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现在完成时态讲解和练习
一、结构现在完成时态由〃助动词过去分词”构成have/has+陈述句否定句()I havelost my pen.I haventhave notlost mypen.一般疑问句Have youlostyour penYes,I have./No,I havent.特殊疑问句(提问)I havelost mypen.What haveyoulost选择疑问句Have youlost yourpen orpencil过去分词变化一⑴与过去式一样直去双改()不规则2AAA ABBABA ABCAAB
二、基本用buy-bought-bought make-made-made read-read-read write-wrote-written beat-beat-beaten become-became-become法
(一)表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果如()他来了(他现在在这儿)(1He has come()他已经把灯打开了(房间是亮的)2He hasturned onthe light()她学过滑冰(她现在会滑冰)3She haslearned toskate()他去过美国(他现在不在那里,但知道那里的情况)4He has been toArmenia令考点探究、对这种用法的考查,主要考查学生对现在完成时态的判断这种用法强调过去动作对现在造成的影响,因此,在1题干中常用一般现在时态或一般将来时态的句子来说明这种影响或结果(口诀前后两句呈因果,必用现在完成时)如()()答案为花光钱是过去的动作,但对现在造成了影1I spendall themoney,so I have towalk home.have spent.响,〃我现在必须得步行回家〃()()5—Will yougo to see themovie,King Kongthis evening—No,I wont,I it.see答案为正是由于〃我看过了的〃,所对对现在的影响是〃我今晚不去看〃have seeno、常用的时间状语刚刚,已经(只用于肯定句助后实前),还、仍然(用于疑问句和否定句句末),2just alreadyyet从来没有,曾经,以前,一次,两次许多次迄今为止,()never everbefore oncetwice many times so far induring thepast()最近几年来等等last fewyears
(二)现在完成时态表示过去开始的动作或存车的状态一直持续到现在或将来,常接或短语表示时间段或for since等时间短语sofar,in thelast fewyears,all day今考点探究、对和的考查接时间数量,后接过去时间点或一般过去时态的从句如()1for since for since1I()have been here for three years.2I have been heresince three years ago.()6I have been heresince I came here three years ago.、这种用法强调过砺始的动作延续到现在,因此就要求谓语动作是可延续性动词在考查中就较为注重非2延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换如()玲1Icameherethreeyears agoI have beenherefor threeyears.()玲注意非延续性动词与延续2She lefthome twoweeks agoShe has been awavfrom homefor twoweeks.性动词的转换有以下几种情况)转换成〃介词短语〃结构1be+玲玲come bein/at comeback be back玲join bein/be a member ofbegin/start-be onget upbe up)转换成〃形容词〃结构2be+玲玲()玲die bedead leavebe awayfrom get married-be marriedfinish beover玲玲fall asleepbe asleepclose beclosed openbe openfall illbe ill)转换成相应的可延续性的动词3玲玲()玲buy haveborrow keepput onf wearcatch geta coldhave acold becomebe
三、重点句型时间数量从句(一般过去时态)It is\has been++since+如Its two years since he died.He has been deadfor twoyears/since twoyears ago.He diedtwoyears ago.
四、与的比较have/has been to have/has gone to、〃去过某地〃,现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数〃的状语如等1have/has beento Once,twice、〃去了某地〃,表示已经去了或在途中,还没有返回2have/has goneto
五、一般过去时态与现在完成时态的比较一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的
1.事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响注意一般过去时的时间状语yesterday,last week,...ago,in1980,just now,etc.我昨天看了这部电影(强调看的动作发生过了)I sawthis filmyesterday.我看过这部电影了强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了
六、巩固练习I have seen thisfilm.令将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词玲lHe hasbecome a doctor.He has adoctorfor2years.玲2He hasJoinedthe party.He has the partyfor3hours.•玲3The shopopened3years agoThe shopsince3yearsago..玲41have borrowedthe bookI havethe bookfor2weeks./,S/Z\/S/N/X/,\/VX/,\Z,V^/SZZ\Z/N/S/SZK/\Z\Z\/\Z\Z\Z\Z\y.玲5She has bought thepen She hasthepen forone year..玲6She has died Shefor3years.令用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.1alreadysee thefilm.Isee itlast week.
2.-hefinish hiswork today-Not yet.
3.My fatherjustcome backfrom work.He istired now.
4.-Wheres LiMing-Hego to the teachersoffice.
1.1work heresince Imovehere in
1999.
6.So farImake quitea fewfriends here.
7.-How longthe Wangsstayhere-For twoweeks.
1.1justfinish myhomework.
9.Hego toschool onfoot everyday.
10.youfind yourscience bookyet
11.If itbefine tomorrow,Ill gowith you.
12.The studentsreadEnglish whenthe teachercame in.
13.Look!The monkeyclimbthe tree.
14.My mothercome toseeme nextSunday.
15.Ive lostmypen.yousee it anywhere令用和填空sincefor
1.He haslived inNanjing theyear beforelast.
2.Ive knownhim wewere children.
3.Our teacherhas studiedJapanese threeyears.
4.She has been awayfrom the city aboutten years.代
5.Its aboutten yearsshe Iethecity.令用〃填空never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since
5.1haveseenhim before,so Ihave noidea abouthim.
2.Jack hasfinished hishomework.
3.Mr.Wang hastaught inthis schoolten years.
4.-Have youseen thefilm-No,Ihaveseen it.代.
5.-Has thebus left-Yes,it hasIe令用及的各种形式填空have/has beento/in,have goneto go1Where isTom Hehis country.2Lucy thepark justnow.3John Englandsincehecame back.4How longthey thisvillage5The SmithsBeijing foryears.6you everAmerica-Yes,I theremanytimes.7I thisschool sincethreeyearsago.8Where isJim He the farm.9they oftenskating inwinter一10Would youlike toto thezoo withme Yes,but Ithere before.令单项选择
1.My fatheron businessfor twoweeks.Hell returnin3days.A.left B.has leftC.has goneD.has been away
2.—They saythere/sanew restaurantnearby.—Yes,and itfor nomore thana week.B.has beenopen B.opens C.is openingD.is opened
3.—Excuse me,look atthe signNO PHOTOS!—Sorry,I it.A.dont seeB.didnt seeC.havent seenD.wont see
4.The oldman haslived inthat smallhouse.twenty yearsago B.since twenty years C.twentyyearsago D.for twentyyearsago
5.Jim hasmade manyfriends sincehe to China.A.came B.comes C.hascomeD.will come
6.They alltheir money,so theyhave towalk home.A.spend B.spent C.have spentD.will spend
7.My auntisnt here.She Shanghaion business.She willbebackin three days.A.went B.has goneto C.has beento D.will goto
8.Jack hasnever beento Disneylandbefore,but hethere thissummer.A.hasbeenB.is goingC.went D.goes
9.—Im sorry,John.I_your dictionaryfor sucha longtime.—Never mind.You canstill_italittle longerif youlike.A.have borrowed;keep B.have lent;kept C.have kept;keep D.have returned;kept
10.—Why areyou solate Thetrain hasfor tenminutes.—Sorry.I forgotthe time.A.left B.beenawayC.been left
11.-Where isMike,do youknow-Hes thehistory museumwith hisfamily.A.going to B.goneto C.beentoD.went to
12.--the twinstheir houseworkyet-Yes.They itfive minutesago.A.Have,done,finished B.Have,done,have finishedC.Did,do,finished D.Have,do,finished
13.The bookAlice InWonderland isvery interesting.I ittwice already.A.read B.have readC.am readingD.will read
14.-No,this isthe firsttime Ihere.A.was B.have beenC.came D.am coming
15.His grandmafor twoyears.A.died B.hasdiedC.was deadD.hasbeendead
16.Judy thistoy bearin
2017.She itforthreeyears.,has had,hasboughtbought,has hadbought,had
17.—Sam,when didyour motheryour father—In2012,now theyfor10years.A.marry to;got marriedB.getmarriedto;have gotmarriedC.marry with;have gotmarried D.marry;havebeenmarried
18.—Your newbike isso nice!When didyou buyit—In July.I itfor twoweeks.C.have hadC.have boughtD.bought
19.It istwelve.They lunch.A.have B.are havingC.had D.has2O.Well goto playwith snowif ittomorrow.A.snow B.snows C.will snowD.snowed
21.He inthreedays.A.coming backB.came backC.will comeback
22.The D.is goingto comingbackboy offthe horsetwo minuteago.A.fall B.falls C.fell D.felt
23.The sunin theeast andin thewest.A.raise;set B.rise;sets C.rises;setsD.rises;set
24.This timeyesterday Jackhis bike.He TV.A.repaired;didnt watchB.was repairing;watched C.repaired;watchedD.was repairing;wasnt watchingA.have cometoB.havebeentoC.have comein D.havebeenin
25.-When didthe GreenscometoChina-They Chinafor sevenyears.
26.-Where isMike--He toNew Yorkon business.Hetheairport atfive inthe morning.A.has gone;has left for B.hasbeen;has left forD.has gone;leftforD.hasbeen;leftfor
27.totheYellow Riverlast year,but Inever tothe YangtzeRiver.;have;been go;have;been;have;gone;have;gone
28.Jane haslived here2years old.Shehaslived inShanghai19years.A.in,for,for,at
29.My motherhas fedthe dog,but shehasnt wateredthe flowers.;already;yet;still
30.has MrWhite beenamemberof GreenerChina sincehetoChinaA.How soon,comes B.How often,got C.How long,came D.How far,arrived。