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年中考英语复习被动语态语法精讲及练习2024英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（）和被动语态（）The ActiveVoice ThePassive Voice主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如（主动语态）Many peoplespeak English.（被动语态）English is spoken by many people.基本形式（及物动词的过去分词）be+ved被动语态的用法）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强1调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态This jacketis made of cotton.English isspoken inmany countriesin the world.）强调动作的承受者时这个男孩最后得救了2The boywas savedat last.
一、主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动句The boybroke the window yesterday.被动句The windowwas brokenby theboy yesterday.步骤一原句中的宾语变成主语the window步骤二谓语动词改为被动形式broke was broken步骤三原句中的主语放在介词的后面The boyby步骤四其他成分如不变yesterday口诀宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词be+V.pp
二、主动语态变被动语态的时态的变化各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表时态主动语态被动语态be+V.pp一般现在时过去分词1do/does am/i s/are+一般过去时过去分词2Did was/were+含情态动词情态动词+动词原形情态动词过去分词3+be+f将来时动词原形过去分词4will/be going to+will/be goingto+be+过去将来时动词原形过去分词5would+would+be+现在进行时现在分词过去分词6am/i s/are+am/i s/are+bei ng+过去进行时现在分词过去分词7was/were+Was/were+being+现在完成时去分词过去分词8have/has+ii have/has+been+过去完成时过去分词过去分词9had+had been+注中考一般只考一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时以及情态动词的被动语态，其余只作拓展学习
三、被动语态的考点含有双宾语人/物的主动句变被动句时
1.可有两种被动语态的常用动词有等A.buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,telL show
1.He gaveme thebook just now.The bookwas givento meby him justnow.二I was given thebook byhimjustnow.
2.They showthe guardtheir passportsat the entrance to the building.The passportswere shownto theguard by them at theentrance to the building.二The guardwas shownthe passportsbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.通常用直接宾语作被动语态主语的一些动词有等B.bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write
1.He wroteher aletter.A letterwas writtento her.oMy mothermade mea skirt.A skirtwas madefor meby mymother.口诀物；物+人A+be+V.pp++be+V.pp+to使役动词感官动词以及等在主动语态中省去
2.make,have,let;see,watch,hear,feel helpto,但改成被动语态后都要加上不能省略to,但如果主动语态是的结构，改成变动语态后则前不能加see/watch/hear sb.doing sthV-ingto.eg.be seendoing sth.使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表主动语态被动语态使make sb do sth sb bemade to do sth役have sbdo sthsb behad to do sth动let sbdo sthsb belet to do sth词see sbdo sthsb beseen to do sth感watch sbdo sthsb bewatched todo sth观hear sbdo sthsb beheard todo sth动notice sbdo sthsb benoticed todo sth词find sbdo sthsb befound todo sthfeelsbdosthsbbe felttodosth一些只有主动语态，没有被动语态的动词
3.（发生）,（属于），（卖得好）,（写得好）happen=take placebelong tosell wellwrite well,sleep（睡觉）（拥有）,（看来好像）等,run,exist,have seem•当谓语动词为短语时，不能丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词，如等4hand in,take care of
四、初中常见的主动表被动的几种情况表示称重、测量花费、
1.weigh,measure,cost,last,break out,take place,happen“持续，“发生”等动词为状态动词或不及物动词，虽然汉语有被动含义，但英语要用主动形式表被动之意会议持续了两小时eg.The meetinglasted twohours.他昨晚怎么了？What happenedto himlast night等连系动词,用主动形式表被动意义
2.feel,look,sound,smell,taste这竹椅摸起来很凉快eg.The bamboochair feelscool..他的理论听起来有些道理His theorysounded reasonable表示“需要”的等动词以及形容词（值得）后面，跟动词的
3.need,want,require worth-ing主动形式表达被动意义那座旧房子需要修了eg.The oldhouse wantsrepairing/to berepaired.这本字典很值得买This dictionaryis wellworth buying.不定式作定语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语、间宾或说话人时，不定式用主动形式表达被
4.动意义她有一位年迈的爷爷需要照eg.She hasand oldgrandfather tolook after.综合练习
一、单项选择一
1.Do youoften cleanyour classroom—Yes.Our classroomevery day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleanedD.is cleaning
2.A talkon developmentsin scienceand technologyin theschool hallnext week.A.given B.will begiven C.has beengiven D.give
3.His newbook nextmonth.A.will bepublished B.is publishingC.is beingpublished D.has beenpublished一一
4.Did yougo toJacks birthdayparty No,!.A.am notinvited B.wasnt invitedC.havent invitedD.didnt invite一
5.Mum,can Igo tothe zoowith Jack一When yourhomework,you can.A.is doneB.was done C.does D.did
6.Twenty-year-olds shouldnot todrive inChina.上A.allow B.be allowC eallowed D.allowed.
7.Seeing himrush intothe roomwith tearsin hiseyes,I askedhim what.A.would happenB.had happenedC.happened D.was happened.
8.The bookBusiness@the Speedof Thought_____in
1999.A.writes B.is writtenC.wrote D.was written.
9.Trees andflowers everyyear tomake ourcountry morebeautiful.A.is plantedB.was plantedC.are planted D.were planted.
10.China,s sportsstars YaoMing andLiu XiangGood WillAmbassadors亲善大使for Shanghai.A.has beennamed B.have beennamed C.has namedD.have named.
11.The earthis ourhome.lt well.A.must beprotected B.should protectC.need protectD.should protected.
12.In recentyears,many childrenare madewhat theyare not.A.todointerested inB.todo;interested C.do;interested D.do;interested.
13.a newlibrary inyour schoollast yearA.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;built D.Did;built.
14.An accidenton thisroad lastweek.A.has beenhappened B.was happenedC.is happenedD.happened.
15.Cotton in the southeastof China.A.is grownB.are grownC.grows D.grow.
16.So far,the moonbymanalready.A.is visitedB.will bevisited C.has beenvisited D.was visited.
17.How manytrees thisyearA.are plantedB.will plantC.have beenplantedD.planted.
18.A lotof thingsby peopleto savethe littlegirl now.A.are doingB.are beingdoneC.has beendone D.will bedone.
19.Neither of them inChinaA.is madeB.are made C.were madeD.made.
20.Look!A nicepicture forour teacher.A.is drawingB.is beingdrawn C.has beendrawn D.draws.
21.Your shoes.You needa newpair.A.wear outB.worn outC.are wornout D.is worn.
22.The doctorfor yet.A.isnt sentB.hasnt beensent C.wont besent D.wasnt sent.一一23When thiskind ofcomputer Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used
24.The GreatWall aboutall overthe world.A.knows B.knew C.is knownD.was known.
25.1in summer.A.born B.was bornC.have beenborn D.am born.A.is sentB.would sendC.was sentD.will besent.
27.Who thisbook_A.did;written B.was;written byC.do;written D.was;written
28.Mary showme hernew dictionary.A.has askedto B.was askedto C.is askedD.asks to
29.A storyby Grannyyesterday.A.was told us B.was toldto usC.is toldusD.toldus
26.He saysthat MrZhang tothe factorynext week.
30.The monkeywas seenout of the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump
31.The PeoplesRepublic of China onOctober1,
1949.A.found B.was foundedC.is foundedD.was found
32.English inCanada.A.speaks B.are spoken C.is speakingD.isspoken
33.This Englishsong bythe girlsafter class.A.often singsB.often sangC.is oftensang D.is oftensung
34.This kindof carin Japan.A,makes B.madeC.is makingD.is made
35.New computersall overtheworld.A.is usedB.are usingC.are usedD.have used
36.Our roommust clean.A.keep B.be keptC.to bekept D.to keep
37.——Fd liketo buythat coat.---Im sorry..A.it soldB.its sellingC.Its been sold D.it hadbeensold
38.A newhouse atthe cornerof theroad.A.is buildingB.is beingbuilt C.been builtD.be building
39.The keyon thetable whenI leave.A.was leftB.will beleft C.is leftD.has beenleft
40.Doctors inevery partof theworld.A.need B.are needingC.are neededD.will need
41.Old peoplemust be looked after well andpolitely.A.speak to B.spokenC.speak D.spoken to
42.Old peoplemust.A.look afterwell B.be looked well afterC.lookedwellafter D.belookedafterwell
43.Newly-born babiesin hospital.A.are takengood careB.are takengood careofC.take goodcareofD.take goodcare
44.These wallsstones.A.are madeof B.madeofC.are made into D.madeinto
45.The coather sister.A.made toB.were madefor C.was madefor D.was made to
46.1five minutesto decidewhether Ishould goor not.A.gave B.was givingC.had givenD.wasgiven
47.The teachermade himhis homeworkA.todoB.do C.did D.done
48.The boy_streets withoutpay in the olddays.A.was madeto cleanB.made clean C.madeto clean D.was madeclean
49.These children——dance.A.were seentoB.were seenfor C.were seen D.saw to
50.The bike500yuan.A.was costB.costed C.cost D.is costed
51.Great changesin thepast tenyears inChina.A.took placeB.have takenplace C.were takingplace D.had takenplace
52.You cantuse thecomputer,it.A.wasbrokendown B.is wrongC.is badD.has brokendown
53.What timethe doorevery dayA.does;closed B.does;close C.is;closed D./;close
54.The apple__very sweet.A.is tastedB.taste C.tastes D.are tasting
55.--What doyou thinkof theTV playWonderful.It isworth asecond time.A.watching B.watched C.seenD.seeing
56.How dirtythe tablesare!They need__.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaning D.cleaned
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空请注意时态和语态两个方面据说
1.1ts saidthat thelong bridgebuild intwo months.
2.Where tohave themeeting discussnow.
3.Which languagethe mostwidely speakin theworld
4.The lostboy notfind sofar.
5.Lastyeara largenumber oftrees cutdown.
6.The studentsoftentell totake careof theirdesks andchairs.
7.The oldman isill.Hemust sendtothehospital.
8.Vegetables,eggs andfruitssell inthis shop.
9.What knivesmake of金属Theymake ofmetal andwood.
10.Can themagazinetake outofthelibraryIL Theroomclean byme everyday.
12.The starscantsee inthe daytime.
13.Some flowerswaterby LiMing already.
14.This kindof shoessellwell.
15.How longyour unclebeinthecity
16.The foodsmelldelicious.
17.Look!Someonedance.
18.Applesgrow onthis farm.
19.Russianleamas thesecond languageby somestudents inChina.
20.The cinemasbuildin
1985.三.将下列句子变为被动语态1They playfootball onSunday._____________________________________________________2Lucy doesthe homeworkintheevening._____________________________________________3They oftenuse computersin class.__________________________________________________
4.People growrice inthe southofthecountry.
5.The schooldoesnt allowus toplay inthe playgroundwithout ateacher.
6.This farmergrew beautifulflowers lastyear.
7.John answeredall thequestions.___________________________________________________
8.Tom brokethewindow._________________________________________________________
9.My fatherbought mea bike.______________________________________________________
10.My motheradvised meto finishmy homeworkfirst.1l.We mightput offthe sportsmeeting untilnext Tuesday.
12.We shouldntlaugh atthe disabledpeople.__________________________________________
13.His parentsshould allowhim topractice playingbasketball onSunday.
14.We mustspeak toour teacherpolitely._____________________________________________四.完成句子
1.邮票被人们用来寄信_________________________________________________________
2.茶叶是在杭州被人们种植的__________________________________________________
3.你知道澳大利亚说英语吗？___________________________________________________
4.电话是谁发明的？___________________________________________________________
5.这本书是鲁迅写的__________________________________________________________.你能告诉我篮球是什么时候发明的吗？
67.我们应该按时交作业________________________________________________________.必须制定一些规则来阻止人们污染
89.教室每天必须打扫干净______________________________________________________
10.我认为应该在这条河上建座桥________________________________________________我认为不应该允许十六岁的青少年开车
11..你认为应该鼓励青少年自己做决定吗
121.11dont know.（中国南部是否种植水稻）（）grow,plant/produce
14.They toldme.（汉江上又建起了一坐桥）（）build
15.Diaoyu Island.（是中国人最先发现的，所以它一定属于中国）（）belong
16.---Why dontyou getnervous beforethe exams——Because we_____________________________________________________________（常被教导别把分数看得太重）（）.educate。
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