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上海市静安区届高三英语二模考试试题(含解析)2019考生注意
1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分140分
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上I ListeningComprehensionSection ADirections:In SectionA,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At the end ofeach conversation,a questionwill be asked aboutwhat wassaid.The conversationsand the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear aconversation and the questionabout it.read thefour possibleanswers onyour paper,and decidewhich oneis the best answerto the questionyou haveheard.A.Because the gas station is waitingfor thefuel priceadjustment.B.Because there s nogas leftat thegas stationright now.C.Because thegas stationis checkingand repairingthe equipmentnow.D.Because thequality of thegasin thestationisterrible.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.5dollars B.6dollars C.7dollars D.11dollars【答案】B【解析】【分析】【30题详解】考查非谓语动词动名词前面的turn to的to是介词,后面接动名词形式bet onsth,主动结构句意许多年轻的设计师把赌注押在有前途的新星身上,希望这些新星声名鹊起之后自己也一夜成名故填bettingSection B.Directions:Fill ineach blankwith aproper wordchosen from the box.Each wordcan be usedonly once.Note that there isone wordmore thanyou need.For severaldecades,various typesof artificialintelligence keptshocking the world.Robots could31people inhighly competitivegames and then quicklydestroyed theirhumancompetitors.AI longago masteredchess,the Chineseboard gameGo and even theRubiks cube,whichit managedto solvein just
0.38second.Now machineshave anew gamethat willallow themto32humans:Jenga,the populargamein whichplayers33remove piecesfrom anincreasingly unstabletower of54blocks,placingeach oneon topuntil theentire structurewould
34.A newlyreleased videofrom MITshows arobot developedby theschool sengineers playingthegame withsurprising accuracy.The machineis equippedwith asoft gripper(夹子),aforce-sensing wristand anexternal camera,allowing the robot todetect thetowers35theway a human might doUnlike inpurely recognitivetasks orgames such as chessor Go,playing thegame ofJengaalso requiresmastery ofphysical actssuch aspushing,pulling,placing,and arrangingpieces.It must36interactive physicaloperation,where you have totouch thetower to learn howandwhen tomove blocks.Imitating it is ratherdifficult,so the robot hastolearnin the real world,by workingwith the realJenga tower.Recently,a relevantresearch waspublished in the journalScienceRobotics.Researchers saythe robotdemonstrates thatmachines canlearn howto performcertaintasks throughactual touchinginstead ofrelying heavilyon visual37,That physical38is significant,researcherssay,because itprovides furtherproof thatrobots can beused to perform39tasks,such asseparatingrecyclable objectsfrom landfilltrash andassembling consumerproducts.In acellphone assemblyline,the fellingof anycomponent iscoming fromforce andtouchrather thanvision.To becomean accomplishedJenga player,the robotdid notrequire asmuchrepetitive practiceas youmight imagine.Hoping to avoid reconstructinga Jengatowerthousands oftimes,researchers developeda methodthat allowedtherobotto betrained onabout300games.Researchers saytherobothas alreadybegun facingoff againsthumans,whoremain40players一for now.【答案】
31.I.
32.D
33.B
34.K
35.E
36.A
37.J
38.F
39.C
40.G【解析】本文是一篇科技类短文阅读人工智能的发展一直震惊着世界,研究人员现已开发新的机器人,可以通过实际训练来学习如何执行任务【31题详解】考查动词句意机器人可以在竞争激烈的游戏中遇到人类,然后迅速消灭人类对手动词encounter遇到,could后面选动词原形故选I[32题详解】考查动词句意现在,机器有了一个新游戏,它们可以使人类羞愧动词shame使羞愧,allow sbto dosth.允许某人做某事,故此处填动词原形故选D【33题详解】考查副词句意玩家从一个由54块积木组成的越来越不稳定的塔上战略性地移走棋子,把每一块积木放在塔顶,直到整个结构倒塌副词strategically战略上,修饰动词用副词,选项只有一个副词,句意适当故选B【34题详解】考查动词句意玩家从一个由54块积木组成的越来越不稳定的塔上战略性地移走棋子,把每一块积木放在塔顶,直到整个结构倒塌动词collapse倒塌,would后面选动词原形故选K【35题详解】考查名词句意允许机器人探测塔的薄弱之处名词weaknesses薄弱,用名词作宾语,故选Eo【36题详解】考查动词句意层层叠游戏要涉及人机互动动词involve涉及,must后面用动词原形故选Ao【37题详解】考查名词句意研究人员说,机器人证明,机器可以通过实际的触摸来学习如何执行某些任务,而不是严重依赖视觉线索名词clues线索,形容词visual后接名词故选J【38题详解】考查名词句意物理的敏感性很重要名词sensitivity敏感,作主语,而且是单数故选Fo[39题详解】考查形容词句意机器人可用于执行精细的任务后面有例子,例如从垃圾填埋场的垃圾中分离可回收的物品,以及组装消费品,这些是精细的任务形容词delicate精细的,修饰名词taskso故选Co【40题详解】考查形容词句意机器人开始挑战目前更胜一筹的人类形容词superior更胜一筹的,修饰名词players故选GIII.Reading ComprehensionSectionA(15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are fourwords orphrases markedA,B,C andD.Fill ineach blankwith theword ofphrase thatbest fits the context.From thenation,s earliestdays,farming hasheld acrucial placein theAmerican economyandculture.Farmers playan importantrole in any society,of course,since theyfeed people.But farminghas beenparticularly41in theUnited Stateswith intensifiedattention fromciviliansand governmentas well.Early in the nationslife,farmers wereseen asexemplifying economic42suchashardwork,perseverance,and self-sufficiency.Moreover,many Americans,particularly immigrantswhomay have never heldany landin the country,found thatowning afarm wasthe43to entertheAmerican economicsystem.They wereimmediately playinga partin thecountry seconomy.The Americanfarmer hasgenerally beenquite successfulat producingfood.Indeed,sometimes hissuccess hascreated hisbiggest problem:the agriculturalsector hassufferedperiodic explosionsof overproductionthat have44prices.When thegovernment haveto stepinand45the worstof theseevents.American farmersowe theirability toproduce largeyields toa number of factors.Forone thing,they workunder46natural conditions.The AmericanMidwest hassome of the richestsoilin theworld.Rainfall is47over mostareas of thecountry;rivers andunderground waterpermitextensive irrigationwhere it is not.Increasing useof high-quality48also havecontributed to the successof Americanagriculture.It isnot unusualto seetodays farmers49plows orharvesters.One farmercanmanage largelands offarms.Fertilizers andpesticides arecommonly usedalthough someenvironmentalists50it.Computers trackfarm operations,andeven51technology isutilizedto findthebestplacesto plantand fertilizecrops.US agricultureis amongthe mostadvanced in theworld.Farmers stillfight withforces beyondtheir control,
52.Despite itsgenerally benignweather,North Americaalso experiencesfrequent floodsand droughts.Changes in the weathergiveagriculture itsown economiccycles,often53the generaleconomy.When negativefactors hitfarmers,calls forgovernment assistanceareparticularly intense.In the1930s,for instance,bad weather,and the Great Depressioncombinedto pushfarms overthe edgeinto an54situation.The governmentresponded with55agricultural reforms-most notably,a systemof pricesupports,whose significancetowardthe large-scale campaignlasted formany years.
41.A.valued B.accessed C.implemented D.illustrated
42.A.regulations B.virtues C.obligations D.requirementsB.implicationC.reward D.
43.A.shortcutsubstituteB.margined
44.A.maintainedC.depressed D.refundedC.come upwith D.smooth
45.A.take overout B.cover upfor
46.A.varied
47.A.moderate B.favorableC.extreme D.visibleC.timely D.acid
48.A.labor B.predictableC.chemical D.landscapeB.investment
49.A.complicatedC.accessible D.executiveB.flexible
50.A.criticize
51.A.medicalB.recall C.evaluate D.identifyC.space D.process
52.A.for exampleB.mobileC.however D.additionallyB.in all
53.A.subject totoC.reduced toD.applied
54.A.vagueB.unrelated to
55.A.strugglingpermanentC.isolated D.feasibleB.desperateC.sweeping D.B.traditional
45.D
46.B
47.A
48.A
49.【答案】
41.A
42.B
43.A
44.CA
50.A
51.C
52.C
53.B
54.B
55.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍农业在美国经济和文化中占据着至关重要的地位,以及在20世纪30年代由于恶劣的天气和经济危机,美国政府对农业进行的全面改革【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析A.valued重视;B.accessed进入;C.implemented实施;D.illustrated说明但农业在美国受到了特别重视选A【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析A.regulations规则;B.virtues美德;C.obligations义务;D.requirements要求在这个国家的早期,农民被视为努力工作、坚持不懈和自给自足等经济美德的典范故选B[43题详解】考查名词词义辨析A.shortcut捷径;B.implication牵连;C.reward报酬;D.substitute代用品许多美国人,尤其是那些可能从未在自己国家拥有任何土地的移民,发现拥有农场是进入美国经济体系的捷径故选A【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析A.maintained维持;B.margined为付保证金;C.depressed降低;D.refunded偿还根据上文“the agriculturalindustry hassuffered…”可知,农业部门遭受了周期性的生产过剩的爆发,从而压低了价格故选C【45题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析A.take over接管;B.cover upfor包庇;C.come upwith提出;D.smooth out缓解;消除政府不得不介入并平息这些最糟糕的事件故选D[46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析A.varied各种各样;B.favorable良好的;C.extreme极端的;D.visible可见的农民在良好的自然环境下工作故选B[47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析A.moderate适当的;B.predictable可预测的;C.timely及时的;D.acid酸的全国大部分地区降雨量适中故选A【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析A.labor劳动力;B.investment投资;C.chemical化学物;D.landscape风景越来越多地使用高质量的劳动力也为美国农业的成功做出了贡献故选A[49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析A.complicated复杂的;B.flexible灵活的;C.accessible可得到的;D.executive行政的今天的农民使用复杂的犁或收割机并不罕见故选A【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析A.criticize指责;B.recall召回;C.evaluate评估;D.identify鉴定化肥和杀虫剂被广泛使用,尽管一些环保主义者指责它故选A【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析A.medical体格检查;B.mobile活动物体;C.space空间;D.process过程计算机跟踪农场运作,甚至利用空间技术来寻找种植和给作物施肥的最佳地点故选C[52题详解】考查副词及短语词义辨析A.for example例如;B.in all总而言之;C.however然而;D.additionally此外然而,农民们仍然在与他们无法控制的力量作斗争根据句意可知,这里表示转折故选C【53题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析A.subject to让步于;B.unrelated to与无关;C.reducedto减少到;D.applied to把……应用到天气的变化赋予农业自身的经济周期,通常与一般经济无关故选B【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析A.vague模糊的;B.desperate绝望的;C.isolated孤立的;D.feasible可彳亍的根据上文“theGreatDepression combinedto pushfarmers overthe edgeinto・・・”可知,在20世纪30年代,恶劣的天气和大萧条将农民推向了绝望的境地故选B【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析A.struggling努力的;B.traditional传统的;C.sweeping彻底的;大范围的;D.permanent永久的政府以全面的农业改革作为回应故选C【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解,要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境,感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图,同时“瞻前顾后,左顾右盼”,充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系,仔细推敲,最后还原整体和细节例如小题4所选的depressed这个词根据上文“the agriculturalindustry hassuffered…”可知,农业部门遭受了周期性的生产过剩的爆发,从而压低了价格,故选择出正确的答案Section B24分Directions:Read the following threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestionsor unfinishedstatements.For each of themthere arefour choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Choosethe onethat fitsbest accordingto theinformation givenin the passage youhave justread.AAfter someblood tests,Dr Stubsstood beforeme,a tallman,but shorton personalityandsporting acold expression.You havesystemic lupus,he saidmatter-of-factly.,/Lupus,〃he continued,〃is anauto-immune diseaseand・・,.”I remembercertain detailsbut mostlyIremember himtalking aboutchildren.Children areno harm.But childbirthwould jumpstartadditionalsymptoms thatcould belife threatening.You alreadyhave twokids anyway.”As Igot upto leave,shaken anddrained,he saidhis partingwords,“I woulddiscourageany furtherresearch.There isno cureand nothingcan preventits progression.”Still,I didresearch lupusand itssymptoms tirednessand jointpain一were bothconsistentwith whatI wasexperiencing.And eventuallysome major organs could be affected,causingshutdown andpossibly death.I studiedand foundout thatechinacea had a recordin makingimmune systemstronger.Idecided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset byimmersing myselfin my familywith my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.After anothervisit,I decidednever togo backto Dr.Stubs.How couldone endurerepeatedlyhear desperately words comingfrom anemotionless moutheven thoughthey weretruth Theyearspassed.When Iwould feeltired andachy Ipulled supportfrom mychildren and their laughter.Finally,after eightyears,I wentto Dr.Kirstein whowas recommendedby afriend.Shestood thereholding myhand andlooking intomy eyeswarmly.〃So,let stalk alittle.”Instantly mydefenses weredown.Before I knew it,she hadme runningonandon aboutmychildren,my husband,my lifeand dreams.I toldher about all themeaningful activitiesI wasinvolvedin,those thingsI might haveneverdone without the disease.After severalfollow-up tests,and greaterresearch intomyfamilyhistory,Dr.Kirsteincame toconclusive answer.I didnot havesystemic lupus.There mustbe somethingwrong withtheinitial tests8years before.I didn,t knowwhether Ishould jumpfor joyor screambecause Ihad beenliving thelasteight yearsin fear of afatal disease.But thenI realizedthat Ihad beenliving everyday,not somuch infear,but happinessEven daywas agift andI knewit.
56.Dr.Strubs warnedthe authoragainst havingmore childrenbecauseA.The processof givingbirth puther lifein danger.B.Taking care of childrenwill graduallyworsen her disease.C.Her diseasewill threatenthe healthof herchildren.D.She alreadyhas enoughchildren.
57.Why didthe authorstop seeingdoctor Strubsafter twovisits.A.Because shenot qualifiedto treather disease.B.Because herecommended Dr.Kirkstein toher.C.Because hiscold attitudeupset the author.D.Because shesuspected hisdiagnosis aboutherdisease.
58.How didthe authordeal with the diseaseA.She calmlywaited formajororgansto shutdown.B.she tookeffective medicineregularly tofight thedisease.C.She turnedto Dr.Kirstein to get curefor thediseaseD.She triedto strengthenimmune systemand drewstrength fromfamily.
59.Why didtheauthorthink everyday in the past8years was a giftA.Because systemiclupus wasno longera deadlydisease.B.Because shemade everyday valuablein spiteof diseaseC.Because shereceived agift everyday fromher familyD.Because sheonly occasionallyfelt painand tiredness.【答案】
56.A
57.C
58.D
59.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病,但是她使每一天都过的有意义【56题详解】细节理解题根据文章第一段I remembercertain detailsbut mostlyI rememberhimtalking aboutchildren.Children areno harm.But childbirthwould jumpstartadditionalsymptoms thatcouldbelife threatening.You alreadyhave twokids anyway.”可矢口,Dr.Strubs认为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状故选A【57题详解】细节理解题根据文章第五段How couldone endurerepeatedly heardesperatelywordscoming fromanemotionless moutheven thoughthey weretruth作者无法忍受反复听至U医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语,可知,医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安故选CL58题详解】细节理解题根据文章第四段I studiedand foundout thatechinacea had a recordin makingimmunesystem stronger.I decidedthat alongwith theplantIwouldstrengthenmymindsetby immersingmyselfin myfamily withmyone-year-old sonand three-year-old daughter.可知,作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态,从家庭中汲取力量故选D【59题详解】推理判断题根据文章最后一段But thenI realizedthat Ihad beenliving everyday,not somuchin fear,but happinessEven daywasagift andIknewit.可矢口,作者意识到,活着的每一天,并不是那么恐惧,而是快乐,甚至每一天都是一份礼物,从而推断出,尽管疾病缠身,但她让每一天都变得有价值故选B(B)While fakingand fiercelooks are among animalsgreat defenses,many speciesknow thateveryoneruns froma bigstink(臭气)too.Vulture(秃鸳)Vultures,are streetsweepers thatfeast on the rottingflesh of dead animals,whichbenefits usby riddingour highwaysand landscapesof animalbodies and the bacteriathey mightcarry.When vulturesfeel threatenedthey vomit,andthe smell ofvomited-on deadbodies putsofmost predators.Throwing upallows thevulture tofly awaymore quickly-andthevomit canhurtthe aggressor,s eyesand face.Opossum(负鼠)In someways opossumshave iteasy.In orderto becomedead”,they dont haveto faxanyone a deathcertificate.They justlie therewith theirtongues hangingout with the smellofdead flesh,sometimes forhours,effectively convincingpotential predatorsthey canfinda muchfresher mealelsewhere.Even if they keepgetting attacked,they won,t moveany morethan ahumanstatue untilthe threathas passed.此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.The newmovie didnt performwell insales.B.The newmovie waspositively reviewedby critics.C.The newmovie wassuccessful insales andreputation.D.The newmovie wasnt welcomedby thecritics.【答案】D【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解.】此题为听力题,解析略A.They will be homeon time.B.Hermother isinanarea withpoor signalreception.C.Shecan tconnect hermother through the mobilephone now.D.Shehas tonotify hermother that someone isdead.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.The neighborhoodsuffers apower failure.B.Their neighborbroke their light bulb.C.Theres somethingwrong with theirlightbulb.D.Its blackoutside thewindow.【答案】C【解析】【分析】Hoatzin(磨雉)Hold yournose andmeet thehoatzin,a birdof distinctions,not theleast ofwhich isthat it smellslike freshcow shit.The animalmostly eatsleaves andit,stheonly birdknownto digestby fermentation,like acow.This processis whatcauses itssmell andhas earneditthe nicknamethe“stink birdMillipedes(千足虫)Millipedes aretricky.For startersthey lookwormy.Their nameis deceptive,too:Theirlegs numberabout
750.Their majordefense isto curlup intoa ball.They,though,also releaseaharm eyes,and leavea horriblesmell on their attackers.Sea Hare(海兔)The gracefulsea hareis plainin tastein thefirst place,so itsnot the most populardishin the seafood chain.Nonetheless thistype ofsea creaturehas apretty creativesmell-related defensethat isalmost theopposite ofits smellycompanions onthis list.Thesea hare gives outa slimy,purple ink,the substancewhich makesfood less palatable topredators.Researchers usinglobsters(2-f)as modelpredators foundthat thesea blocks the lobstersreceptivemechanism.In otherwords,thesea hare givesits attackerthe equivalentof astuffynose sothey don,t knowhow appealingit is.
60.The seahare defendsitself frompredators by_________.A.becoming plainin tasteatthediscovery of a predatorB.giving outpurple inkto makeitself invisibleto predatorsC.releasing substanceto makepredators unableto smellitD.giving offsmelly gasto tryto drivepredators away.
61.Which of the followingstatements isTRUE accordingto the passageA.The vulturecarries bacteriaso thatpredators darenot get close toit.B.The opossumfakes itsdeath toavoid beingtargeted bypredators.C.The hoatzineats cowshit sothat it is nick-named as“stink birdD.The gasreleased bymillipede wasbasically harmless
62.The speciesthat enjoysmore thanone defensemechanism is.A.vultureB.opossumC.millipedeD.seahare【答案】
60.C
61.B
62.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍一些野生动物是如何进行自身防御的【60题详解】细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段The seaharegivesoutaslimy,purple ink,the substancewhichmakes foodlesspalatableto predators.可知,海兔身上散发出黏糊糊的紫色墨水,这种物质使得捕食者对食物不那么感兴趣,从而保护自己免受捕食者的伤害故选Co【61题详解】细节理解题根据文章第三段In orderto becomedead”,they donthaveto faxanyoneadeathcertificate.They justlie therewith theirtongues hangingout with thesmellofdeadflesh,sometimes forhours,effectively convincingpotential predatorsthey canfind amuch freshermealelsewhere.可知,负鼠假装死亡,让捕食者在其他地方找到更新鲜的食物,以避免成为捕食者的目标故选B【62题详解】推理判断题根据文章第五段Their majordefense isto curlup intoa ball.They,though,alsorelease aharm eyes,and leavea horriblesmell on their attackers.可知,千足虫主要防守是蜷成一团然而,它们也会释放出有害的眼睛,并在攻击者身上留下可怕的气味从而可以推断出,千足虫是拥有多种防御机制的物种故选CCARCHAEOLOGISTS考古学家GUIDED BYlaser imagesof aremote regionof northern Guatemalahave discovered20-foot-high walls,watchtowers,and otherevidence thatancient Maya societieshad beenannoyed bywarfare threatover manyyears.The findshave upendedlong-establishedimpressions of a civilization thatit tamed the jungle and built thrivingcities,then declinedand disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.Among the most surprisingdiscoveries wasa largestone complexnow calledLa Cuemavilla.Built ona steepridge,the heavilyfortified site included high walls.Moats whichserves asthe largest defensivesystem everdiscovered in the region.This wassurprising says an archaeologist,“because wehad atendency toromanticize Mayawarfareas somethingthat waslargely ritualized.But thefortifications wereseeing suggestanelevated levelof antagonismover centuries.Rulers wereso deeplyalarmed that they felttheneed toinvest inall thesehilltop fortifications.There isan almostvisible senseoffear inthis landscape.All thesefindings owecredit toPACUNAM LIDARInitiative,a lasersurvey ofsome800squaremiles ofthe MayaBiosphere Reservein northernGuatemala.Using revolutionaryLaser technology,the surveyrevealed thelong-hidden ruinsof asprawling pre-Columbian civilizationthat wasfarmore complexand interconnectedthan mostMaya specialistshad supposed.Guided by the newLaser treasuremaps,the LIDARteam deployedthroughthe jungle overthepast year to conducthands-on investigationsof more thanadozen ofthe mostpromisingsites-most ofwhich wouldhave beenimperceptible withoutLIDAR.“You couldwalk overthe topof amajor ruinand missit,〃says an archaeologist whospartofthePACUNA project.But LIDARpicks up the patternsand makes the featurespop outwithsurprising clarity.Three-dimensional mapsgenerated bythe surveyyielded surpriseseven at Tikal,the largestand most extensively explored archaeological sitein Guatemala.The ancientcity was at leastfourtimes bigger than previouslythought,and surroundedby amassive ditchand fortified basestretching formiles.Archaeologists stressthat LIDAR,for all its utility,will neversee belowthe groundoryield directdates ofoccupation,“we stillneed todig andhack ourway throughthejungle,but nowwe havea veryaccurate mapto guideus.
63.How didpeople thinkof Mayabefore thediscovery ofthe defenseruinsA.It wasthemostadvanced civilizationin thehistory ofmankind.B.It was long underthe threatof large-scale warsC.Its riseand declinewere underway peacefullyD.It wasfinally destroyedby alarge-scale war
64.The underlinedword antagonismis closestin meaningtoA.miseryB.revolutionC.population decreaseD.opposition
65.Which ofthe followingstatements isTRUE accordingto thepassageA.The militarymechanism foundin LaCuemavilla wasintended foroccupying morelands.B.The newlaser technologywas mainlyusedtoenlarge theoriginal sitesize.C.The LIDARhelps toavoid thetraditional diggingtask insite exploration.D.The Tikalsite wasfound to be protectedby certaindefense works
66.The passageis mainlyabout______.A.people,slong-time misunderstandingof Mayacivilization.B.discovery of Maya militaryworks aidedby newexplore technologyC.the findingof abig warfareresulting in the disappearanceofMayacivilizationD.The variousadvantages ofnew technologiesin thefield of archaeology.【答案】
63.C
64.D
65.D
66.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读文章主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂[63题详解】推理判断题根据文章第一段The findshave upendedlong-established impressionsof acivilizationthat ittamed thejungle andbuilt thrivingcities,then declinedand disappearedquietly beneaththedense tropicalforest.可知,发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象文明曾驯服丛林,建设繁荣的城市,然后衰落,静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下从而可以推断出,在发现防御遗址之前,人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的故选C【64题详解】词义猜测题根据文章第三段This wassurprising says anarchaeologist,“because wehadatendencyto romanticize Maya warfareas somethingthat waslargely ritualized.考古学家一切倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化,认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的,及转折词but提示,可知,这些防御工事表明,几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升从而猜测出antogonism在文中是“对抗;敌对”的意思故选D[65题详解】细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段Three-dimensional mapsgenerated bythe surveyyielded surprisesevenatTikal,thelargestandmostextensivelyexploredarchaeologicalsiteinGuatemala.Theancient citywasatleast fourtimes biggerthan previously,thought,and surroundedby amassiveditch andfortifiedbasestretching formiles.可知,蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围,受其保护故选D[66题详解】主旨大意题根据文章第一段ARCHAEOLOGISTS(考古学家)GUIDED BYlaser imagesof aremote regionof northernGuatemalahave discovered20-foot-highwalls,watchtowers,and otherevidence thatancientMayasocietieshad beenannoyed bywarfare threatover manyyears.The findshave upendedlong-established impressionsof acivilizationthatittamedthejungleandbuiltthrivingcities,then declinedanddisappearedquietlybeneaththedensetropicalforest,及其全文可知,本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂故选B【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题,要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义考生作此类题型时,首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置,然后在理解文章大意的基础之上,对此词前后句反复研读,最后根据前后句猜测出词义例如小题2要求猜测出antogonism的含义,就是根据文章第三段This wassurprisingsaysanarchaeologist,“because wehadatendency toromanticizeMayawarfare assomethingthat waslargely ritualized.考古学家一切倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化,认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的,及转折词but提示,可知,这些防御工事表明,几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升从而猜测出antogonism在文中是“对抗;敌对”的意思Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill ineach blankwith aproper sentencegivenin thebox.Each sentencecanbeused onlyonce.Note thattherearetwo moresentences thanyouneed.Recently,in thequest for a selfie(自拍),a womanclimbed overthe concretebarrierof aJaguar(美洲虎)enclosure atWildlife WorldZoo,Arizona.The jaguarripped intoher arm.Bystanders pulledher awaybefore theanimal couldinjure herfurther.Shes fine-so isthejaguar.This isntthefirst timea storyofaperson actingrudely togetclose toawild animalmadeheadlines.Last year,a manjumped intoa lionenclosure ata zoofor aclose-up photo.67Multiple touristsin YellowstoneNational Parkhave beenattacked bybison(野牛)when they,ve gottentoo closefor aphoto.Its commonsense nottogetclosetowild animalsthat canhurt you.Its whyzoos havebarriers-sometimes multiplewalls-to keeppeople separatedfrom animals.Signs postedeverywherestate theobvious warning.Keep yourhands offthe cage.〃Yet animalshave becomeless realto us,〃saysanenvironmentalist.We seeexotic animalsmostfrequently inmanaged settingslike zoos.68People aretrying totake advantageof theirrarity to show off on social mediaand ignoretheir fierceness.Media oftennormalize interactionwith dangerous animals.Seeing a man likeLionWhisperer7Kevin Richardsonregularly play-fight withlions onTV,may sendthe messagethatthese animalsaren,tsodangerous afterall.Social mediaare alsoperfectly positionedto contributeto therise of animal selfies.Getting likesand commentsprovide instantsatisfaction.Your self-esteem actuallygets atemporaryboost.To holdonto thatfeeling,people maygo tomore andmore extremesto showcasethemost excitingversions ofthemselves.It maynot beenough toget aphoto ofa beautiful,dangerous animalfrom outsidea cage.69People,s carelessapproach canput theanimals safetyat riskas well.Zoo animalsoftenmust bekilled toprotect theperson whos enteredtheir space.In fact,thrill-seekers activelyendangerthe livesof animals.70withthezoo environment,they takeit forgranted thatanimalsare therefor people,ignoring thefact thatanimals andhumans areboth equalexistents inthenature.A.The animals,to someextent,become toolsto us.B.Although violenceagainst zooanimals isoften reported,the issueofanimalwelfare hasarousedlittle attentionrecently.C.By takinga selfie,you showthat you,re partof thatexperience.D.The comparisonbetween cagedanimals andwild onesare appealingto people.E.Similar incidentsarearegular occurrencein naturalsettings.F.The commonfactor is that somepeople arenot respectinganimal.【答案】
67.E
68.A
69.C
70.F【解析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读文章主要陈述人类想当然地认为动物是为人类而存在的,忽略了动物和人类在自然界中是平等存在的[67题详解】根据前句Last year.amanjumped intoa lionenclosure ata zoofor aclose-up photo.和后句Multiple touristsin YellowstoneNational Parkhave beenattacked bybison里手牛when they,ve gottentoo closeforaphoto.所列举的两个例子可知,人们为了拍照靠近野生动物这种类似的事情是频繁发生的故选E[68题详解】根据该段第一句Yet animalhave becomeless realto us然而,动物对我们来说已经变得不那么真实了,和后句People aretrying totake advantageof theirraritytoshowoffonsocial mediaand ignoretheir fierceness.人们利用它们的稀有性在社交媒体上炫耀,可知,在某种程度上,动物对我们来说成了工具故选A[69题详解】根据前句It maynot beenough toget aphoto ofa beautiful,dangerousanimalfrom outsideacage.从笼子外面拍一张美丽、危险的动物照片已经不够了所以自然而然引出,通过拍一张自拍,你可以展示你是那次经历的一部分故选C【70题详解】根据上下文可知,上文人们的所作所为以及下文withthezoo environment,they takeit forgrantedthat animalsare therefor people,ignoring thefact thatanimals andhumans areboth equalexistentsinthenature,动物为人而存在这种理所当然的想法,忽略了人类和动物在自然界是平等存在的想法,都证明了一些人正在不尊重动物故选FIV SummaryWriting
71.Directions:Read the followingpassage.Summarize themain ideaandthemain pointsofthe passagein nomore than60words,Use yourown wordsas faras possible.Peter wokeup onemorning withall theusual signsofanasty cold:severe headacheandblocked nose.Then hedid whatalmost everyonedoes ona daylike this.He gotup andwent towork.Such isthe stateof whatthe humanresources industryhas cometo callpresenteeism.Many expertsclaim thatpresenteeism isnow abigger problemintheUK thanabsenteeismand couldeven helpexplain thecountry sweak productivitygrowth.A growingnumberofcompaniesare realizingpresenteeism anddoing somethingaboutit.This generallytakes theform ofprogrammesfull ofonce unimaginablesweets:cheap gymmembership,veggie saladsinthecanteen,stand-up desksandtheodd massage,of course,theresnothing againstlunchtime dentistryorfree workout.They domore goodthan harm.But suchwelfares alonewon,tdomuch tostoppeople frompresenteeism.The chiefreasons whypeople soldieron havenothing todo withhow fitthey are.Theywork forleaner,more stressedcompanies wheredismissals arecommon.This makessome peopleworriedthat theywill betargeted inthe nextround ofjob cutif theyhave takena lotoftime off.Others worryabout troublingstretched colleagueswith more work intheir absence.How annoyingitisto befaced withcold faceswhen youreturn tooffice aftertwo daysrestat home.There isnot muchto besaid forsilly thingslike ping-pong tablesand officebean bags.The keyto dealingwith presenteeismlies intraining managersto bebetter atspotting swiflywhenemployees areunder toomuch stressor ill,and dealingwiththesituation sensibly—puttingthe sickemployee tosick leavealthough heis reluctant.Of course,work hastobedone toeliminateemployee,s concernabout hisjob prospectthereof.【答案】Presenteeism,going towork whenill,though commonintheUK,harms productivity.The responsivestaff benefits companies offer areofno avail to solve the problem.The realreasonslie insick employeesfear ofpotential layoffand concernabout additionalworkloadon colleagues.The solutiondepends onmanagement stimely detectionof presenteeismand strategiccompulsoryleave mechanism.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读文章主要介绍了出勤主义的危害、原因及解决办法【详解】第一段讲“出勤主义(presenteeism)”是一种什么情况即人们在生病的情况下还要上班的情况;第二段讲出勤主义的危害,以及公司提供的福利对解决出勤主义的问题并没有什么帮助;第三段讲存在出勤主义主要原因,第四段讲了根本性解决问题的办法总结需要围绕这四方面展开,抓住要点,缺一不可故答案为Presenteeism,going towork whenill,though commonintheUK,harms productivity.Theresponsive staffbenefitscompaniesofferareofnoavailtosolvethe problem.The realreasonslie insick employeesfearofpotential layoffand concernabout additionalworkload oncolleagues.The solutiondepends onmanagement stimely detectionof presenteeismand strategiccompulsoryleave mechanism.第n卷(共40分)V.TranslationDirections:Translate thefollowing sentencesinto English,using thewords givenin thebrackets.
72.暴饮暴食被一些人认为是缓解工作压力的手段(regard)
73.让我印象最深的是,单身女性已成购房新军(impress)
74.他对大家的警告充耳不闻,执意在如此恶劣的天气驾车上山(insist)
75.在春节期间,许多服务行业的企业都面临着用工荒的问题,大大阻碍了行业的发展(face)【答案】
72.Overeating isregarded bysome asa way to relievework pressure.
76.What impressesme mostis thatsingle womenhave emergedas newbuyers for house property.
77.He turneda deaf earto people s warnings and insisted on driving upthe hill in suchbadweather.
78.During thespring festival,many enterprisesin serviceindustry are facing theproblemof labourshortage,which greatlyblocks thedevelopment ofthe industry.【解析】考查翻译要求考生根据中文含义及括号中所给的词将中文翻译成英文【72题详解】考查短语regard…as…认为是“暴饮暴食”的表达为“overeating”,“缓解工作压力的手段”可以翻译为a wayto relievework pressure.故填Overeating isregarded bysome asa wayto relieveworkpressure.【73题详解】考查名词性从句、现在完成时和impress sb令某人印象深刻这句话首先要选一个主语从句作为句子的结构,其次不可忽略“印象最深”的“最”,必须把most翻译出来此外,“购房新军”的表达也是一个注意事项,这个时候需要意译故填What impressesme mostisthatsingle womenhave emergedas newbuyersforhouseproperty.【74题详解】考查insist的用法insist ondoing sth”和turn adeaf earto充耳不闻”的翻译在翻译的时候可以用“he”做主语,然后并列两个动词注意驾车上山的表达为drive upthe hill.故填He turnedadeafeartopeopleswarningsandinsistedondrivingupthehillinsuch badweather.【75题详解】考查face的用法和非限制性定语从句这句话中后半部分大大阻碍了行业的发展的主语时前半部分所叙述的情况,所以需要用非限制性定语从句“which”来引导,指代主句的全部内容此外,注意“用工荒”的表达以及逐项对照翻译,确保没有漏译的情况故填During thespring festival,many enterprisesinservice industryarefacingtheproblemof labourshortage,which greatlyblocksthedevelopmentof theindustry.VI.Guided Writing
76.Directions:Write anEnglish compositionin120一150words accordingto theinstructionsgiven belowin Chinese.此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.He lostthe waytothe ice creamcounter.B.He doesn,t knowwhich tasteto choose.C.He loseswords todescribe thetaste oftheicecream.D.He enjoysselling icecream.【答案】B【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.She doesn,t geton well with John.B.John liedabout absencefrom school.C.John wastoo illto receivethem athome.D.She didnt goto schoolherself.【答案】B【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.Atan electronicappliance shop.B.AtadrugstoreC.Atalaundry.D.Atafurniture shop.【答案】C【解析】【分析】日前,一社会机构对“高中生认为最有用的手机app类型”进行调查,结果如下:最有用的app类型参与调查的高中生人数占比社交类app45%游戏类app32%学习类app12%其他11%请简单描述以上数据,并结合自身实际,谈谈你对这一调查结果的看法(文中不得出现考生姓名,学校等真实信息、)【答案】These days,a socialorganization isconducting asurvey ofthemostuseful mobileappsfor seniorhigh school students.As canbe easily seen from the above figure,the numberofthe students participating inthe surveywho chosesocial appand gameapp accounts for45%and32%while thosewho choselearning appand others accountsfor only12%and11%.Itis not a good trend but a disturbing one.What istherealreason behinditAs faras Im concerned,withtherapid developmentof mobiletechnology,a widevariety ofphonesare availableataless expensiveprice withinpeople ofall ages,particularly forhighschoolstudents.For one,it notonly providesthem witheasy accessto knowledgeon theinternetbut alsomakes itmuch easierfor themto communicate with eachother wheneverandwherever theywant.Nevertheless,in myopinion,for studentswhat mattersmost atpresent isthattheyshouldtry theirhard tofocus onstudy ratherthan socialinteraction and games,using theirlearningapps tothe full.Only whenyou realizeitiswrong todo socan youspareno effortsto makegradual progressin studyand achievesuccess inthe end.【解析】【分析】本题属于图表作文,要求考生简单描述以上数据,并结合自身实际,谈谈对这一调查结果的看法【详解】本篇书面表达属于图表类作文,根据提示信息社会机构对“高中生认为最有用的手机app类型”进行调查,根据其调查结果,简单描述以上数据,并结合自身实际,谈谈对这一调查结果的看法写作时注意以下几点
1、仔细阅读有关提示,弄清试题提供的所有信息,明确要点;
2、图表是文章的总体框架,要在图表的范围内进行分析、构思和想象要依据提示情景或词语,按照一定逻辑关系来写,写作时可以按照要点所给的顺序写
3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态,就本文而言应该用一般现在时态
4、注意使用高级词汇和句式,以增加文童的亮点【点睛】本文结构紧凑,层次分明,而且使用了多种表达participate in,account for,As faras Imconcerned,withtherapid developmentof,communicatewith,intheend;还运用句型As canbeeasilyseenfrom theabovefigure,the numberofthestudentsparticipatinginthesurveywho chosesocial appandgameapp accountsfor45%and32%while thosewho choselearning appandothersaccountsforonly12%and11%.It isnotagoodtrendbutadisturbingone.这句话运用了定语从句;For one,it notonly providesthem witheasy accessto knowledgeontheinternetbut alsomakes itmuch easierfor themto communicatewith eachother wheneverand wherevertheywant.这句话运用名词性从句;Only whenyou realizeitiswrong todo socan youspare noeffortsto makegradual progressin studyand achievesuccess intheend.这句话运用了彳到装结构等并注意了句子的衔接如and,but,while,Nevertheless等等此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略A.Invite afriend totake thewedding photographingjob.B.Pay forphotographing forher wedding.C.Save thebudget ofwedding.D.Avoid takingtoo manyphotos forher wedding.【答案】B【解析】【分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解.】此题为听力题,解析略A.Thecandidatehas devotionfor thejob.B.Thecandidate isnot goodat givingspeeches.C.Thecandidate isout oftouch withthe woman.D.Thecandidate isnot qualifiedfor thejob.【答案】D【解析】分析】此题为听力题,解析略【详解】此题为听力题,解析略Section BDirections:In SectionB,you willhear twoshort passagesand onelonger conversation,andyou willbeaskedquestions oneachofthe passagesandtheconversation.The passagesandthe conversationwillberead twice,but thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.When youheara question,read thefour possibleanswers onyour paperand decidewhich onewould bethebest answeryouhaveheard.Questions arebased onthefollowingpassage.
11.A.12%.B.27%.C.30%.D.60%.
12.A.Because theirbodies arenot strongenough forregular exercises.B.Because theirdoctors preventthem fromdoing toomany exercises.C.Because theyspend greatertime doingactivities requiringlittle energy.D.Because theystill keepworking atolder ages.
13.A.Because itbrings enjoymenttotheold.B.Because itmakes lifecolorful.C.Because itmakestheold movemore.D.Because itsaves moneyfor theold.【答案】
11.A
12.C
13.C【解析】此题为听力题,解析略【11题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【12题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【13题详解】此题为听力题,解析略Questions arebased onthefollowingpassage.
14.A.The highunemployment rateinthecountry.B.The comfortableworking environment.C.The potentialhigh incomefromthework.D.The possibilityto contactbosses andsenior managers.
15.A.Dealing withcommitments.B.Managing theInternet surfing.C.Managing bosses,schedules.D.Communicating withother employees.A.They givemale applicantsfair chancesfor thePA jobs.B.They tendto providemale PASwith highsalaries.C.They givemale Pasmoreworkto manage.D.They preferto assignmale PASfor malebosses.【答案】
14.C
15.B
16.A【解析】此题为听力题,解析略【14题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【15题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【16题详解】此题听力题,解析略Questions arebased onthefollowingpassage.A.Information aboutthe featuresofthe car.B.Message aboutthe pricesofthecar.C.A largerdiscount thanwhat dealersofferD.Comments aboutthecarfrom othercustomers.A.Good servicefrom professionalstaff.B.Trial drivingbythebuyer.C.Additional insurancebenefits fromdealers.D.Driving licensefromthegovernment.A.It manufacturesadvanced electriccars.B.It cooperateswellwithcar dealers.C.Its onlinewebsite offerscomprehensive carinformation.D.It candeliver carsto customersafter onlinepurchase.
20.E.It providesmore carinformation thannew cars.F.It issold cheaperwith lesssales cost.G.Used carsare generallysold atless than2000dollars.H.Used carmarket isbiggerthannew carmarket.【答案】
17.C
18.B
19.D
20.B【解析】此题为听力题,解析略【17题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【18题详解】此题为听力题,解析略【19题详解】此题为听力题,解析略20题详解】此题为听力题,解析略II.Grammar andVocabularySection A10%Directions:After readingthepassagebelow,fill inthe blanksto makethepassagecoherentand grammaticallycorrect.For theblanks witha givenword,fill ineach blankwiththeproperform ofthe givenword;for theother blanks,use oneword thatbest fitseachblank.When JenniferLawrence trippedon herwaytoaccept herbest actressOscar oneyear,herpink princess-like Diordress21capture inallitsglory.The unscriptedmoment becamehottopic throughoutsocial media.That bonusair-time fora singledress atone ofthe worldsglobal eventsis pricelessforthe likesof Dior,one ofthe22influential fashionhouses inthe luxurymarketplace.Success onthe red carpet canearn exposureand profitsfor luxury brands for years23come.The redcarpet,which willbe televisedlive beforeAcademy Awardceremony,presentsa greatopportunity fora designerto reachan audiencethat expands24the fashionsetting.The Lawrencedress receivedabout40million mentionson varioussocialmedia.One wayof estimatingthe monetarybenefits ofhaving astandout dressonthered carpetisto comparehow mucha brandwould otherwisespend oncommercial advertisingduring the sametime.25Lawrence hadonly75seconds ofsolo cameratime forher Oscaracceptance speech,Dior had to paymorethan$4million fora commercialspot ofthesameduration onsimilaroccasions.And thisdidnt includethe time26devote toLawrence andher dressonthepre-showtelevised redcarpet.Lawrence,23,had anadvertising contractwith Dior.27the groups dealwith Lawrenceaffected itssales wasclearly statedin itsannualfinancial report.That year,the groupclothing sections profits28total165million euros,up26percent fromthe previousyear.Heston,the founderofapublicity firm,29success storiesinclude introducingJimmyChoo shoesand designerSaab toHollywood,believes thatthe Oscarredcarpetis todaydominatedby establishedluxurybrands.Finding itmuch moredifficult tocompete withbig brandnamesto dresssuper starson bigevents,many youngdesigners turnto30bet onpromising risingstars,expecting anovernight successiftheyoung starsrise tosudden fame.【答案】
21.was captured
22.most influential
23.to come
24.beyond
25.Although
26.devoted
27.How
28.totaled
29.whose
30.betting【解析】本文是一篇时尚类短文阅读文章主要介绍一些奢侈品牌为了提高自己的知名度和影响力,与走红地毯的大牌明星合作,而一些年轻设计师则把堵住压在有前途的新星身上,希望这些新星声名鹊起之后自己也一夜成名【21题详解】考查谓语动词主语dress与capture之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,根据文章可知用过去时态句意她那件像公主一样的粉红色迪奥礼服尽显光彩故填was capturedo【22题详解】考查形容词最高级one of句型中的形容词用最高级形式句意在奢侈品市场上,最具影响力的时装公司之一o故填most influentialo【23题详解】考查非谓语动词不定式作定语,表示动作未发生foryearsto come未来几年句意红毯上的成功可以为奢侈品牌赢得未来几年的曝光率和利润故填tcomeo【24题详解】考查介词介词beyond表示“超出……之外”句意奥斯卡颁奖典礼前的红毯将进行现场直播,这为设计师们提供了一个很好的机会,可以接触到时尚圈之外的观众故填beyond【25题详解】考查状语从句连词句意尽管劳伦斯只有75秒的个人镜头时间来发表奥斯卡获奖感言,迪奥却不得不花费400多万美元在类似的场合拍下同样时长的广告从句有only,主句中hadto表不得不,所以前后句之间为让步关系故填Although【26题详解】考查非谓语动词句意这还不包括劳伦斯和她的礼服亮相电视红毯的时间短语be devotedto作定语,被动结构,故用过去分词故填devoted【27题详解】考查主语从句连词句意该集团与劳伦斯的交易如何影响其销售额,在其年度财务报告中有明确说明此处指这次交易如何影响销售,故用连词how【28题详解】考查谓语动词句意那一年,集团服装部门的利润总计
1.65亿欧元,比前一年增长26%根据全文可知,动词total用过去时态,主动语态,表示“利润总计为故填totaled【29题详解】考查定语从句关系代词句意赫斯顿是一家公关公司的创始人,他的成功故事包括把周仰杰Jinuny Choo的鞋子和设计师萨博Saab介绍给好莱坞句中先行词为Heston,在非限定性定语从句中作名词success的定语,故用whoseo。