中考英语定语从句

定语从句一1定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、副词、不定式、介词短语等来担任如果是由一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子叫定语从句定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，还能修饰整个主句或主句的一部分被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句通常放在先行词的后面；引导定语从句的词叫关系词，即关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why,在句中起着连接作用，同时乂在从句中担任句子成分本节简单介绍关系代词所引导的定语从句2定语从句的构成先行词+引导词关系词+定语从句1Thankyouforthebookthat/whichyougaveme说明关系代词that/which跟在先行词book的后面引导定语从句关系代词that/which在从句中既代替先行词book在句中担任宾语，又起着连词的作用在从句中因为关系代词that/which已代替了主句中的book,所以在从句中就不再重复用book2Thegirlwho/thatcamefirstisJane说明关系代词who/that跟在先行词girl后面引导定语从句在从根据中既代替先行词girl在句中担任主语，乂起着连词的作用，不能省略典例品味1DoyouknowthelittleboyishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroadNo.Buthowniceheis!AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhat2ThemoviewesawlastnightwasfantasticAthatBwhatCwhoseDwho专项训练1Pleasepassmethecartoonbook___hasaMickeyMouseonthecoverAwhomBwhichCwhoseDwho2itsinterestingthattherearealotofpeoplespeakFrenchinCanadaAwhereBwhichCwhoDwhen3ThegirlwonthegoldmedalcomesfromXiamenNo.lhighSchoolAwhoBwhichCwhomDwhat4Afriendissomeone__says/What!YoutooIthoughtIwastheonlyone\AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhose5ltzsbadforhealthtohurrytomoveintoahousehasnewfurnitureinitAwhoBwhereCwhenDthat定语从句二三我们在前面讲过，定语从句是指在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句通常放在先行词的后面；定语从句常由关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why引导，在句中起连接作用，同时乂在从句中充当句子成分1关系代词和关系副词的用法关系词在从句中的作用先行词例句关系代词that主语、宾语人、物ThewomanthatisinredistheirEnglish teacher./Thebook thatImreading isaboutChinashistorywhich主语、宾语物Pass methe penwhichisonthedesk/My bikewhich1bought lastyear wasstolenyesterdaywho主语、宾语人The girlwho iswearinga bluecap ismyfriendssister/The boywhoKangkang istalkingwithisMichaelwhom宾语人He isthe manwhom1metatthepartywhose定语人、物The girlwhosemother isan actressplaysthe pianoverywell关系副词when状语时间1still remembertheday when1went tocollegewhere状语地点1dont knowanyplace where1canget aBeijign RoastDuckWhy状语原因Thats thereasonwhy1come toBeijingwithher2that与which的区别以下情况只用that引导定语从句用法例句当先行词是Payattentiontoeverythingthat1doAllthatyouall,everything,nothing,anything,much,little,few等havetodoistostudyhard不定代词时当先行词被all,every,no,little,much等修饰时AllthebooksthatwerewrittenbyHJ.Christareveryinteresting当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时Heisthefirstmanthat1knowinthecityThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverreadSheistheonlypersonthatwasinvitedtothe先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修饰meetinginourschool时（当先行词是人时，也可用关系代词who,whom）先行词中既有人或物时Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedinschool主句是以who,what,which开头的句子WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoDavid温馨提示That和which在定语从句中作动词宾语时经常被省略，尤其是在口语和非正式用语中；但that和which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，不能省略区别在于介词不能放在that之前，只能放在动词之后；而which可以，即介词可以放在which前面或是放在相关动词之后TheclassroomthatwestudyinisverylargeTheroominwhichMr.Gaolivesisverybeautiful=Theroomwhichmr.Gaolivesinisverybeautiful典例品味1MoststudentsliketheteachersunderstandthemwellAwhichBwhatCwhomDwho2PeoplearetalkingabouttheIdhousesJackieChanboughtinAnhuitwentyyearsagoAwhereBwhichCwhoDwhen3BeijingblindissonethingmostpeoplecantimagineAwhoBwhichCthatDwhom4HedidntcatchtheballhisfatherthrewtohimAwhatBwhoCthatDwhom5Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers____IvisitedinLondonyearsagoAwhatBwhoCthatDwhich专项训练1CindywantstobuythebookwaswrittenbyMoYanwhogottheNobelLiteraturePrizelastyearAwhoBthatCwhatDwhom2ShehatespeopledonthelpotherswhentheyhavetroubleAwhoseB/CwhomDwho3PeterlikestolistentoKellyClaskson/smusicisveryloudandfullofenergyAwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich4Idon/tknowthegirl__KangkangistalkingtoAwhichBwhomCwhyDwhose5DoyouknowthewomanhairiswhiteSheismygrandmaAwhoBthatCwhoseDwhich6Thepolicecaughttheman___stolesomecomputersinourscholAwhomBwhoCwhoseDwhich7Bob,!willgoandhelpmyfatheronthefarm.PleaselookaftermylittlesonandthedogareathomeAthatBwhichCwhoDwhom8IhavealreadyreadthefirstbookyoulentmelastweekAwhenBwhereCwhichDthat9ChildrenlikesomethingismadeindifferentcolorsAthatBwhichCwhoDwhom10ThewomanIhadatalkwithafriendofmineAwhichBwhomCwhenDwhere。