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年高考真题英语中的长难句（附长难句翻译练习）
20231.A dirtystream,for example,often becameclear after flowing through plants and along rockswhere tinycreatureslived.句意为例如，一条污浊的小溪，在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，通常会变得清澈本句中for example为插入语，afterflowingthroughplantsandalongrocks...为时间状语，其中包含一个由where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rocks（新课标I卷）o
2.In partone,I describethe philosophicalfoundations ofdigital minimalism,starting with an examinationofthe forcesthat aremaking somany peoplesdigital livesincreasingly intolerable,before movingon toa detaileddiscussionof thedigital minimalismphilosophy.句意为在第一部分中，我论述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先探讨了到底是什么样的力量使得许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受，然后对数字极简主义生活准则进行详细讨论starting with...为分词结构作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词forces（新课标I卷）o
3.At theend of the thirtydays,you willthen addback asmall number of carefullychosen online activities thatyoubelieve willprovide massivebenefits tothe thingsyou value.句意为在这三十天结束时，你可以恢复少量精心挑选的，你认为将对你所珍视的东西大有裨益的线上活动that引导定语从句，修饰先行词onlineactivities;you value为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词thethings（新课标I卷）o,
4.Youll hearthese participantsstories andlearn whatstrategies workedwell forthem,and whattraps theyencounteredthat youshould avoid.句意为你将了解到这些参与者的故事，知悉哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应当避免的陷阱learn后有两个由what引导的宾语从句,that引导定语从句，修饰先行词traps（新课标I卷）o
5.In thesechapters,I examineissues suchas theimportance ofsolitude and the necessityof cultivatinghigh-quality leisureto replacethe timemost nowspend onmindless deviceuse.句意为在这些章节中，我探讨了独处的重要性，以及培养高质量休闲活动的必要性等问题，以取代现在大多数人漫无目的地使用电子设备而花费的时间most nowspend on...为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词the time,most意为〃大多数人〃（新课标I卷）
6.The keyfinding of the studywas thatwhen crowdswere furtherdivided intosmaller groupsthat wereallowedto havea discussion,the averagesfrom thesegroups were more accurate than those from an equalnumber ofindependent individuals.句意为这项研究的重要发现是，当大的群体被进一步分成更小的群体并允许讨论时，这些群体（估算）的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确本句主干是个主系表结构the keyfinding of the studywas that...;that引导的表语从句由一个主从复合句构成，其中when引导的条件状语从句中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smaller groups,主句the averagesfromthese groupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependent individuals中的those指代theaverages（新课标I卷）o
7.The imageofthereader appearsthroughout history,in artmade longbefore booksas wenow knowthemcame intobeing.句意为阅读者的形象是贯穿历史的，早在我们如今熟知的书籍出现之前很久，就已有展现阅读者形象的艺术作品问世句子主干是The imageofthereader appearsthroughout history0in art.・.彳乍状语,made longbefore books...came intobeing作后置定语，修饰art；as wenow knowthem为插入语（新课标II卷）
8.More recently,as bookshave becomeinexpensive oreven throwaway,artists haveused themas therawmaterial for artworks—transforming covers,pages oreven completevolumes intopaintings andsculptures.句意为最近，由于书籍变得廉价甚至被随意丢弃，艺术家们已经将书籍用作艺术品的原材料，将书籍的封面、内页甚至整本书变成绘画和雕塑作品本句为主从复合句，主句的主干为artists haveused themas theraw materialforartworksas引导原因状语从句，o主句后的动词・ing短语作伴随状语（新课标II卷）
9.They surveyedseveral hundredpark-goers,asking themto submita writtensummary onlineof ameaningfulinteraction they had with nature in the park.句意为他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在线提交一份书面总结，描述一下他们在公园里与大自然进行的一次有意义的互动句子主干是:They surveyedseveral hundredpark-goers;asking them...nature inthe park彳乍伴随状语;伴随状语中theyhadwithnatureinthepark是省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词interaction（新课标II卷）
10.Naming eachnature experiencecreates ausable language,which helpspeople recognizeand takepartin theactivities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.句意为为每种自然体验命名可以创造出一个可用的语言，它有助于帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动句子主干是Naming eachnature experiencecreates ausable language；which弓I导定语从句，修饰先行词language,该定语从句中又包含另一个定语从句thataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem，修饰先行词activities（新课标II卷）o全国一卷A
1.Go tothe governmentwebsite tolearn aboutprograms andonline toolsavailable tohelp peopleunder30build skills,find ajob orstart businessesall yearround.分析翻译
2.Through theSummer EmploymentOpportunities program,students arehired eachyear ina varietyofsummer positionsacross theProvincial PublicService,its relatedagencies andcommunity groups.分析翻译B
3.With shiningdark eyes,he seemslike thekind ofkid whowould enjoypublic speaking.分析翻译_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.Whaley recallshow atthe beginningoftheyear,when calledupon toread,Chris wouldexcuse himselftogo tothe bathroom.分析着羽译
5.“It takesa lotfor anystudent,Whaley explains,especially fora studentwho islearning Englishas theirnewlanguage,to feelconfident enoughto say,‘I dontknow,but Iwant toknow.分析翻译C
6.This smartkeyboard preciselymeasures thecadence withwhich onetypes andthe pressurefingers applytoeach key.分析翻译
7.The keyboardcould offera stronglayer ofsecurity byanalyzing thingslike theforce of a userstypingand thetime betweenkey presses.分析翻译
8.The keyboardcan determinepeoples identities,and byextension,whether theyshould begiven accesstothe computerifs connectedto-regardless ofwhether someonegets thepassword right.分析翻译
9.Data collected from the device couldbe usedto recognizedifferent participantsbased onhow theytyped,with verylow errorrates.分析翻译阅读七选五
10.If the air yourebreathing is clean-which itwould beif youreaway fromthe smogof cities-then theairis filledwith life-giving,energizing oxygen.分析翻译完形
11.Does Kilimanjarodeserve itsreputation asa crowdedmountain withlines oftourists ruining theatmosphere ofpeace分析翻译语法填空
12.Scientists haveresponded bynoting thathungry bearsmay becongregating aroundhuman settlements,leading tothe illusionthat populationsare higherthan theyactually are.分析翻译全国二卷A
13.There wasa bitof methat didntwant tolove thiswhen everyoneelse onthe planetdid,but thehorrorstory isbrilliant.分析翻译
14.Its areal whodunitandthe frustration whenyou realisewhafs goingon is horribly enjoyable.分析翻译B
15.I mentionthe singleparent withfour kidsrunning theshow and I talkabout thedad coaching a teamthathis kidsarent evenon.分析翻译
16.Im secretlyrelieved becauseI knowthere9s realpower insharing volunteerresponsibilities amongmany.分析翻译
17.That reliefis coupledwithadeep understandingof whythe samepeople keepcoming backfor more:Connecting tothe communityas youfreely giveyour time,money,skills,or servicesprovides areal joy.分析翻译_____________________________________________________________________________________________
18.In thatsense,Im prettysure volunteeringis moreofaselfish actthan Idfreely liketo admit.分析翻译
19.However,if othersbenefit inthe process,andIget somereward too,does itreally matterwhere mymotivationlies分析翻译C
20.Only atdinnertime arewe eating together anymore,74percent,according tostatistics fromthe report.分析翻译参考解析全国1卷A
1.句意为一年到头都可以上政府网页了解项目和有用的线上工具，这些工具能够帮助30岁以下的人增强技能，找到工作或者创业
2.句意为通过暑期工项目，学生每年能够得到各种各样的暑期工作，工作地点包括省公共服务机构，及与之相关的机构和社区组织B
3.句意为他有着明亮的黑眼睛，看起来像是那种喜欢在公众场合演讲的孩子
4.句意为Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就会请求去一趟卫生间when calledupon toread句中省略了he was
5.句意为Whaley解释道，“对于任何一个学生来说，尤其是英语作为新语言学习的学生，自信地说出‘我不知道，但我想知道‘需要付出很多”c
6.句意为这种智能键盘精确地测量人打字的节奏和按压每个键的力度本句包含一个由which引导的定语从句修饰thecadenceo
7.句意为通过分析一些数据，例如使用者的打字力度和按键时间，（这种）键盘可以提供一层强有力的安全措施
8.句意为（这种）键盘能确定人的身份，然后确定是否可以让他们访问已连接的电脑，不管这个人是否输入了正确的密码the computerifs connectedto是省略了关系代词的定语从句
9.句意为根据参与者如何打字，从这台装置上收集来的数据可以用来辨认他们，错误率极低collectedfromthedevice作定语修饰data,based onhow theytyped作方式状语修饰recognize,with verylow errorrates作伴随状语修饰recognize阅读七选五
10.句意为如果你呼吸的空气是干净的一一倘若你远离城市的烟雾，空气应该是干净的——那么空气里满是让人充满活力与生命力的氧气本句为if引导的条件状语从句，其中which itwould be是对前面进行解释说明,指代“theairyoure arebreathingisclean”整句话完形
11.句意为乞力马扎罗山是该得到一个人满为患，安静被破坏的这样的名声吗？a crowdedmountain withlines oftouristsruiningtheatmosphere ofpeace中with...为with复合结构作mountain的后置定语，在这个结构中，tourists和ruin之间为主动的关系，因此用了ruining语法填空
12.句意为对此，科学家们的回应是，饥饿的北极熊可能聚集在人类居住地附近，导致人们产生一种错觉，认为它们的数量比实际数量要多本句中有两个that引导的从句，第一个that引导宾语从句，作noting的宾语悌二个that引导同位语从句，解释说明先行词the illusion全国二卷A
13.句意为过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词me;when引导让步状语从句，相当于although
14.句意为它的情节扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种可怕的享受句中when引导的时间状语从句前置于主句的表语之前，正常语序为thefrustrationishorriblyenjoyable whenyou realisewhafs goingon.B
15.句意为我说起一位负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子;也谈到一位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执教running theshow作后置定语，修饰parent;coachingateam作后置定语，修饰dad;that引导定语从句，修饰team
16.句意为我暗自欣慰，因为我知道众多人分担志愿者的工作会有真正的影响力
17.句意为在欣慰的同时，也深刻理解了为什么同一拨人会不断回来参与更多的活动当你自愿地提供时间、金钱、技能或服务时，参与社区活动会给予真正的快乐why引导宾语从句，作of的宾语;Connecting tothe community作主语，provides areal joy作谓语，as引导时间状语从句
18.句意为从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行为，但我不愿承认这一点
19.句意为然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机是什么重要吗？if引导状语从句，主句为does itreally matterwhere mymotivation liesit是形式主语，指代where mymotivation liesoC
20.句意为有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭only+状语放在句首，强调时间状语，其后习惯上用部分侄U装正确语序是We areeatingtogetheronly atdinnertime anymore,74percent,according tostatistics fromthe report.。
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