ourpower ofreasoning,analysis[o nsehsis],and judgement.Learning constantlyis thesurest wayto keeppace withthe timesintheinformation age,andareliable[rilai ob9l]way ofensuringsuccess intimes ofuncertainty.学习:一生的事业学习之于心灵，就像食物之于身体一样在摄取了适量有营养的食物后,我们的身体得以生长并且肌肉得以发达同样她，我们应该日复一日地不断学习以保持头脑敏锐，并扩充我们的智力容量不断学习提供给我们用之不尽的“燃料二来驱使我们强化我们的推理、分析和判断能力持续地学习是在信息化时代中与时俱进的最可靠的方法,也是在有不确定性的时代中确保成功的一个可靠方法1Every teacherought/0t/to challengestudents thinkabout theirfuture.2Mike foundachallengejob asa computerprogrammer/prou graem0r/.3I likemy jobtobechallenge.4The secondchallenge isa heavyweight/heviwei t/.5I wantto challengehim agame ofbasketball.6Creating anatmosphere/aetmosfi Qr/in whichemployees feelpart ofa team是一个很大的挑战.7He himselfsays hewill面对力匕战bravely.【次口1只点、三】thinking/01gki q/ln.思维，思想；想法2think vtvi想；思索3thought动词的过去式过去分词/n.想法
4.However,for thoseofyouwithapositive mind,opportunity liesin eachchallenge.然而，对于你们当中拥有乐观心态的人来说，机会就在每一次挑战中【知识点一】positive/pDzotl v/ladj.积极乐观的;良好的，正面的2反义词:negative/neg0tl v/adj.消极的;负面的【知识点二】opportunity/Dp tjunoti/ln.机会，时机常见搭配have theopportunity todosth.有机会做某事2同义词chance【知识点三】lie/lai/lvi.lay-lain躺;平放;位于常见搭配lie onyour back/side/front仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lie down身尚下2vi.lied-lied说谎常见搭配lie to sb向某人说谎3n.[C]谎言常见搭配tell alie/lies说谎4易混辨析易混词含义过去式过去分词现在分词lie躺;位于lay lainlyinglie说谎lied liedlyinglay放置;产卵laid laidlaying5lie in存在于
5.When yourise tothe challenges,youwillhave theopportunityto acquire great knowledgeand enjoy personalgrowth.当你们迎接挑战时，你们将有机会获得大量的知识，享受个人成长【知识点一】rise to1能够处理⑵give riseto使…发生3rise-rose-risen【知识点二】acquire/S kwaior/1vt.获得;得到常见搭配acquire agood knowledgeof...得到…知识;精通…acquire ataste for...开始喜欢...［佚口1只点、三】toacquiregreatknowledgeandenjoypersonal growth1不定式作定语修饰名词⑵常用动词不定式作后置定语的有ability,chance,opportunity,excuse,promise,way,time,wish,right权利，courage,thefirst,the second,the last等E.g.We haveno timeto waste.⑶被形容词最高级或no,any,all所修饰的中心词，也常用动词不定式作后置定语E.g.He wasthebestman todo thejob.4动词不定式作后置定语可以表示”将要完成或将要被完成”的含义E.g.The airporttobecompleted nextyear willhelp promote/pro maut/tourism/tu0rl zom/in thisarea.
6.Most importantly,yourtimeand effortat seniorhighschoolwill openthe doorto yourpotential.最重要的是，你们在高中的时光和努力将打开你们的潜力之门［知识点一］most importantly1最重要的是副词或副词短语位于句首，修饰整个句子2同义短语:above all=most especially【知识点二】effort/efot/⑴n.努力;费力的事;艰难的尝试;试图;尽力常见搭配make aneffort todosth努力做某事spare noeffort todosth不遗余力做某事put effortinto doingsth努力做某事in aneffort todosth试图做某事with aneffort=with difficulty困难地，费了好大的劲［练习］1While QueenslandRail尽一切努力to ensuretrains runas scheduled,there canbe noguarantee/,gseron ti/of connectionsbetween trainsor betweentrain servicesand busservices.2We put很多努力into theprogramme.
7.Put simpl,potential isyour naturalability thatcanbedeveloj edwhenyoutry hardenough.简单来说,潜力就是你们与生俱来的能力，当你们足够努力时，它就能得到开发【知识点一】put simply1简单来说；简而言之2put v.表达；说常见搭配to putit mildly温和地说to putit anotherway换个说法【知识点二】develop/divelop/lv.发展，发育；逐步形成；开发；产生2developing adj.发展中的3developed adj.发达的
8.Who knowswhat beautifulworks ofart youwill create,what medicaladvances youwill makeor whatamazingtechnologies youwill develop!谁知道你们将创作出什么样的精美艺术品，你们将取得什么样的医学进步,抑或你们将开发出什么样的惊人科技！【知识点一】advance/od vans/ln.进步，进展；前进，进行常见搭配in advance预先;提前in advanceof...比…先进;超前于…make anadvance/advances取得进步3vt.vi,发展，进步;前进;促进;提出;使进展常见搭配advance on/towards sb./sth.向某人/某物前进4advanced adj.高等的，高级的；先进的；发展晚期的，后期的［练习］1Money willbe paidhalf advanceand halfon completion/kom plifon/.2An enormous/ino mos/gap/gaep/remains betweentheadvancecountries andthe developingcountries.3在过去的四十年里,中国在科技方面进步很大China inscience andtechnology inthe pastfour decades/dekei d/.【知识点二】amazing ISmei zig/1adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的2amazed adj.大为惊奇的；惊讶的常见搭配be amazedat/by sth对某事感到惊讶be amazedtodo...惊奇地做某事be amazedthat...对・・・感到惊讶3amazement n.吃惊惊奇常见搭配in amazement惊奇地to onesamazement令某人惊讶的是4amaze v.使惊讶5以-ing结尾的形容词通常表示事物的性质，意为“令人…的、以-ed结尾的形容词通常说明人的状态、表情、情绪等，意为“感到…的”［练习］1The foreignstudents wereonce againamaze bythis uniquecultureandthey couldnthelp takingpictures fromtimeto time.2amaze,the driverwalked awayfromtheaccident completelyuninjured/A nI ndjod/.3Where canyouseethe amazephotos4To hisamazement,wewerenot amazedat hisamazing achievements.同义句转换一was thatwewerenot amazedathisamazing achievements,amaze
9.The possibilitiesare endless,and Ihave confidencein yourability tomake a difference to your family,toyourcommunityand toour country.你们的可能性是无限的，我相信你们有能力对你们的家庭、你们的社区和我们的国家产生影响【知识点一】confidence/kD nfidons/⑴n.信心，信任;把握常见搭配have/show confidencein...对…有信心；信任…with confidence满怀信心地2confident adj.自信的;肯定的；确信的；有把握的常见搭配be confidentabout/in sth.对某事有信心be confidentof doingsth.对做某事有把握be confidentthat...对…有信心；确信⑶confidently adv.自信地［练习］1We haveconfidenceour team.2HI feelmore confidenceinmyactions now,HTaylor says.3You canand mustact wiselyand confident.4你不愿意和他交谈，是因为你对你的英语口语没有自信【知识点二】make adifference1有影响，有作用,有关系可单独使用常见搭配make adifference tosb./sth对某人/某物来说有影响/有关系It makesadifferencetosb+从句…对某人来说有影响/有关系makea/some/much/no difference有/有一些/有许多/没有影响或作用One falsestep willmakeagreat difference.［谚］失之毫厘，谬以千里［练习］1这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用It showsthat aknowledgeoffirst aid/ei d/can2如果你那样做，影响就大了If youdo so,it will________________________________________.3没有他，会影响你的工作吗。
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