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复旦大学附属中学学年第二学期高二年级2022英语期中考试L ListeningComprehension259Section ADirections:In Section A,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At theend ofeachconversation,a questionwill be asked aboutwhat wassaid.The conversationsand thequestions will be spoken only once.After youhear aconversation and the question about it,read thefour possible answers on your paper,and decidewhich oneis the best answerto thequestion youhaveheard.
1.A.At alaundry.B.At afurniture shop.C.At arestaurant.D.At abus station.
2.A.A hairdresser.B.A waitress.C.A police officer.D.An insuranceagent.
3.A.The concerthas alreadybeen canceled.B.She needsto checkfirst.C.No ticketis availablefor next Sunday.D.She isfully occupiednextSunday.
4.A.At20:25B.At22:
25.C.Atl6:
25.D.Atl8:
25.
5.A.David shouldinvest morein stocks.B.Its unwiseto makesuch aninvestment.C.Ifs betterfbr him to takeout hissavings.D.David has the finalsay indecision-making.
6.A.To abank.B.To Macao.C.To atravel agency.D.To agymnasium.
7.A.The advisorhas approvedthe mansschedule.B.The manshould makean appointment.C.The advisormust signthe document.D.The manshould changehis schedule.
8.A.She didntshow uptoday.B.She didnt teach anyclass today.C.She usuallyassigns homework.D.She usuallytalks quietly.
9.A.His housecan accommodatethe entirecommittee.B.The womanshould not have madethe decision.C.The meetingshould beheld at the library.D.A smallercommittee should be formed.
10.A.She needsto decideon amethod soon.B.She doesnthave time to collectthe data.C.She prefers to waituntil afterthe election.D.Shell sendout thequestionnaire in a month.Section BDirections:In SectionB.you willhear twoshort passages and onelonger conversation,and youwillbe askedseveral questionson eachof the passagesand the conversation.The passagesand theconversationwill beread twice,but thequestionswill bespokenonlyonce.When youhear aquestion,read thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperand decidewhich oneis thebest answertothe questionyou haveheard.Questions11through13are basedon the following passage.
11.A.Running roundthe world.B.Becoming anextraordinary actor.C.Being selectedas aprofessional runner.D.Setting offonarun fromRussian toAfrica.
1955.”“质疑”故选项DSection BDirections:Read the following threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunflnishedstatements.For eachof themthere are four choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Choose theonethat fitsbest accordingto theinformation given in the passage youhave justread.AA wiseman oncesaid that the onlything necessaryfor thetriumph ofevil isfor goodmen to do nothing.So,as apolice officer,I havesome urgentthings tosay togood people.Day afterday mymen and I struggleto holdback atidal wave of crime.Something hasgone terriblywrong with ouronce-proud Americanway oflife.It hashappened in the areaof values.A keyingredient isdisappearing,and Ithink Iknow what it is:accountability.My jobas apoliceofficeris to impose accountabilityon people who refuse,or havenever learned,to imposeit onthemselves.But asevery policemanknows,external controlon peoplesbehavior isfar less effective thaninternalrestraints suchas guilt,shame andembarrassment.Fortunately there are stillcommunities-smaller towns,一usually whereschools maintaindiscipline andwhere parentshold upstandards thatproclaim:In thisfamily certainthingsare not tolerated.They simplyare notdone!”Yet moreand more,especially inour large cities andsuburbs,theseinner restraints are loosening.Your typicalrobber hasnone.He considersyour propertyhis property.He takeswhat hewants,including your life ifyou enragehim.The maincause of this breakdownis aradical shiftin attitudes.Thirty years ago if a crime was committed,society wasconsidered thevictim.Now,in ashocking reversal,its the criminal whois consideredvictimized:by hisunderprivileged upbringing,by theschool thatdidntteach himto read,by thechurch thatfailed to reach himwith moralguidance,by theparents whodidnt providea stable home.I dontbelieve it.Many othersin equallydisadvantaged circumstanceschoose notto engagein criminalactivities.Ifwe free the criminal,even partly,from accountability,we becomea societyof endlessexcuses whereno oneacceptsresponsibility for anything.Americans desperatelyneed more people whobelieve that the personwho commitsa crime is the one responsible forit.
36.Compared withthose insmall towns,people inlargecitieshaveA moretolerance ofdifference.B.more respectfor privacy.C.lesseffectivegovernance.D.less self-discipline.
37.According to the author,if aperson isfound guiltyof acrime incontemporary society,A.multiple contributingfactors areto beheld accountable.B.the personsupbringing is in part to blame.C.moral guidanceand stablehomes should be provided.D.thecriminalhimself should bear theblame.
38.The writeris sorryto havenoticed thatA.nowadays peoplelean towardsexcusing criminals.B.more peopleare committingcrimes becausethey havenothing.C.people nolonger empathizewith people in difficulty.D.disadvantaged peopleare engagedin criminalactivities.
39.The keypoint of the passageis thatA.stricter disciplineshould bemaintained inurban communities.B.more goodexamples should be setfor people to follow.C.morepeopleshould acceptthe valueof accountability.D.more restrictionsshouldbeimposed tocurb crime.【答案】
36.D
37.D
38.A
39.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文文章从一名警察的角度分析了美国犯罪活动猖獗的原因，文章认为问责制很重要，应当加以重视【题详解】36细节理解题根据第三段“Yet moreand more,especially inour largecities andsuburbs,these innerrestraintsare（然而，越来越多的人，尤其是在大城市和郊区，这些内在的限制正在松动）”可知，与小城镇的人loosening.相比，大城市的人自律能力较差故选D题详解】[37细节理解题根据第三段“My jobas apoliceofficeris toimpose accountabilityon peoplewho refuse,or havenever.（作为一名警察，我的工作就是把责任强加给那些拒绝或从未学会自己承担learned,toimposeit on themselves责任的人）”可知，作者认为，在当代社会，如果一个人被判有罪，罪犯自己应该承担责任故选Do【题详解】38细节理解题根据倒数第三段u Thirtyyears ago,ifacrimewascommitted,society wasconsidered thevictim.Now,ina shockingreversal,ifs thecriminal whois consideredvictimized:by hisunderprivilegedupbringing,by theschool thatdidntteachhimtoread,by thechurch thatfailed to reach himwith moralguidance,by theparents whodidnt providea（年前，如果发生犯罪，社会被认为是受害者现在，在一个令人震惊的逆转中，罪犯被认为是stablehome.30受害者他贫穷的成长环境，没有教他阅读的学校，没有给他道德指导的教堂，没有给他提供稳定家庭的父母）”以及倒数第二段“If wefreethecriminal,even partly,from accountability,we becomea societyof endlessexcuses where.（如果我们免除罪犯的责任，即使是部分免除，我们的社会就会变成一no oneaccepts responsibilityforanything个充满无穷借口的社会，没有人愿意为任何事情承担责任）”可知，作者遗憾地注意到，现在人们倾向于为罪犯开脱故选A【题详解】39主旨大意题根据第二段“Day afterday mymen andI struggleto holdback atidal waveof crime.Something hasgoneterribly wrongwith ouronce-proud Americanway oflife.It hashappened in the areaof values.A keyingredient is（复一日，我和我的手下奋力遏制犯罪浪潮我们曾经disappearing,andIthink Iknowwhatit is:accountability.H引以为豪的美国生活方式出现了严重的问题它发生在价值观领域一个关键因素正在消失我想我知道那是什么问责制）”以及最后一S uAmericans desperatelyneed morepeoplewhobelieve that the personwho commitsa.（美国人迫切需要更多的人相信犯罪的人应该crimeis theoneresponsibleforit对犯罪负责）”结合文章从一名警察的角度分析了美国犯罪活动猖獗的原因，文章认为问责制很重要，应当加以重视可知，这篇文章的重点是更多的人应该接受问责制的价值故选CBResearchers usedto thinkbrain-to-body-size ratiorevealed intelligencebecause itshowed howa species devotedenergy to its brain.They wereutterly wrong.Other ratiosbetter predictsmarts,but theresstill noperfect metric.Thisranking,by brain-to-body ratio,shows justhow littlewe knowabout,well,knowing stuff.
1.Ants:1:7Theres areason whyants thinkas agroup.With just250,000brain cellsper soldier,it takesa colonyto rivalthe totalneuronsfound inone human.Like alltiny creatures,their brainsare enormousonly whencompared with their tinybodies.Brains can be onlyso smalland stillfunction.
2.Tree Shrews:1:10Lest youthink thismetric fallsapart onlyin theinsect world,the nobletree shrew has the highest brain-to-body ratioof any mammal despite its small size.Ten percentof itsbody weightis brainmatter.But ifthese animals are smarterthanpeople,they sure keep quiet about it・
3.Humans:1:40As part of the ongoing effortto puthuman intellecton top,some scientistsargue weshould abandonbrain-to-body infavor of encephalizationquotient Jor EQ,which quantifiesbrain massrelative to the averagefbr animalsof thattype andsize.Ours are
7.4times largerthan expected.
4.Dolphins:1:78Bottlenose dolphinsratio isntmuch toboast.They dobetter withEQ,clocking in around fouror fivetimes larger一than averagefor theirkind.Their smartsmight bedue inparttospindle cellslarge neuronsthought toenable complexbehaviorsin greatapes anda selectfew otherspecies.
5.Dogs:1:125If mansbest friendseems lesssmart thanhis wildcousins,it mightbe becausea wolf-size doghas asignificantlysmaller brain.Weve bredthem toa state of everlastingpuppydom,so whileone canhunt foritself,the othergets treatsbybeing avery goodboy.Who cansay whichspecies cameout ahead
6.Great whites:1:2,500Often dismissedas havinga walnut-size brain,the greatwhite actuallyhas alarger,decentralized organ,Y-shapedand2feet long.Humans have around
62.5times morebrain massper poundof flesh,but asharks graymatter seemsfocused on specific skills——like smellingout sealblood.
40.The brain-to-body-size ratiosare rankedin ordertoA.hold readers9interest bybeing scientificB.capture theproportional relationshipbetween the brain andintelligenceC.explain thatintelligence is not necessarilylinked tobrain sizeD.reveal that the largerthe brain,the moreenergy aspeciesdevote
41.What can be inferredfrom theunderlined sentenceA.Tree shrewscan makehigh-pitched sounds.B.Tree shrewsare nosmarter thanhumans.C.Smart astree shrewsare,they tend to keepquietabout it.D.Humans shouldkeep low-profile astree shrewsdo.
42.Which of the followingstatements istrue accordingto the passageA.Our humanintellect comesout on top ifmeasured by brain-to-body ratioB.Thanks tospindle cells,dolphins canperform the same behaviorsas greatapes arecapable of.C.Despite theirsmaller brains,dogs aresmarter thanwolves becausethey arebred byhumans.D.The greatwhites decentralized organ contributestoitscertain skills.【答案】
40.C
41.B
42.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文讲述了研究者过去认为，大脑与身体的比例解释了智力，文章通过一些排名，推翻了这一观点【题详解】40细节理解题根据文章第一段“They wereutterly wrong.Other ratiosbetter predictsmarts,but theresstill noperfect（们完全错了metric.This ranking,bybrain-to-body ratio,shows justhow littlewe knowabout,well,knowing stuff.fe其他比率可能更好地预测智力，但仍然没有完美的指标这个排名，根据大脑与身体的比例，显示了我们对知识的了解是多么得少）”可知，文中将大脑与身体的比例排名是为了解释智力与大脑的大小关系并不紧密，故选C题详解】[41推理判断题根据文章第三段划线句前的内容“Lest youthink thismetric fallsapart onlyin theinsect world,the nobletreeshrewhas the highestbrain-to-body ratioofanymammaldespiteitssmallsize.Ten percentof itsbody weightis brain（为了避免你认为这一指标只在昆虫世界中适用，尽管体型较小，但高贵的树雕]matter.的脑体是在所有哺乳动物中最高的它体重的是大脑物质）”可知，前文拿树鼠句举例，说明树物的大10%脑是动物中最高的来推翻文章第一段提出的大脑的比例揭示了智力这一观点，故可推知此处划线句“But ifthese】的意为“树鼠可并不比人类聪明”，故选animalsaresmarter thanpeople,they suekeepquiet:about it.”Co【题详解】42细节理解题根据文章最后一段uOften dismissedas havinga walnut-size brain,the greatwhite actuallyhas alarger,decentralizedorgan,Y-shaped and2feet long.Humans have around
62.5times morebrain massper poundof flesh,but a.（大白鲨通常被认为有核桃大小的sharks graymatter seemsfocusedonspecificskills—like smellingout sealblood大脑，实际上它有着一个更大的、分散的器官，型的，英尺长人类每磅肉的大脑质量大约是鲨鱼的倍，Y2但鲨鱼的灰质似乎专注于特定的技能，一一比如说嗅出海豹的血）”可知，大白鲨的技能与其大脑的大小无关，而是分散的器官造就了它特定的技能，故选项DWhile human achievements in mathematics continue to reach new levels of complexity,many of us who arent（微积分）.mathematicians at heart or engineers by trade,may struggleto rememberthe lasttime weused calculusItsa fact not lost on American educators,who faced with rising math failure rates aredebating howmath can better meet thereal-life needsof students.Should wechange the way mathis taughtin schools,or eliminatesome coursesentirelyAndrew Hacker,Queens Collegepolitical scienceprofessor,thinks thatadvanced algebraand other higher-levelmath shouldbe cut from cumculain favorof courses with more routine usefulness,like statistics.“We hearon allsides thatwere notteaching enoughmathematics,and theChinese arerunning ringsaroundus,“Hacker says・“Im suggestingwere teachingtoo muchmathematics totoo many people...not everybodyhas toknowcalculus.If youregoing to become anaeronautical engineer,fine.But mostof usarent.Instead,Hacker ispushing formore courseslike theone heteaches atQueens College:Numeracy
101.There,hisstudents ofcitizen statistics^learn toanalyze publicinformation likethe governmentbudget andcorporate reports.Suchcourses,Hacker argues,are aremedy for the numericalilliteracy ofadults who have completed high-level mathlikealgebra but are unable to calculate the price of,say,a carpetby area.Hackers argumenthas metwith oppositionfrom othermath educatorswho saywhafs neededis to help studentsdevelopa betterrelationship withmath earlier,rather thanteaching themless mathaltogether.Maria Droujkovais afounder ofNatural Math,and hastaught basiccalculus conceptsto5-year-olds.ForDroujkova,high-level mathis important,and whatit coulduse inAmerican classroomsis an injection of childlike wonder.Make mathematicsmore available,“Droujkova says.Redesign itso itsmore accessible to more kinds of people:youngchildren,adults whoworry aboutit,adults whomay havehad badexperiences.Pamela Harris,a lecturerat the University ofTexas atAustin,has asimilar perspective.Harris saysthat Americaneducationis sufferingfrom awidespread phenomenoncalledfake math^-an emphasison therote memorizationofformulas andsteps,rather thanan understandingof howmath caninfluence the ways wesee the world.Andrew Hacker,for therecord,still hashis doubts.Im going to leaveit tothose who are inmathematics towork outtheways to make theirsubject interestingand excitingso studentswant totake it,Hacker says.All thatI askis thatalternativesbe offeredinstead ofputting allofuson theroad tocalculus/
943.What doesthe authorsay aboutAmericanseducatorsA.They areto blamefor Americans,risingmath failurerates.B.They aremaking mathtoo complexto betaught toordinary Americans.C.They findhigh-level mathfail tomeet students9practical needs.D.They arestruggling to remember howto usecalculus.
44.Which of thefollowingapproach tomath doesAndrew Hackeragree withA.Expose studentsto high-level mathearlier in their schoolyears.B.Enable studentsto makeuse ofbasic mathin real-life situations.C.Lay asolid foundationfor statisticsto compensatefor numericalilliteracy.D.Help studentsto developtheir analyticalskills bycalculating theprice ofa carpetby area.
45.Maria Droujkovaand Pamela Harris willboth agreethatA.options to learn high-level math shouldbeleft openB.learning mathis interestingand accessibleto everyoneC.those withtrouble learningmathshouldtry a new approachD.the earlieryou starttolearnmath,the better.
46.The besttitle for thepassageshould beA.Numeracy101:A Curefor MathematicalIlliteracyB.No MoreFake Math:How toTeach Mathto KidsC.Be Practical:Stop RequiringAdvanced Mathin SchoolsD.To Removeor ToKeep:A DebateOver High-level MathEducation【答案】
43.B
44.B
45.A
46.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文文章主要针对高等数学是否应该取消展开，论述了不同专家对此的不同看法【题详解】43细节理解题根据第——段u While humanachievements inmathematics continuetoreachnew levelsof complexity,many ofus who arent mathematicians atheart orengineers bytrade,may struggleto rememberthe lasttime weused（微积分）（虽然人类在数学方面的成就不断达到新的复杂程度，但我们中的许多人，本质上不是数calculus.学家，也不是工程师，可能很难记起我们上次使用微积分是什么时候）”可知，作者认为美国教育家把数学弄得太复杂了，以至于普通美国人都教不了故选B【题详解】44细节理解题根据第二段u Andrew Hacker,Queens Collegepolitical scienceprofessor,thinks thatadvanced algebraand（皇otherhigher-level mathshouldbecutfromcurricula infavorofcourseswithmoreroutineusefulness,like statistics.后学院政治学教授认为，高等代数和其他更高水平的数学应该从课程中剔除，转而选择更实用Andrew Hacker的课程，比如统计学）”以及第四段“Such courses,Hacker argues,are aremedy for the numericalilliteracy ofadults（whohavecompletedhigh-level mathlike algebrabutareunabletocalculatethepriceof,say,a carpetby area.Hacker认为，这类课程是对一些成年人的数字文盲的一种补救措施，这些成年人已经完成了代数等高级数学，但不会计算地毯的面积价格）”可知，认同的教学方法是使学生能够在实际生活中运用基本的数学知AndrewHacker识故选B【题详解】45细节理解题根据倒数第三段“For Droujkova,high-level mathis important,and whatit coulduse inAmericanclassrooms is aninjectionofchildlikewonder.Make mathematicsmore availableJ Droujkovasays.Redesign itso itsmoreaccessibletomorekindsof people:young children,adults whoworry aboutit,adults whomay havehad bad（对来说，高水平数学很重要，它可以在美国的课堂上注入孩子般的好奇心“让数学experiences.”Droujkova更容易获得，说“重新设计它，让更多类型的人更容易接触到它小孩子、担心它的成年人、Droujkova可能有过不好经历的成年人以及倒数第二段“Pamela Harris,a lecturerattheUniversity ofTexas atAustin,has a（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的讲师也有类似的观点）”可知，两者都认为学习similar perspective.PamelaHarris高级数学的选择应该是开放的故选A【题详解】46主旨大意题根据第一段“Whilehumanachievementsinmathematicscontinuetoreachnewlevelsofcomplexity,manyof uswhoarentmathematiciansatheartorengineersbytrade,may struggletorememberthe lasttime weused calculus（微积分）.Its afactnotlostonAmericaneducators,who facedwith risingmathfailurerates aredebating howmath canbettermeetthereal-life needsof students.Should wechange theway mathis taughtin schools,or eliminatesome courses（虽然人类在数学方面的成就不断达到新的复杂程度，但我们中的许多人，本质上不是数学家，也不entirely是工程师，可能很难记起我们上次使用微积分是什么时候面D.He doesnthave anassistant toback himup.
13.A.Baker couldrun60kilometers aday.B.Baker waswilling tosacrifice hislife forrunning.C.Baker wasput offby wildanimals.D.Baker couldmake friendsalong hisway.Questions14through16are basedon thefollowing passage.
14.A.They areof internationalsignificance.B.They needkeep upwith airtravel growth.C.They needmeet customerdemand.D.They arefacedwithfierce competition.
15.A.Luxurious residentialareas.B.Comfortable accommodation.C.Convenient access.D.Nearby shoppingmallsC.Aircraft needmuch spaceto landand takeoff.D.Aircraft needregular examinationwith engines.
16.A.Aircraft arenoisier thanbefore.B.Aircraft aregetting largerin size.Question17through20are basedon thefollowing conversation.
17.A.The womanscareer development.B.The woman9s contributionsas an editor.C.What thewoman thinksof beinganeditor.D.What hasinspired thewoman towork formagazines.
18.A.The internationalactors anddirectors.B.The wishesof herfamily.C.The booksshe readthen.D.Her schoolmatesand teachers.
19.A.Its ownerseventually bentto herphilosophyB.It promptedher topursue herown dream.C.It startedto makea profitbefore sheresigned.D.Its salesvolume increasedwhile she was workingthere.
20.A.She makesserious readersher targetaudience.B Shemakes sureits coveris in linewith the content.C.She drawsreaders9attention withwhats beyondtheir reach.D.She givesits articlesan eye-catching openingsentence.IL Grammarand Vocabulary20’SectionA
1.Im humbledand gratefulforthe recognition of the award,but thetruly belongs tothe amazing visionofthe filmsdirector.A.highlight B.credit C.fortune D.merit【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析句意我对这个奖项的认可感到谦卑和感激，但荣誉真正属于电影导演的惊人视野A.highlight突出；B.credit赞扬；C.fortune运气；D.merit优点根据前文“therecognitionof theaward,,以及后文u trulybelongstotheamazingvision ofthe film^director^可知，此处指荣誉真正属于电影导演的惊人视野故选B对数学不良率
2.Both moralvirtue andintellectual virtueare worthwhilehuman pursuits,but somescholars theformer不断上升的问题，美国的教育工作者们正在讨论数学如何才能更好地满足学生的现实需求我们是否应该改变学校教授数学的方式，或者完全取消一些课程？）”结合文章主要针对高等数学是否应该取消展开，论述了不同专家对此的不同看法可知，选项“取消还是保留关于高等数学教育的争论”最符合文章标题故选D DSectionCDirections:Read thefollowing passage.Fill ineach blankwith aproper sentencegivenin the box.Each sentencecanbeused onlyonce.Note thattherearetwo moresentences thanyou need.In thefog ofuncertainty abouthow newtechnology willchange theway wework,policymakers aroundthe worldhaveflocked tothesameidea.No matterwhat thefuture brings,they sayconfidently,we willneed toupskill theworkforcein orderto cope.The viewsounds reassuringlysensible.If computersare growingsmarter,humans willneed tolearn to use them tohumans advantage.Otherwise,they mayrun therisk ofbeing replacedby computers.
47.Research publishedby theSocial MobilityCommission showsthat workers with degreesare overthree timesmorelikely toparticipate intraining as adults thanworkerswithno qualifications.That createsa virtuouscircle forthose whodidwell atschool,and viciouscircle forthose whodid not.If therobots arecoming forboth theaccountants and the taxidrivers,you canbet thebean counterswillbemore ableto retrain themselves out of danger.48In theUK,the governmentintroduced anapprenticeship levy“a fewyears agoin anattempt toforceemployers tospend moreon training.A surprisingnumber haveresponded bysending theirsenior managerson“apprenticeships at business schools.It isno goodcriticizing employersfor directinginvestments attheir highlyskilled workers.They aresimply aimingforthehighestreturn theycan get.And,for sometypes oflower-paid work,itisnot alwaystrue thattechnological progressrequiresmore skills.The UKslatest Employmentand SkillsSurvey,which isperformed everyfive years,suggests the useof literacyand numeracyskills atwork hasfallen since2012,even astheuseof computers has increased.The troubleis,when thecomputer makesyour jobeasier oneday,it mightmake itunnecessary thenext.Many of those affected byautomation willneed toswitch occupations,or evenindustries.49It istimetorevisit olderideas.The UKonce had an energeticculture ofnight schools,for adultsto attendafter theirdayjobs.These institutionshave beendisappearing due to fundingcuts.But arevival ofnight schoolscould beexactlywhat the21st centuryneeds.50They canalso exploreinterests theynever had a chance to nurturebefore.It isstill notclear whetherthe impactof newtechnology on the labourmarket willcome in a trickleor aflood.But in an alreadyunequal world,continuing toreserve allthe lifeboatsforthebetter-off would beadangerous mistake.A.Employers alsoinvest morein bettereducated workersby launchingemployer-sponsored employeeeducationprograms.B.According toan OxfordUniversity study,nowadays employersare morelikely tohire the first-year apprentices.C.Rather thanjust“upskilling ina narrowway,people couldchoose tolearn anentirely newskill ortrade.D.But thetruth is,the peoplewhoarebeing“upskilled“in todayseconomy arethe oneswho needit theleast.E.People caneffectively trainor upskillthemselves tomeet theirspecific professionalneeds.F.But aretailer orwarehouse companyisnotgoing toretrain itsstaff tohelp themmove toa differentsector.【答案】
47.D
48.A
49.F
50.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文文章针对通常看法“需提升劳动人口技能以应对自动化浪潮”指出，现实中技能提升的机会往往向高学历者倾斜，应为真正面临危机的低学历者提供再培训机会题详解】[47根据空前“The viewsounds reassuringlysensible.If computersare growingsmarter,humans willneed tolearn touse（这一观点听上去合乎情themtohumans advantage.Otherwise,they mayrun therisk ofbeing replacedby computers.理，令人放心如果电脑变得越来越智能，人类就必须学会利用它们否则，人们就冒着被电脑取代的风险）”可知，空前提出这一观点听上去似乎合乎情理，故此空应反驳并提出观点，故项“但是事实却是，在现在这D个经济时代，得到技能提升的往往是在这方面需求最小的群体”符合，首先退步承认通常做法有合理性，随后指出这一做法的受益群体是最不需要这一帮助的人，故选项D【题详解】48不艮据空后“In theUK,the governmentintroduced anapprenticeship levy“a fewyearsagoinanattempt toforceemployers tospend moreon training.A surprisingnumber haveresponded bysending theirsenior managerson.（在英国，政府在几年前开始实施‘学徒税，试图强制雇主加大培训投入“apprenticeships”atbusinessschools对此，竟有相当数量的雇主将高管送到商学院当‘学徒‘）”可知，空后举例说明雇主将高管送去培训的事例，故项通过实施雇主赞助的员工教育项目，雇主也对受教育程度更高的雇员的投入更多”符合，此处A指出雇主更愿意在高学历雇员身上投入更多，空后借“学徒税”的实施情况举例证明，故选项A题详解】[49根据空前“The troubleis,when thecomputer makesyour jobeasier oneday,it mightmake itunnecessary thenext.Many（问题在于，如果电脑今天让你ofthoseaffectedbyautomation willneed toswitch occupations,or evenindustries.的工作变得容易，那它明天可能就会让你的工作变得多余受到自动化影响的许多人将需要更换职业，甚至更换行业”可知，本段提出雇主偏袒高学历雇员是情有可原的，但是单纯培训也不能解决低技能的危机，因此受到自动化影响的人需要更换行业，故此处项“但是零售公司或批发店可不会为员工提供帮助他们转行的再F培训”符合，前文表明培训也不能解决低技能的危机，但是大部分雇主也确实不想培训低技能工人，故选F项【题详解】50根据空前“These institutionshave beendisappearing dueto fundingcuts.But arevival ofnight schoolscould beexactly这些机构由于资金削减已经奄奄一息但是，夜校的复兴可能正是世纪所需要的”what the21st centuryneeds.21可知，空前提出夜校是自动化浪潮面前的良好解决方法，应当扶持，故此处项“人们并不是在进行狭义上的C‘技能提升，而是选择一门全新的技能或者手艺”符合，空前提出夜校是一个良好的解决方法，此处进一步说明夜校的好处，学习新的技能或手艺，故选项cIV.Productive Grammar105After readingthepassagebelow,fill in the blanksto makethepassagecoherent andDirections:grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe givenword:fortheother blanks,use ONEword thatbest fitseach blank.Conquering theScientific World,Dr.Roberto CreaAlthough the scientiststhat broughta revolutioninto humanlife areno more,there remaina fewwhoarefollowing intheirfootsteps tofind permanentsolutions topersistent humanlife problemsand addvalue,ease,and comfortto peopleslives.51fits the context perfectlyis worthworshiping.And Dr.Roberto Creaistheone ofthem.Born onJuly1,1948,in Italy,Roberto Creawas agenius kid.52graduate from theUniversity of Paviain Italy,hemoved tothe Netherlandsfor hisspecialization lateron andfinally enrolledattheUniversityofLeiden,where hestudied核甘酸，the synthesis of nucleoridesthe basicunits thatare requiredto builda DNA.53he wasimmensely interestedin andexceedingly curiousaboutit,hewas determined tospecialize in theDNA/RNA synthesisby thephosphotriester method.Robertos strongchemistry backgroundpaved theway fora historicalinvention.And hismarvelous researchattheUniversity spokevolumes.With Genetechfunding Dr.Creas on-going researchon genesynthesis,Crea inventedanewprocedure thatstreamlinedthe chemicalsynthesisofoligonucleotides andsynthetic genes.His profoundknowledge,along with thecollaboration ofthe excellentGenetech team,utilized thisdiscovery toproduce thehuman insulingenes.It washisinvention thatallowed Genentech54label asthefirstproducer ofhuman protein.This wasmade fromtherapeutic interestinbacteria forthe benefitof hundredsof millionsofpeople55suffer fromdiabetes allover theworld.胰岛素;His effortsdid notcease56discovering thesynthetic insulinin fact,hewasmore thandriven andstrived tomakemore contributionstothefield ofbiotechnology.In1982,Roberto switchedroles slightlyto becomea scientistentrepreneurand launchedhis company,Creative BioMolecules.This venture57initial functionedas aservice companybutlater beganproducing therapeuticprotein substances.Another notablecontribution tothe medicineindustry wasthe life-changing discoveryof ziconotide,which58take placewhen Robertoserved asthe scientificdirector atNeurex.His teamof expertsin neurosciencediscoveredthis drugunder histeachings andguidance.According toleading scientistsand researchers,this drugis morepowerful and effective than morphine,apowerfuldrug usedto reducepain,and59good partof thisis thatit haszeroside-effects.Established asone ofthe greatestresearchers andscientists Americahas everknown,Dr.Roberto Creacanbelookedup toas anidol inBiotechnology andan inspirationfor manyindividuals60dream ofaddingvalue tohumanity with the helpof scienceis deeplyrooted.【答案】
51.Who##Whoever
52.Having graduated
53.Because
54.to be labelled
55.suffering
56.after
57.initially
58.took
59.thebest
60.whose【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章介绍了生物医学领域著名的博士，他成功合成胰岛素，并发现RobertoCrea了齐考诺肽，让广大人群受益题详解】[51考查主语从句句意完全符合上述内容的人值得崇拜分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作主句的主语，从句中缺少主语，且指的是人，需用连接代词或者任何人，空处位于句首，单词位于句首,首字母who whoever需大写故填Who/Whoever【题详解】52考查非谓语动词句意从意大利帕维亚大学毕业后，他搬到荷兰攻读专业，最后进入莱顿大学，在那里他研究核甘酸的合成，这是构建所需的基本单位分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，作DNA句子的时间状语，表示“从意大利帕维亚大学毕业后”，且强调毕业的完成，需用现在分词的完成式graduate空处位于句首，首字母需大写故填having graduated,having Havinggraduated【题详解】53考查连词句意由于他对此非常感兴趣和好奇，他决心专攻用磷酸三酯法合成分析句子可知，DNA/RNAo he…为主句，空处需引导从句，结合句意可知，从句是主句的直接原因，应用来引导原因wasdeterminedbecause状语从句，意为“因为”，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写故填because Because【题详解】54考查非谓语动词句意正是他的发明使基因泰克公司被称为第一家人类蛋白质生产商根据allowed可知，此处用固定短语意为“允许做”，空处需用不定式的形Genentech”allow sb./sth.todosth.,式，且和之间是被动关系，需用的不定式的被动形式故填label Genentechlabel to belabelledto belabelledo o题详解】[55考查非谓语动词句意对细菌治疗的兴趣使这成真，令全世界数亿糖尿病患者受益分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，作的后置定语，应用的现在分词形式故填【people suffersuffering suffering56o题详解】考查介词句意在发现合成胰岛素后，他的努力并没有停止结合语句意可知，此处表达时间的先后概念，没有停止努力在发现合成胰岛素之后，空处应用介词意为“在……之后故填after,after【题详解】57考查副词句意这家企业最初是一家服务公司，但后来开始生产治疗性蛋白质物质分析句子可知，空处作时间状语，表达“一开始”，和呼应，应用的副词形式故填later initialinitially initially题详解】[58考查时态句意对医药行业的另一个显著贡献是改变生活的齐考诺肽的发现，当时担任的科Roberto Neurex学主任分析句子可知，空处作非限制性定语从句的谓语，时态和主句一致，为一般过去时，应用的过去take式故填took took【题详解】59考查形容词最高级句意据前沿的科学家和研究人员称，这种药物比吗啡更强大、更有效，吗啡是一种用于减轻疼痛的强效药物，最棒的是它没有副作用根据u morepowerfulandeffectivethanmorphine,,可推知，此处想表达这种药物最好的一点是无副作用，空处应用的最高级形式故填good thebesto thebesto【题详解】60考查定语从句句意作为美国有史以来最伟大的研究人员和科学家之一，博士可以被视为生物技RobertoCrea术领域的偶像，激励着许多内心深植通过科学的帮助为人类贡献价值的梦想的人分析句子可知，空处需引导定语从句修饰先行词先行词在从句中是的定语，空处表达“那些人的”，应用关系代词individuals,dream whoseo故填whoseoV.Summary WritinglOReadthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassage
61.Directions:in nomore than60words.Use yourown wordsas faras possible.How TechnologyCan HelpSchools inPoor Countries“Books willsoon disappearin schools“Thomas Edisonpredicted in
1913.Each newwaveofinformation一一technology radio,television,computershascaused similarpredictions.Like teachers,digital-educational technologycomes inmany forms.But,used properly,it nowdeserves more重要性一prominence inschools especiallyin poor countries wherehuman teachersare oftenignorant,absent orboth.According toa recentWorld Bankstudy ofseven sub-Saharan Africancountries,half ofnine-year-olds cannotread asimpleword andthree-quarters cannotread asimple sentence.The reasonis terribleteaching.The samestudy foundthatonly7%of teachershad theminimum knowledgeneeded toteach readingand writingeffectively.When classroomswereinspected to see whethera teacherwas present,half thetime theanswer wasno.Poor governmentsoften lackthe meanstocheck on teachers in distant villages.Several recentstudies suggestdigital-educational techcan help.Some ofthe scarceresources could be betterspent ondigital-educational tech.That doesnot meandumping computerson schoolsin thehope thatchildren willunderstand howtouse them.Instead,it meansproviding schoolswith softwarechildren canuse withminimal helpfrom anadult,that sendsteachersinstructions aboutwhat they are supposedto beteaching andthat allowsthe authoritiesto checkon whethertheteacher isin theclassroom.Some maywonder whetherthe poorestplaces havethe necessaryinfrastructure.However,where thegrid isnotavailable,solar chargerscan work.Schools donot needinternet access.Devices canbe takento where there is a connectionto upload or download the necessary information.Cost doesnot haveto bea hugeproblem either.To some,one ofthe mostsuccessfulschemes,costs around$4per childper yearin Kenya,where itis beingrolled outacross publicprimary schools.【答案］One possibleversion:Digital educational technology can help improveeducation inpoor countriesin lackof qualifiedteachers andeffectivesupervision.Scarce resources could be better exploitedby offeringschools softwarefriendly tochildren,teachers,and the authorities.Even ifthere isno necessaryinfrastructure,the technology can comeinto effectby availablesolarchargers,workable informationtransmission and low costs.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章认为在贫困国家得当地使用数字教育技术可以改善当地的教育，这些国家的教师往往无法胜任教学工作，相关当局也无法管理教师日常的教学，而利用数字教学技术，学校可以得到软件方面的支持，便于儿童使用、教师教学和当局监管基础设施的问题可以通过太阳能充电器、可移动的信息传输设备解决，该计划的成本也比较低【详解】要点摘录1
①The reasonis terribleteaching.
②Poor governmentsoften lackthe meansto checkonteachersindistantvillages.©Several recentstudies suggestdigital-educational techcanhelp.
④Some ofthe scarceresourcescould bebetterspent ondigital-educationaltech.
⑤Instead,it meansproviding schoolswith softwarechildren canuse withminimal helpfrom anadult,that sendsteachersinstructions aboutwhat they are supposedto beteaching andthat allowstheauthoritiesto checkon whetherthe teacherisin theclassroom.
⑥Some maywonder whetherthe poorestplaces havethe necessaryinfrastructure.©However,wherethegrid isnot available,solar chargerscan work.©Devices canbe takento wherethere is a connectiontouploadordownloadthenecessaryinformation.
⑨Cost doesnothaveto bea hugeproblem either.缜密构思
2.将第、、三个要点进行整合，将第、两个要点进行整合，将第、、、四个要点进行重组123456789遣词造句
3.Digital educationaltechnologycanhelp improveeducation inpoorcountriesin lackof qualifiedteachers andeffectivesupervision.Scarce resourcescouldbebetter exploitedby offeringschools softwarefriendly tochildren,teachers,andtheauthorities.Even ifthere isno necessaryinfrastructure,the technologycan comeinto effectby availablesolar chargers,workableinformation transmission andlow costs.［点睛】［高分句型11Scarce resourcescouldbebetter exploitedby offeringschools softwarefriendly tochildren,（运用了动名词短语作的宾语，动名词短语概括了第个要点，简洁明了）[高分teachers,andtheauthorities.by5句型2]Even ifthere isno necessaryinfrastructure,the technologycan comeinto effectby availablesolar chargers,（运用了引导的让步状语从句，与主句的语义衔接更为自workable informationtransmissionandlowcosts.even if然）（）VI.Translation3+3+4+5=15Directions:Translate thefollowing sentencesinto English,using the words givenin thebrackets.
62.近十年，旅游业迅猛发展，这对青藏高原的生物多样性已经产生了不良影响（impact）（汉译英）【答案】In thepast decade,the rapiddevelopment oftourism hashadanegative impactonthe biodiversity oftheQinghai-Tibet Plateau.【解析】【详解】考查名词和谓语动词根据句意，表示“近十年”应为作时间状语，位于句首时，inthepast decade介词in首字母需大写，表示“旅游业的迅猛发展”应为名词短语作主语，译为the rapiddevelopment oftourism；表示“对有不良影响”为固定短语根据时间状状语have anegative impacton...,“inthe可知，该句应为现在完成时态，且主语为第三人称单数，表示主动意义，所以应译为past decade”hashad anegativeimpacton；表示“青藏高原的生物多样性”应译为thebiodiversity oftheQinghai-Tibet Plateau介词on的宾语故翻译为In thepast decade,the rapiddevelopment oftourism hashadanegative impactonthebiodiversityoftheQinghai-Tibet Plateau.o
63.时近傍晚，附近村民纷纷施以援手，加快正在进行的救援（reach）（汉译英）【答案】As theevening approached,nearby villagersbegan toreach out to speed up theongoing rescue.【解析】【详解】考查as引导时间状语从句“时近傍晚”可用as引导时间状语从句，表达为astheevening approached；“附近的村民“表达为nearby villagers；“施以援手”根据所给词可知，表达为reach out；“加速”表达为speedup；“正在进行的救援”表达为the ongoingrescue根据句意可知，“附近村民纷纷施以援手，加快正在进行的救援”可用动词不定式作目的状语，表达为to donearby villagersbegan toreach outto speed此处陈述过去发生的事情，故引用一般过去时,故翻译为:up theongoing rescue,As theevening approached,nearbyvillagers begantoreachouttospeeduptheongoingrescue.
64.他退休已经八年了，可热心公益的他总是闲不住，三天两头去参加街头善款募集（h）（汉译英）【答案】Ifs beeneight yearssince heretired,but heis acivic-minded manwho cantsit still,going tostreet fundraisersevery two or three days.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句表示“……已经多久了”应用句型让班一段时间+班慎；表示“退1^5600休”应用retire；表示“热心公益”应用形容词civic-minded,作定语修饰man,后跟who引导的定语从句；表示“闲不住”应用can*sitstill；表示“三天两头去参加街头善款募集”应用现在分词短语going tostreet fundraisersevery作状语故番现译为two orthree days,Ifs beeneight yearssince heretired,but heisacivic-minded manwho cantsitstill,goingtostreet fundraiserseverytwoorthreedays.面对沪语的日渐式微，当代青少年倾向于选择新媒体而非传统传播渠道，来履行保护地方语言和传承海派
65.文化的责任（lean）（汉译英）【答案】With thegradual declineof Shanghaidialect,contemporaty teenagerslean tonew mediarather than traditionalcommunication channelsto fulfill their responsibilitiesof protectinglocal languageand inheritingShanghai culture.【解析】【详解】考查With的复合结构和动词不定式“沪语”表达为Shanghaidialect；“日渐式微”表达为the gradualdeclineof...；“当代青少年”表达为contemporaryteenagers；“倾向于”根据所给词，表达为leanto；“新媒体”表达为newmedia；“而非”表达为ratherthan；传统传播渠道”表达为traditional communicationchannels；”履行的责任”表达为fulfilltheresponsibility ofdoing...；“保护地方语言”表达为protect locallanguage；传承海派文化”表达为inherit Shanghaiculture根据句意可知，“面对沪语的日渐式微”可用“with+名词短语”作状语，表达为With thegradual declineof Shanghaidialect；“当代青少年倾向于选择新媒体而非传统传播渠道”为主句,表达为contemporaty teenagerslean tonew mediarather thantraditionalcommunicationchannels；来履行保护地方语言和传承海派文化的责任”可用动词不定式彳乍目的状语，表达为且此句陈述客观事实，故to fulfilltheir responsibilitiesof protectinglocal languageand inheritingShanghai culture,应用一般现在时，故翻译为With thegradual declineof Shanghaidialect,contemporaty teenagerslean tonew mediaratherthantraditionalcommunication channelsto fulfilltheir responsibilitiesof protectinglocal languageand inheritingShanghaicultureo（）VIL GuidedWriting25,WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelow.
66.Directions:你的网友李华，上海风华中学高二的一名学生，了解到在一些偏远地区的学校，外语类书籍和资料十分匮乏，于是想帮助那里的学生，又不知如何帮得上忙你了解到他的苦恼后，决定写一封邮件，为他提供一些切实可行的建议【答案】Dear LiHua,Learing about the factthat youare upsetabout thephenomenon thatthe schoolsintheremote villageare lackinginbooks andmaterials relatedto English learning,I hastento writeto offersome practicaladvice.First,contacting somepublic serviceorganizations ormedia tocall onpeopletodonate booksfor themisa good choice.Because theyare widelyinfluential and they willresult in more donations.In addition,nothing isbetter thancooperatingwith some urban schools to carry outthe cooperation of library,which means remote schools have a chanceto reuse thebooksthat urbanschools nolonger need.Finally,if itconveneient foryou,you canbuy somebooks onEnglishlearningforthem withyou luckymoney orsavings.A littlehelp canalso makea bigdifference.I sincerelyhope thatmy suggestionsareof helpto you.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文要求学生就如何解决在一些偏远地区的学校，外语类书籍和资料十分匮乏这一问题提出可行的建议【详解】.词汇积累1与相关related torelevantto/in connectionwith带来result inbringabout/lead to而且in addition—additionally/whats more/furthermore照顾care for-tend to/look after.句式拓展2同义句转化原句Because theyare widelyinfluential andthey willresult inmore donations.拓展句Widely influential,they willresult inmore donations.【点睛】【高分句型】1In addition,nothing isbetter thancooperating with someurbanschoolstocarryoutthecooperationoflibrary,which（运用了弓|导非限meansremoteschoolshaveachancetoreusethe booksthat urbanschools nolonger need.which制性定语从句）【高分句型】2Learing about the factthat youare upsetaboutthephenomenon thatthe schoolsintheremote villageare lackof booksand（运用了过去分词materials relatedto Englishlearning,I hastento writeto offersome practicaladvice.asauniversalneed fora healthycivilization.A.advance B.empathize C.elevate D.approve【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析句意道德美德和智力美德都是值得人类追求的，但一些学者将前者提升为健康文明的普遍需求（使）前进；强调；提升；同意根据A.advance B.empathize C.elevate D.approve可知，前面是将两种美德放在同样的高度上，形成语义的转折，表明这两种美德之间存在高Both...and...but度上的差异，道德美德上升到更为重要的层面上，“提升”更符合句意故选项elevate C
4.Launching asugar plantationtook agreat dealof capitalandtheplanters werealways shortof money,though mostofthem feltthey tothemselves tolive ina gentlemanlyway.A.owed muchB.owed C.were owingD.owed it【答案】D【解析】【详解考查句意开办甘蔗种植园需要大量的资金，种植者也总是缺少资金，尽管他们认为自己有必要以一种绅士的方式生活根据句意可知，此处意为“认为自己有必要做某事”，表达为故owe itto oneselftodosth.,选D
5.In thislife,we canand leteach day slip past us,or wecan takecontrol ofourlifeand makea difference.A.stand thetest oftime B.keep upwiththetimes C.go withthe flowD.go againstthe current【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析句意在这一生中，我们可以随波逐流，让每一天从我们身边溜走，或者我们可以掌控自己的生活，让生活有所不同经历时间的考验；跟A.stand thetest oftime B.keep upwiththetimes上时代；随波逐流;不随波逐流根据C.go withthe flowD.go againstthe currentand leteach作状语）可知，我们可以随波逐流，让每一天从我们身边溜走故选dayslippastus,C
6.As acompanyin networkingdevices,immense significanceshouldbeattached tostorage andtheability tomanage it,which isa philosophythat iswithourcustomers verywell.A.specializing;resonating B.specialized;con-espondingC.specializing:identifying D.specialized;integrating【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析句意作为一家专门从事网络设备的公司，存储和管理存储的能力应该是非常重要的，这是一种与我们的客户产生共鸣的理念专门从事；共鸣;A.specializing resonatingB.专门从事；相一致；专门从事；辨别；专门从事；specialized correspondingC.specializing identifyingD.specialized整合分析句子结构可知，第一空为非谓语动词作定语，与名词之间为主动关系，integrating specializeacompany所以使用现在分词形式；第二空与构成定语从句的谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示“与……产生共鸣”应为is与主语指代的先行词之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式故选项resonate,that philosophyA
7.Much recentwork ingender equalityhasthe claim thatwomen encounterincreasing obstaclesto menas theymove upthe organizational ladderin business.A.tested;related B.objected;relative C.examined;relative D.questioned;related【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析句意最近的很多研究都调查了这样一种说法在企业中，女性在晋升过程中遇到的障碍相对于男性会越来越多测试；相关的；发对；A.tested relatedB.objected relative相比较而言的；调查；相比较而言的；质问；相关的由可知，C.examined relativeD.questioned related“theclaim”此处表示“最近的很多研究都调查了这样一种说法”，第一空意为“调查”，是examined；由“tomen”可知，此处表示“和男性相比较而言”，因此第二空意为“相比较而言”，是故选relative oC
8.Leaders oftenhave multipleagendas that.For example,they needto considera particularspeechis intendedto persuadeuncommitted votersor attractfavorable mediacoverage.A.beg thequestion;whether B.are worththe effort;howC pull in different directions;whether D.go togreat lengths;how【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查短语词义辨析和宾语从句的连接词句意领导总是有很多目标迥异的议程比如说，他们需要考虑一个特定的演讲是为了说服尚未表态的选民还是为了吸引有利的媒体报道回避问题实A.beg thequestion质；值得努力的；目标迥异；不遗余力根B.are worththe effortC.pull indifferentdirectionsD.go togreat lengths据句意可知，空1此处意为“朝着不同方向的“，故应用短语pullindifferent directionso空2根据句意和后文的可知，此处为结构，故应用是否引导宾语从句故选or whether…or…whether C
9.Not everyleisured aristocratbecomes demoralized.The emperorHirohito,instead ofa decadentlife,wasdevoted tomarine biology,a fieldhe becamedistinguished.A.slipping into;in whichB.getting holdof;thatC.getting inthewayof;where D.slipping in;of which【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析和定语从句句意并非所有的闲贵族都会变得意志消沉例如天皇Hirohito就没有沉湎于颓废的生活，而是投身于海洋生物学，并取得了成就根据句意可知，空1此处意为“沉湎于，陷入”，故应用短语slipinto；空2此处引导定语从句，先行词为field,在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where/in which引导故选A
10.Getting backinto exercisecanbea challengeinthebest oftimes,but withgyms andexercise classesoff-limits tomanypeopleduetothe pandemic,it canbe toknow where to start.A.personalized;arduous B.interpersonal;slipperyC.personal;disturbing D.in-person;tricky【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意如何在最好的时间重新开始训练可能是一个挑战，但是这段时间因为新冠的关系健身房和当面的训练课限制人数，到底从哪里开始训练就比较棘手了第一空针对个人A.personalized的；B.interpersonal人际的；C.personal个人的；D.in-person当面的此处表示“面对面的锻炼课程”应用in-person；第二空A.arduous困难的;B.slippery打滑的；C.disturbing烦人的;D.tricky棘手的根据后文uto knowwheretostart.v可知很棘手，故选DSection BCompletethefollowing passagebyusingthe wordsinthebox.Each wordcanonly beusedDirections:once.Note thatthere isone wordmore thanyou need.How toget usedto gender-neutral languageA.relate B.addressed C.constant D.filter E.trickier F.switchG.evolving H.inclusive I.apply J.sustaining K.preferredGender isa hugepartoflife.It affectseverything.The worldisinan11stateofchange,and sois ourunderstandingof gender.Therefore,its importanttomakesure theway wespeak andrefer topeople helpsto legitimiseand supportthatchange.In accordancewiththechange,a teamatthelanguage learningapp Babbelhas developeda guideongender-neutral language,tohelpus incorporateit intoour everydayspeech.Unlike genderedlanguage,gender-neutrallanguage will12to anyoneand everyone.But movingtowards gender-neutral languagerequires consciousthought andeffort.Though someEnglish wordsarealready gender-neutral,which makesit fairlyeasy touse them,things get13when wecome topronouns.Gender isa hugefactor whenwe talkabout people.To saveourselves repeatingpeoples names,we14to pronounslikeheorshe.This canmake itvery difficultto describepeopleina neutralmanner,particularly iftheyarenon-binaryor prefertobereferred tointheneutral.Today,people increasinglyopt fbrthe theypronoun.This islogical sincewetend touse thislanguage anywayif wedont knowthe genderof someonewere talkingabout.Some peoplemay overlooktheseconcerns astrivial,but wesimply mustbe awareofthediscussion.More oftenthan not,we considerlanguage astheprimary15through whichwe perceivetheworld.Therefore,it obviouslyaffects howwe16to andmake judgementaboutothers.Part ofany attemptto createa societyin whichall peoplehave equalopportunities andfreedoms istouselanguagethat nolonger excludescertain groupsor createsunconscious bias.On topofthis,people dohavearight todictate how-一theyare17especially ifitis tiedto theiridentity.Understanding gender-neutral pronounsand wordsis extremelyimportant;in orderto recognize,respect andsupport non-binary peopleand tobe
18.Mostly,its importanttobemindful ofnew or19gender-neutral termsas andwhen theybegin toarise.For example,inmorerecent years,thewordactor has been usedin placeof actress.Similarly,flight attendanthas been20to stewardessforquite sometime.We nowincreasingly sectitles thatonce endedin-man,-ress and-ette fallingoutofuse infavour ofgender-neutral variants.People ofall gendersdo thesame jobs,andtheydo themequally well.Its wonderfultoseethatour languageis reflectingthat.Over timewe mightsee thegender-neutral termsbecome thenorm withthe majorityof thelanguagewe utilise.【答案】
11.C
12.
113.E
14.F
15.D
16.A
17.B
18.H
19.G
20.K【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了如何习惯中性语言以及语言对关系的影响【题详解】11考查形容词句意世界处于不断变化的状态，我们对性别的理解也是如此作定语修饰结合句意表示“不state,断”应用形容词故填故选constant constantC【题详解】12考查动词句意与性别语言不同，中性语言适用于任何人和所有人作谓语，表示“应用于”应用故apply too填故选apply I【题详解】13考查形容词句意虽然一些英语单词已经是中性的，这使得使用它们相当容易，但当我们谈到代词时，事情就变得更棘手了作表语，表示“更棘手”应用形容词比较级故填故选trickier trickierE【题详解】14考查动词句意为了避免重复别人的名字，我们会改用“他”或“她”这样的代词作谓语，表示“改变”应用动词陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为谓语用原形故填故选switch,we,switch F【题详解】15考查名词句意通常情况下，我们认为语言是我们感知世界的主要过滤器作宾语，结合句意表示“过滤器”应用名词此处为特指应用单数故填故选filter,filter D题详解】36考查动词句意因此，它显然会影响我们与他人的关系和对他人的判断作谓语，结合句意表示“与他人的关系”可知短语为故填故选relate torelate Ao【题详解】17考查动词句意最重要的是，人们确实有权决定如何称呼他们一一特别是如果这与他们的身份有关作谓语，结合句意表示“称呼”应用动词与主语构成被动关系，结合可知为一般现在时的被动语态，故填address,are故选addressedo B【题详解】18考查形容词句意理解中性代词和单词是非常重要的；为了承认，尊重和支持非二元性的人，并具有包容性作表语，结合句意表示“包容性”应用形容词故填故选inclusive inclusiveH【题详解】19考查非谓语动词句意大多数情况下，重要的是要注意新的或正在发展的中性术语，当它们开始出现时结合句意表示“正在发展”应用作定语，故填故选evolving,evolving G【题详解】20考查动词句意同样，在相当长的一段时间里，一直比更受欢迎作谓语，表示“受flight attendantstewardess欢迎”应用动词结合上文可知为现在完成时的被动语态故填故选prefer,has beenpreferredKoIII.Reading Comprehension45,Section ADirections:For each blank inthefollowingpassage therearefourwords orphrases markedA,B.Cand D.Fill ineachblankwiththeword orphrase thatbest fitsthecontext.Many ofthe worldsmost brilliantscientific mindswere alsofantastically weird.From Pythagorasoutrightban onbeansto BenjaminFranklins nakedair baths\the pathto greatnessis pavedwithsometruly21habits.Scientists areincreasinglyrealizing thatintelligence isless aboutgenetic luckthan wetendtothink.According tothe latestreview oftheevidence,around40%of whatdistinguishes the brainiacs fromthe blockheadsin adulthoodis
22.Like itor not,ourdaily habitshaveapowerful influenceon ourbrains,shaping theirstructure andchangingthewaywe think.Of allhistorys greatminds,arguably themaster ofcombining geniuswith unusualhabits wasAlbert Einstein.Sowhat betterperson tostudy forclues to23behaviors totry ourselvesCould therebe anybenefits infollowing Einsteinssleep,diet,and even24choicesGOOD SLEEPItscommonknowledgethatsleepis goodfor yourbrain,and Einsteintook thisadvice moreseriously thanmost.Hereportedly sleptfor atleast10hours perday.But canyou reallysleep yourway toa25mindMany ofthe mostradical breakthroughsin humanhistory,including theperiodic tableand Einsteinstheory ofspecialrelativity,have supposedlyoccurred whiletheir discovererwas
26.ThelattercametoEinstein whilehewas dreamingabout cowsbeing electrocuted.DAILY WALKBesides,Einsteins dailywalk wassacred tohim.While hewas workingat PrincetonUniversity,New Jersey,hedwalk themile anda halfjourney thereand back.He followedinthefootsteps ofother27walkers,including Darwin,whowent forthree45minute walksevery day.These shortwalks werentjust fbr
28.Theres plentyof evidencethat walkingcan boostmemory,creativity andproblem-solving.EATING SPAGHETTISowhat dogeniuses eatAlas,its notclear what29Einsteins extraordinarymind,thoughtheInternet somewhatdubiouslyclaims itwasspaghetti.Its wellknown thatthebrainisafbod-guzzling greedyguts,consuming20%ofthebodys energythough itonly302%of itsweight.Just likethe restofthebody,thebrainpreferstosnack onsimple sugars,whichcan givethebrainavaluableboost,but unfortunatelythis doesntmean eatingspaghetti3j isagoodidea.NO SOCKSNolist ofEinsteins eccentricitieswouldbecomplete withouta mentionof his32of socks.WhenI wasyoung Jhe wroteinaletter tohis cousin-and later,wife-Elsa,I foundoutthatthebigtoealwaysendsupmaking aholeinasock.So Istopped wearingsocks.”33,therehaventbeen anystudies lookingdirectly atthe impactof goingsockless,but changinginto casualclothing,34a moreformal outfit,hasbeenlinked topoor performanceon testsof abstractthinking..Curiosity hasits ownreason fbrexisting,“he toldLIFE magazinein
1955.35B.crucial C.peculiar D.particular
21.A.beneficialB.cultural C.cognitive D.genetic
22.A.environmentalB.life-shaping C.health-promoting D.mind-enhancing
23.A.self-regulatingB.career C.life D.education
24.A.fashionB.sharper C.more consciousD.more conscientious
25.A.strongerB.distracted C.confused D.disturbed
26.A.unconsciousB.resourceful C.deliberate D.devoted
27.A.unnoticedB.passion C.breakthroughs D.clarity
28.A.fitnessB.fueled C.enriched D.advanced
29.A.constitutedB.makes upfor C.consists ofD.adds upto
30.A.accounts forD.more oftenthan not
31.A.every onceinawhile B.to yourhearts contentC.to someextentD.discretion
32.A.discrimination B.disobedience C.dislike
33.A.Regrettably B.Alternatively C.Fortunately D.Consequently
34.A.accompanied byB.coupled withC.inlinewith D.as opposedto
35.A.chasing B.believing C.persevering D.questioning【答案】
21.C
22.A
23.D
24.A
25.B
26.A
27.D
28.A
29.B
30.A
31.B
32.C
33.A
34.D
35.DAnd whatbetter wayto endthat withsome advicefromtheman himself.The importantthing isnottostop【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文主要以爱因斯坦为例，说明日常习惯对大脑有着强大的影响，塑造了它们的结构，改变了我们的思维方式【题详解】21考查形容词词义辨析句意从完全禁止信徒食用豆子的毕达哥拉斯到进行裸体“空气浴”Pythagoras,。
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