还剩4页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
牛津译林版英语语法讲解及练习9A Unitl并列连词and,or,but,so用法英语中,连词是连接单词、短语或者句子的一种虚词,在句中不单独做任何成分依据性质,连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词由并列连词连接的两个(或两个以上)简洁句叫做并列句,由从属连词连接的句子叫做主从复合句并列连词可以用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系或因果关系等Land的用法并列连词and意为“和,又”,表示并列关系,常用来连接表示对等成分的单词、短语或者句子,表示意思的顺延或增补例如
(1)OurMathsteacheriskindandhelpful.我们数学老师亲善可亲而且乐于帮助我们(连接连个形容词)
(2)1wenttothesupermarketandboughtsomevegetablesthismorning.今日早上我去超市买了一些蔬菜(连接两个动词短语,表示意思的顺延,动作的先后发生)
(3)Herunclegaveheranewbikeasherbirthdaypresentandshelikeditverymuch.她叔叔给了他一辆新自行车作为生日礼物,她特殊宠爱(连接连个简洁句,表示意思的顺延,并列句)and用作并列连词有多重含义,除了表示并列关系外,还可以表示目的(and之后)和条件(and之前)等关系例如
(4)Comeand seemyfamily.来见见我家人(see表示目的)
(5)Be careful,and youwill makefewer mistakes.假如细致,你犯的错误就少)(Be careful表示条件)
2.but的用法并列连词but意为“但是”,表示转折关系,所连接的成分意思相反或相对例如
(1)Ourschool issmall butbeautiful.我们学校虽然小但很漂亮(连接两个形容词,意思相对)
(2)Thecar isvery oldbut itrunsvery fast.虽然小汽车I口了,但跑得很快
3.or的用法并列连词r意为“或者”,表示选择关系例如
(1)Which doyou likebetterJuiceorCoke果汁和可乐,你更宠爱哪个?(连接两个名词)
(2)Do youoften go to schoolonfoot orbybike你经常步行去上学还是骑自行车去上学?(连接连个介词短语)
(3)You canstayhere,or youcanleave.你可以待在这里,也可以离开(连接两个简洁句)另外,在否定句中否定并列成分时,用or,而不用and例如
(4)Icant speak English orFrench.我不会将英语和法语(不能运用and)英语中,“祈使句+or+简洁句”结构,也是一种常用句型句型中,or意为“否则”,祈使句相当于一个条件,可以和以引导的条件状语从句进行转换例如
(5)Put onyour coat,or youwillcalch acold.穿上你的上衣,否则你会感冒的=If youdont putonyourcoat,you willcatchacold.(转换成以if”引导的条件状语从句时,要去掉并列连词or)
4.so的用法并列连词so表示“因此、所以”之意,常用来连接两个简洁句,这两个简洁句有意思上的因果关系例如
(1)The rainbegan tofall,so wewent home.天起先下雨了,所以我们就回家了
(2)Everyoneinthetownknewhim,sowehadnotroublefindinghishouse.镇上谁都相识他,因此他们亳不费劲就找到了他的家s和从属连词because(因为)不能•起连用也就是说,运用了并列连词)就不用because(从属连词);运用了because,就不用so例如他病了,没去上学
(3)He wasill,so hedidntgotoschool(本句是一个由并歹ij连词so连接的并列句)
(4)Hedidntgotoschoolbecausehewasill.(本句是一个由从属连词because引导的主从复合句)l.notonly...butalso…的用法用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者,其意为“不仅……而且……”;其中的also有时可以省略如Shenot onlyplays well,but alsowrites music.她不仅很会演奏,而且还会作曲He not onlywrites hisownplays,healso actsin them.他不仅是自编剧本,还扮演其中的角色Not onlymenbut alsowomen werechosen.不仅仅是男的,女的也有被选中的He worksnot onlyonweekdays butonSundays aswell.他不仅平常工作,星期日也工作Not onlythestudentsbut alsotheirteacher isenjoyingthefilm.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片,他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片说明若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常及靠近的主语保持一样如Not onlyyoubut alsohehas toleave.不只是你,他也得离开若连接两个句子,not only后面的句子要用倒装,如Not onlydidhespeak morecorrectly,buthe spokemoreeasily.他不仅说得更正确,而且讲得更不费劲了
2、neither…nor…的用法用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词,用于否定两者,其意为“既不……也不……”……和都不如Its neithertoo coldnortoo hot.天气既不太冷也不太热Neither boysnorgirls areinterested init.男孩子和女孩子对此都不感爱好说明通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后•成分可能省略及前•成分相同的词若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常及靠近的主语保持一样如Mary neitherlikesmaths norlikeshistory.玛丽既不宠爱数学也不宠爱历史Neither JimnorJack wasat home.吉姆和杰克都不在家但在非正式文体中也可一律用复数如Neitherdoeshesmokenordoeshedrink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒NeitherJimnorJackwereathome.吉姆和杰克都不在家
3、either...or...的用法用于连接两个表示选择关系的名词或代词,意为“要么……要么如He mustbeeithermad ordrunk.他不是疯了就是醉了You cango swimmingorplay tennis.你可以去游泳也可以去打网球Either youorIam wrong.不是你错了就是我错了Are eitheryou orIwrong是你错了还是我错了?说明通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略及前一成分相同的词若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常及靠近的主语保持一样如You caneither haveteaorcoffee.你喝茶也行,喝咖啡也行Either youorIam wrong.不是你错,就是我错
4、both…and…的用法用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词或代词如I BothNewYork andLondonhavetrafficproblems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题The secretarybothspeaks andwrites Spanish.这位秘书不但能讲而且能写西班牙语Youve givenboth youruncle andmyselfalot oftrouble.你给了你姑父和我很多麻烦Sophiawas both对ad andsorryosee her.索菲娅看到她既兴奋又难过The foodwas bothbadand insufficient.食物既坏又不够吃Shewas ashamed,bothfor herselfand for Diana.她感到惭愧,既为自己也为戴安娜Idid allthis bothforyou andformyself.我做这一切是为了你,也为我自己He bothspeaks andwrites Spanish.他既会说也会写西班牙语Tonight theywill bothsinganddance.今晚他们将又唱歌又跳舞说明作为关联并列连词,它通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略及前一成分相同的词另外,若连接两个成分作主语,谓语总是用复数如Both sheandI aregood atEnglish.她和我都擅长英语Both teachingand researchwork aremaking greatstrides.教学及科研都在大踏步前进Both sheandSophiawere pleasedwith thegirl.她和索菲娅都宠爱这个姑娘若连接两个句子,要用倒装如Neither doeshe smokenordoeshe drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒【随堂练习】
1.—Shall westopforlunch shallwedriveonLets stopfbrlunch,but thedrivercantdrink drive.A.and;and B.or;and C.or;orD.and;or
2.一Ididnt passtheMaths examlasttime.Tm soworried aboutit.—harderyou willmakemuch progress.A.Work;orB.To work;orC.Work;and D.Working;and
3.-Tell ussomething aboutSingapore,OK-Im soriy.Jack Ihaveever beenthere.A.Either;orB Not only;but also C.Both;and D.Neither;nor
4.Basketball hasa historyofnearly300years.Today itisstillloved bytheyoungtheold.A.both;and B.either;orC.not;but,D.neither;nor
5.Please arriveheresoon,hecoach mayleavebefore youcan getonit.A.and B.orC.but D.since
6.―Will theforeignershave anyproblems talkingwithChinesein Beijing---1dont thinkso,as theyoun^theold arelearning tospeakEnglish.A.only;except B.not only;but alsoC.either;or D.neither;nor
7.---Dont beangrywith yourkidwhen hemakesa mistakeagain,will you…No,Iwont.1knowthat ofusarcperfect afterall.A.noneB.neilher C.each D.all
8.-How doesyour motherlikeyour presentsfbr MothersDay--Well,thissweaterthat oneisfit fbrher.Theyre toobig.A.both;and B.either;orC.neither;nor D.not only;but also
9.Cross theroadcarefully,youll keepyourself safe.A.so B.or C.but D.and
10.Smileto theworld,theworld willsmileback toyou.A.or B.and C.so D.but
11.——Which doyouprefer,teacoffee——Tea,please.A.but B.soC.orD.and
12.——Would youliketocome tomypartyonSaturday,Samrd loveto,Icant Ihaveto takeapianolesson.A.and B.but C.orD.so
13.Lets goto Kunmingforvacation.Its toohot toocoldthere.A.either;or B.neither;norC.both;and D.not only;but also
14.Peter likespopmusic,but hisfatherhis motherlikesit.A.both;and B.notonly;but alsoC.neither;norD.either;or
15.----1dont likesingingdancing.What aboutyou——Idont likedancing,I likesinging.A.and;and B.and;but C.or;but D.or,and
16.my fathermymothertake goodcareof me.Ilove themsomuch.A.Either;orB.Both;and C.Neither;norD.Not only;but also
17.my fathermymotheris ableto driveacar.However,they aregoingto buyone.A.Neither;nor B.Both;and C.Either;orD.Not only;but also
18.Lucy youcant gototheparty.Oneof youhas tostay athometolook afteryour grandma.A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Not only;butalso D.Both;and
19.Football isa popularsport.my fathermy motherisinterested inwatchingfootball matches.A.Notonly;butalso B.Neither;norC.Both;and D.Either;or
20.My fatherwantsmeto beadoctor anengineer,1want tobe anactor.A.or;and B.and;but C.and;so D.or;but参考答案1-5BCDAB6-IOBACDB11-15CBBCC16-20BABAD。