还剩12页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
初高中英语语法连接材料第十二讲状语从句Adverbial Clause定义在句中起到副词的功能，修饰主句或主句中动词、形容词、副词的从句，叫做副词性从句按其在句子充当的成分划分，又称为状语从句状语从句的分类状语从句依据表达的意思，可分为9类时间状语从句、地点状语从句、缘由状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句U个坳属连词放在从句前面特点乖序用陈述句语序位置可位于主句前或后；位于主句前时，一般用逗号与主句隔开
1.时间状语从句1when,as,while,after,before,since,once,until,till,as soonas,「等every time/each time,the moment,the minute,immediately,directly,instantly.地点状语从句等2where,wherever状评.缘由状语从句（）等3because,since,as,now that从句.让步？与语从句（用于倒装句）!；4although,though,even if,even though,as,whether...（no Jmatter what/who/how/when=whatever/whoever/九种）（一般置于句首）hov/ever/whenever,while类型.条件状语从句:（）5if,unless,so/as longas,on conditionthat,suppose/supposing that,等providing/provided that.结果状语从句等的状语从句:6so that,so...that...,such...that..L0SO that,in order等that,for fearthat,in case.比拟状语从句:等8as…as,not so/as...as,than,方式状语从句:9as,as if,as though
8.Adverbial Clauseof Manner方式状语从句常常由as,as if和as though引导1as引导的方式状语从句，表示“依据……方式、正如……〃He didas Ihad asked,他依据我的要求做的2as if和as though引导的方式状语从句a.as if和as though表示“好似，仿佛〃She looksas if/though shesangry.她看起来好似生气了b.假如as if/as though引导的从句是“主句+系动词〃的结构，且该主语和主句规律主语一致，可省略“主语+系动词〃He leftthe roomas if he was in anger.他离开了房间，好似生气了She pausedas ifshe was waiting forhim tospeak.她停下来，好似在等他说话He stoodup asifhewas tosay somethingimportant.他站起来，好似要说重要的事比较状语从句
1.Later on,I neverquit whenI wasfaced with a challenge.［用省略句改写—Later on,I neverquit.
2.［2020课标全国H卷］When wepicked fruit on the farm,we alsopromoted ourunderstanding of agriculture.〔用省略句改写）一,we alsopromoted ourunderstandingof agriculture.
3.[2019课标全国HI卷]按方案，它将于下周日下午5点到8点在操场进行Keys:
1.when facedwithachallenge
2.When pickingfruiton thefarm
3.As scheduled,it willbe heldon theplayground from5p.m.to8p.m.next Sunday.模拟练习与真题再现
1.we dontstop climatechange,many animalsand plantsin theworld willbe gone.
2.Lets notpick thesepeaches untilthis weekendso theyget sweetenough to be eaten.
3.birds usetheir feathersfor flight,some of their feathersare forother purposes.
4.If youdont understandsomething,you mayresearch,study,and talkto otherpeopleyou figureit out.
5.online shoppinghas changedour life,not allof itseffects havebeen positive.
1.1really enjoylistening tomusic ithelps merelax andtakes mymindaway fromother caresof theday.
7.the averageage of the populationincreases,there aremore andmore oldpeople tocarefor.
8.Just asingle wordcan changethe meaningof asentence,a singlesentencecan changethe meaningofaparagraph.
9.the damageis done,it willtake manyyears for the farmlandto recover.
10.lt isso coldthat youcan*t gooutside fullycovered inthick clothes.
11.We needto getto theroot of the problemwe cansolve it.
12.scientists havelearned a lot aboutthe universe,there ismuch westill don*t know.
13.he oncefelt likegiving up,he nowhas thedetermination topush furtherand keepongoing.
14.the jobtakes asignificant amountof time,most studentsagree that the experienceisworth it.
15.1believe you will havea wonderfultime hereyou getto knoweveryoneelse.
16.There isonly onemore dayto goyour favoritemusic groupplaylive.
17.1f youmiss thischance,it maybe yearsyou getanother one.
18.The meaningoftheword nicechanged afew timesit finallycameto includethe sensepleasant.
19.You willnever gainsuccess you are fullydevoted toyour work.
20.The youngcouple,who returnedmy lostwallet,left Icould askfortheir names.
21.It wasthe middleofthenight myfather wokeme upand toldmeto watchthe footballgame.
1.11fs mucheasier tomake friendsyou havesimilar interests.
23.He smiledpolitely Maryapologized forher drunkenfriends.
24.Mark needsto learnChinese hispany isopening abranch inBeijing.
25.You mustlearn toconsult yourfeelings andyour reasonyoureach anydecision.
26.She saysthat shellhave toclose theshop businessimproves.
17.1have heardalotof goodthings aboutyou Icame backfromabroad.
28.1had hardlygot to the officemy wifephoned meto gobackhome atonce.
29.Everything wasplaced exactlyhe wantedit forthe graduationceremony.
30.hard youtry,it is difficult to lose weightwithout cuttingdown theamount youeat.
31.A numberof highbuildings havearisen therewas nothinga yearago butruins.
32.Hot thenight airwas,we sleptdeeply becausewe wereso tiredafterthe longjourney.
33.1f youhappen toget lostin thewild,youd betterstay youareand waitfor help.
34.Mankind mustfirst ofall eat,drink,have shelterand clothingitcan pursuepolitics,science,art andreligion.
35.He hasntgot anyhobbies youcall watchingTV ahobby.
36.Mother oftenreminds methatthebest thingone cando it israining isto letit rain.
37.lt tookwhat seemedtobeyears theactress finallyturned up,which madethe journalistsas wellas audiencesdisappointed andangry.
38.As isreported,it ismore than100years TsinghuaUniversity wasfounded.
39.It wouldbe almosta centuryan effortwould beginto turnback thisdamage.（2021唐山期末考试）
40.It was not untilhis wifecame backhe went to bed.
11.It wasquite along timeI figuredout whathad happenedto themanager.
42.（2021全国乙卷）It wasnot widelyaccepted asa travelconcept thelate1980s.43（.2020♦全国HI卷）he askedthe villagersonthebanks ofthe riverwhere hecould findthelegendary（传奇的）artist,they smiledand pointeddown theriver.44（.2019-天津卷）Tom isso independentthat henever askshis parents,opinion hewantstheir support.参考答案l.If
2.that
3.Although/While/Though
4.until/till
5.While/Although/Though
6.because/as
7.As
8.as
9.0nce/If lO.unlessILbefore
12.Although/While/Though
13.Where
14.Although/While/Though
15.once/if
16.before
17.before18上efore
19.unless
20.before
21.when
22.when
23.as/when
24.since/as/because
25.before
26.unless
27.since
28.when
29.where
30.However
31.where
32.as/though
33.where
34.before
35.unless
36.when/while
37.before
38.since
39.before
40.that
42.until
43.When/As
44.unless当她不跟我说话时，我就知道她生气了I wasthinking ofyou whenyou textedme.我正想你你就给我发信息了When hecame outofthebank,the thieffollowed himhome.（当他从银行出来以后，小偷一路跟踪他回家★引导时间状语从句，表示“在……期间〃，与……同时〃while当主从句的动词都是可连续性动词，或强调动作同时发生的时候，从句常用while引导While I waswaitingfor mytaxi,three buseswent by.在我等出租时，驶过了三辆公交She isplaying videogames whileIm havinglunch.我在吃午饭的时候，她正在玩嬉戏★引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时〃、随着〃，表示某事发生的过程中，另as一件事也在发生She satwatching himas hegave apublic speech.她一直坐着看他做公开演讲As hegrew older,he understoodthe importanceof modesty.随着年龄增，他明白了虚心的重要性★作附属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“无论何时，在任何的时候”whenever或“每当，每次〃You canask mefor helpwhenever youneed it.你假如需要我关心，随时可以提出来Whenever wehang out,he bringsa friend.每次我们出去玩，他都带着个伴侣★★★when,while,as这三个词引导时间状语从句时,有什么不同呢？when可以表示一个特定时间点，而while往往表示的是一段持续的时间（同as）When the phone rang,Iwas cooking.当响的时候，我正在做饭（响的那一刻是特定时间点〕While/As Iwascooking,the phonerang.当我做饭的时候，响了（做饭占用的是一段持续的时间）when（当……时候）引导的从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或同时发生，while和as（在期间、随着）主从动作往往同时发生When hearrived home,he wentto bed.当他回到家之后，他上床睡觉了When I got there,the partywas alreadyover.当我到那儿以后，聚会已经结束了当主从句动作同时发生，且从句动作为连续性动词，三者皆可用When/While/As hewas playingputer gamein theoffice,the bosscame in.当他在办公室玩电脑嬉戏的时候，老板进来了★表示“一……就……〃的附属连词（短语）引导的时间状语从句，，，，，as soonas onceimmediately directlyinstantly the；moment/instant/minute/second hardly...when,no sooner...than,scarcely...when引导时间状语从句时，表示“一……就……〃As soonas hegets here,were readyto go.他——至U我彳门就可以开头I don*t knowwhat todo onceIm surroundedby people.一旦四周都是人，我就手足无措The momentI seeyou,I wantto giveyouabear hug.我一你,就想给你一个熊抱He calleddirectly/immediately hegot mymessage.他一看到我信息就给我打了no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely…when…放在句首时,主句用局部倒装留意:He hadno soonersaid itthan sheburst intotears.他话音刚落，她就哭了No soonerhad hesaid itthan sheburst intotears.We hadhardly/scarcely satdown whenthe phonerang,我们刚坐下，就响了Hardly/Scarcely hadwe satdown whenthephonerang.★引导的时间状语从句until,tilL not...until主句为确定时，翻译为“直到为止；主句为否认时，翻译until not...until为“直到……才；是的非正式形式，一般状况下可以互换，但不行以置till untiltill于句首，在强调句中也不能改为until tilLI have always lived aloneuntil/till now.=Until nowIhavealwayslivedalone.直到现在，我一直独自生活I!m notgoing outuntil Ivefinished this.我要把这事做完了才出去It*snotuntil now that sherealizes herfaults.直到现在她才意识到自己的错误★before,after,since引导的时间状语从句作附属连词引导时间状语从句，核心意思是“在……以前〃，但依据语境不同，before又延长出“到……为止/才〃，“以免;不然〃和“宁可……而不愿〃的意思Check yourarticle carefullybefore youhand itin.在你上交以前，认真检查你的文章It wasseveral yearsbefore herealized that she hadloved him.过了好几年他才意识到她曾爱过他（等于until）Put itinto yourdrawer beforeyou loseit.把它放到抽屉里，以免你丢了（等于in case〕She woulddie beforeshe apologized.她宁死也不抱歉作附属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“在……以后afterSeveral yearsafter theyhad splitup,they metagain bychance inBeijing.他们分手几年后，在北京又偶然相遇since作附属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“从……以后；自从……以来〃He hasntcalledsince hewenttowork.自从他去上班后,都还没打来过She hadbeen athome sincethe citywent intoa14day lockdown.自从这个城市开头14天的封城以来，她一直待在家How longis itsince welast wenttothetheatre together我们多久没有一起去看戏了？★by thetime,each time,every time引导的时间状语从句by thetime表示“到时候”，表示动作在某一时间点之前已经完成，主句通常用过去完成时或将来完成时By thetime wearrived,someone hadgrabbed allthe goodseats.我们到达时，全部好位置都被人占了By thetime thisletter reachesyou,I willhave leftthe country.你收到这封信的时候，我已经离开这个国家了beach time,every time等表示时间的名词短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当”“每次〃Every time/Each timeI seehim,he isworking hard.我每次到他，他都正在努力工作地点状语从句（）
2.Adverbial Clauseof Place地点状语从句可以由where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere来弓【导，可放在主句之前或之后
（1）where引导的地点状语从句a.表示特定地点He liveswhere there is abookstore.他住的地方四周有书店b.表示抽象意义例Where thereisawill,thereisa way.（有志者事竟成）★如何区分where引导的定语从句和where引导的地点状语从句？where引导定语从句时，从句前应当有一个表示地点的名词作先行词，而状语从句那么不用比较We willstart where we stopped.[where作附属连词，引导地点状语从句〕We willstart fromthe placewherewestopped.（where作关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词the place）〔2〕wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere引导的地点状语从句He wouldgo anywhereIgo.我去哪儿，他就去哪儿缘由状语从句（）
①只有because可以用在强调结构it isbecause…that…中；
4.Adverbial Clauseof Result结果状语从句一般位于主句之后，常用来引导此从句的附属连词有so that,so...that,such...thato⑴so that引导结果状语从句，表示“所以〃oHe spokeclearly,so that everybody understoodhim.他讲话讲得很清晰，所以大家都听懂了留意so that依据语境，也可以引导目的状语从句，表示“以便〃比较We lefthome earlyso thatwe gotthere on time.我们离家早，所以我们准时到了Iso that引导的结果状语从句〕We lefthome earlyso thatwe wouldget thereontime.我们离家早以便可以准点到［sthat引导目的状语从句）⑵s…that引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于〃，so后面接形容词或副词She lookedso stunningthat everybodywas watchingher.她当时看起来太惊艳了，以至于每个人在看她He playedthe musicso loudthat Icouldnt fallsleep.他音乐放得太大声，以至于我没法睡
（3）such…that引导的结果状语从句,表示“如此以至于，such后面接名词The moviewas sucha successthat itwon theaward.这电影太胜利了以至于获了奖留意有时为了强调形容词或副词，可以把so或such局部置于句首，从句需倒装〔“倒装句〃专题会详解）So tiredwas shethatshecould barelykeep hereyes open.她太困了以至于眼睛都睁不开了Such ishis influenceon herthatsheoften sulksbecause ofhis moodswings.他对她影响非常大，以至于她常常由于他的心情波动而生闷气的状语从句
5.Adverbial Clauseof Purpose常用附属连词so that,in order that（以便，为了〕特别附属连词lest,for fearthat,in case（以免，生怕，以防万一）⑴so that,in orderthat引导目的状语从句，都表示“以便、为了〃的意思She spedup in orderthatshe wouldnot belate.她加速了，为了不要迟到Please speakloudly so thateverybodyintheroom canhear you.为了让在座的各位听清晰，请你说话大声点儿So that/In orderthat I can makeit tohis birthdayparty,I needto finishthe essayas soonaspossible.为了赶去他的生日宴会，我得尽快写完论文留意引导目的状语从句表”为了〃的so that是附属连词，但引导并列句表“所以〃的so是并列连词要看详细句意，不要混淆两者属性比较He leftme,so I cried.他离开我，所以我哭了[so是并列连词，表示“所以〃，只能放句中So that he wont leave me,I cried.我哭为了让他不离开我sothat起附属连词作用，表示“为了〃，引导目的状语从句一般放句中，为了强调可放句首Icriedso hewontleaveme,可有两种理解
①我哭了，所以他不会离开我
②我哭了，为了他不离开我问in orderthat,in orderto,so asto都表示“为了〃，有什么区分？答[1当从句主语和主句主语一致时，in orderthat+后面的从句可以直接用inorder todo sth.来替换对比He worksvery hardin orderthathecan bringhome thebacon.他工作很努力，以便能养家糊口He worksvery hardin orderto bringhome thebacon.2inorderto可以放句首、句中；so asto只能放句中对比In orderto bringhome thebacon,he worksvery hard.He worksvery hardso asto bringhome thebacon.2lest/for fearthat/in case表示“以防〃Always makea backupof yourwork lest/for fearthat yoursystem shouldcrash.永久要记得备份文件，以防你的电脑系统崩溃Take anotherbattery withyou in case youneed it.多带一个电池，以防不时之需让步状语从句
6.Adverbial Clauseof Concession常用附属连词though,although虽然;尽管特别附属连词even though,even if虽然/尽管，即使as〔虽然〕no matter+疑问词，疑问词ever whether…or…是还是while虽然1although和though引导的让步状语从句a.这两个附属连词都表示“虽然，尽管〃之意，although比though更正式Although/Though sheis eagerto mingle with otherguests,she stillfinds ithard toblend in.尽管她很想和其他客人打成一片，但仍觉得很难融入She likeshim though she neversays athing aboutit.她挺喜爱他的，尽管她从未说起过b.though作附属连词引导的让步从句假如有“主语+be动词“结构，且该主语和主句规律主语一致，为了简洁，可以省略He isa goodman,though heis ratherinarticulate.他是个好人，虽然不善言辞It ispossible,though itisdifficult.这事虽难，但还是可以办到的留意though还可以作副词，表“然而，不过，可是〃，常常用于句末补充说明，减弱语气We lost.It wasa goodgame though.我们输了，可是这也不失为一场好比赛2even though和even if引导的让步状语从句，两者都表“即使〃之意，可以互换，由于有表示“甚至〃的副词even在前，所以语气较although强，同时if可表示假设Ilike her,even though/even ifshe canbe annoyingat times.尽管她有时候挺招人烦的，但是我还是喜爱她We wontgive upeven ifwe shouldfail100times.即使失败了一百次我们也不放弃13as引导的让步状语从句一般放在主句之前，用倒装语序，从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，同时as可以与though互换Beautiful as/thoughsheis,I dontlikeher.她虽然美丽，但是我不喜爱她Hard as/though hetried,he failedtoloseweight.虽然他努力尝试，但仍没能胜利减肥Cry asyou may,things willnot getbetter.你尽管哭，事情也不会有转机的New recruitassheis,she alwaysgives deepinsights anduseful advice.尽管她是新人，她总是能给出有深度的解和有用的建议14”疑问词+词尾ever”构成的复合词引导的让步状语从句，表示“不管〃和”不管”的意思这类型的词有whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however0a.whever型附属连词引导的让步状语从句可以与no matter+疑问词〃引导的让步状语从句互换I willfollow himwherever/no matterwhere hegoes.他去哪儿我就去哪儿He trustsher whatever/no matterwhat otherssay.不管别人怎么说，他信任她I willkeep tryingwhoever/no matterwho triesto stopme.我会连续尝试，无论谁想来阻止我b.however作副词，表“无论到什么程度，不管多么〃之意时，往往和形容词与副词连用，组成的短语相当于no matterhow,在句中起附属连词的功用She hasthe windowopen,however/no matterhow colditis.不管外面多冷，她都开着窗户However/No matterhow patientlyhe explained,she refusedto listen.无论他如何耐心解释，她就是不听5whether...or…引导的让步状语从句，表示“不管还是.....”Whether youewithme orstay athome,I stillhave togo tothis party.不管你是和我一起还是待在家里，我都得去这个派对Whether youlike itor not,its yourresponsibility.无论你喜爱不喜爱，它是你的责任16while引导的让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管〃While Iam willingto help,I donot havemuch timeavailable.尽管我很想关心，但是我没有空We wouldalways choosesomewhere inthe mountainsfor aholiday,while ourchildrenalways wantthe seaside.我们休假总选择去山间，而我们的孩子总想去海边条件状语从句
7.Adverbial Clauseof Condition条件有真实条件和非真实条件两种前者指现实的或很有可能变为现实的条件,后者表非现实的或不行能变为现实的条件本节主要讲真实条件非真实条件，后期“虚拟语气〃会详解1if引导的条件状语从句，表示“假如……〃常用附属连词if,unless〔假如，除非特别附属连词组on conditionthat,only if,incase,as/as longas基于……条件下，只有，万一，只要If youfollow myadvice,youwillwin.=Youll winif youfollow myadvice.假如你听取我的建议，你就会赢⑵unless引导的条件状语从句，表示“除非……I wontgo unlessyou inviteme.除非你邀请我，否那么我是不会去的3on conditionthat引导的条件状语从句，表示“在条件下Icantell youwhat Ireally thinkon conditionthat/only ifyou promisenot tolaugh atme.我可以告知你我的真实想法，只要你容许不会笑我⑷only if引导的条件状语从句，表示“只有……才〃位于句首时，主句局部要倒装后期“倒装句〃会详解Only ifyou studyhard canyou finallymaster alanguage.只有努力学习，你最终才能把握一语言5incase引导的条件状语从句，表示“假如，万一〃例In caseI forget,please remindme.万一我忘了，请提示我〕⑹as/so longas引导的条件状语从句,表示“只要〃As/so longaswekeep trying,we willone daysucceed.=We willone daysucceed。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
