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第一节真题再现(2022全国甲卷D篇)第课时4语篇类型主题语境人与社会历史、社会与文化(社会进词数建议用时8,步与人类文明)悉尼新旧文化冲突331+132=463夹叙夹议文文章出处Sometime in the early1960s,a significantthing happenedin Sydney,Australia.The citydiscovered itsharbor.Then,one afteranother,Sydney discoveredlots ofthings thatwere justsort of there-broad parks,superb beaches,and aculturally diverse population.But it is theharbor thatmakes thecity.Andrew Reynolds,a cheerfulfellow inhis early30s,pilots Sydneyferryboats for a living.I spentthe wholemorningshuttling back and forthacross theharbor.After ourthird runAndrew shut down theengine,and wewent ourseparateways——he fora lunchbreak,I toexplore thecity.Ill missthese oldboats,he saidas weparted.“How doyou mean”I asked.“Oh,theyre replacingthem withcatamarans.Catamarans arefaster,but theyrenot soelegant,and theyrenot funtopilot.But thatsprogress,I guess//(口号),Everywhere inSydney thesedays,change andprogress arethe watchwordsand traditionsare increasinglyrare.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citysofficial historian,told methat inits rush to modernityin the1970s,Sydney sweptasidemuch of its past,including many of its finest buildings.Sydney isconfused aboutitself/7she said.We cantseem to makeup ourminds whetherwe wanta moderncity ora traditionalone.Its a conflict thatwe arentgetting anybetter atresolving(解决)On theother hand,being young and old at the same timehas its attractions.I consideredthis whenI meta thoughtful,young businessmannamed Anthony.Many peoplesay thatwe lackculture inthis country,z hetold me.“What peopleforget isthat theItalians,when theycame toAustralia,brought2000years of their culture,the Greekssome3000years,and the Chinese more still.Weve gota foundationbuilt onancient culturesbut witha driveanddynamism of a young country.Ifs apretty hardbination to beat.”
32.What isthe firstparagraph mainly aboutA.Sydneys strikingarchitecture.B.The culturaldiversity ofSydney.C.The keyto Sydneysdevelopment.D.Sydneys touristattractions in the1960s.
33.What canwe learnabout AndrewReynoldsA.He goesto workby boat.B.He looksforward to a newlife.C.He pilotscatamarans well.D.He isattached to the oldferries.
34.What doesShirley Fitzgeraldthink ofSydneyA.It islosing itstraditions.B.It shouldspeed upits progress.C.It shouldexpand itspopulation.D.It is being moreinternational.He isright,but Icant helpwishing theywould keepthose oldferries.
35.Which statementwill the author probablyagree withA.A citycan beyoungandoldat the sametime.B.A citybuilt onancient culturesis moredynamic.C.Modernity isusually achievedat thecost ofelegance.D.promise shouldbe madebetween thelocal andthe foreign.其次节精深语篇
一、高频核心词汇有重大意义的,显著的;
1.adj.了解到,熟悉到;
2.v.极好的,绝佳的(近)
3.adj.excellent;领航(船只);
4.v.生计,谋生;
5.n.频繁往来于甲地和乙地之间;
6.v.美丽雅致的;
7.adj.冲突;
8.n.吸引力,诱惑力
9.n,根底
10.
72.〃.体系结构
11.〃.多样性
12.扩大
13.y妥协
14.v.比在文化上
15.ad引人注目的
16.adj.欢乐的
17.不断增力口地
18.adv.increasing+ly;现代
19.n.modern+ity;深思的,深思的
20.adj.thought+ful;介日益增加地
21.历史学家
22.n.精力,劲头
23.n.dynamic+ism:结合体,联合体
24.n.bine+ation口号
25.n.解决
26.v,
二、词性转换重要性,意义一重要的,有意义的一
1.n.a.adj.微缺乏道的,无足轻重的一表示,意味着v.发觉
2.fn.吸引,引起一吸引,喜爱,吸引人的事物/景点
3.v,n.一迷人的,有吸弓力a.I不同的,多种多样,形形色色的一多样性
4.V,n.扩大_扩大
5.v.n.通常涉及历史、史学、过去的事实一通常
6.-a.adj.用以表示具有重要历史意义一.在历史上;从历史角度一ad
三、熟词生义航程;
1.run n.熟义跑;跑步;跑步的时间或距离n.生义原文After ourthird runAndrew shutdown theengine,and wewent ourseparate ways-he fora lunchbreak,I toexplorethe city.分析译文
2.part熟义儿局部生义u原文Ill missthese oldboats/7he saidas weparted.分析___________________________________________________________________________________译文___________________________________________________________________________________冲劲,干劲
3.drive n.熟义驾驶;开车〃,驱车旅行;驾车路程v.生义n.原文Weve gota foundationbuilt onancient culturesbut witha driveand dynamismof ayoungcountry.Its apretty hardbinationto beat.z/分析译文
三、词汇应用()resolve/riZD lv//nza:lv/,/n zo:lv/verb formal()解决(问题或困难)1[T]-sth/itselfto findan acceptablesolution to a problemor di^iculty SYNsettle解决问题/争端/冲突/危机to resolvean issue/a dispute/aconflict/a crisis双方会晤以努力解决分歧Both sidesmet inorder totry toresolve theirdifferences.
②[T,I]tomake a firmdecision to do sth决心;打算他打算不告知她真相〜to do sth Heresolved notto tellher thetruth.〜(that)…She resolved(that)she wouldnever seehim again.她决心再也不见他了我们已经打算早点动身〜on sth/on doingsth Wehad resolvedon makingan earlystart.
(3)[T](of amittee,meeting,etc,会、会议等)to reacha decisionby meansofaformalvote(经正式投票)作出打算,作出决议;表决itisresolved that...经过表决,打算把这件事提交给上级主管部门It wasresolved that the matter be referred to a higher authority.〜that...They resolvedthat thematterbereferredtoahigherauthority.他们经过表决,打算把这件事提交给上级主管部门〜to dosthThe SupremeCouncil resolvedto resumecontrol overthe nationalpress.最高会作出决议恢复对国家新闻机构的掌握
五、核心词块
1.one afteranother
2.back andforth
3.go onesseparate ways把
4.sweep aside
5.make upones mind
6.on theother hand
7.one afteranother
8.sort of
9.culturallydiverse
10.back andforth
11.shutdown
12.go yourseparate ways
13.a lunchbreak
14.replace...with...
15.rushtodosth
16.sweep aside
17.be confusedabout
18.make upones mind
19.on theother hand
20.be attached to
21.speed up
22.at thecost of
六、长难句分析【长难句分析】原文L
1.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citysofficial historian,told methat inits rushto modernityin the1970s.Sydney swept分析aside muchof itspast includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.para.6译文原文
2.What peopleforget isthat theItalians,when theycame toAustralia brought2000years of their culture,theGreeks some3000years andtheChinesemorestill.para.7分析,译文第三节实战演练典例1根底练★★湖北卷*阅读理解篇Passage12015C一.阅读理解共小题
61.The trafficsignals alongFactoria Boulevardin Bellevue,Washington,generally dontflash thesame lengthof greentwice ina row,especially atrush hour.At930am,the fullred/yellow/green signal cycle mightbe140seconds.By933am,a burstof additionaltraffic mightpush itto145seconds.Less trafficat937am couldpush itdown to
135.Justlike the traffic itself,the timingof thesignals changes.That isby design.Bellevue,a fast-growing cityjust eastof Seattle,uses asystem thatis gainingpopularity around十字路口the USintersection signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.These lights,known asadaptive signals,have ledto significantdeclines inboth thetrouble andcost oftravels betweenwork andhome.nAdaptive signalscan makesure thatthe trafficdemand thatis thereis beingaddressed,says AlexStevanovic,aresearcher atFlorida AtlanticUniversity.For allof Bellevues success,adaptive signalsare nota cure-all forjammed roadways.Kevin Balke,a researchengineerattheTexas AMUniversity TransportationInstitute,says thatwhile smartlights canbe particularlybeneficialfor somecities,others areso jammedthat onlya sharpreduction inthe number of carson the road willmakea meaningfuldifference.Its notgoing tofix everything,but adaptivesignals havesome benefitsfor smallercities,hesays.In Bellevue,the switchto adaptivesignals hasbeen alesson inthe valueof welingnew approaches.In thepast,there wasoften anautomatic reactionto increasedtraffic justwiden the roads,says MarkPoch,the BellevueTransportationDepartments trafficengineering manager.Now hehopes thatother citieswill considermaking theirstreets run smarterinstead ofjust makingthem bigger.1What doesthe underlinedword that*in paragraph2refer toA.Increased lengthof greenlights.B.Shortened trafficsignal cycle.C.Flexible timingof trafficsignals.D.Smooth trafficflow on the road.⑵What doesKevin Balkesay aboutadaptive signalsA.They workbetter onbroad roads.B.They shouldbe usedin other cities.C.They havegreatly reducedtraffic on the road.D.They areless helpfulin citiesseriously jammed.[3What canwe learnfrom Bellevue*ssuccess_A.It isrewarding totry newthings.B.The oldmethods stillwork today.C.It paysto puttheory intopractice.D.The simplestway isthe bestway.浙江月卷*阅读理解篇Passage220207BThe trafficsignals alongFactoria Boulevardin Bellevue,Washington,generally dontflash thesame lengthof greentwice ina row,especially atrush hour.At930am,the fullred/yellow/green signalcycle mightbe140seconds.By933am,a burstof additionaltraffic mightpush itto145seconds.Less trafficat937am couldpush itdown to
135.Justlike thetraffic itself,the timingof thesignals changes.That isby design.Bellevue,a fast-growing cityjust eastof Seattle,uses asystem thatis gainingpopularity around十字路口the USintersection[signalsthat canadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.These lights,known as adaptivesignals,have ledto significantdeclines inboth thetrouble andcost oftravels betweenwork andhome.nAdaptive signalscan makesure thatthetrafficdemand thatis thereisbeingaddressed,”says AlexStevanovic,aresearcher atFlorida AtlanticUniversity.For allof Bellevuessuccess,adaptivesignalsare nota cure-all forjammed roadways.Kevin Balke,a researchengineerattheTexas AMUniversity TransportationInstitute,says thatwhile smartlights canbe particularlybeneficialfor somecities,others areso jammedthat onlya sharpreduction inthe numberof carsontheroad willmakeameaningfuldifference.Its notgoing tofix everything,but adaptivesignals havesome benefitsfor smallercities,”he says.In Bellevue,the switchto adaptivesignals hasbeen alesson inthe valueof welingnew approaches.In thepast,there wasoften anautomatic reactionto increasedtraffic justwiden theroads,says MarkPoch,the BellevueTransportationDepartments trafficengineering manager.Now hehopes thatothercitieswill considermaking theirstreetsrunsmarterinstead ofjust makingthem bigger.[1What doesthe underlinedword that in paragraph2refer toA.Increased lengthof greenlights.B.Shortened trafficsignalcycle.C.Flexible timingof trafficsignals.D.Smooth trafficflow ontheroad.⑵What doesKevin Balkesay aboutadaptive signalsA.They workbetter onbroad roads.B.They shouldbe usedin othercities.C.They havegreatly reducedtraffic ontheroad.D.They areless helpfulin citiesseriously jammed.3What canwe learnfrom BellevuessuccessA.It isrewarding totry newthings.B.The oldmethods stillwork today.C.It paysto puttheory intopractice.D.The simplestway isthe bestway.典例力量提升练★★★2(新高考卷*阅读理解篇)Passage12021I DPopularizationhas insome caseschanged theoriginal meaningof emotional intelligence.Many peoplenowmisunderstand emotional intelligence asalmost everythingdesirable ina personsmakeup thatcannot be measured by anIQ test,such ascharacter,motivation,confidence,mental stability,optimism andnpeople skills.n Researchhas shownthatemotional skillsmay contributeto someof thesequalities,but mostof themmove farbeyond skill-based emotionalintelligence.We preferto describeemotional intelligenceasaspecific setof skillsthatcanbe usedfor eithergood orbadpurposes.The abilityto accuratelyunderstand howothers arefeeling maybe usedbyadoctor to find howbest to help herpatients,while acheater mightuse itto controlpotential victims.Being emotionallyintelligent doesnot necessarilymakeone amoral person.Although popularbeliefs regardingemotionalintelligencerun farahead ofwhat researchcan reasonablysupport,theoverall effectsofthe publicity have been morebeneficial thanharmful.The mostpositive aspectof thispopularization isa(重视)new andmuch neededemphasis onemotion byemployers,educators andothers interestedin promotingsocial well-being.The popularizationof emotionalintelligence hashelped both thepublicand researchersre-evaluate thefunctionalityof emotionsand howthey servepeople adaptivelyin everydaylife.Although thecontinuing popularappeal of emotionalintelligenceis desirable,we hopethat suchattention willexcitea greaterinterest inthe scientificand scholarlystudy ofemotion.lt isour hopethatining decades,advances inscience will〔视角)offer new perspectives fromwhich tostudy howpeople managetheir lives.Emotional intelligence,with itsfocuson bothhead andheart,may serveto pointus inthe rightdirection.()1What isa monmisunderstanding of emotional intelligenceA.It canbemeasuredby anIQ test.B.It helpsto exercisea personsmind.C.It includesa setofemotionalskills.D.It referstoapersons positivequalities.⑵Why doestheauthormention doctorand cheaterin paragraph2A.To explaina rule.B.To clarifya conceptC.To presenta fact.D.To makea prediction.()3What isthe authorsattitude to the popularizationofemotionalintelligenceA.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.⑷What doesthe lastparagraph mainlytalk aboutconcerning emotionalintelligenceA.Its appealto thepublic.B.Expectations forfuture studies.C.Its practicalapplication.D.Scientists withnewperspectives.(全国卷*阅读理解篇)Passage22020III C[孤独),With theyoung unableto affordto leavehome andthe oldat riskof isolationmore familiesare choosingto live together.The doorwayto peaceand quiet,for NickBright atleast,leads straightto hismother-in-law shelives ontheground floor,while helives upstairswith hiswife andtheir twodaughters.Four yearsago theyall movedinto athree-storey Victorian house in Bristol-one ofa growingnumber ofmultigenerationalfamilies inthe UKliving togetherunder thesame roof.They sharea frontdoor anda washingmachine,but RitaWhitehead hasher ownkitchen,bathroom,bedroom andliving roomontheground floor.“We floatedthe ideato mymum ofsharing ahouse,says KathrynWhitehead.Rita cutsinHWespoke morewithNick becauseI thinkitsabig thingfor Nicktolive with hismother-in-law.”And whatdoes Nickthink”From mystandpoint,it allseems towork verywell.Would Iremend itYes,I thinkIwould.”Its hardto tellexactly howmany peopleagree withhim,but researchindicates thatthe numbershavebeenrising forsometime.Official reportssuggest thatthe numberof householdswith threegenerations livingtogether hadrisen from325,000in2001to419,000in
2013.;Other varietiesof multigenerational family aremore mon.Some peoplelivewith their elderlyparents manymoreadult childrenare returningto thefamily home,if theyever left.It issaid thatabout20%of25-34-year-olds livewiththeir parents,pared with16%in
1991.The totalnumberofall multigenerationalhouseholds inBritain isthought to beabout
1.8million.Stories likethat aremore monin partsoftheworld,where multigenerationalliving ismore firmlyrooted.Tn India,particularly outsidecities,young womenare expectedto movein withtheir husbandsfamily when they getmarried.)[1Who mainlyuses theground floorintheVictorianhouseinBristolB.Rita.C.Kathryn.D.The daughters..⑵What isNicks attitudetowards sharingthe housewith hismother-in-lawA.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling..[3What isthe authorsstatement aboutmultigenerationalfamilybased onA.Family traditionsB.Financialreports.C.Published statisticsD.Public opinions.⑷What isthe textmainlyaboutA.Lifestyles indifferent countries.B.Conflicts betweengenerations.C.A housingproblem inBritain.D.A risingtrend ofliving inthe UK.典例力量挑战****3全国乙卷*阅读理解篇Passage12021BWhen almosteveryone hasa mobilephone,why aremore thanhalf ofAustralian homesstill payingfora〔座机?landlineThese daysyoud behard pressedtofindanyone inAustralia overthe ageof15who doesntown a mobilephone.In fact,plenty ofyounger kidshave onein theirpocket.Practically everyonecan makeand receivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percent ofAustralians have a landlinephone athome andonly justover aquarter[29%rely onlyon theirsmart phones,according toa survey.Of thoseAustralians whotill havea landline,a thirdconcede thatits notreallynecessary andtheyre keepingit asa securityblanket——19percent saythey neveruse itwhile afurther13percentkeep itin caseof emergencies.!think myhome fallsinto thatcategory.一More thanhalf ofAustralian homesare stillchoosing tostick withtheir home phone.Age isnaturally afactoronly58percent ofGeneration Ysstill uselandlines nowand then,pared to84percent ofBaby Boomerswhove perhapshadthesamehome numberfor50years.Age isntthe onlyfactor.Id sayits alsotodowiththemakeup ofyourhousehold.Generation Xerswith youngfamilies,like mywife andI,can stillfind itconvenient tohaveahomephoneratherthan providingamobilephone forevery familymember.That said,tobehonest theonly peoplewho everring ourhomephone areour BabyBoomers parents,tothepoint wherewe playa gameand guesswho iscalling beforewe pickup thephoneusing CallerID wouldtake thefun outofit.How attachedare youto yourlandline Howlong untilthey gothe wayof gasstreet lampsand morningmilkdeliveries1What doesparagraph2mainly tellus aboutmobile phonesA.Their targetusers.B.Their widepopularity.C.Their majorfunctions.D.Their plexdesign.⑵What doesthe underlinedword concedein paragraph3meanA.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.3What canwe sayabout BabyBoomers A.They likesmartphonegames.B.They enjoyguessing callers1identity.C.They keepusing landlinephones.D.They areattachedtotheir family.4What canbe infeiredabout thelandline fromthe lastparagraph A.It remainsa familynecessity.B.It willfall outof usesome day.C.It mayincrease dailyexpenses.D.It isas importantas thegas light.新高考卷宗阅读理解篇Passage22020I DAccordingtoarecent studyintheJournal ofConsumer Research,boththesize andconsumption habitsof oureatingpanions caninfluence ourfood intake.And contraryto existingresearch thatsays youshould avoideating with〔份,heavier peoplewho orderlarge portionsits thebeanpoles withbig appetitesyou reallyneed toavoid.To testthe effectof socialinfluence oneating habits,the researchersconducted twoexperiments.In thefirst,95夕卜表上undergraduate womenwere individuallyinvited intoa labto ostensiblyparticipate ina studyabout movieviewership.Before thefilm began,each womanwas askedtohelpherself toa snack.An actorhired bythe researchersgrabbedher foodfirst.In hernatural state,the actorweighed105pounds.But inhalf thecases shewore aspeciallydesigned fatsuit whichincreased her weight to180pounds.Both thefat andthin versionsoftheactor tooka largeamount offood.The participantsfollowed suit,taking morefoodthan theynormally wouldhave.However,they tooksignificantly morewhentheactor wasthin.For thesecond test,in onecase thethin actortook twopieces ofcandy fromthe snackbowls.In theother case,she took30pieces.The resultswere similartothefirst testthe participantsfollowed suitbut tooksignificantly morecandywhen thethin actortook30pieces.The testsshow thatthe socialenvironment isextremely influentialwhen weremaking decisions.If thisfellowparticipant isgoing toeat more,so willLCall itthe PHhave whatshes havingeffect.However,well adjusttheinfluence.If anoverweight personis havinga largeportion,Ill holdbackabit becauseI seethe resultsof hiseatinghabits.But ifa thinperson eatsa lot,Ill followsuit.If hecan eatmuch andkeep slim,why cantI⑴What isthe recentstudy mainlyaboutA.Food safety.B.Movie viewership.C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behaviour.⑵What doesthe underlinedword beanpoles”in Paragraph1refer toA.Big eaters.B.Overweight persons.C.Picky eaters.D.Tall thinpersons.3Why didthe researchershire theactorA.To seehow she would affectthe participantsB.To testif theparticipants couldrecognize her.C.To findout whatshewoulddo inthe twotests.D.To studywhy shecould keepherweightdown.⑷On whatbasis dowe adjustthe influence1according tothe lastparagraphA.How hungrywe are.B.How slimwe wanttobe.C.How weperceive others.D.How wefeel aboutthe food.。