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绝密★启用前年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标卷)2023I英语注意事项答卷前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条
1.形码粘贴区选择题必须使用铅笔填涂;非选择题,字体工整、笔迹清楚
2.2B请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在
3.草稿纸、试卷上答题无效.作图可先试用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑
4.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀5第一部分听力(共两节,满分分)30做题时,先将答案标在试卷上录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上第一节(共小题;每小题分,满分分)
51.
57.5听下面段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的、、三个选项中选出最佳5A BC选项听完每段对话后,你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅10读一遍例How muchis theshirtA.£
19.
15.B.£
9.
18.C.£
9.
15.答案是C
1.What willJack probablydo thisweekendA.Go camping.B.Visit a friend.C.Watch afilm.
2.What doesthe womanask the man to doA.Take careof herbags.B.Pack thefood forher.C.Check thetrain schedule.
3.When willthe mansee BobA.This Friday.B.This Saturday.C.Next Monday.
4.Why doesthemanapologizeA.For theterrible food.B.For theovercharge.C.For the waiters rudeness.
5.What arethe speakerstalking aboutA.Writing abook.B.Holding acelebration.C.Buying apresent.第二节(共15小题;每小题L5分,满分22・5分)听下面段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的、、三个选5A BC项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题秒钟;听完后,5各小题将给出秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍5听下面一段对话,回答第和第两个小题67(银匠)I chosePaul Reveredhorse asmy subject.Paul Reverewas asilversmith inBoston whorodea horseat nighton April18,1775to Lexington to warnpeople thatBritish soldierswere coming.My storywould comestraight from the horsesmouth.Not abrilliant idea,but funny;and unlikelyto beanyoneelses choice.What didthe horsethink,as hesped throughthe nightDid heget tiredHave doubtsDid hewantto quitI sympathizedimmediately.I gottired.I haddoubts.I wantedto quit.But,like Reveredhorse,Ikept going.I workedhard.I checkedmy spelling.I askedmy oldersister tocorrect mygrammar.Ichecked out a half-dozen bookson PaulRevere from the library.I evenread afew of them.When Ihanded in the essayto myteacher,he readit,laughed outloud,and said,Great Now,writeit again.I wroteit again,and again and again.When Ifinally finishedit,the thoughtof winninghadgiven way to theenjoyment ofwriting.If I didnt win,I wouldntcare.注意续写词数应为个左右
1.150请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
2.A fewweeks later,when I almost forgot the contest,there camethe news.I wentto myteacher9s office after the award presentation.参考答案及解析第一部分听力1-5CABBC6-10CBABC11-15ACABA16-20CCABA第二部分阅读第一节A本文是一篇应用文文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹提供自行车租赁服务的公司和带MacBike导游的环城之旅的相关信息细节理解题根据部分第三句
21.B WhyMacBike“We offerthe newestbicycles in a widevariety...可知,的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车故选MacBike B细节理解题根据价格表可知,租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要欧元,每增加一天
22.C多欧元所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要欧元()故选
814.75+8=o C细节理解题根据文章最后一段
23.D“The tourdeparts fromDam Squareevery houron thehour,可知,带导游的环城之旅从大坝广场开始故选starting at1:00pm everyday.DB本文是一篇记叙文文章讲述了从小就勇于探索,好奇心强,他很关注大自然John Todd处理问题的方式大学毕业后,他成功设计出一个生态机器来处理污泥之后他利用自然界生态系统可以自我修复的原理来净化污水,他将之称为“生态设计”
24.C推理判断题根据第一段第一句中的uWhen JohnTodd was a child,he lovedto explorethe、第三句中的woods around his house“John startedto wonderif thisprocess couldbe used to clean,以及第二段第一句中的up the messes people were making““John wentback toobserving nature可推知,约翰好奇心很强故选and askingquestions Co推理判断题根据第二段最后两句
25.D maybehe couldclean upwaste the way naturedid.He decided以及第三段第一句to buildwhat hewould latercall an eco-machine.”The taskJohn setfor himself(污泥).“可推知,约翰把污泥放进去是was toremove harmfulsubstances fromsome sludge为了测试生态机器处理污泥的效果故选Do推理判断题根据倒数第二段最后一句
26.B He also designed aneco-machine toclean canalwater可知,在福州设计了一个生态机器来清理运河水由in Fuzhou,a cityin southeastChina.”John此可推知,作者提到福州的目的是展示的理念的应用情况故选John B细节理解题根据最后一段最后两句
27.A You put organisms in new relationships and observe whafshappening.Then youlet thesenew systemsdevelop their own waystoself-repair.n可知,约翰的研究依据是自然界生态系统,他认为生态系统具有自我修复的能力故选AC本文是一本书的序言文章主要介绍了该书的写作目的和框架结构,告诉读者数字时代极简主义生活方式的优点,以及如何做到极简生活
28.B推理判断题根据第一段中的“to make the casefor digitalminimalism,,及“to teachyou howtoadopt thisphilosophy,,可知,这本书解释什么是数字极简主义,并教你如何采用这种理念由此可推知,这本书的目的是倡导简约数字生活方式故选B词义猜测题根据画线词下文
29.A“This processrequires you to stepaway fromoptional onlineactivities for thirty days.At theend of the thirty days,you willthen addback asmall number ofcarefully chosen online activitiesthat youbelieve willprovide massivebenefits to the thingsyou可知,这个过程要求你在天内远离自己喜欢的线上活动天后,value.digital declutter”3030你再加回一些你精心挑选的、对你重视的东西有巨大好处的线上活动这一过程是对线上活动的清理由此可推知,画线词的意思是“清理”,declutteruclear-upv与之意思一致故选A
30.C细节理解题根据题干中的u the final chapter of partone定位至倒数第二段,由该段最后一句“Youll hearthese participants,stories andlearn whatstrategies workedwell forthem,and what可知,作者讲述了——些实验参与者的事例供读者traps they encountered that you should avoid.”参考故选C
31.A推理判断题根据最后一段最后一句u You can view these practices asa toolbox meant to aid可推知,作your effortsto builda minimalistlifestyle thatworks for your particularcircumstances.者建议读者对第二部分中提及的做法,根据实际需要去使用故选AD本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了有关“群体智慧”效应的基本原理以及叫Jo uinNavajas在此基础上的进一步研究——允许互相讨论的小组比同等数量的独立个体有更准确的预测段落大意题根据第二段第一句及第三句
32.B This effect capitalizes on the fact that“When enoughof these errorsare averagedtogether,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.”可知,该段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑,即独立估算的平均值如何由于误差的消除而得出较准确的预测故选B细节理解题根据第二段内容可知,“群体智慧”效应注重的是独立,再由题干中的
33.D“Navajas,study”可定位至第三段,题干中的uthe average accuracy could increase^与该段第二句中的“the averagesfrom thesegroups were more accuratev为同义替换再根据“when crowdswerefurther divided into smallergroups thatwere allowedto havea discussion,the averagesfrom thesegroups可知,当把群体进一weremoreaccurate thanthose froman equalnumber of independent individuals.步分成允许讨论的小组时,他们比独立的个体能得出更为准确的预测也就是说,即使预测不是完全独立的,平均值的准确度也能提高故选D推理判断题根据题干中的可定位至倒数第二段,再由
34.C“the follow-up study“the researchers.”及后面一连tried to get abetter senseof what the group members actually did in their discussion串的提问可推知,后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程故选C观点态度题根据最后一段内容尤其是
35.D“the potentialimplications for group discussion anddecision-making areenormousv可知,虽然Navajas的研究仍然有局限性和很多问题,但对于小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的由此可推知,作者对于研究的态度是赞许的Navajas故选D第二节本文是一篇说明文文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕,并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信通过列出个人的优点和自己的善行,人们可以学会原谅自己的错误,并从中成长空
36.D前讲人都会犯错,勇于承担责任固然重要,但是也不要因此过于自责结合空后u You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.v中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断,空处的内容应该和“不要太自责”相近项“宽恕自己也同样重要”与D“不要太自责”语意相近,起承上启下的作用故选D根据空前的可知,该段内容与个人优势有关,而空后举例说明了几项优
37.B“Personal strengths.点项“现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点”符合上下文内容,且项中的B B“you like与该段最后的呼应故选about yourself”“youre proud of”B根据该段第一句中的可知,该段与所做的好事有关空前讲了你帮忙去
38.F“Acts ofkindness.”做生活中的小事的一些例子结合选项可知,项“不管是什么,不管它看起来有多小,都F要把它写下来”与上文内容一致,是对上文内容的归纳故选F
39.C根据空后的u That way,you couldexchange thoughtson what makes each of you special and theaspects of your personalitythat shinethrough.v可知,空处提到了某种方式,这种方式会使你和朋友们一起交换意见等项“他们甚至可能想试一试做这个练习”符合语境,项中的C C与空前的呼应故选“They”a friend or family member^C根据空前的(陈词滥调)
40.G“Its somethingof acliche that most people learn not from their successes可知,作者认为人是从错误中学习项“不管你犯了but theirmistakes.The thingis,ifs true.”G什么错误,记住这不是你性格中固定的一面”符合语境,项中的G“it isnt a fixed aspect ofyour与空后的personality^“We reall changingand learningall the time andmistakes area positiveway内容一致,指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面,我们是从错误中成to developand grow.”长起来的故选G第三部分语言运用第一节本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中,背Melanie Bailey着另一个受伤的参赛者过终点线并接受医疗救助的故事Danielle Lenoue
41.D考查动词辨析根据第二段中的ucarried herall theway to the finishline,可知,Bailey在比赛中背着另一名受伤的参赛者,所以完成比赛晚了,因此该句表示本应该更早完“Melanie Bailey成比赛”故选D
42.A考查名词辨析根据空前的uMelanie Baileyshould have...earlier thanshe did”可知,Melanie到达终点的时间比预期的晚,即她的比赛受到了耽搁此处在解释她到得晚的原因Bailey意为“延迟;耽搁故选delay A
43.D考查名词辨析根据第二段中的uto help her fellow runner,Danielle Lenoueucarried herall the可知,是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线way to the finishline”Melanie Bailey故选Do
44.A考查名词辨析根据第一段中的uhundreds ofrunners competedinacross-country race”可知,正在参加越野赛跑比赛,此处是说她已经跑完了超过三分之二的赛程故选Melanie BaileyA
45.C考查动词辨析根据上文可知,Melanie Bailey正在比赛,根据空后的“to helpher fellowrunnerv可知,她停下来帮助她的同伴意为“停下来去做某事”,符Danielle Lenouestop to do sth.合语境故选C考查名词辨析根据空前的可知,此处表示扶着她的胳膊,看她
46.B“Bailey tookher arm”Bailey是否能在她的帮助下向前走意为“帮助”故选aid B考查动词词组辨析根据空后的可知,弯下腰,让
47.D“let Lenoue climb onto her back”Bailey爬到她的背上意为“弯下腰”故选Lenoue benddown D
48.A考查形容词辨析根据上文中的“began cryingin pain”以及下文中的uOnce there,Lenoue was可矢口,送去接受治and later taken to a hospitalBailey Danielle Lenoue疗意为“医疗处理”,符合语境故选medical attentionA考查动词辨析根据空后的可知,是先接受了检查,
49.B“latertaken to a hospital”Danielle Lenoue再被送往医院,也就是先接受了(身体状况的)评估意为“评估”故选assess B考查名词辨析根据上文中的可知,如果没有的帮助,
50.B“began cryingin pain”Bailey Lenoue可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达救助站故选B考查形容词辨析根据下文中的可知,此处对于后面这
51.C“why her act is considered…”Bailey件事的原因感到困惑意为“困惑的”故选confused C考查名词辨析根据下文中的可知,觉得
52.D“I feellike Iwas justdoing theright thing.”Bailey自己只是做了正确的事情,她并不认为自己的行为有多么了不起意为“非常重要a bigdeal的事”,符合语境故选D考查动词辨析根据空前的以及上文提到一路背着走到
53.A“She was just crying”Bailey Lenoue终点线可知,看见痛苦地哭泣,她觉得自己不能丢下她不管意为“离开,Bailey Lenoueleave丢下故选A考查名词辨析根据第一段中的及空
54.C“hundreds ofrunners competedinacross-country race”前的可知,这两名年轻女子在比赛之前是陌生人“the two young women were strangers before”在此处为熟词生义,意为“比赛”,符合语境故选meet C考查名词辨析根据上文可知,背着另一个受伤的参赛者过终点线,去让她接受医
55.B Bailey疗救助,这展示了人类的善良意为“展示”,符合语境故选display B第二节本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包,讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地,以及制作方法等考查词性转换句意小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁
56.tasty和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃分析句子结构并结合句意可知,该处与并hot列,修饰后面的名词应用的形容词形式意为“美味的”故填soup,taste tasty,tasty o考查非谓语动词句意吃小笼包的时候,要么先咬一小口,放出热气,汤汁也会随
57.to bite之溢出,要么把整个小笼包放进嘴里,感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉该处构成u whetherto dov结构,表示“要么”,且与后面并列故填to putto bite考查连词句意同上该处构成结构,表示“要么……要么……”故填
58.or“whether…or…”oro考查非谓语动词句意上海也许是公认的小笼包的故乡,但食物历史学家实际
59.recognized上会给你指出,邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处作定语,修饰名词与被修饰词是逻辑上的动宾关系,应填过home recognize home去分词作定语,意为“公认的故填recognized recognized考查介词句意小笼包的皮是用手压出来的,而不是(用擀面杖)擀出来的该处考查
60.by固定搭配,意为“用手的;手工的故填by hand”by考查非谓语动词句意最好的小笼包外皮很薄,从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂
61.to belifted或洒出任何馅料儿根据搭配意为“允许某人做某事”可知,空处需用“allow sb.tod sth.”动词不定式作宾语补足语,与是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用动词不定式的被动形式lift them故填to beliftedo考查代词句意同上分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的名词应用形容词性
62.their contents,物主代词故填their考查冠词句意肉应该是新鲜的,有点甜,汤应该是热的,清爽又美味分析句子结构
63.a并结合句意可知,该处考查结构,意为“少量某物;一点儿某物”“a touchof sth.”a touchof意为“一点点甜;一丝甜”故填sweetness a考查词性转换分析句子结构可知,该处修饰后面的形容词应用的副词形
64.rarely enough,rare式意为“几乎不够”故填rarely rarelyenough rarely考查非谓语动词句意无论我在哪里买,一笼都不够,两笼又显得太贪心了,所
65.wanting以我总是吃完之后想下次再多吃一点分析句子结构可知,这句话中已有谓语动词所am left,以作非谓语,与逻辑主语是主动关系,所以应用的现在分词形式故填want wantI wantwanting第四部分写作第一节参考范文Dear Ryan,I amyour studentLi Hua.After learningabout theway ofgrouping forthe oralEnglish class,I wouldliketo offersome ofmy suggestions.I admitthat random grouping maylead tomore communication as wellas interaction,but therecanalso besome potentialproblems.First of all,randomgroupingcan resultin studentswith imbalancedspeakingcompetence beingpaired together.Both thestronger studentsand theweaker oneswill definitelyfeelupset andworried withsome feelingconfident whileothers feelingseverely discouraged.Additionally,some studentsmay feelembarrassed chattingwith peoplethey areunfamiliar with.Therefore,will itbe possiblethat youconsider someother waysSuch asgrouping studentsaccordingto theirEnglish levelsOr canyou carryoutaquestionnaire toask thestudents I can helpifneeded.Looking forwardto yourreply.Yours sincerely,第二节参考范文Li HuaWhen Ialmostforgot thecontest,the newscame.It was a phonecall sayingthat Iwasawinner.When Iknew Iwon theprize,a wideexcitement tookhold ofme.I rushedto mymother withexcitementand sharedthe fantasticnews with her.On hearingof theunexpected news,she wasso surprisedthat shefrozewithhermouth wideopen.After awhile,excited tearsstreamed downher cheeks.After that,bathedin thewarm sunshine,we madeour wayto theaward presentation.On theway mymother remindme thatwithoutmy teachersencouragement Iwouldnt havemade muchprogress inwriting inEnglish.I wentto theteacher fsofficeaftertheawardpresentation.With tearsin myeyes I said tohim,“Iwould liketo expressmy heartfeltgratitude to you fbryour timelyhelp.It wasyour encouragementthatmade mebrave enoughto signup forthe competition.He steppedforward,patted me on theshoulder,andsaid softly,Where there is awill,thereis a way.^^We huggedeach otheras tightlyas possibleand oureyeswere filledwith tears.Only thendid Irealize thatit wasbravery anddetermination thatcouldconquer all the difficulties.Hard workpaid offeventually.听力材料Text1W:Jack,are yougoing campingwith yourfriends thisweekendM:It depends.If itssunny,well go.W:The weathermansays itsgoing torain.M:In thatcase,well gotothecinema instead.Text2W:Excuse me,could youmind mybags fora momentI wantto buysome foodat theconvenience store.M:No problem.But bequick.It wasannounced that my trainwill amvein10minutes.Text3W:Bob cameout ofhospital lastFriday.Have yougot achance tovisit himM:I planto seehim thisSaturday.W:Arent yougoing tothe conferencethenM:No.It has been rescheduledfor nextMonday.Text4M:Sorry,Miss.We made a terriblemistake addingup thebill.Here is the tendollars wehave toreturn toyou.W:Oh,I didntnotice that.Its OK.Dont blamethewaiter.Hes beenreally nice.Text5W:Do youthink weshould getSteve abook forthe NewYearM:Books aregood.But Stevewouldnt takejust anybook.He hasto havethis particularone ongeography.Text6M:Hello,Sarah.W:Hello,David.I cantcome fbrdinner tonight.Sorry.M:Oh,what happenedW:Weve gota newcase andthings getpretty crazyhere inthe office.M:Well,then Illcome toyou.W:No,no,not tonight.Let mesee ifIcanarrange anothernight.M:Sarah,please.We needto talk.Its aboutmy job.W:Then tellmeon the phone.M:No,its betterif wedo itin person.How abouttomorrow nightW:Tm notsure.You cangive mea calltomorrow afternoon.M:OK.Text7W:Jim willcall onus thisafternoon.Do youknow where he isnowM:Er...wait.Let mesee.He hassent twomessages sayingthat hesdone withhis workat theoffice andgota taxiand...and hellarrive intwenty minutes.W:We cantkeep himwaiting outsideour home.We have to hurry.M:But ittakes atleast halfan hourtogetout of the citycenter bybus.Look atthe traffic.W:Lets getoff.We cansave atleast twentyminutes bywalking throughthe park.M:Are yousureW:Yes.A hundredpercent.Text8W:Morning,Mark.M:Morning,Clara.How wasyour weekendW:Great.I wentto mygrandpa9s.He invitedus topick vegetableson hisfarm.My daughterhad agreattime there.What aboutyouM:Oh,I hada trulyincredible experience.I droppedby ayard saleon Saturdayand gotseveral books.W:NovelsM:A noveland twopoetry collections.As Ileafed throughthe novel,a piece of paperfell out.It wasanair ticketfrom
2012.The flightwas fromLos Angeles to Chicagoand thename on the ticketwasAshley Louis.W:Was itM:Yes.Ashley,my sister.In2012,she livedin Los Angeles andher husbandworked inChicago.Both ofthemoften flewbetween thetwo cities.I askedthe sellerwherehegotthe book.He saidit wasboughtat a second-hand bookstorein LosAngeles threeyears ago.Last year,he andhis familymoved fromLosAngelestoPhiladelphia.W:So,all theway crossthe country,your sistersold booklanded inyour hands.Thats reallycrazy.Text9W:Victor,youve beenhere inIndiana forsix weeksnow.How areyou feelingM:I think Ive gotused tocollege life,going toclasses,working outand hangingout withmy friends.Though there5s pressureto meetdeadlines,life hereis neverboring.W:Whats beenhard aboutbeing anIndiana basketballplayerM:Well,the trainingis verycompetitive,weightlifting andrunning everyday.Its notlike highschool.Inhigh school,I reallydidnt havetodothat.Fm justtrying toget usedto it.And I thinkIam.W:At thispoint,how do you seeyourself fittinginto thisgroupM:I thinkwere alldifferent.George isfrom Britain.Chris andLeo arefrom Australia.Tm fromFrance.And therest areAmericans.But Iget alongwith everybody.You know,we arereally startingto bond.Ifs greatto seehow wegrow eachday asa team.W:Thanks,Victor.I wishyou avery happyand fruitfulstay inIndiana.Text10W:Good evening,dear listeners.When was the lasttime youenjoyed leisureactivities Doyou wanttolive afull andhappy lifeToday,Im goingto introducetoyoua magazinethat featuresthe artofliving.The Idlerwas launchedby TomHodgkinson,back in
1993.With theintention ofproviding abitof fun,freedom andachievement ina busyworld,it isnow publishedbimonthly.In everyissue,you will find aninteresting mixof interviewsand essayson thegood life,history,philosophy,arts andfashionphotography.You willfind muchto laughat andmuch usefulstuff aswell,from recipesformaking baconto guidesto housekeeping.If youever feltthat thereis moreto lifethan boringjobs,then whynot subscribeto itThe Idlerisacheering readthat makesyou feelbetter aboutlife.You candownloadthe applicationand subscribetoday toget yourfirst issuefree.
6.Why doesSara makethe phonecallA.To askfor advice.B.To arrangean outing.C.To cancelan appointment.
7.What doesDavid wantto doA.Go toa dinnerparty.B.Talk toSara inperson.C.Work onthe newcase.听下面一段对话,回答第和第两个小题
898.Where isJim nowA.In ataxi.B.On abus.C.In hisoffice.
9.What is the womanssuggestionA.Going tothe citycenter.B.Taking ashort cuthome.C.Meeting Jiminthepark.听下面一段对话,回答第至第四个小题
101310.What didClara doattheweekendA.She plantedvegetables.B.She wenttoayard sale.C.She visitedher grandpa.
11.What didMark findinside one of the books heboughtA.A planeticket.B.A familyphoto.C.A postcard.
12.Where doesMark liveA.LosAngeles.B.Chicago.C.Philadelphia.
13.What isthe relationshipbetween Markand AshleyA.Brother andsister.B.Husband andwife.C.Father anddaughter.听下面一段对话,回答第至第四个小题
141714.What isprobably thewomanA.A teacher.B.A journalist.C.An athlete.
15.What doesVictor finddifficult asa memberof thebasketball teamA.Adapting himselftotheintense training.B.Dealing withthe pressurefrom thecoach.C.Regaining theskills learnedin highschool.
16.What doesVictor sayabout theplayers onthe teamA.They areof the same age.B.They aresimilar incharacter.C.They arefrom differentcountries.
17.How doesVictor feelabout histeam nowA.Its aboutto breakup.B.Ws the best inIndiana.C.Its gettingstronger.听下面一段独白,回答第至第三个小题
182018.Who isTom HodgkinsonA.Founder of a magazine.B.Publisher ofa novel.C.Editor ofa newspaper.
19.What dowe knowabout thecontent ofThe Idler!A.Its old-fashioned.B.Its wide-ranging.C.Its student-targeted.
20.Why doesthe speakergive thetalkA.To doa promotion.B.To discussan issue.C.To introducea lecturer.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分分)50第一节(共小题;每小题分,满分分)
152.53阅读下列短文,从每题所给的、、、四个选项中选出最佳选项A BC DABikeRentalGuided ToursWelcometo Amsterdam,welcome toMacBike.You seemuch morefromtheseat ofa bike!Cyclingis themost economical,sustainable andfun wayto explorethe city,with itsbeautiful canals,parks,squares andcountless lights.You canalso bikealong lovelylandscapes outsideof Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBikehasbeenaround foralmost30years andisthebiggest bicyclerental companyinAmsterdam.With over2,500bikes storedin ourfive rental shops atstrategic locations,we makesurethere isalways abike availableforyou.We offerthe newestbicycles ina widevariety,including basic(杀车),(排挡),bikes withfoot brakeU bikeswith hand brake andgears bikeswith childseats,andchildrens bikes.PricesHand Brake,Three GearsFoot Brake,No Gears1hour€3hour()1fly24hoursEach additionaldayGuided CityToursThe
2.5-hour tourcovers theGooyer Windmill,the SkinnyBridge,the Rijksmuseum,HeinekenBrewery andmuch more.The tourdeparts fromDam Squareevery houronthehour,starting at1:00pmevery day.You canbuy yourticket ina MacBikeshop orbook online.
21.What isan advantageof MacBikeA.It giveschildren adiscount.B.It offersmany typesof bikes.C.It organizesfree cycletours.D.It hasover2,500rentalshops.
22.How muchdoyoupay forrenting abike withhandbrakeand threegears fortwo daysA.€
15.
75.B.€
19.
50.C.€
22.
75.D.€
29.
50.A.The Gooyer,Windmill.B.The SkinnyBridge.C.Heineken Brewery.D.Dam Square.
23.Where doesthe guidedcity tourstartWhen JohnTodd wasa child,he lovedto explorethe woodsaroundhishouse,observing hownaturesolved problems.A dirtystream,for example,often becameclear afterflowing throughplants andalongrocks wheretiny creatures lived.When hegot older,John startedto wonderif thisprocess couldbe usedtoclean upthemessespeopleweremaking.After studyingagriculture,medicine,and fisheriesin college,John wentback toobserving nature侈田菌)?and askingquestions.Why cancertain plantstrap harmfulbacteria Whichkinds offish caneatcancer-causing chemicalsWith theright combinationof animalsand plants,he figured,maybe hecouldclean upwaste theway naturedid.He decidedto buildwhat hewould latercall aneco-machine.(污泥).The taskJohn setfor himselfwas toremove harmfulsubstances fromsome sludgeFirst,he constructeda seriesof clearfiberglass tanksconnected toeach other.Then hewent aroundto localpondsand streamsand broughtback someplants and animals.He placedthem inthe tanksand waited.Little bylittle,these differentkinds oflife gotusedtoone anotherand formedtheirownecosystem.Aftera fewweeks,John addedthe sludge.He wasamazed atthe results.The plantsandanimalsinthe eco-machine tookthe sludgeas foodandbegan toeat it!Within weeks,it hadall beendigested,and allthat wasleft waspure water.Over theyears,John hastaken onmany bigjobs.He developeda greenhouse-like facilitythat(,亏水)treated sewagefrom1,600homes inSouth Burlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machine tocleancanal waterin Fuzhou,a cityin southeastChina.Ecological design”isthename Johngives towhat hedoes.Life onEarth iskind ofa boxof sparepartsfbr theinventor,he says.Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhats happening.Then youlet thesenew systemsdevelop theirown waysto selRrepair.”
24.What canwe learnabout Johnfromthefirst twoparagraphsA.He wasfond oftraveling.B.He enjoyedbeing alone.C.He hadan inquiringmind.D.He longedto bea doctor.
25.Why didJohn put the sludgeinto thetanksA.To feedthe animals.B.To buildan ecosystem.C.To protectthe plants.D.To testtheeco-machine.A.To reviewJohns researchplans.B.To showan applicationof Johnsidea.C.To compareJohns differentjobs.D.To erasedoubts aboutJohns invention.
27.What isthe basisfbr Johnswork
26.What isthe authorspurpose inmentioning FuzhouA.Nature canrepair itself.B.Organisms needwater tosurvive.C.Life onEarth isdiverse.D.Most tinycreatureslivein groups.The goalof this book isto makethe casefor digitalminimalism,including a detailed explorationofwhat it asks andwhy itworks,and thento teachyou howto adoptthis philosophyif youdecide itsrightfbr you.To doso,I dividedthebookinto twoparts.In partone,I describe the philosophicalfoundations ofdigitalminimalism,starting withan examinationof theforces thatare makingso manypeoples digitallivesincreasingly intolerable,before movingontoadetaileddiscussion of the digitalminimalismphilosophy.Part oneconcludes byintroducing mysuggested methodfor adoptingthis philosophy:the digitaldeclutter.This processrequires youto stepaway fromoptional onlineactivitiesforthirtydays.At theendof thethirtydays,you willthen addback asmall numberof carefullychosenonlineactivities thatyoubelieve willprovide massivebenefits tothe thingsyou value.In thefinal chapterof partone,Til guideyou throughcarrying outyour owndigital declutter.Indoing so,Ill drawonanexperiment Iran in2018in whichover1,600people agreedto performa digitaldeclutter.Youll hearthese participants9stories andlearn whatstrategies workedwell forthem,and whattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.(培养)The secondpart ofthisbooktakes acloser lookat someideas thatwill helpyou cultivateasustainable digitalminimalism lifestyle.In thesechapters,I examineissues suchastheimportance of(独处)solitude and the necessityof cultivatinghigh-quality leisureto replacethetimemost nowspendon mindlessdevice use.Each chapterconcludes witha collectionof practices,which aredesigned to helpyou actonthebig ideasof thechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaid youreffortsto builda minimalistlifestyle thatworks foryour particularcircumstances.
28.What isthebookaimed atA.Teaching criticalthinking skills.B.Advocating asimple digitallifestyle.C.Solving philosophicalproblems.D.Promoting theuse ofa digitaldevice.
29.What doesthe underlinedword declutter“in paragraph3meanA.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.
30.What ispresented inthefinalchapterofpart oneA.Theoretical models.B.Statistical methods.C.Practical examples.D.Historical analyses.
31.What doesthe authorsuggest readersdo withthe practicesoffered inpart twoA.Use themas needed.B.Recommend themto friends.C.Evaluate theireffects.D.Identify theideas behindthem.DOn March7,1907,the Englishstatistician FrancisGalton publisheda paperwhich illustratedwhathas cometo beknown asthe wisdomof crowds“effect.The experimentof estimationhe conductedshowedthat insome cases,the averageofalarge numberofindependentestimates couldbe quiteaccurate.Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthat whenpeople makeerrors,those errorsarent alwaysthesame.Some peoplewill tend to overestimate,and someto underestimate.When enoughof theseerrors areaveragedtogether,they canceleach otherout,resulting ina moreaccurate estimate.If peopleare similarandtend to makethesame errors,then theirerrors wontcanceleachotherout.In moretechnical terms,the wisdomof crowdsrequires thatpeoples estimatesbe independent.If,fbr whateverreasons,peopleserrors becomecorrelated ordependent,the accuracyof theestimate willgo down.(转折)But anew studyled byJoaquin Navajasoffered aninteresting twiston thisclassicphenomenon.The keyfinding ofthe studywas thatwhen crowdswere furtherdividedintosmallergroups thatwere allowedto havea discussion,the averagesfrom thesegroups weremoreaccurate thanthose froman equalnumberofindependent individuals.For instance,the averageobtained fromtheestimates offour discussiongroups offive wassignificantly moreaccuratethanthe averageobtainedfrom20independent individuals.In afollow-up studywith100university students,the researcherstried toget abetter senseof whatthegroupmembersactuallydidin theirdiscussion.Did theytendtogo withthose mostconfident abouttheirestimates Didthey followthose leastwilling tochange theirminds Thishappened someof thetime,but itwasnt thedominant response.Most frequently,the groupsreported that they sharedargumentsand reasonedtogether.Somehow,these argumentsand reasoningresulted ina globalreductionin error.Although thestudies ledby Navajashave limitationsand manyquestions remain,the potentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussion anddecision-making areenormous.
32.What isparagraph2ofthetext mainlyaboutA.The methodsof estimation.B.The underlyinglogic ofthe effect.C.The causesof peopleserrors.D.The designof Galtonsexperiment.A.the crowdswere relativelysmall B.there wereoccasional underestimatesC.individuals didnot communicateD.estimates werenot fullyindependent
34.What didthe follow-up studyfocus onA.The sizeofthegroups.B.The dominantmembers.C.The discussionprocess.D.The individualestimates.
33.Navajas9study foundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseeven if
35.What isthe authorsattitude towardNavajas5studiesA.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.第二节(共小题;每小题分,满分分)
52.51阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Personal ForgivenessTakingresponsibility formistakes isa positivestep,but dontbeat yourselfup aboutthem.To err(才错)E ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.In ajournal oronapieceofpaper,put theheading Personalstrengths.37Are youcaringCreative GenerousA goodlistener Funto bearound Theydont haveto beworld-changing,justaspects ofyour personalitythat youreproudof.At thetop ofasecondpage,puttheheading“Acts ofkindness.On thisone,list all the positivethingsyouve donefor others.It mightbe thetime whenyou helpedafriendwith theirhomework,whenyou didthe ironingwithout beingasked,or whenyou bakedcookies afterthe familyhad hada tiringday.38You couldask afriendorfamilymembertohelpadd toyour list.39Thatway,you couldexchangethoughts onwhatmakeseachofyouspecialand theaspects ofyour personalitythat shinethrough.In fact,dont waituntil youvemadeamistake totry this—ifs agreat wayto boostself-confidence atany time.(陈词常调)Ifs somethingofacliche ilthatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbut theirmistakes.The thingis,its true.40We reall changingand learningall thetime andmistakes areapositive wayto developand grow.A.A littleself-forgiveness alsogoes along way.B.Now listallthecharacteristics youlike aboutyourself.C.They mighteven liketo havea goat doing the exercise.D.It9sjustas importantto showyourself someforgiveness.E.It doesntmean you havetoignore whatshappened orforget it.F.Whatever itis,no matterhow smallit mightseem,write itdown.G.Whatever themistake,remember itisntafixedaspectofyourpersonality.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分分)第一节(共小题;每小题分,满分分)3015115阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的、、、四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳A BC D选项On Oct.11,hundreds ofrunners competedinacross-country racein Minnesota.Melanie Baileyshouldhave41the courseearlier thanshe did.Her42came becauseshe wascarrying a43across thefinishline.As reportedby alocal newspaper,Bailey wasmore thantwo-thirds ofthewaythrough her44whena runnerin frontof herbegan cryingin pain.She45tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytook herarm tosee ifshe couldwalk forwardwith46,She couldnt.Bailey then47to letLenoueclimbontoherback andcarried herallthewaytothe finishline,thenanother300feet towhere Lenouecould get48attention.Once there,Lenoue was49and latertakentoahospital,where shelearned thatshe hadseriousinjuries inoneofher knees.She wouldhave struggledwith extreme50tomakeit tothat aidcheckpointwithout Baileyshelp.As forBailey,she ismore51about whyheractisconsidereda big52,“She was just crying.Icouldnt53her,“Bailey toldthe reporter.I feellike Iwasjustdoingtheright thing.”Although thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe54,theyve sincebecome friends.
41.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished
42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse
43.A.judgeB.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor
44.A.race B.school C.town D.training
45.A.agreedB.returned C.stopped D.promised
46.A.courageB.aid C.patience D.advice
47.A.went awayB.stood upC.stepped asideD.bent down
48.A.medicalB.public C.constant D.equal
49.A.interruptedB.assessed C.identified D.appreciated
50.A.hungerB.pain C.cold D.tiredness
51.A.worriedB.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged
52.A.gameB.problem C.lesson D.deal
53.A.leaveB.cure C.bother D.understand
54.A.rideB.test C.meet D.show
55.A.secretB.display C.benefit D.exchangeNeither wonthe race,but the55of humankindness wonthe day.第二节共小题;每小题分,满分分
101.515阅读下面短文,在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1Xiao longbao soup dumplings,those amazingconstructions ofdelicate dumplingwrappers,encasing hot,56taste soupand sweet,fresh meat,are farand awaymy favoriteChinese streetfood.Thedumplings arrivesteaming anddangerously hot.To eatone,you haveto decidewhether57bite asmall溢出,hole init first,releasing thestream andrisking aspill58to putthe wholedumpling inyourmouth,letting thehot soupexplode onyour tongue.Shanghai maybethe59recognizehomeofthesoupdumplingsbut foodhistorians willactuallypoint youtotheneighboring canaltown ofNanxiang asXiao longbaos birthplace.There youwillfindthem prepareddifferently-more dumplingand lesssoup,andthewrappers arepressed60hand ratherthan rolled.Nanxiang aside,thebestXiao longbao havea fineskin,allowing them61lift outofthesteamerbasket withouttearing orspilling anyof62they contents.The meatshould befresh with63touch ofsweetnessandthesoup hot,clear anddelicious.No matterwhere Ibuy them,one steameris64rare enough,yet twoseems greedy,so Iam alwaysleft65want morenext time.第四部分写作(共两节,满分分)40第一节(满分分)15假定你是李华,外教准备将学生随机分为两人一组,让大家课后练习口语,你认为Ryan这样分组存在问题请你给外教写一封邮件,内容包括说明问题;
1.提出建议
2.注意写作词数应为个左右;
1.80请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
2.Dear Ryan,Im Li Hua fromClass
3.Yours sincerely,LiHua第二节(满分分)25阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文WhenIwas inmiddle school,my socialstudies teacherasked meto entera writingcontest.Isaidnowithout thinking.Ididnot lovewriting.My familycame fromBrazil,so Englishwas onlymy secondlanguage.Writing wasso difficultand painfulfor methatmyteacher hadallowed meto presentmypaper onthe sinkingoftheTitanic byacting outa play,where Iplayed allthe parts.No onelaughedharder thanhe did.So,why didhe suddenlyforce metodosomething atwhich Iwas sureto failHis reply:BecauseI loveyour stories.If yourewilling toapply yourselfIthinkyouhavea goodshot atthis.Encouraged byhiswords,I agreedto giveitatry.。