02解读真题命题之道妙招七选五拿-备战2024高考“跨词破句”之英语阅读理解轻松突破

解读真题命题之道，妙招七选五满分拿年高考英语七选五考情分析2020-2022试卷年代主题语境文章话题体裁词设空位置数标题段首段中段尾新高考人与自我寻找健身搭档说明文20223110041全国人与自我体验巴黎生活记叙文I20213330140如何成为优秀演2020人与社会说明文2970131讲者新高考人与自我写文章技巧说明文20222860140全国II2021人与自我如何提高阅读速说明文3140122度如何与医生高效2020人与自我说明文2930121交流通过对近三年新高考全国卷阅读七选五试题的分析，我们可以发现阅读七选五有以下特点.文章体裁以说明文为主（近三年新高考全国卷中，除新高考全国卷外，均采用了说明文）12021I.短文长度阅读材料一般是一篇长度为词左右的短文，其中正文词左右，备选项词左右，且选230024060项按照由短到长的顺序依次排列.考点设置设空位置多集中在段中，主要考查上下文过渡句、细节句等；近年来小标题的考查没有涉及，但3也不应忽略；关注小标题，多为祈使句段首、段尾句主要考查主题句、过渡句或结论性语句留意主旨句，句式应该相同；首段最后一句，总领起下文妙招“三步走”做到心中有数1第一步速读文章，把握文章主旨，理清文章脉络大标题小标题解题技巧有有考生可以通过文章的大标题和文中的小标题快速把握文章主旨并理清文章的行文脉络无有考生可以通过文中的小标题快速把握文章主旨并理清文章的行文脉络（苏北四市第一次调研）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项2023选项中有两项为多余选项Many peoplelead busylives and think theybarely havetime to work outevery day.]They areshort workoutsthat（高强度的）often involvehigh-intensity exercises.Here weexplore somereasons todo micro workouts.Require Lessof aTime CommitmentCommittingto exercisingfor acertain amountof timeper weekcan be difficult,especially whenyou donot havethetime ormotivation towork outfor anextended period.Microworkouts aregood alternatives.They takeup only10to30minutes of your day.Many peoplespend muchlonger scrollingthrough socialmedia eachday.2Make SchedulingWorkouts EasierIt can bechallenging tocommit thetime neededto exerciseevery day,but itcan also be hard to fita workoutinto atightschedule.However,a studysuggests thatit maybe possible.3For example,walking yourdog,using thestairs,parking fartheraway fromadestination,or walkingduring yourlunch break are all ways you can try.Need NoEquipmentInvesting inexpensive homegym equipmentcan be a realburden.When youdecide todomicro workouts,though,you dontneed abunch ofequipment.4For example,you maychoose todo stepson yourstairs,run onthe spot,or evendosome starjumps.Since youcanchoose whattype ofworkout youdprefer todo,it meansthat you can exercisewheneveryou please.5Now that you knowall aboutmicro workouts,you canadd themto your day.Get ascreative asyou pleaseandthink about the types of movements that suit you.You neverknow-it mightjust boostyour healthand wellness.B.Ready to get movingC.You justfit itinto yourroutine.D.Fitness should be simpleand convenient.E.So itshould be a relativelyeasy timecommitment.F.If you feel this way,you maybe interestedin micro workouts.G.Can microworkouts givethe samebenefits aslonger workoutsessionsH.Instead,you canuse thingsaround yourhome toempower your workout.【答案】l.E

2.D

3.B

4.G

5.A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了微锻炼的一些相关知识文（许多人过着忙碌的生活，认“Many peoplelead busylives andthink theybarely havetime towork outevery day.为自己每天几乎没有时间锻炼）”提到了没时间锻炼这一问题，下文They areshort workoutsthat ofteninvolve（高强度的）.（它们是短时间的锻炼，通常包括高强度的锻炼）”提到了短时间锻炼，high-intensity exercises选项中上半句承接上文内，下半句中是关键词，引起下文内容，所以选E If youfeelthiswaymicroworkoutsE项“如果你有这种感觉，你可能会对微锻炼感兴趣承上启下，符合题意故选项J E文uMicroworkouts aregood alternatives.They takeup only10to30minutes ofyourday.Many peoplespend much.（微锻炼是不错的选择它们只占用你每天到|分钟的时间longer scrollingthrough socialmedia eachday1030许多人每天花更长的时间浏览社交媒体）”提到了微锻炼的时间问题和浏览社交媒体的问题，选项中D easy是关键词，与上文构成因果关系，所以选项“所以这应该是一个相对容易的时间投入”符合题意故选D D项文“For example,walking yourdog,using thestairs,parking fartheraway fromadestination,or walkingduring yourlunch（例如,遛狗,走楼梯,把车停在离目的地更远的地方，或者在午休时间散步，这些breakareallwaysyoucantry.都是你可以尝试的方法）”提到了一些日常生活中的锻炼，选项中是关键词，概括了下文内容，所B routine以选项“你只是把它融入你的日常生活”符合题意故选项B B文不过，当你决定固定健身“When youdecide todomicro workouts,though,you dontneed abunch ofequipment^时，你不需要一堆设备）”提到了健身时不需要一堆设备，选项中是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，G Instead所以选项“相反，你可以利用家里的东西来锻炼能承接上文，符合题意故选项G JG文“Now thatyou knowall aboutmicroworkouts,youcanadd themto yourday.Get ascreative asyoupleaseandthink（现在你知道了所有关于微锻炼的知识，你可以把它们添加到你的日常about thetypesofmovementsthatsuityou.生活中尽情发挥你的创造力，思考适合你的动作类型）”提到了准备开始你的行动，所以选项“准备好A行动了吗？”能概括下文内容，符合题意故选项A有无考生可以通过大标题确定主旨，再通过速读其他段落首句确定文章脉络无无通常首尾两段就能定中心，通过各段首句即可理清文章脉络览选项，确定目标确定文章主旨和行文脉络后，不要马上通读刘览七个选项圈出选项中的关键词，并将这些关键词作为目标第二步，浏览选项，确定目标确定文章主旨和行文脉络后，不要马上通读原文，而是要先浏览七个选项圈出选项中的关键词，并将这些关键词作为目标记在脑中，再“以目标为导向”回头细读原文，这样会事半功倍第三步，细读文章，抓住关键重点阅读空处附近的句子，这些句子和空处之间存在紧密的逻辑关系，往往能提供重要线索再结合选项圈定文中的线索词，匹配选项中的关键词妙招解题“三步骤”从容不迫2一看位置设空位置通常有四种设空处是小标题，设空在段首，设空在段中，设空在段尾补全首中尾，快解七选五新高考全国卷阅读七选五对标题句的考查较少，对细节句的考查侧重上下文的衔接，做题时应关注空前空后关键句中的关键词和过渡衔接词汇年和年新高考全国卷阅读七选五均考查了个段中设空题，20212022I4年新高考全国卷和年新高考全国卷均考查了段首主题句和段中设空题，年新高考全国卷和2021I2022H2022I年新高考全国卷均考查了段尾设空题2021H例题（段首设空题）♦（.新高考卷•阅读填句）2022HWriting an essay is a difficultprocess formost people.However,the processcan bemade easierif youlearn topracticethree simpletechniques.36When you are firsttrying tothink ofideas for anessay,put yourpen toyour paperand write nonstop for ten orfifteenminutes withoutletting yourpen leavethe paper.Stay looseand free.Let yourpnn followthe wavesof thought.Dont worryabout grammaror spelling.Even thoughthis techniquewont workfor everyone,it helpsmany peopleget agoodstore ofideas todraw on.A.Make sureyour handwritingis neat.B.Let yourpen followthe wavesof thought.C.The seconddraft of the essayshould bebetter.D.First ofall,learn thetechnique ofnonstop writing.E.Too manywriters tryto gettheir draftsright thefirst time.F.Many beginningwriters dontleave enoughspace torevise.G.Then youcan printout afresh draft,again settingyour texton triple-space.分析分析文章结构可知，空格处是本段的主题句根据空后的“When youare first.,writenonstopfortenor fifteen可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写minutes withoutletting yourpen leavethe paper.”答案D点拨设空在段首，如果设空处恰好处于段落主旨句的位置，则该处应为段落主旨句，然后根据本段内容做出选择若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同，因此，考生在做题时，需观察其他段落小标题的句式结构，根据结构相同的原则，缩小范围，选择短小精悍、多为名词词组、动词形式短语或祈使句作为-ing小标题技巧主旨句:一反音主碗或段府帝题总结句总结上文句式特点过渡句正确选项与上一段尾句关系紧密空格本身是文章标题或段落小标题标题特点法，正确选项标点简短精悍，以祈使句为主图解技巧）…中心词法利用本段同义词或相关词汇，推测主题句解新才空利用上一段尾句和空后第

一、二句确定相关信息词设空出现在段首，肿@达玉瞻前顾后找启示通常为主题句，典后的句子都是寻该空的^辿例题（段中设空题）♦（.新高考卷•阅读填句）2022nThe nexttechnique isto writeyour draftrapidly withoutwoirying aboutbeing perfect.18Yet,by learningto livewith（弄皱）imperfection,you willsave yourselfheadaches anda wastepaperbasket full of crumpledpaper.Think ofyour firstdraftas apath cutout ofthe jungle-as part of anexploration,not asa completehighway.A.Make sureyour handwritingis neat.B.Let yourpen followthe wavesof thought.C.The seconddraft ofthe essayshould bebetter.D.First ofall,learn thetechnique ofnonstop writing.E.Too manywriters trytogettheir draftsright thefirst time.F.Many beginningwriters dontleave enoughspace torevise.G.Then youcan printout afresh draft,again settingyour texton triple-space.分析空前面一句提到:下一个技巧是快速写草稿,不要担心是否完美空后面一句提到:然而,通过学习与“yet”不完美共存,你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的纸的废纸篓选项:太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写E好与下文uby learningto livewith imperfection形成对比答案E点拨:段中设空属于对主题句的展开考生应尤其注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接段中设空的特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明解答此类试题时考生首先应确定所缺的句子是细节句还是过渡句，对于这两类句子，应采用不同的方法来解题阅读空格前后内容，标记关键词阅读各个选项，标记关键词比较匹配关键词，确定答案细节句利用词语复现确定答案利用表示并列、转折、让步或因果关系的过渡衔接词确定选项图解技巧阅读空格前后内容，挖掘内在卫姓关至过渡句阅读各个选项，标记表示并列、转折、让步或因果关系的过渡衔接词注意词语冗现同源、同义、近义或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等例题（段尾设空题）♦（.浙江月高考）20226I havea drawerfullofletters toSanta.Each yearmy childrenwould writeup theirChristmas wishlists.They were（提示）polite requestsfor thelatest gameor toy.As thechildren gotolder,they wouldgive Santasome hintson wheretobuy their presents.31Those letterstaught mychildren avaluable lessonabout writing:It hasa purpose.Sometimes ourpurpose isto achievesomething;other timesit maybe toentertain,inform,or persuade.But itis alwayspurposeful-or atleast itshould be.Andwhen writingdoesnt seemto haveany purposeor getany kind of meaningfulresponse,then itcan behardtoget excitedaboutdoing it.A.It isntthat theseyoung peoplecant write.B.But itis alwayspurposeful-or atleast itshouldbe.C.The ageof pen-and-paper letterwriting mayhave passed.D.As aresult,each yearthey receivedsomething theywanted.E.You write“Hi Nannaand Popbecause youare closeto them.F.As technologydevelops,young peopleare writingmore thanthey everhave.G.But ifthis is the onlykind ofwriting youngpeople do,it willcause problems.分析根据空前（提示）（随“As thechildren gotolder,they wouldgive Santasome hintson whereto buytheirpresents.着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物广可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物空处和横线处为明显的因果关系答案D点拨空格设在段尾，通常为结论，概括性语句如果不是结论，概括性语句，那么就要考虑过渡句通过空格把本段与下一段巧妙的连接起来解题技巧阅读至前段落内衣抓住王旨「总结至前的内至并利用词汇发现等技巧选出正旃选项.选项中常含有总结性的词语，.如therefore、thus、to sumup、to conclude、in aword等总结句图解技巧“腌前顾后”找启示1|、寸浓.阅读设空前一句，结合下一段开头，留意衔接词和关键词I型J注意所选答案是否衔接上下段内容二定关系设空处是小标题时，空处总领全段；设空在段首时，要判断空处都是主旨句还是承上启下句；设空在段中

1.时，要判断空处和上下句之间是什么逻辑.相关系，一般以因果关系、转折关系、并列或递进关系、解释例证2关系居多；设空在段尾时，空处一般是总结上文的总结句或承上启下的过渡句三找对应依据空格处所在的位置以及与上下文之间的逻辑关系匹配选项先确定有把握的选项，缩小筛选范围,把握不准的空再利用一些解题技法斟酌后判定妙招看文章结构3有的文章结构本身自带小标题，这样的文章一般会有一个空考查小标题体现在选项中往往就是从两个祈使句的选项中选择一个妙招看逻辑关系4文章的句与句、段与段之间都存在着一定的逻辑关系，抓住空处与前后句之间的逻辑关系是快速、准确解题的关键文章中常见的逻辑关系有解释关系、例证关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、因果关系等妙招看词汇复现5复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在上下文不同的位置重复提到同一个概念词汇复现形式主要包括原词复现、同根词复现、同义词/近义词复现、反义词复现、同畴复现等妙招看代词指代6英语表达中代词出现的频率极高代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的人、物或概念在做七选五时提高对代词的敏感度，巧妙利用指代关系，根据代词的单复数差异可以准确快速地解题可指代单数名词或整个句子；it they或指代复数名词；指代单数可数名词；或指代上文提到的女性；指代单数名词或句子；them oneshe herthis these或指代前句的复数名词those实战应用（.新高考卷）2022IFitness Magazinerecently ranan articletitled“Five Reasonsto ThankYour WorkoutPartner.,,One reason was:“Youll actuallyshow upif youknow someoneis waitingfor youat thegym,^^while anotherread:36With a workout（微妙）partner,you willincrease yourtraining effortas thereisasubtle competition.So,how doyou findaworkoutpartnerFirst ofall,decide whatyou wantfrom that person.37Or doyou justwant tobe physicallyfit,able tomove withstrengthand flexibilityThink aboutthe exercisesyou wouldlike todo withyourworkoutpartner.You mightthink aboutposting whatyouarelooking foron socialmedia,but itprobably won*t resultin ausefulresponse.38If youplan onworking outin agym,that personmust belongto thesame gym.My partnerposted herrequest onthe noticeboard ofa localpark.Her noticeincluded whatkindoftraining shewantedto do,how manydays aweek andhow manyhours shewanted tospend oneach session,and herage.It alsolisted herfavoritesports andactivities,and providedher phonenumber.39You and your partnerwill probablyhave different skills.40Over time,both ofyou willbenefit——your partnerwill（核心）be ableto liftmore weightsandyouwill becomemore physicallyfit.The coreofyourrelationship isthatyouwillalways bethere tohelp eachother.A.Your firstmeeting maybealittle awkward.B.A workoutpartner usuallyneeds tolive closeby.C.Youll workharder ifyou trainwith someoneelse.D.Do youwant tobeabetter athletein yourfavorite sportE.How canyou writea goodseeking training partner,,noticeF.Just acceptyour differencesand learntoworkwith eachother.读一一先观大局，知其结构，明天意G.Any noticeforatrainingpartnershould includesuch information.本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了找到一个好的健身伙伴的方法介绍与伙伴一起健身的诸多好处Para.1“如何才能找到一个好的健身伙伴”接受彼此之间的不同之处，学会合作Para.6析一一逻辑衔接，重连接词，识甬途寻一一词汇线索，判断指代，找复观题运用妙招和本空是段中设题本段第一句提到要感谢和你一起健身的伙伴的五个原因第二句开头的3612“One是一个原因，由设空前的可知，此处应是在讲另外一个原因，选项需要与和你一reasonwas..”“while anotherread”起健身的伙伴有关故选C题运用妙招和根据设空后的…，且为一般疑问句，说明此处与后句并列本空，374,5,6“Or doyou justwant tbe也应为一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释故选D题运用妙招和根据设空后的381,2,34“Ifyouplan onworking outin agym,thatpersonmust belongto thesame可知，此处应与一起健身的伙伴的位置有关故选gym.”B题运用妙招设空处所在段落第一句提到第二句提到中的细节，而设空处位于段尾，故此处395,6“notice,notice应总括前文或与前句并列选项中的与前文呼应，且为前文中所提到的细节故选“notice”“such informationG题运用妙招本段的段首句是故后文的内容应该和405,6“You and your partnerwill probablyhave different skills.”,“differentskills”有关，F项uaccept yourdifference既指代前文的“You andyour partner”,又与相关故选项“differentskills”F|代—回填答案，通读文章，复核正误|模拟精炼1（山东济南期末检测）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项2023选项中有两项为多余选项What isheritage Theword can bedifficultto define.Heritage isalways somethingthat ispassed downby familiesorother groupsfor manyyears1It canalso bethe customs,traditions,and valuesshared bygroups ofpeople.One wayto（有形的），think aboutheritage isto breakit downinto threegroups.These arethe tangiblethe natural,and theintangible.2It caninclude manyhuman-made objectsthat holdcultural value.Some examplesare national monuments andworksof art.Many ancient sites are also part of thisgroup.On asmaller scale,a familyhome can be partof anindividualsheritage.Many partsofthe natural worldarealso important tocultural heritage.This caninclude bodiesof water,plant life,landforms andmore.One exampleis theNile River.3Efforts to protect naturalheritage arekey in many cultures.The intangiblegroup includesany partof cultural heritage thatyou cantfeel throughtouch.Maybe youveread aboutformsof dance,like Flamencodancing.You mightknow aboutthe musicof MariachiBands orholidays likeEid.These areallexamples ofintangible heritage.4Exploring yourown heritagecan befun.It can help youlearn aboutyourself,your family,andyourancestors.But itsalsoimportant to learn aboutthe heritage of others.5It canalso leadyou tofind thingsyou mayhave in common with others!A.They aretreasures thatcanbetouched.B.What tangible items canbe partof heritageC.However,heritage isntlimited toconcrete objects.D.Languages,holidays andcustoms alsomake thelist.E.Therefore,its difficulttoprotectthem fromfading away.F.Doing so canhelp you build a stronger understanding of other cultures.G.It has been partof culturalheritage inmany African nations for centuries.【答案】l.C

2.B

3.G

4.D

5.F【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文讲述了遗产是由家庭或其他群体传承多年的东西然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品，它也是一群人共有的习俗、传统和价值观根据下文.（它也可以是一群人共享的习“It canalsobethe customs,traditions,and valuesshared bygroups ofpeople俗、传统和价值观）”可知，此处应指遗产不局限于某种东西，与项C“However,heritage isntlimited toconcrete.（然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品）”符合题意故选objects C根据上文（有形的）,（遗产分为有形的、自然的、和无形

2.B“These arethe tangiblethenatural,and theintangible.的三种）”及空后.（它可以包括许多具有文化价“It caninclude manyhuman-made objectsthat holdcultural value值的人造物）”，再结合下文中列举的人造物品的例子，包括nationalmonumentsand worksof art\等；由此可知，本段主要讲述哪些是有形的遗产，“ancientsites”B Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage（哪些有形物品可以成为遗产的一部分）”符合题意，故选B本段主要介绍自然遗产根据空前.（尼罗河就是一个例子）”可知，空处应该会“One exampleistheNile River继续讲述与尼罗河有关的内容项“G IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.（几个世纪以来，它一直是许多非洲国家文化遗产的一部分）”承接上文，符合题意故选G本段主要介绍无形的遗产上文提到了舞蹈、音乐等无形的遗产，D^Languages,holidays andcustoms alsomake the（语言、节日、习俗也榜上有名）”承接上文，介绍了其他的无形遗产，符合题意故选list.D根据上一句（但了解他人的遗产也很重要）”及下一句But itsalsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.（它还可以引导您找到与他人可能有共同点“Itcanalso leadyou tofind thingsyou mayhaveincommonwithothers!的东西！）”可知，空出应该是介绍了解他人的遗产的好处，项“F Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstanding（这样做可以帮助您更深入地了解其他文化）”承上启下，符合题意故选ofothercultures.F模拟精炼2。