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【年】山东省德州市大学英语级大20226学英语六级预测试题(含答案)学校:班级:姓名:考号:
一、l.Writing(10题)
1.Directions:For thispart,you are allowed30minutes to write ashort essaycommentingon the evaluation ofteachers1performance doneby the students.You should write at least150words followingthe outline given below inChinese.
1.不少大学让学生参与任课老师教学情况的测评
2.对此改革措施校方、教师、学生的看法不一
3.学生测评教师的益处以及可能产生的问题
2.Directions:For thispart you areallowed30minutes to write acompositionabout Diligence Is the Key to Success.You aregiven thefollowing outlinesinChinese and are requiredtowriteno less than150words.Remember towriteclearly.
1.对“勤奋是成功的关健”涵义的理解;
2.成功不是靠运气;
3.了解成功重要性的意义
4.Directions:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite aletter.Supposeyou areLi Ming.Write aletter toMartha,a teacherof yoursin thesenior highschool.You shouldwrite at least150words followingthe outlines given below:
1.得知老师要来伦敦访问非常高兴;
2.介绍自己的学习和生活;
3.希望能带老师参观伦敦
18.Increasing onesoutput turns out to be the most importantstrategy infulfilling theself-improvement.A.YB.N C.NG
19.The4,200-acre ranchis keptas onelarge and intact archeological site due toWilcoxs.
20.The MostBeautiful Cityin AmericaIt has beencalled the most beautifulcity inAmerica.It alsois thesubject of avery popularbook aboutmurder.The storyof Savannah,Georgia,is ourreporttoday.Savannah,Georgia,is nothuge.It isonly the3rd largestcity in this Southernstate.It has about140thousand people.Yet fewAmerican citieshave protectedtheirpast as well as Savannah.It has beautiful oldhouses.It hasparkswith treesandcolorful flowers.A visitto Savannahtoday showsthat lifewas likein theSouthernUnited States200years ago.English settlersestablished the city of Savannah in
1733.They wereled byGeneral James Oglethorpe.General Oglethorpeand120settlers landedatYamakaroo bluffon theSavannah River.They chosethe placefor the city ofSavannahon ahill abovethe river.It was29kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean.General Oglethorpedecided to make Savannahasbeautifulas a city couldbe.Hedesigned thestreets in anunusual way.Many did not crosseach other.Instead,they endedin largeopen squareareas.There are21suchpublic squaresinSavannah.They havegrass,trees,flowers andstatues.They alsohave placesforpeople tosit andenjoy thebeauty.In the1700sSavannah became abusy port city forexporting farmproducts.In1793Eliwhiteney wasteaching on a cottonfarm near the city.He inventedamachine thatremoved seedsfrom thecotton plant.Until thenthe seedhad to beremoved byhand.The workwas veryhard.Eliwhiteneys inventionwas calledthencotton gin”.It greatlyimproved theability toproduce cotton.The cottongin madecotton the most importantproduct in the AmericanSouth.And itincreased importanceof Savannahas aportcity.Savannah becametheworlds leadingmarket forcotton.The SavannahCotton Exchangeset theprice ofcotton around the world.The citybecame rich.Rich peoplebegan tobuild largebeautifulhouses.The citycontinued to grow richeruntil theearly1860s.That iswhenAmericas Nortliemstates foughtthe rebelSouthern statesin theCivil War.One of the mostfamous Northerngenerals wasWilliam Sherman.He leduniontroops toseize controlof rebelterritory in the South.General Shermancapturedthe city of Atlanta.From Atlantahe marchedhis troopsthrough theheart ofGeorgiato theAtlanticOcean.It wasknown asShermans Marchto theSea.TheUnion troopsburned all the houses,farms,animals andfood supplies on theirway.The purposewas todestroy popularsupport for the rebellionof theSouthernstates.General Shermansaid,“The Unionmust makeold andyoung,rich andpoorfeel the hard handof war.The peopleofSavannahlearned whatGeneral Shermanhad doneto the rest ofGeorgia.They didnot wantthe samething tohappen to them.So theyoffered tosurrendertheir beautifulcity ffhe promisednot tobum it.General Shermanacceptedthe offer.In December,1864,he scma messageto PresidentAbrahamLincoln inWashington.It said,I begto presentyou as a Christmasgift—the cityofSavannah.n Shermansgift included150heavy guns,ammunition and25thousand balesof cotton.The CivilWar hurtSavannahs economy.And yearsof growingnothing butcottondamaged thesoil.An insectcalled theboll weevildestroyed theplant.By1920,little cottonwas left.During the1900s,manufacturing tookthe placeofcotton farming.Savannahs shippingindustry continuedtogrow.However,manyold houseswere tearingdown,or theyfell apart.One visitorsaid thecity waslikea beautifulwoman with a dirtyface.In the1950s somecitizens ofSavannahbecame angry whenmore oldhouseswere beingthreatened bydevelopment.One companywanted todestroy ahouseto builda parkingarea forcars.A group of7women decided to savethe house.They askedpeople formoney.They collecA.YB.N C.NG
三、
3.Listening Comprehension10题
21.听力原文M:Its alreadyeight thirty.Well have to hurryif wewant tocatchthe flight.W:Well,it takesonly halfan hourto getto theairport,and theplane doesntleaveuntil ninefifty.We haveplenty oftime to check in.Q:How muchtime wouldbe leftfor theman and the womantocheckin for theflight15A.50minutes.B.30minutes.C.25minutes.D.15minutes.
22.听力原文W:Why isshe talkingso loudlyM:I thinkshe ishard of hearing.QWhy is the womanmentioned speakingso loudly18A.It is too noisy.B.She enjoysspeaking loudly.C.She isvery angry.D.She isdeaf.
23.
4524.34A.The violinwas too expensive.B.She was too youngto playthe violin.C.The violinwastoobig for her.D.Her motherwanted herto playthe piano.
25.Section BDirections:In thissection,you willhear3short passages.At theend of eachpassage,you willhear somequestions.Both thepassage and the questionswill bespokenonly once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose the best answerfrom the fourchoices markedA,B,C andD.听力原文My fatherdied whenI wasnine monthsold,making mymorn asinglemother at the ageof eighteen.While I was growingup,we liveda veryhardlife.We hadlittle money,but mymorn gavemealot oflove.Each night,shesat meon herlap andspoke thewords thatwould changemy life,nKemmons,youare certainto bea greatman andyou cando anythingin lifeif youwork hardenoughto getit.”At fourteen,I Washit bya car and thedoctors saidI would never walk again.Every day,my motherspoke tome inher gentle,loving voice,telling methat nomatterwhat thosedoctors said,I couldwalkagain.She drovethat messagesodeep intomy heartthat Ifinally believedher.A yearlater,I returnedto school——walking onmy own!When theGreat Depressionhit,my roomlost herjob.Then Ileft schooltosupport theboth of us.At thatmoment,Iwasdetermined neverto bepoor again.Over theyears,I experiencedvarious levels of business success.But therealturning pointoccurred on a vacationI tookwith my wife andfive kidsin
1951.Iwas dissatisfiedwith the second-class hotelsavailable forfamilies andwas angrythat they chargedme anextra$2for eachchild.That wastooexpensivefor theaverageAmerican family.I toldmywifethat Iwas goingto opena motelforfamilies thatwouldnevercharge extrafor children.There wereplenty ofdoubtersat thattime.Not surprisingly,mom was one of my strongestsupporters.She workedbehindthe deskand evendesigned theroom style.As in any business,we experiencedalot ofchallenges.But withmy motherswords deeplyrooted inmy soul,I neverdoubtedwe wouldsucceed.Fifteen yearslater,we hadthe largesthotel systeminthe world一Holiday Inn.In1979my companyhad1,759inns inmore thanfiftycountries with an incomeof$1billion ayear.27A.His momssupport.B.His wifessuggestion.C.His terribleexperience in the hotel.D.His previousbusinesssuccessof variouslevels.
26.24A.$
450.B.$
500.C.$
950.D.$1,
000.
27.Section BDirections:In thissection,you willhear3short passages.At theend ofeachpassage,you willhear somequestions.Both thepassage and the questionswill bespokenonly once.After youhear aquestion,you mustchoose thebest answerfromthe fourchoices markedA,B,C andD.听力原文Emily Dickinsonis one of thegreatest Americanpoets.She wasborninatypical NewEngland villagein Massachusettson December10,
1830.She was thesecondchild of the family.She diedin thesame housefifty-six yearslater.During herlife timeshe neverleft hernative land.She lefther homestateonly once.She lefther villagevery fewtimes.And afire1872she rarelyleft herhouse and yard.In thelast yearsof herlife sheretreated to a smallercircle offamilyand friends.In thoselater yearsshe dressedin white,avoided strangers,and communicatedchiefly throughnotes andpoems evenwith intimates.Thedoctor whoattended herillness was allowed toexamine”her manother room,seeing herwalk byan openeddoor.She was thought ofas astrange figureinher homevillage.When shedied onMay15,1886,she wasunknown to the restof the world.Only afterseven ofher poemshad appearedin printdid shebecomenoticed.But tothink EmilyDickinson only as astrange figureis a serious mistake.Shelived simplyand deliberately.She facedthe essentialfacts of life.According toHenryJames,a famousAmerican novelist,she wasone ofthose onwhomnothing waslost.Only bythus livingcould Dickinsonmanage bothto fulfillherobligations asa daughter,a sister,andahousekeeper and towriteon theaverageone poema day.She readonlyafew booksbut knewthem deeply.Her poemsare simplebutremarkably rich.Not until1950s wasshe recognizedasone of thegreatestAmerican poets.27A.Almost allher lifeB.Less thanhalf herlifeC.Until1830D.Before
187228.
4029.[BIO][B9]
四、
4.Reading ComprehensionReading inDepth3题The authorgave ithis nbestshot because.A.he wasvery competitivethenB.he wasgrateful toMr.PriestleyC.his classmateshad greatfaith inhimD.it tookhim along time for preparationFromthis passagewe maysafely inferthat mighthelp preventmentaldeclines.
30.The influenzapandemic of1918to
1919.A.wastheonly large-scaleepidemic inmodern timesB.killed aboutone thirdof the worlds populationC.had agreat impacton the world economyD.killcd more people thanAIDS did
五、
5.Error Correction©题[S9][S7][S4]
六、
6.Error Correction©题)[S6][S9][S4]参考答案
1.Evaluation byStudents Nowadaysa growingnumber of universities havelaunchedthe StudentEvaluation Projectin whichstudents are invited toevaluatethe jobperformance of their teachers.In mostcases students getevaluation formsat theend ofa semesterand areasked tofill themoutanonymously.There arevaried opinionsamong teachersand universityauthoritiesabout thiseducational reformprogram.University administratorsconsiderstudent evaluationto bean effectivemeans todiscipline teachersandhelp enhancethe teachingquality.However many teachers feel uncomfortableeven resentfulabout itbecause differentstudents mayhave differentstandards bywhichto judgetheir teachers.In theiropinion theevaluation results may beinfluenced by individual students personal feelings and therefore cantbe countedon as an objective reflection of the teaching performance.As forstudents theirattitudesare alsovaried:some liketo begiven avoice toexpress theirviews somedontunderstand itwhile somesimply dontcare.As awhole StudentEvaluationProject took a bold step in the university education reformprocess whichencouragesstudents to get moreactively involved in theclass teachingthuspositively creating an interactive academic atmosphere.Nevertheless manyotherproblems may arise correspondingly.For instancesome students may betoocritical abouta certainprofessor justbecause theprofessor is not funor heis toostrictwhich mighthave anegative impacton theimpartiality ofevaluation itselfmisleading the reformorientation.Evaluation byStudents Nowadays,a growingnumberofuniversitieshave launchedthe nStudentEvaluation Project”,in whichstudentsareinvitedto evaluatethe jobperformance of their teachers.In mostcases,studentsgetevaluation formsattheend ofa semesterand areasked tofillthem outanonymously.There arevaried opinionsamong teachersand universityauthoritiesabout thiseducational reform,program.University administratorsconsiderstudent evaluationto bean effectivemeans todiscipline teachersandhelp enhancethe teachingquality.However,manyteachersfeeluncomfortable,even resentfulabout it,because differentstudentsmayhave differentstandardsby whichto judgetheir teachers.In theiropinion,theevaluationresultsmay beinfluencedbyindividualstudentspersonalfeelingsand thereforecant becountedonasanobjectivereflectionof theteachingperformance.As forstudents,their attitudesare alsovaried:some liketo begiven avoice toexpress theirviews,some dontunderstand it,while somesimply dontcare.As awhole,StudentEvaluation Projecttookaboldstepin theuniversityeducationreform,process,which encouragesstudents to get moreactively involved in theclass teaching,thus positivelycreatinganinteractiveacademicatmosphere.Nevertheless,many,other problemsmayarisecorrespondingly.For instance,some studentsmay betoocritical abouta certainprofessor justbecause theprofessor is not funorheistoo strict,which mighthave anegative impacton theimpartiality ofevaluationitself,misleadingthereform,orientation.
2.Diligence Isthe KeytoSuccessDiligence is the key to success.It meansthatsuccess involves persistent workbut docsnot implythat wcarc toexert ourselvesaround the clock without fooddrink orsleep.The truemeaning of diligence isthecareful use of ones timefor the purposeof successor towork persistentlywithout wasting time.Some peoplebelieve in luck.This is a seriousmistake.Ifthere is really any luck at all itwill nevercome to a lazyperson.If afarmer plowshis field one day and then remainsidle for the restof theseason thebest of luckwill notbring himanything.There wouldbe no harvest for him at all.Those areclever who understandthe importanceof diligenceand makeit theirhabit.It isthey who are on the right way to success.There arealso people who alwaysthinkthat luck is more decisive inbringing aboutsuccess andtherefore there isnoneedfor working hard.But theyfail to realize that diligence isthe keyand onlydiligence will bring them luckand success.DiligenceIstheKeyto SuccessDiligenceisthekeytosuccess.It meansthat successinvolvespersistentwork butdoesnot implythat we are toexert ourselvesaround theclockwithoutfood,drinkor sleep.The truemeaning ofdiligence isthe carefuluseofonestimefor thepurposeof success,or towork persistentlywithoutwastingtime.Some peoplebelieveinluck.This isaseriousmistake.If thereisreallyanyluckat all,it willnevercome toa lazyperson.If afarmer plowshisfieldonedayand thenremainsidle fortherestof theseason,thebestofluckwill notbring himanything.Therewould benoharvestforhimat all.Those arecleverwhounderstand theimportanceofdiligenceand makeit theirhabit.It istheywhoareon therightwayto success.There arealso people who alwaysthink thatluckis moredecisiveinbringing aboutsuccess andtherefore thereisnoneed forworkinghard.But theyfailtorealizethatdiligenceisthekey,and onlydiligencewillbringthemluckand success.
3.A Letterto MyTeacher March232006Dear MissMartha I have beenmissingyou allthe timedear teacher.I amso gladto knowthat you are planningto cometoLondon fara visitthis summer vacation.Pm eagerlylooking forwardto seeingyouhere assoon aspossible.I have been inLondon for almost ayear.This termItake four courses:English historysociology and international law.They areinteresting and beneficial.I likethem verymuch.I haveadapted to the lifestylehere.Now I am livingwith anEnglish girlof myage who is majoringin Chinese.She iswarm-hearted tome often taking time to help me withmy Englishandtelling me many funny stories about English customs.In returnI haveofferedhelp toimprove herChinese.Were gettingalong wellwith eachother.I hopethatI can serve as your guide when you come here ona tour in the comingsummervacation.I willshow youaround London the worldfamous culturalcity.Tm sureyou will be deeply impressed by what you see.Best regards!Yours gratefullyLiMingA Letterto MyTeacher March23,2006Dear MissMartha,I have beenmissing youallthetime,dear teacher.I amso gladto knowthat you are planningtocome toLondon fara visitthis summervacation.Im eagerlylooking forwardtoseeing youhere assoon aspossible.I have been inLondon for almost ayear.This termI take fourcourses:English,history,sociology andinternational law.They areinterestingandbeneficial.I likethem verymuch.Ihaveadapted to thelifestyle,here.Now I am livingwith anEnglish girlofmyage,who ismajoring inChinese.She iswarm-hearted tome,oftentakingtimeto helpmewith myEnglishand tellingmemanyfunnystoriesaboutEnglishcustoms.In return,Ihave offeredhelp toimprove herChinese.Were gettingalong wellwith eachother.I hopethat Icanserveasyourguidewhen youcomehereonatourin thecomingsummervacation.I willshow youaround London,the worldfamouscultural city.Im sureyou willbedeeplyimpressedbywhatyousee.Best regards!Yours gratefully,Li Ming解析[审题]这次考试的写作题属于应用文写作总的来说,这类信函一般都会给出题头(很可能仅包括时间),称呼,结束语和签名所以它的考察重点是语言本身而不是格式根据题目要求,文章应包含以下三项基本内容第一项是得知老师要来伦敦访问非常高兴第二项是介绍自己的学习和生活如学习哪些课程;生活是否适应等第三项希望老师来访时带老师参观伦敦[提纲]
1.Glad to know thevisit.
2.About mystudy:takefourcourses interesting
3.About mylife:adapt to the lifelivewithanEnglish girlhelp eachother
4.My wish:show youaround London
4.Raising Dogsill theCity Recentlymore and more peoplebegin toraise dogs inthe city.You mayfind dogshere andthere in public placesor evenon buses.Ithas more or less become oneof the latest fashions.Yet thenegative effects ofraising dogsin thecity areobvious.To beginwith it may pollute the environment.We canoften seedogs droppingtheir wastearound thecity whenthey are walkedoutdoors.Few of their ownerswould pickit upafter the dogs.In thesecond placewith too many dogsinpublic placescases of dogs attackingpeople are not rarenow.Finally the barking ofdogs may also disturb the quietneighborhood.In myviewraising dogsin thecity mustbe put under strict control.Those whoraisedogs in thecity must observe respective regulationsand ruleswhich maykeep thedogs from polluting the environment and threateningthe safetyof thepeople.And ifsomeone wantsto keepa dogin thecity heis requiredto getapproval fromthe neighbors.Only inthis waycan weco-exist happilyand safely with thedogsin thecity.Raising Dogsill theCity Recentlymore andmorepeoplebegin toraisedogs in thecity.You mayfind dogshere andthere inpublic placesor evenonbuses.Ithasmoreorlessbecomeoneofthe latestfashions.Yet thenegativeeffects ofraising dogsin thecity areobvious.To beginwith,itmaypollute theenvironment.We canoften seedogs droppingtheir wastearound thecity whenthey arewalkedoutdoors.Few of their ownerswould pickit upafter thedogs.Inthe secondplace,withtoomanydogsinpublicplaces,cases ofdogs attackingpeople are notrare now.Finally,thebarkingofdogsmayalsodisturbthequietneighborhood.In myview,raising dogsin thecity mustbe putunder strictcontrol.Those whoraise dogsin thecitymustobserverespectiveregulations andrules,which maykeep thedogsfrompollutingtheenvironmentandthreateningthe safetyofthepeople.And ifsomeone wantsto keepa dogin thecity,he isrequiredto getapproval fromtheneighbors.Only inthis waycan weco-existhappily andsafelywith thedogsin thecity.解析[审题]这次考试的写作题属于常见的三段式作文要求考生就某一事物或社会现象进行深入的剖析,并阐述自己的看法和立场第一段要介绍养狗已成为一种时髦第二段可以从两个或三个层面来说明其危害例如破坏环境卫生,威胁他人安全等第三段说出自己的看法例如要严格控制,养狗要遵循法规等[提纲]
1.Raising dogs,oneofthe latestfashions.
2.The negativeeffectsofraising dogs:pollutetheenvironment bitepeopledisturb theneighborhood
3.My view:putunderstrictcontrolapproval oftheneighbors
5.Children ObesityChina is super-sizing itschildren asfast asits economyprompting fears ofobesity crisis.Today8%of10-to12-year-olds inChinascities areconsidered obeseand anadditional15%are overweightaccording toEducationMinistry data.China hasentered theera ofobesity andthe speed ofgrowth isshocking.A generationof economic expansion has produced higherlivingstandards andallowed Chinese families to put more food on the table;once-scarce meat and dairyproducts now are widely available.Growingprosperity also has led to moresedentary lifestyles:less physicallabor fewer tripson footand bybicycle moretravel bycarandmore Internet usage一all areresponsible fora large weightgain.The introductionof fastfood overseasalsocontributes to the increasein obesity.I thinkits hightime
4.Directions:For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite ashort essayentitledRaising Dogsin theCity.You shouldwrite atleast150words followingthe outlinesgiven below:
1.现在养狗的人越来越多;
2.不文明养狗给社会造成了危害;
3.我的看法Raising DogsintheCity
5.For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite ashort essayon the topic ofChildren Obesity.You shouldwrite atleast150words according to theoutlinegiven below.
1.学生的肥胖问题日益严重
2.这一现象产生的原因
3.你认为应如何改变这一现象ChildrenObesity
6.For thispart,you areallowed30minutes towrite acomposition on thetopic:Idle Young,Needy Old.You shouldwrite atleast150words followingtheoutline givenbelow in Chinese:
1.解释谚语
2.结合现实举例论证
3.珍惜时光,从现在做起Idle Young,Needy Old
7.For thispart,you arcallowed30minutes towrite acomposition on the topicWhat Are College Students Doing on the Internet You shouldwrite atleast150words according to theoutline givenbelowin Chinese:
1.据统计,在网上聊天交友、玩网络游戏是目前我国大学生上网的主要活动内容we fought juvenile flab.Kids need to followa healthierdiet.Parents shouldhelp kids balance diet and dont take them to eat fastfood likeMcDonalds andKFC so frequently.The governmentshould buildmore playgroundsand requirestudentsto exerciseor playsports foran houra dayat school.Children ObesityChinaissuper-sizing itschildren asfast asits economy,promptingfearsofobesity crisis.Today,8%of10-to12-year-olds inChinas citiesare consideredobeseand anadditional15%are overweight,accordingtoEducation Ministrydata.China hasentered theera ofobesity,andthespeedofgrowth isshocking.Ageneration ofeconomicexpansionhasproducedhigher livingstandards andallowedChinesefamiliestoputmorefoodonthetable;once-scarce meat anddairy productsnowarewidelyavailable.Growing prosperityalsohasledto moresedentary lifestyles:less physicallabor,fewertripson footand bybicycle,moretravel bycar,andmoreInternetusage一all areresponsibleforalargeweightgain.The introductionof fastfood overseasalso contributestotheincrease inobesity.I thinkits hightime wefoughtjuvenileflab.Kids needto followahealthier diet.Parents shouldhelpkidsbalancedietanddonttake themtoeatfastfood likeMcDonalds andKFCsofrequently.The governmentshould buildmoreplaygrounds andrequire studentsto exerciseor playsports foran houra dayatschool.
1.Idle YoungNeedy OldThis isan agedsaying but the truth in it is universal:ifyou do not work when youare youngyou willlive amiserable lifewhen old.Noone can deny itfor it is self-evident.The ancldleYoung,Needy OldThis isanaged saying,but thetruthinitisuniversal:if youdonotworkwhenyou areyoung,youwilllive amiserable lifewhen old.No onecandenyit,for itisself-evident.The anc
7.What areCollege StudentsDoing onthe InternetNowadays surfingtheInternet hasbecome verypopular oncampus.Iamimpressed mostthat manycollege students spendtoo muchtime playinggames andchatting ontheInternet.What areCollege StudentsDoing onthe InternetNowadays surfingtheInternet hasbecome verypopular oncampus.Iamimpressed mostthat manycollegestudents spendtoo muchtime playinggames andchatting onthe Internet.
8.How toTreat OurAging PopulationChina has already stepped into an agingsociety accordingto internationalstandards.Those beyond65made upmore than7per centofthenational population.According toexperts1prediction thisphenomenonis goingto continuefor decades.Now thesociety is faced up withthe issueof tackling the old peoples problems.First thesociety shouldfoster asocial environment that champions respect and care forthe old.This isprerequisite in tacklingthe various problems the elderly face.Without loveandrespect forthe oldany welfaremeasure couldnot beimplemented fullyand forthebenefit ofthe old.Though inmost areathe traditionalidea ofloving andrespectingthe oldstill prevailsthere aresome youngpeoplewhoconsider oldpeopleas economicand mentalburden andare eagertogetrid ofthem.Thereforechanging thiskind ofattitude towardsold peopleis uppermostin ensuringthatour Grandmaand Grandpalead ahappy life.Second based onthefact thatthetradition of home care forthe elderly faces big challenge duetothe shrinkingfamily size a combination of family carecommunity-based servicesand socialwelfarenecessary tohelp ourold populationin helpingand supportingtheir lives.In thisway old people can enjoy the help and love from both thesociety andtheirfamilies thus relieving the pressure on their younger children.Third old peoplenot onlyneed helpthey canalso givea handin raisingtheir grandchildren.If wetreat them as precious assetsthey may not onlylive a fuller lifebut alsomakefurther contributions to our social and economic developments.At presentboththe proportion ofthe old inthe Chinese population andthe numberof retiredpeopleare increasing.How torespond tothis phenomenonaffects everybodynowandinthe future.We shouldcombine communityhelp withfamily care andoffer helpto themin everyway.How toTreat OurAging PopulationChina hasalreadysteppedintoanagingsociety accordingto internationalstandards.Thosebeyond65made upmore than7per centofthenational population.According toexperts*prediction,this phenomenonis goingto continuefor decades.Now thesocietyisfacedupwith the issueof tacklingthe oldpeoples problems.First,thesociety shouldfoster asocialenvironmentthatchampionsrespectandcarefortheold.This isprerequisiteintacklingthevariousproblemstheelderlyface.Withoutlove andrespect forthe old,any welfaremeasure couldnot beimplemented fullyandforthebenefit ofthe old.Though inmost area,the traditionalidea oflovingand respectingthe oldstill prevails,there aresome youngpeoplewhoconsiderold peopleas economicand mentalburden andare eagertogetrid ofthem.Therefore,changing thiskind ofattitude towardsoldpeopleis uppermostinensuring thatour Grandmaand Grandpalead ahappy life.Second,basedonthefact thatthe traditionofhomecarefortheelderlyfacesbigchallengedueto theshrinkingfamilysize,acombinationoffamilycare,community-based servicesand social welfarenecessary tohelp ourold populationin helpingand supportingtheirlives.In thisway,oldpeoplecanenjoythehelpandlovefromboth thesociety andtheir families,thusrelievingthepressureontheiryoungerchildren.Third,oldpeoplenot onlyneed help,they canalso givea handin raisingtheirgrandchildren.If wetreatthemaspreciousassets,they maynot onlylive afullerlife,but alsomake furthercontributionstooursocialandeconomic developments.At present,boththeproportionoftheoldintheChinesepopulationand thenumberof retiredpeopleareincreasing.How torespond tothis phenomenonaffectseverybody nowandinthe future.We shouldcombine communityhelpwith familycareandoffer helpto themin everyway.
9.Widespread Extravagant Spending on Campus Recentlythe monthlyexpendituresof collegestudents tendtobeon rise.Many studentssee widespreadextravagantspending oncampus asa commonpractice.Some arguethat howtheWidespread ExtravagantSpending onCampusRecently,the monthlyexpendituresof collegestudents tendtobeon rise.Many studentssee widespreadextravagantspending oncampus asa commonpractice.Some arguethat howthe
10.On Foreigners*Learning ChineseNowadays Chineseour mother tongue isenjoyingan unprecedentedpopularity intheworld.Over twohundred ConfuciusInstitutes havebeen set upin sixty-nine countriesand manyforeigners areattracted by theold mysteriousand charminglanguage.Several factorsaccountfor the enthusiasm forChinese learning.Firstly with the rapid economicdevelopment China has experienceda dramaticrise inits internationalinfluencewhich enlargesthe needof manycountries for professionals witha proficiency inChinese language.Secondly Chinese serves asa useful tool for foreigners toinvestigatethe splendidChinese cultureand its rich connotations.Finally thewidespread of Chinese ispartly duetothe every endeavor made by plenty ofChinesetraining organizations.The popularityof leaning Chinese has not onlyincreasedmy nationalpride butmade merealize thesignificance ofeconomicdevelopment.Besides wecollegestudentsshould firstlearn our mother tonguewelland thentaketheresponsibility to popularize it.On Foreigners1LearningChinese Nowadays,Chinese,ourmothertongue,is enjoyingan unprecedentedpopularityintheworld.Over twohundred ConfuciusInstituteshavebeensetupin sixty-nine countries,and manyforeigners areattractedbytheold,mysteriousand charminglanguage.Several factorsaccount fortheenthusiasmfor Chineselearning.Firstly,withtherapideconomicdevelopment,Chinahasexperienced adramaticrise inits internationalinfluence,which enlargesthe needof manycountriesforprofessionalswithaproficiencyinChinese language.Secondly,Chineseservesasausefultoolforforeignersto investigatethe splendidChineseculture anditsrichconnotations.Finally,the widespread ofChinese ispartly duetotheeveryendeavormadebyplentyofChinesetraining organizations.Thepopularity ofleaningChinesehasnotonly increasedmy nationalpride,but mademerealize thesignificance ofeconomicdevelopment.Besides,we collegestudentsshould firstlearn ourmothertonguewell,andthentake theresponsibilitytopopularizeit.解析
①审题及布局.这篇作文讨论国外“汉语热”持续升温的现象,要求分析其主要原因,并说明给“我”的启示在布局上,可根据题目中给出的提纲展开第一段介绍很多外国人热衷于学汉语,孔子学院遍地开花;第二段说明出现此现象的主要原因,注意要层次分明,逻辑性强,第三段说明“汉语热”给我的启示与思考,可结合眼下大学生汉语水平低下这一事实来展开
②语言本文涉及在说明“汉语热”这一热点的基础上分析原囚,语言需客观、简洁、缜密,注重衔接;谈及个人思考时,语言要富有表现力和感情色彩;建议考生多关注社会热点,勤于思考,并注意积累相关词汇及表达
11.YY解析参见文中倒数第四段第一句The netannual energysavings foradome owneris30%lessthannormalrectilinear(直线的)homes accordingto theOregonDome Co.(圆顶房屋的住户每年能源节约量要比常规的直线房屋的住户少30%)
12.absorbs fewabsorbsfew解析a本题定位信息是Zeda Rosenberg,从而将答案出处定位到文章第六段该段第
二、三句提到大多数microbicides没有引起身体的resistance的一个可能原因是very lowlevelsofsystemic absorption,这里的systemic指的就是身体系统根据题干语法要求,这里应填入一个动宾短语,且动词应用第三人称单数,故答案为absorbs fewo
13.A解析见文章第三段最后一句话
14.B解析从本文第一段的第一句话“As it turnsout,this seductionof collegestudents by recruiters at investment banks and consulting firmsis morecampuslegend than reality一the exceptionand certainly not the rule.”我们就知道到银行和咨询公司是很吸引别人的,因此此句论述是错误的
15.A解析YoungRichard和其他男孩的区别在于他从不与其他人玩耍,从来不笑;并且他还有一些特点,但题中省略了,如bornwithknowledge”,heabsorbed knowledge of anykind,He hasa photographicmind.”等等
16.B解析定位到文章开头的第二句Brushing andflossing properly,alongwith regular dental checkups,can helpprevent toothdecay and gum disease.(正确刷牙和使用牙线,并且定期进行牙科检查,有助于预防蛀牙和牙龈疾病)题干中只是提到刷牙和使用牙线,并未提到做法正确与否,而且漏掉定期牙科检查,属于断章取义,与原文内容不符
17.A解析根据题干中的信息词bird flu和major cities定位到第一个小标题下的第一段,可知作者认为主要城市还会遭受袭击,因为有很多灾难可能发生,包括禽流感、大地震、暴风雨、恐怖袭击等,再结合全文可知,本文是针对美国城市展开的,故该句表述正确18C解析段落中心大意处设题本题考查多产与个人发展的关系根据原文第一个小标题下内容大意可知,该段主要陈述了多产的目的和方法,并未将该策略在个人发展中的重要性排列,题干说法在文中并未提及
19.silencesilence解析由题干关键词the4200-acreranch和archeologicalsite定位到第一个小标题下第二段第二句这句指出多亏了Wilcox保持沉默,这个4200英亩的大农场成为一个巨大的,完好无缺的考古地点
20.B解析细节判断题我们首先可以根据题干的主语General JamesOglethorpe这个关键词在文中进行定位查找,另外我们可以结合描述这个主语的具体内容的关键信息词establish来搜索,然后在第三段的
一、二句找到了所在:English settlersestablished thecityofSavannah in
1733.They wereledby GeneralJames Oglethorpe^^,可见,这个城市是English settlers,而他们则由GeneralJamesOglethorpe领导,题干说这个城市是由他建立的与文意不符,因此本题的是N
21.A
22.D解析本题的关键是男士的话“I thinkshe ishard ofhearing.”这里be hardofhearing”实际上是“be deaf,,的委婉说法,就是“聋了”的意田心O
23.He called his family to their van and they started ontheslow darkride awayfromthe mountainHecalledhisfamilytotheirvanandtheystartedonthe slowdarkride awayfromthemountain
24.A解析Why wasMidori notallowed totouch theviolin whenshe wasonlytwo四个选项中violin的出现频率较高,另外还有另一种乐器piano由此可以推断,本题的内容可能涉及某个人与乐器之间的关系文中提到The violinwas,after all,worth morethan$20000n.Midori的妈妈拥有价值超过2万美元的小提琴,两岁的Midori不能乱碰,是因为琴的价格昂贵故正确答案为A)
25.C解析短文中间叙述了作者的一次转变的经历作者和妻子带着五个孩子去住旅馆,但旅馆每个孩子多收两美元,这对于普通的美国家庭来说有点贵,所以作者决定自己开一家对孩子不收费的家庭旅馆,故答案为C项
26.C解析对话中,租车的费用是$500,保险的费用是$45三天,男士要租车一个月,故一共需花费$500+$450,故本题答案为C
27.A
28.casual
19.It is clear thatwhile self-awareness isa healthyquality overdoing it isharmfulltisclearthat,while self-awareness isa healthyquality,overdoingitisharmful
30.Although there are highlyprofessional criminalsinvolvedincar theftalmost90%of car theft iscommitted bythe opportunistsAlthoughthere archighlyprofessional criminalsinvolvedincar theft,almost90%of cartheft iscommittedby theopportunists解析professional,criminals,cartheft,almost90%,committed,opportunists
31.A解析该段第2句提到作者gave itmy bestshot时,并没有解释为什么他会全力以赴,但在该段第4句,作者说他当时很competitive,所以觉得那次比赛很失败,这也就是说,他全力以赴是因为他很争强好胜,不想失败,故选A
32.social interconnections
33.C解析根据题干中的The influenzapandemic of1918toi919,将本题出处定位在倒数第二段该段第一句说,现代史上最大规模的瘟疫爆发在1918年到1919年间后面三句讲述了这次瘟疫的影响波及世界三分之一的人口,一年内死亡4000万,比艾滋病在30年里造成的死亡人数都多,世界经济陷入低谷,人均寿命缩短了1O年所以正确的选项是[C]“对世界经济造成了重大影响[A]、[B]项都与原文相矛盾,[D]与原文不符,找不到实际依据
34.staff-^staffstafr-^staff解析形近词辨析;stuff表示的是“填充”的意思,比如“stuffed toy”是指“填满东西的玩具”,也就是毛绒玩具;而这里明显是要表达“工作人员”的意思,应该是staff;
35.将included改为excluded将included改为excluded解析本题为动o词误用的问题根据上下文,此处意为女性在办公室以外的非正式交往场合常受到排斥而include意为“包括,包含,exclude才意为“拒绝接纳,把……排除在外,排斥”
36.distractive—attractive
37.将第二个holy改为holies将第二个holy改为holies解析the holyof holies是固定用法,意为“最神圣的地方”,所以应将第二个holy改为holies o
38.away一outaway-out解析away改为out,carry out表示“执行,进行;
39.to-forto-for解析本题考查固定搭配reason for
2.专家认为,那些沉迷于聊天和游戏的大学生,不仅耗费了金钱、时间和精力,还影响了正常的学业和人际交往
3.我们应当如何看待大学生上网的问题WhatAreCollegeStudentsDoingontheInternet
8.Directions:For thispart,youareallowed30minutes towrite acomposition onthetitle:How toTreat OurAging PopulationYou shouldwrite atleast150words followingtheoutline givenbelowinChinese.How toTreat OurAging Population
1.中国已渐渐步入老龄化社会(65岁以上的老年人已占全国人口的7%)
2.我认为应如何对待老年人群(社会关爱与福利制度,家庭温暖,社区服务……)
3.我的结论
9.For thispart,youareallowed30minutes towrite ashort essayentitledWidespread ExtravagantSpending onCampus.You shouldwrite atleast150words,and baseyour compositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:
1.现在很多大学生花钱大手大脚
2.这一现象的原因是…
3.我的看法WidespreadExtravagantSpendingonCampus
10.Directions:For thispart,youareallowed30minutes towriteashort essayentitledOn Foreigners1Learning Chinese.Youshouldwrite atleast150wordsfollowing theoutlinegivenbelow.
1.目前,国久“汉语热”持续升温
2.出现这种现象的主要原因
3.“汉语热”给我的启示On Foreigners1Learning Chinese
二、
2.Reading ComprehensionSkimming and Scanning10题
11.Every year,a domeowner mayspend30%less inenergy expenditurethan anormalrectilinear homeone.
12.Zeda Rosenberghas anassumption thatthe latestmicrobicides dontcause manysideeffects byreason thatthe bodysystem.
13.Give UpSix Wordsand ChangeYour LifeAlfredKorzybski,the fatherof generalsemantics,observed thathow wetalkaffects how we handleproblems andhowwebehave.He foundthat scientists,trained tobe specific,handled bothpersonal andlaboratory problemsbetter thannon-scientists.Non-scientists,then asnow,used wordsloaded withfeeling andprejudgmentand gotinto trouble.Changing the way we use certaineveryday wordscan actuallyshift theway weseetheworldand otherpeople,helps changethe emotion-laden attitudesbehindthe words,and makesus lesslikely to make inappropriatedemands onourselvesand others.There isalso achange inthe effecton others.Teachers,told thatcertain studentshavehidden talents,will helpthem develop,even ifthestudentswere selectedblindlyby researchers.People act as theythink theyhavebeendefined,and likeitor not,our wordsplay alarge partin expressingthat definition.In ourwork,we havefound sixwords that are oftenused indamaging ways:try,always,is,cant,should and everybody.These wordsare reallyfamilies”ofwords.Always can be expandedto never,every time.Should isalso oughtto,must,haveto.We usenobody,no one,all,thewayweuseeverybody.Each of these wordsis linkedtotheconcept oftime.Everybody doesit”impliesevery personalways doesit.Should reflectsa standardadopted inthe past,governing howwe mustalways behave.Is impliesa permanentcharacteristic ofsomethingor someone,as nsheis impossibleto dealwith.”Alfred Korzybskicalledhumans timebindersn.Facts,opinions andbehaviors arelearned,repeated andpassed on,even thoughthey maynot necessarilyhavebeentrue inthe first place.Both KorzybskiandS.L Hayakawa,whoisa respectedsemanticist,caution usagainst usingsuch nallnessnterms.Yet wedo usethem,asthoughby doingso wecould somehowmanage thepresentand future.nWith words/1says Hayakawain Languagein ThoughtandAction,nwe influenceand toan enormousextent control/1nril meetyou atthreeThursdayn isan attempttomakeanother person-and ourselves-be ata certainplaceatacertain time.Hayakawa writes,The futureisaspecifically humandimension.To adog,hamburger tomorrowis meaningless.With words we[humans]impose acertain predictabilityupon futureeventsSimilarly,we attemptto controlpeoples actionsand evencharacteristics withcant,should,everybody andrelated words.We trythus tocreate reliable”data,however unrelateditistothefacts.According toFreud,to somemental patientscertain wordsbecome magical,symbols ofwhole trainsof thoughtcondensed.Seriously illneurotics maintainsomeof thatmagic:Everybodys againstme ornI haveto do this.”And nearlyallofushave thesame badhabit toa lessintense degree.When andwhere dowe beginthis patternof restrictivewords andbeliefsAccording tothelatespeech expertWendell Johnson,as adultswe arestill nusinginformation,attitudes,beliefs,procedures,practices...adapted toan earliertime.Our beliefs,andthewordsweuse tosupport themandtoprotect ourselvesfromchange,come fromearly inour lives.Willis Harman,Ph.D・,a futuristatSRI formerlyStanford ResearchInstitute,maintains thatweareall ina wayhypnotizedfrom infancy.nWe donot perceiveourselves andtheworldabout usastheyare,but aswe havebeen persuadedto perceivethem/says Dr.Harman.Research showsthat objectsand peoplewith somefamiliar characteristicstendto beperceived bythe infantas identical.The newborncannot distinguishbetweenself andsurrounding.When thebaby ishungry,everybody ishungry.Later,any manbecomes Daddyandeveryanimal doggie.We usesuch earlybiases tomA.YB.N C.NG
14.University RecruitingTheprosperous recruitingAsitturnsout,this seductionof collegestudentsbyrecruitersatinvestmentbanks andconsulting firmsismorecampus legendthanreality一the exceptionandcertainlynottherule.Sterling Witzke,a seniorat StanfordUniversity whosignedon withMercer ManagementConsulting inChicago,says shegot aglimpseoflifeinthefast lane,but notes,nMost ofmy friendswho wentthroughthe processdidnotget thistype oftreatment.n Indeed,the courtshipis notassalacious asurban legendwould haveus believeWhileprospective recruitsmaynotbe destinedforahot clubor evena low-down stripclub,Americas leadinginvestmentbanks andconsultingfirms are,infact,recruiting moreaggressively oncollege campusesthan everbefore.Despitea sputteringoverall economythat hasreduced collegerecruiting byold-linegiants likeIBM orGM,I-banks andlarge consultantfirms boostedtheirrecruiting effortson keycampuses byabout15%last year-a trendthat isexpectedto continue,accordingtoTrudy Steinfeld,Executive Directorat NewYorkUniversitys Officeof CareerServices.nBanking andconsulting areleadingthe wayinthisvery robustrecruiting season/says Steinfeld.As otherseniors embarkonadesperate jobsearch andpile upthe rejectionletters,those withtheir eyesontheinvestment banking/consultant worldare bombardedbyfervent entreatiesand hostedataseries ofevents rangingfrom informationsessionsto expensivedinners.And mostimportant ofall,therearejobs waiting-withthepromise ofthat potof gold--attheend oftheir rainbow.A lotof theemployersare becomingmore proactiveand determined/says BarbaraHewitt,associate directorof careerservices for undergraduates atthe WhartonSchool oftheUniversity ofPennsylvania.Because theireconomy andjob marketare sogoodnow,theyre findingit veryhard toget allofthestudents whatthey want.There isjust alot morecompetition onthe employers1side atthis point,and theyarefeeling morepressure tostep uptheir campusrecruiting.Recruiting workintheuniversityThe fieldcanbea perfectmatch forstudents notyet certainoftheirultimatecareer destinationor thosewho havean urgentneedtopay offcollege loansbeforepursuing thenext degree.These firmsthrive onhuman capital”andtherefore puta premiumon attractingbright,ambitious youngpeople,explainsone Whartonalum.With theiroffices buzzingpast2a.m.,thereissignificantturnover.Thus theyvalue freshlyminted collegegrads whowant toout-competetheir peersand whocan chumout high-quality workon preciouslittle sleep.nThere werenights whenI sleptunder mydesk,using myjacket asa blanketandmy keyboardasapillow/says onerecent Brandeis graduate whoasked thathisname bewithheld becausehis companydiscourages employeesfrom talkingtothe press.Yet despitethehardwork andmany sleeplessnights,entry-levelpositions atbig I-banksandconsultants arethemostsought-after jobsforgraduating seniorsinterested infinance andconsulting.The entry-level jobsare unusuallylucrative,with first-year analystsmaking upto$
120000.Moreover,these positionsprovide invaluabletraining forthosepursuing careersinthefield.nMost peopleleave afterthefirsttwo yearsbecausethey getburned out/explains theBrandeisgrad,who worksatatop investmentbank,buttheskills youlearn areessential togetting themost coveted(令人垂涎的)jobs infinance goingforward,I-banking isa steppingstone toa greatbusinessschool,and mostimportantly,toagreat job.n Therecruiting processstillbegins inearnest inthe fallof senioryear,when agroupofassociates arrivesoncampus tointerview andselect applicants.In aneffort tosignal thestudents thattheyare notA.YB.N C.NG
15.The differencebetween youngRichard andother boyswas thathe usuallydid notplaywiththeothers andnever smiled,andsoon.A.YB.N C.NG
16.Teeth CareDentistssay thatthemostimportant partof toothcare happensat home.Brushingand flossingproperly,along withregulardentalcheckups,can helpprevent toothdecayandgumdisease.Giving Plaquethe Brush-OffTo preventcavities,you needto removeplaque,the transparentlayer ofbacteriathat coatsthe teeth.The bestwaytodothisis bybrushing your teeth twicea dayandflossing atleast once a day.Brushing alsoactasstimulus tothe gums,whichhelps tokeep themhealthy andprevent gumdisease.Toothpastes containminimal abrasives磨料,detergents,and foamingagents.Fluoride,themostcommon activeingredient intoothpaste,is whatpreventscavities.So you should alwaysbe sureyour toothpastecontains fluoride.About oneperson in10hasatendency toaccumulate tartarquickly.Tartar isplaque硬块inahardened form,that ismore damagingand difficultto remove.Using antitartartoothpastes andmouthwashes,as wellas spendingextra timebrushingthe teethnearthesalivary glandsthe inside ofthe lowerfront teethandthe outsideoftheupper back teeth,may slowthe developmentof newtartar.If youhave teeththat aresensitive toheat,cold,and pressure,you maywant totrya specialtoothpaste forsensitive teeth.But youllstill needto talkto yourdentistpromptly aboutyour sensitivitybecause itmaybeindicative ofa moreseriousproblem,such asa cavityor nerveirritation.Tips onProper BrushingDentistssay thatthe minimumtime youshould spendbrushing yourteeth is2minutes twicea day.Here aresome tipson howto brushproperly:-Hold yourbrush ata45-degree angleagainst yourgumline.Gently brushfromwhere thetooth andgum meettothechewing surfacein shortabouthalf-a-tooth-wide strokes.Brushing toohard cancause recedinggums,toothsensitivity,and,over time,loose teeth.-Use thesame methodto brushall outsideand insidesurfaces ofyourteeth.-Place the brush againstthe bitingsurface ofthe teethuseagentle backforthscrubbing motion.Brush thetongue fromback tofront toremove odorproducingbacteria.-To cleantheinsidesurfaces ofyour topand bottomfront teethand gums,tiltbrush verticallybehind thefront teeth.Make severalupdown strokesusing thefronthalf ofthebrush.-Remember don*t shareyour toothbrushwith others.The exchangeof bodyfluidsthat suchsharing wouldfoster placestoothbrush sharersatanincreasedrisk forinfections,a particularlyimportant considerationfor personswithcompromised immunesystems orinfectious diseases.-Use anegg timeror playa favoritesong whilebrushing yourteeth toget usedtobrushing forafull2to3minutes.Some electronictoothbrushes havetimers thatletyou knowwhen2minutes areup.Facts onFlossingBrushing isimportant butit wontremove theplaque andparticles offoodbetween yourteeth,under thegumline,orunderbraces.Sometimes,the bacteriabreakdown thefood particlesand createvolatile sulfurcompounds.For thisreasonyoull needto flossthese spacesatleastonceaday.With anyfloss,youshouldbe carefulto avoidinjuring yourgums.Follow theseinstructions:-Carefully insertthe flossbetween twoteeth,using aback andforth motion.-Gently bringthe flosstothegumline,but dontforce itunder thegums.Curvethe flossaroundtheedgeofyour toothintheshape ofthe letterC andslide itupand downthe sideofeachtooth.-Repeat thisprocess betweenall yourteeth,and rememberto flossthe backsidesof yourbackteeth.Tooth-Whitening ProductsSometoothpastes claimto whitenteeth.Theres nA.YB.N C.NG
17.The NextDisaster:Are WeReadyAre WeReally PreparedAfterthe attackson September11andthehurricanes thatslammed theGulfCoast lastyear,youd expectour majorcities tobe readywith disaster plans thatwillsave livesand property.Theres nodoubt wellbe hitagain—maybe evenharder-because thelist ofpossible calamities灾难is long:from abird flupandemictoamassive Californiaearthquake,tomoremonster storms,to anotherterroristattack.But arewe reallyprepared toprotect people,as wellas theirhomes andbusinessesEvery majorurban areahas receivedfederal funding,much ofitfrom theDepartment ofHomeland SecurityDHS,in ordertomaketheir citiesmoresecure.But therearenoset criteriafor measuringpreparedness thefeds areworkingon that,andthequality ofdisasterplansvaries widelythroughout thecountry.So wcdecidedtodo anindependent assessmentof10high-risk urbanareas,focusing onkey securityindicators.We analyzedpublic data,consulted withfederaland localemergency workers,and contactedthe mayors1offices togauge测量the readinessofthesecities tomeet bothnatural andman-madedisasters.Our criteriafell underthree maincategories:Emergency Readiness,CrisisCommunications,and MedicalResponse.Emergency ReadinessAre there atleast1,000first responderssuch aspolice,fire andEMTs per100,000residents Theyreour firstline ofprotection inalmost anydisastersituation-professionals whoare trainedto handleeverything fromrescuingvictims toproviding firstaid,to enforcingquarantines封锁,to directingtrafficfor evacuations疏散.Aretherefederal search-and-rescue teamsbased within50miles Largecitiesoften havespecialized teamsto dealwith suchthings ashigh-rise-buildingrescues orhazardous chemicalspills.But thesesquads aresometimes small,ill-equipped,or runonashoestring.This isnot trueof federalurban search-and-rescue taskforces thatthe DHSsupports acrossthe country.Each taskforceis madeof62members and4canines,aswellasancomprehensive cachenofequipment.DHS taskforces arenot automaticallyassigned;acityneeds toapplyand presentits case.Has thecity orstate earnedngreen statusnfromtheCenters forDisease ControlandPrevention Supposethat inthe midstofaflu pandemicor bioterror attack,your cityran lowon criticalmedicines.The CDCstands readytohelpbydistributing drugsand medicalequipment fromits StrategicNational Stockpile.But theagency wantstoknowthatacity orstate isable toquickly mobilizehundredsof healthworkers andvolunteers trainedto handle the logistics,and hasspaceset asidefor storageand refrigeration.Youre bestoff ifyour cityhasearned theCDCs greenstatusn一even ifthe stateitself hasnot-because itmeanslocal healthteams canhandlethesuppliesontheir own.Does thecity websiteexplain clearlywhat todo incase ofevacuation Whocanforget theimages ofstranded NewOrleans residents,orthe5-mph crawlout ofHoustonIt turnedout thatNew Orleanssevacuation planswere bothinadequateand poorlycommunicated.One waycities canavoid asimilar nightmareistoputclear andeasy-to-find evacuationinformation ontheir websites.Some cities,such asBoston andWashington,post thepreferred streetroutes.Others,like LasVegas,won!t disclosedetails dueto securityfears,but theirwebsites mayprovideways toquickly getevacuation detailswhenyouneed themsuch asnumbersto callor alertservices youcan signup for.Among themore importantthingsto addressare peoplewithout vehiclesoftheirown ahuge failingin NewOrleansand instructionsfor pctowners.Does thewebsite includedetails forresidents withspecial needsIn July1995,avicious heatwave killedA.YB.N C.NG。